CARBOHYDRATES

A. SUGAR CONTAINING B. STARCH CONTAINING

DRUGS DRUGS

FIG TAMARIND ARROWROOT STARCH

LN: Ficus LN: Tamarindus LN: Amylum marantae
EN: Fig EN: Tamarind EN: Arrowroot starch
SYN: Fici SYN: Tamarinis SYN: Indian arrowroot starch
Fique Tamarinden Bermuda arrowroot
Feigen Tamarind pulp starch
Higos Sambag Jamaica arrowroot
PU: Partially dried fruits Sampaloc starch
NO: Ficus caricae PU: Ripe fruits St. Vincent arrowroot
FAM: Moraceae (preserved part) starch
CON: Grape sugar NO: Tamarindus indica PU: Starch tubers
Gum FAM: Leguminoseae NO: Amylum marantae
Salt CON: Citric acid Marantae
USE: Demulcent Tartaric acid arundinacae
Laxative Potassium bitartrate FAM: Marantaceae
Nutritive USE: Laxative CON: Starch
Refrigerant USE: Demulcent
MANNA Bleaching agent Emollient
LN: Manna Nutritive
EN: Manna TRITICUM
SYN: Manne LN: Triticum BANANA
Manna ash EN: Triticum LN: Musa
PU: Dried saccharin SYN: Cough grass EN: Banana
exudates Dog grass SYN: Saging
NO: Fraxinus ornus Quick grass Saying
FAM: Oleaceae PU: Dried roots PU: Fruits
CON: Dextrose Dried rhizomes NO: Musa sapientum
Mannitol NO: Agropyron repens FAM: Musaceae
Mucilage FAM: Graminae CON: Starch
Resin CON: Levulose Vitamin C
USE: Excipient Mucilage USE: Nutritive
Laxative Triticin
USE: Diuretic BEAN
PRUNES LN: Phaseolus vulgaris
LN: Prunum EN: Bean
EN: Prunes SYN: String bean
SYN: Prunean noir Batong
Dumson plum Balatong
PU: Dried ripe fruits PU: Fruits/Legumes
NO: Prunus domesticus NO: Phaseolus vulgaris
FAM: Rosaceae FAM: Leguminoseae
CON: Sugar CON: Starch
Mallic acid Protein
Tartaric acid Vitamin B complex
USE: Laxative USE: Nutritive
Nutritive
BURI
SUCROSE LN: Corypha
LN: Sucrosum EN: Buri
EN: Sucrose SYN: Buli
SYN: Refined sugar Landang
Cane sugar PU: Young plants
Saccharum Fruits
PU: Sugar NO: Corypha elata
NO: Saccharum officinarum FAM: Palmae
FAM: Graminae CON: Starch
CON: Sugar Tannin
USE: Diuretic USE: Febrile catarrh
Nutritive Confectionaries
Food preservative
CASSAVA PLANTAIN RICE POLISHING
LN: Manihot LN: Plantago LN: Perpolitiones oryzae
EN: Cassava EN: Plantain EN: Rice polishing
SYN: Kamoteng kahoy SYN: Black psyllium SYN: Rice bran
Kamoteng datung Brown psyllium Tiki-tiki
Kamanting Blonde psyllium PU: Rice polishing
Kalibre Spanish psyllium NO: Oryza sativa
Balanghoy Psyllium seed FAM: Graminae
Manioca Llanten CON: Vit. B complex
PU: Freshly roots Lanting USE: Nutritive
NO: Manihot esculenta PU: Seeds Vitamin
Jatropa manihot NO: Plantago arenaria
FAM: Euphorbiaceae Plantago indica SAGO
CON: Starch Plantago major LN: Metroxylon
USE: Nutritive Plantago ovasa EN: Sago
Plantago ramose SYN: Sago
NIPA FAM: Plantaginaceae PU: Starch
LN: Nipa CON: Mucilage NO: Metroxylon sago
EN: Nipa Tannin FAM: Palmae
SYN: Pawid USE: Demulcent CON: Starch
Paud Emollient USE: Nutritive
Sasa Laxative
PU: Leaves STARCH
Fruits POTATO STARCH LN: Amylum
Saps LN: Amylum solani EN: Starch
NO: Nipa fruticans EN: Potato starch SYN: Cornstarch
FAM: Palmae SYN: Potato Almidon
CON: Starch Patatas Filcula
Sugar Possum Maize
Tannin Irish potato starch PU: Starch
USE: Alcohol White potato starch NO: Zea mays
Vinegar Fecula de patata FAM: Graminae
Roof making PU: Starch tubers CON: Starch
NO: Solanum tuberosum USE: Antipruritics
PEA FAM: Solanaceae Demulcent
LN: Pisum sativum CON: Starch Excipients
EN: Pea Iron Enema
SYN: Garden pea Protein Nutritive
Guisantes Phosphorus
Sitsaro USE: Cornstarch SUGAR PALM
PU: Fruits Culture medium LN: Arenga
Legumes Nutritive EN: Sugar palm
NO: Pisum sativum SYN: Kaong
FAM: Papilonaceae RICE PU: Fruits
CON: Starch LN: Oryza NO: Arenga pinnata
Protein EN: Rice FAM: Palmae
USE: Nutritive SYN: Palay CON: Starch
Pay Mucilage
Humay USE: Hemostatic
Arroz
PU: Grains SWEET POTATO
Rhizomes LN: Ipomea batatas
Roots EN: Sweet potato
NO: Oryza sativa SYN: Camote
FAM: Graminae Kamoteng bagon
CON: Starch PU: Freshly roots
Fats NO: Ipomea batatas
Proteins Convolvolusus batatas
USE: Diuretic FAM: Convolvolaceae
CON: Starch
Calcium
Iron
Vitamin A & B
USE: Nutritive
 C. CELLULOSE D. MUCILAGES
CONTAINING DRUGS CONTAINING DRUGS

