PMT

1. Hydrogen forms compounds with most non-metallic elements and with some metals.

(a) Calculate the empirical formula of the compound used in the manufacture of
artificial rubber which has the following composition by mass.

Hydrogen 11.1% Carbon 88.9%

(3)

(b) The boiling temperatures of hydrogen chloride and hydrogen iodide

are: Hydrogen chloride –85ºC

Hydrogen iodide –35ºC

Explain why hydrogen iodide has a higher boiling temperature than hydrogen chloride.

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(2)

(c) Draw and explain the shapes of:

(i) the PH3 molecule;

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 (ii) the AlH4– ion.

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(d) Calculate the number of molecules in 8.0 cm3 of gaseous phosphine, PH3, at
room temperature and pressure.

(The molar volume of a gas at room temperature and pressure should be taken as 2.4 ×
104 cm3 mol–1. The Avogadro constant is 6.0 × 1023 mol–1.)

(2)
(Total 11 marks)

2. In the Periodic Table, where elements are arranged by atomic number, chlorine is a p-
block element whereas manganese, a transition element, is in the d-block.

(a) (i) Define the term atomic number.

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(1)
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