DRUG CLASSIFICATION DOSE, MECHANISMS CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NURSING

AND INDICATION ROUTE AND OF ACTION RESPONSIBILITIES

FREQUENCY
Generic -antiinfective; 2-2.5 mg/kg q The drugs can History of Hypersensitivity • Lab tests: Perform C&S
name: aminoglycoside 8hrs. be used hypersensitivity to or to and renal function prior to
gentamicin antibiotic concurrently toxic reaction with any Gentamicin or to first dose and periodically
with carbencillin aminoglycoside other during therapy; therapy
-For treatment of for the antibiotic. Safe use aminoglycosides. may begin pending test
serious infections treatment of during pregnancy Because of results. Determine
caused by serious (category C) or ototoxicity and creatinine clearance and
susceptible pseudomonas lactation is not nephrotoxic serum drug
strains of the infections. established hazards of concentrations at
following However, drug extended frequent intervals,
microorganisms: should not be administration, particularly for patients
P. aeruginosa, mixed in the Gentamicin, like with impaired renal
Proteus same flask other function, infants (renal
species (indole- because aminoglycoside immaturity), older adults,
positive and carbenicillin will antibiotics is patients receiving high
indole- inactive generally not doses or therapy beyond
negative), E. coli, gentamicin. indicated in long 10 d, patients with fever
Klebsiella- term therapy. or extensive burns,
Enterobactor- edema, obesity.
Serratia • Repeat C&S if
species, improvement does not
Citrobacter occur in 3–5 d;
species and reevaluate therapy.
Staphylococcus • Note: Dosages are
species generally adjusted to
(coagulase- maintain peak serum
positive and gentamicin
coagulase- concentrations of 4– 10
negative) g/mL, and trough
concentrations of 1–2
g/mL. Peak
concentrations above 12
g/mL and trough
concentrations above 2
g/mL are associated with
toxicity.
• Draw blood specimens
for peak serum
gentamicin concentration
30 min–1h after IM
administration, and 30
min after completion of a
30–60 min IV infusion.
Draw blood specimens
DRUG CLASSIFICATION DOSE, ROUTE MECHANISM OF CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NURSING
AND INDICATION AND ACTION RESPONSIBILITIES
FREQUENCY
Generic name: -antibiotic; 800,000 units q Interferes with Allergies to penicillins, Glossitis, stomatitis, - Drug is not for IV use.
Penicillin G penicillin. 6hrs bacterial cell wall cephalosporins, or gastritis, sore mouth, Do not
synthesis during other allergens. furry tongue, black
inject or mix with other
-Severe infections active Inactivation of “hairy” tongue,
caused by multiplication, parenteral nausea, vomiting, IV solutions.
sensitive causing cell wall aminoglycosides diarrhea, abdominal - Give IM injection in
organisms death and resultant (amikacin, gentamicin, pain, bloody upper outer
(streptococci). bactericidal kanamycin, neomycin, diarrhea, enterocolitis, quadrant of the
Prophylaxis of activity against tobramycin). pseudomembranous buttock.
rheumatic fever susceptible Decreased colitis, - Avoid contact with the
and bacteria. effectiveness with nonspecific
tetracyclines hepatitisLethargy, needle.
chorea
hallucinations, - Withdraw needle as
seizures quickly as
possible to avoid
discomfort.
- Stay with patient
throughout whole
duration of
administration.

DRUG CLASSIFICATION DOSE, ROUTE MECHANISM OF CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NURSING

AND INDICATION AND ACTION RESPONSIBILITIES
FREQUENCY
Generic name: -non steroidal, PO 250-500 Short-term relief Ulceration or chronic headaches, • Discontinue drug
mefenamic anti-inflammatory. mg 3 (less than one inflammation of hte GI nervousness and promptly if
acid times/day. week) of mild to tract, pregnancy or vomiting. Serious side diarrhea, dark
-Pain and moderate pain(e.g. child under 14 and effects may include stools,hematemesi
inflammation. pain associated hypersensitivity to the diarrhea, s, ecchymoses,
with tooth extraction drug. hematemesis epistaxis, or rash
and (vomiting blood), occur and do not
musculoskeletal Inflammatory bowel haematuria (blood in use again. Contact