Schools Division of Silay City • Department of Education

LESSON EXEMPLAR IN PHYSICAL SCIENCE

GRADE QUARTER/DOMAIN: WEEK & DAY PAGE NO.:

LEVEL: 4th QUARTER/ NO.: 1
12 SECOND QUARTER Week 1/Day 1

I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content How light acts as a wave
Standards
B. Performance Design and create a useful product for practical purposes that uses mirrors
Standards and lenses
C. Learning Describe how the propagation of light, reflection, and refraction are explained by the
Competencies/ wave model and the particle model of light.
Objectives
 Understand the phenomenon of refraction — that when light travels across the
border of two transparent media (such as air, glass, Lucite, etc.), the path of
light bends.
 Understand that light is made up of waves, and that waves at different
wavelengths create different colors.
 Understand that a prism sorts a light beam into its various wavelengths,
appearing as a rainbow of colored light.
 Explain that there are also waves that cannot be seen by the human eye that
affect our daily lives. For example, we wear sunscreen and sunglasses to
protect our skin and eyes from ultraviolet waves.
II. CONTENT Light as a wave and a particle Design
III. LEARNING
RESOURCES
A. References
1. Teacher’s Guide
pages
2. Learner’s
Materials pages
3. Textbook pages Physics Exploring Life Through Science page 435 - 439
4. Additional  none
Materials from the
Learning Resource
(LR) portal
B. Other Learning
Resources
IV. PROCEDURES
ENGAGE Light is amazing! It is a form of energy that can bend and bounce, and it comes in all
different colors. What do you call it when light bounces off something? It is
called reflection. And, that is what is happening when we look at our reflection in the
mirror — light is bouncing back at us from the mirror. When light bends through
something, such as water, it is called refraction. Have you ever been in a swimming
pool and seen someone in the water look cut off at the surface of the water? What
you are seeing is due to refraction. Have you ever played with a prism? Well, we are
 going to look at one today to see another form of bending, or refraction, of light. How
about a magnifying glass? Well, that is a way light energy waves are refracted to make
an image seem larger.
Do you remembers the colors of the rainbow? Have you ever noticed that the colors
of a rainbow are always in exactly the same order? Look at the Visible Light
Spectrum visual aid (the same as Figure 1). ROY G BIV is a good way (acronym) to
remember the order of the colors of the rainbow. In addition to these visible light
waves, there are many more waves of light that cannot be seen with the human eye!
Below is the Electromagnetic Spectrum. Ultraviolet (UV) waves are even shorter than
violet waves and infrared waves are longer than red waves. We can only see the
colors in the middle, the visible light spectrum.

EXPLORE Perform Activities in every Station

Station 1: Bending Light
Thinking Questions
 What is energy?
 What are some types of energy we discussed?
 What is the largest source of energy in our solar system?
Instructions: Place the ruler (or pencil or Popsicle stick) straight up in the water
and slowly lower it towards horizontal.
Information: Refraction is the bending of the path of light as it travels across
the border of two transparent materials.
Your Observations:
1. The light traveled from __________________________ to
__________________________.
2. In the space below, draw how you see the object in your bowl:
Air
Air / Water Boundary
Water
2. Engineers must understand refraction when deciding the type of windows to put in
a building. Where else have you seen refraction that uses air, water or glass?

_________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

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Station 2: Lens and Light

Instructions: Examine the pictures and words through the magnifying glass.
What happens if you hold the magnifying glass at different distances?
Your Observations:
1. A lens is a curved piece of __________________________ that makes light bend.
2. As light comes into the lens, it converges at one point. Draw the arrows to the focal
point:

Light source: Sun 

Magnifying glass 

Focal point 

3. If you hold the magnifying glass at a certain distance, the image on the other side
is:
Circle one: Right-side up Upside down

4. Engineers use lenses in many products they create. Can you list two things that use
lenses?
________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

Station 3: Prism Rainbows

Instructions: Shine light through the prism to create a rainbow.
Information: The rainbow of colors we can see are called the visible
spectrum. White light contains all of the colors in the visible spectrum.
Your Observations:
1. When I hold a prism up to a light,
________________________________________________

____________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

2. List the colors that correspond to ROY G BIV:

 __________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

2. What three colors make up all other colors by their combination?

____________________________
____________________________
____________________________

3. Engineers use prisms to make telescopes and medical equipment.

What types of materials can make a rainbow?
__________________________________________________________________

Station 4: Polarized Light

Instructions: Put on a pair of polarized sunglasses and hold the plastic
polarized film in front of you. Then, slowly rotate the film in either direction.
What do you notice when the film is straight up and down ?
What do you notice when the film is rotated 90 degrees?
Information: Only waves moving in the same plane as the openings in a polarizing
filter go through (like putting a letter in a mail slot). All other waves are blocked.
Polarized sunglasses work by blocking some light waves so you can see better in very
bright conditions.