WHEAT PURIFIED COTTON AGAR

LN: Panis LN: Gossypium herbaceum LN: Agar
EN: Wheat EN: Purified cotton EN: Agar
SYN: Common wheat SYN: Adsorbent cotton SYN: Agar-agar
Trigo Hudrofilo Gelatin
Weigen Algodon PU: Dried mucilaginous
PU: Starch Gapas substances
NO: Triticum vulgaris Bulak NO: Gracilaria lichenoids
Triticum aestivum PU: Hairs Gracilaria
FAM: Graminae (Bleach & sterilized) cartilageneum
CON: Starch NO: Gossypium hirsutum FAM: Rhodophylaceae
Glutin Gossypium herbaceum CON: Cellulose
Vitamin A, B & E Gossypium purificatum Gelose
USE: Demulcent Gossypium barbadense USE: Emollient
Emollient FAM: Malvaceae Laxative
Nutritive CON: Cellulose
USE: Absorbent CETRARIA
Protective LN: Cetraria
Filtering agent EN: Cetraria
SYN: Iceland lichens
Iceland moss
PU: Dried plants
NO: Cetraria islandica
FAM: Parmeliaceae
CON: Cetraric acid
Lichenin
Iso-lichenin
USE: Demulcent
Nutritive

CHONDRUS
LN: Chondrus
EN: Chondrus
SYN: Carrageen
Irish moss
Pearl moss
Perlado
PU: Dried plants
NO: Chondrus crispus
FAM: Gigartinaceae
CON: Carrageenin
Algin
USE: Demulcent
Emollient
Nutritive
In obesity

ULMUS
LN: Ulmus
EN: Elm
SYN: Elm bark
Slippery elm bark
Moose
PU: Dried barks
NO: Ulmus fulva
FAM: Ulmaceae
CON: Mucilage
Starch
USE: Demulcent
Emollient
E. GUM CONTAINING F. OTHER MALVACEAE
DRUGS CONTAINING
MUCILAGES

