National Conference on Recent Trends in Engineering & Technology

SIMULATION OF THREE LEVEL INVERTER USING

SINUSOIDAL PULSE WIDTH MODULATION
TECHNIQUE BY MATLAB
1
Pardasani Hitendra K. 2Arora Kapildev N.
Pardasani Hitendra K. Aora Kapildev N.
M.E.(pursuing),Electrical Engineering Department, M.E.(pursuing),Electrical Engineering Department,
S.S.Engineering college, S.S.Engineering college,
Bhavnagar,India, Bhavnagar,India
hitendra_568@yahoo.co.in Kapil_arora_31@yahoo.com

Abstract: This paper has included about Three Level

Inverter and Neutral Point Clamped Three Level Inverter
which is used to convert uncontrolled D.C. in to controlled
A.C. using Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM)
technique which is widely used in industrial applications like Fig.1 Block Diagram
speed control of Induction Motor, Brushless D.C. Motor etc.
By using this technique, reduces harmonic contents and
improves voltage level. All output result of inverter with R- II.SINUSOIDAL PULSE WIDTH MODULATION
load, RL-load and FFT analysis has shown. TECHNIQUE
Key words: This is a very simple technique for harmonic reduction. In
Three Level Inverter, Neutral Point Clamped Three Level this technique pulse magnitude will be constant and only
Inverter, SPWM, Simulation Results. pulse time (width) can be changed. In this pure sine wave is
compared with carrier (triangular) wave and producing gate
pulses. Sine wave has fundamental frequency and carrier
I. INTRODUCTION wave can be taken more than fundamental frequency.
Nowadays in so many applications desire controlled A.C.
for controlling speed of machines like Induction Motor,
Brushless D.C. Motor etc. For getting controlled A.C. MATLAB Block Diagram:
nowadays inverter is used. Inverter is converting
uncontrolled D.C. in to controlled A.C. There are so many
types of inverter like two level ,three level and five level
etc. In this paper three level inverter has discussed and it’s
results.
Three level inverter has made up of D.C. source, six
power electronic devices (ideal switches), star connected
resistive load, six gate pulse circuits (with 180 deg.
conduction mode).Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation
(SPWM) technique is used to generate the gate pulses.
SPWM technique is widely used in industries. Neutral
point clamped Three Level Inverter is the modified
version of Three Level Inverter also discussed in this
paper. FFT is used for harmonic analysis of output of
Three Level Inverter.
Simple Block Diagram of whole system is given in Fig.1.

Fig.2 MATLAB Block Diagram of SPWM

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 National Conference on Recent Trends in Engineering & Technology

Simulation Results:

III.THREE LEVEL INVERTER

Function:

Its main function is to convert uncontrolled D.C. in to three

phases controlled A.C. using six power electronic devices
like SCRs, ideal switches etc.

MATLAB Circuit Diagram:

+v
-
Voltage Measurement 4

3 5
1 Series RLC Branch
In 1 In 3 In 5

g
1
g
1
Ideal Switch 5

g
1
Ideal Switch 1 Ideal Switch 3 D3
D1 D5

2
2
2
Scope2
DC Voltage Source Series RLC Branch 1Series RLC Branch 2

2 6
In 2 4 In6
g
1 In 4

g
1

g
1
Ideal Switch 2 D6
D2 Ideal Switch 4 IdD4eal Swit ch 6
2

2
+ v vab
-
Voltage Measurement

+ v vbc
-
Voltage Measurement 2
+v
-
+
Voltage Measurement 1 Scope1 v
-
Fig.3 Waveform of SPWM
Voltage Measurement 3
Advantages of SPWM: Scope

 The output voltage control is easier with PWM
than other schemes and can be achieved without
any additional components.
 The lower order harmonics are either minimized
or eliminated altogether.
 The filtering requirements are minimized as lower
order harmonics are eliminated and higher order
harmonics are filtered easily.
 It has very low power consumption.
 The entire control circuit can be digitized which
reduces the susceptibility of the circuit to
interference.
Fig.4 MATLAB Circuit Diagram
Circuit description:
In this circuit six switching devices are connected in anti
parallel with six diodes, D.C. source, and star connected load.
Here all thyristors are conducted for 180 degree, at a time
only two thyristors upper side and one lower side or two
lower side and one upper side will be conducted.
Simulation Results:

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 National Conference on Recent Trends in Engineering & Technology