Your Observations:
1. When I put the polarized sunglasses on,

__________________________________________________________________

2. Where might you, or an engineer, want to use a polarized lens?

__________________________________________________________________
 Conclude the activity by bringing together concepts and review of your worksheet
observations. Review the "What's happening?" and "Engineering connection"
information provided in the Procedure section.
EXPLAIN

Worksheet Discussion:  Discuss what is occurring around you. Why do you thing a
beam of light id more bent under water? In what type of media refraction occurs.
(Answers: Water, air, glass, clear plastic, etc.)
Colors of the Rainbow:  Make a list of colorful objects, or collect colorful objects from
around you. Then have them re-order the objects by wavelength, following the colors
of the visible light spectrum or rainbow, with red as the longest wavelength and violet
ELABORATE as the shortest.
Make It Real: Engineers use light everywhere! Provide examples of where and how
light energy is used. Generate a list. Can you think of at least one use that involves a
mirror, a lens, a prism and a polarized lens? (Possible examples: To see using
flashlights and lamps; reflected light using mirrors and in cameras; visible light in light
shows, neon signs and computer screens; for medical technology in x-rays and
medical imaging equipment.)

Solve the following problems. Show your solution

1. A coin resting on the bottom of the container filled with water (n = 1.33) appears to be
12.6 m deep. What is the real depth of the coin?
2. A vessel contains 8.25 cm of water and 5.00 cm of oil. What is the apparent depth of the
EVALUATE coin placed at the bottom of the container? N of water = 1.33, n of oil = 1.25

EXTEND The Inuit (also called Eskimos) of the Arctic invented sun goggles by cutting slits out of bone,
wood or ivory. These native peoples used natural materials to prevent snow blindness and
protect their eyes from the glaring bright light reflecting from water, snow and ice. Make
your own arctic sunglasses. Follow instructions at NASA's Snow Goggles and Limiting
Sunlightwebsite, https://blogs.nasa.gov/NES_Teachers_Corner/2011/05/18/post_13057398
69505/.
 Give the difference between convex and concave lenses. These lenses have
different types of focal points, and the images in the lenses look different.
 Research the optics of the Hubble Space Telescope. This huge lens orbits about 600
km (375 miles) above the surface of the Earth. It completes one orbit around the
Earth every 97 minutes. The Hubble weighs about 11,000 kg (24,000 lbs) on Earth. It
is 13.2 meters (43.5 ft) long with a maximum diameter of 4.2 meters (14 ft). As with
most telescopes, it is its light collecting power that makes it so effective. It has two
mirrors, one is 2 meters (7 ft) wide. Start your research at the NASA (National
Aeronautics and Space Administration) website.
 Conduct a library or Internet search to learn more about wavelengths. What
wavelengths are longer and shorter than the visible spectrum wavelengths? For
example, longer than the red wavelengths are invisible infrared (~750 nanometers
to 1 millimeter in wavelength), microwaves (1 millimeter to 1 meter in wavelength)
 and short-wave radio (10-20 meters in wavelength) wavelengths. Provide examples
of how engineers have used their understanding of the properties of these invisible
wavelengths to create equipment and instruments useful in our everyday lives.

V. REMARKS
VI.
REFLECTIO
NS
A. No. of learners who earned 80% in the evaluation
B. No. of learners who require additional activities for
remediation
C. Did the remedial lesson work? No. of learners who
have caught up with the lesson
D. No, of learners who continue to require remediation
E. Which of my teaching strategies works well? Why
did these work?
F. What difficulties did I encounter which my principal
or supervisor can help to solve?
G. What innovation or localized materials did I
use/discover which I wish to share with other teachers?