ACACIA ALTHEA
LN: Acacia LN: Althea
EN: Acacia EN: Althea
SYN: Gum acacia SYN: Marshmallow root
Gum arabic Whitemallow root
Gum senegal Raiz de althea
Galam gum Malvavisco
Egyptian thorn PU: Dried roots
PU: Dried gummy exudates NO: Althea officinalis
NO: Acacia senegal FAM: Malvaceae
FAM: Leguminoseae CON: Mucilage
CON: Arabic acid USE: Demulcent
Arabin Emollient
USE: Demulcent Excipient
Emollient Protective
Protective
Nutritive GUMAMELA
LN: Hibiscus
GELATIN EN: Gumamela
LN: Gelatinum SYN: Hawaiian rose
EN: Gelatin Chinese rose
SYN: Gelatina Antulanga
White gelatin Antuwanga
Animal jelly PU: Flowers
PU: Transparent Leaves
nitrogenous animal Barks
substances Roots
NO: Bos taurus NO: Hibiscus sinensis
FAM: Bovidae FAM: Malvaceae
CON: Glutin CON: Mucilage
chondrin Starch
USE: Emulsifier USE: Emollient
In culture medium
MOONFLOWER
TRAGACANTH
LN: Abutilon
LN: Tragacanthus EN: Moonflower
EN: Tragacanth SYN: Marvas
SYN: Gum tragacanth Malvas
Hog gum Giling-gilingan
Goat’s horn Daupang
PU: Dried gummy exudates PU: Flowers
NO: Astragalus gummifer Tops
FAM: Leguminoseae Leaves
CON: Tragacanthin NO: Abutilon indicum
Gum FAM: Malvaceae
Bassorin CON: Mucilage
USE: Demulcent USE: Emollient
Excipient
Adhesive agent
GLYCOSIDES

A. STEROL
CARDIOACTIVE DRUGS

ASIATIC HYDROCOTYL PERIWINKLE STROPHANTUS

LN: Centella LN: Lochnera LN: Strophantus
EN: Asiatic hydrocotyl EN: Periwinkle EN: Strophantus
SYN: Asiatic pennywort SYN: Red periwinkle SYN: Strophantus seeds
Takip kohol Pink periwinkle Strophanto
Yahong-yahong White periwinkle PU: Seeds
Tapingan daga Running myrtle NO: Strophantus kombe
Hahangale Chichirica Strophantus hispidus
PU: Whole plant Kumintang FAM: Apocynaceae
Leaves Kihapai CON: Strophantin
NO: Centella asiatica Maravilla de Espaňa Strophantic acid
FAM: Umbelliferae PU: Roots Kombic acid
CON: Tannic acid NO: Lochnera rosea USE: Cardiac tonic
Vallarin Lochnera alba Cardiac stimulant
USE: Diuretic Vinca rosea Diuretic
For wound & sclerotic Vinca alba
Catharanthus roseus YELLOW BELLS
DIGITALIS Catharanthus albus
LN: Digitalis FAM: Apocynaceae LN: Allamanda
EN: Digitalis CON: Vincristine EN: Yellow bells
SYN: Fox glove Vinblastine SYN: Golden trumpet
Purple foxglove USE: Anticancer (leukemia) Campanilla
Ladies gloves Campanero
Fairy gloves QUABIN PU: Whole plant
Fairy bells LN: Quabinum (Milky juice)
Dead men’s bell EN: Quabin NO: Allamanda cathartica
Hoja de digital SYN: Gratus FAM: Apocynaceae
Digitalis folium Gratus strophantus CON: Resin
PU: Dried leaves PU: Seeds USE: Antidotal
NO: Digitalis purpurea NO: Strophantus gratus Emetic
Digitalis lanata FAM: Apocynaceae
Digitalis lutea CON: Strophantin
FAM: scrophulariaceae Strophantic acid
CON: Digitoxin USE: Cardiac tonic
Digitonin Cardiac stimulant
Digitalin Diuretic
USE: Cardiac tonic
Cardiac stimulant SQUILL
Diuretic LN: Scilla
EN: Squill
PANDACAQUI SYN: Red squill
LN: Tabernaemontana White squill
EN: (none) Italian squill
SYN: Pandacaqui Spanish squill
Pandakaki Sea onions
Kurebetbet Cebolla albarrama
Tungaw PU: Bulbs
PU: Leaves (Fleshly inner scales)
(Milky juice) NO: Urginea maritima
NO: Tabernaemontana FAM: Liliaceae
pandacaqui CON: Scillain
FAM: Apocynaceae scillitoxin
CON: Tabernaemontanine scillipicrin
Ervatamine USE: Emetic
Resin Raticide
USE: Poultice
Good for boils &
swelling
For erectile dysfunction
B. ANTHRAQUINONE C. ALDEHYDE