IV RESUTLS OF.FFT ANALYSIS

Such a technique is used for analysis of harmonic of output

of Three Level Inverter. Here in this analysis has included
with resistive load and with RL load Inverter.FFT analysis
gives Magnitude of Output Voltage and % Total Harmonic
Distortion.

a. With R-load Results

Fig.5 Waveform of Inverter

Whole System Block Diagram:

Out1

Out2

Out3
Logical Logical
spwm pulses of inv Logical
Operator Operator 1 Operator 2
In 1

In 2

In 3

In 4

In 5

In 6

inv

inverter Scope

Fig.6 Block Diagram:

Fig.7 FFT Analysis Results of R-load

b. With RL-load. Results

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 National Conference on Recent Trends in Engineering & Technology

 It is more difficult to control the power flow of

each converter.

MATLAB Circuit Diagram:

new 3 level inv

Series RLC Branch

9
g31
1 5
g11 g21

g
1
+
c v

g
1
q31 D31 -

g
1
q21 D21 Voltage Measurement
q11 D11

2
2
7 11
+
v
g32

2
g22 -
3 Voltage Measurement 2
g12

g
1
g
1
q32 D32 +
v

g
1
q22 D22 D30 -
q12 D12 D20
Voltage Measurement 1

2
Scope

2
2
D10

A A
B B
.. DC Voltage Source
C C
Three -Phase
Parallel RLC Branch

6
2 g23 10
g13 g33
+
v

g
1
g
1
-
D20' q33
D30' D33 Voltage Measurement 3

g
1
D10' q23 D23
q13 D13

2
2
2
8 12
g34
g24

g
1
g
1
4 Scope 1
q34 D34

g
1
g14 q24 D24
c1
q14 D14

2
2
2

Fig.9 Three Level Inverter(Neutral Point Clamped Type)

Whole System Block Diagram:

Continuous
powergui
g11
Fig.8 FFT Analysis Results of RL-load Pulse
Generator
g13

V.NEUTRAL POINT CLAMPED THREE LEVEL

Logical
Operator

INVERTER g12

g14

Its modified version of Three Level Inverter. Its has some

advantage and disadvantages are given below, g21

Pulse
g23
Generator 1
Advantages Logical
Operator 1 g22

 When M is very high, the distortion level is so g24

low that the use of filters is unnecessary.

 Constraints on the switches are low because the g31

switching frequency may be lower than 500 Hz Pulse

Generator 2
g33

(there is a possibility of switching at the line Logical

frequency). Operator 2 g32

 . Reactive power flow can be controlled. g34

three level of inverterSubsystem

Disadvantages:

 The number of diodes becomes excessively high Fig.10 Block Diagram of Three Level Inverter
with the increase in level.

13-14 May 2011 B.V.M. Engineering College, V.V.Nagar,Gujarat,India

 National Conference on Recent Trends in Engineering & Technology

Simulation Results: 2. M.RASHID , POWER ELECTRONICS

3. G.CARRARA, D.CASINI, S.GARDELLA,
R.SALUTARI, “OPTIMAL PWM FOR THE
CONTROL OF MULTILEVEL VOLTAGE
SOURCE IINVERTER” , FIFTH ANNUAL
EUROPEAN CONFERENCE ON POWER
ELECTRONICS , VOLUME 4 ,1993 ,PP255-
259.
4. POWER ELECTRONICS BASED A.C. DRIVES
BY B.K.BOSE,”SPWM”, ”THREE LEVEL
INVERTER”.
5. A GUIDE TO MATLAB, SECOND EDITION,
BY BRIAN R.HUNT.
6. THISIS ON ANALYSIS OF TWO LEVEL AND
THE THREE LEVEL
INVERTERS:PRESENTED BY PIYUSH
MOHANTY AND SARANSH SAHOO.
7. BASIC INFORMATION OF INVERTER,
WIKIPEDIA.
8. A PWM SCEME FOR A 3-LEVEL INVERTER
Fig.10 Voltage Waveform of Tree Level Inverter BY V.T.SOMASEKHAR, K.GOPAKUMAR.

Fig.11 FFT Analysis of Three Level Inverter with Neutral Clamped

Type

VI. CONCLUSION:

From this analysis, SPWM and Three Level with Neutral

Point Clamped Inverter are helpful techniques for
harmonic reduction and to improve voltage or current
profile without additional filters requirements.

VII. REFERENCES

1. P.S.BHIMBRA, POWER ELECTRONICS.

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