ALOE SACRED BARK VANILLA

LN: Aloe LN: Rhamnus purshiana LN: Vanilla
EN: Aloe EN: Sacred bark EN: Vanilla
SYN: Aloe vera SYN: Bear wood SYN: Vanilla fruit
Aloe socotrina Bitter wood Vanilla bean
Bitter aloe Chitten wood bark Fructus vanilla
Cape aloe Cascara sagrada PU: Immature fruits
Curacao aloe PU: Dried barks (Cured & full grown)
Acibar (trunks & branches) NO: Vanilla planifolia
Sabila NO: Rhamnus purshiana Vanilla tahitensis
Dila halo FAM: Rhamnaceae FAM: Orchidaceae
Dila buaya CON: Emodin CON: Vanillin
PU: Leaves Isoemodin USE: Flavoring agent
(inspissated/fresh Frangulin
juice) USE: Cathartic
NO: Aloe vera Laxative
Aloe africana
Aloe barbadensis SENNA
Aloe ferrox LN: Senna
Aloe perryi EN: Senna
Aloe spicata SYN: Senna leaves
FAM: Liliaceae Hojas de senna
CON: Aloin Indian senna
Emodin Nubia senna
USE: Cathartic Alexandria senna
Laxative Tinnevelly senna
Promote hair growth PU: Dried leaves
& tissues NO: Cassia acutifolia
For burns & skin Cassia angustifolia
disease FAM: Leguminoseae
CON: Senna-emodin
FRANGULA Senna-isoemodin
LN: Frangula Senna-chrysophanic
EN: Frangula acid
SYN: Alder bark USE: Cathartic
Thorn bark Laxative
Berry alder
Black dog wood
PU: Dried barks
NO: Rhamnus frangula
FAM: Rhamnaceae
CON: Frangulin
USE: Laxative

RHUBARB
LN: Rheum
EN: Rhubarb
SYN: Rhubarb root
Chinese rhubarb
Turkey rhubarb
PU: Rhizomes
Roots
NO: Rheum officinale
Rheum palmatum
Rheum tanguticum
FAM: Polygonaceae
CON: Rhein
Emodin
Chrysophanic acid
USE: Cathartic
Laxative
D. CYANOPHORE E. THIOCYANATE F. LACTONE

WILD CHERRY BLACK MUSTARD CANTHARIDES

LN: Prunus virginiana LN: Sinapis nigra LN: Cantharis
EN: Wild cherry EN: Black mustard EN: Cantharides
SYN: Wild black cherry SYN: Brown mustard SYN: Spanish fly
Black choke cherry Semilla de mostaza Russian fly
Rum cherry PU: Dried ripe seeds Blistering fly
Cabinet cherry NO: Sinapis nigra Blister beetle
PU: Stems Brassica nigra PU: Dried insects
Barks FAM: Cruciferae NO: Cantharides
NO: Prunus virginiana CON: Sinigrin vessicatoria
Prunus Serotina USE: Condiment FAM: Meloidae
FAM: Rosaceae Counter-irritant CON: Cantharidin
CON: Mandelic acid Emetic Cantharidic acid
Mandelonitrile Rubefacient USE: Aphrodisiacs
USE: Bitter tonic Flavoring agent Diuretic
Stomachic Vessicant
WHITE MUSTARD
LN: Sinapis alba SANTONICA
EN: White mustard LN: Santonica
SYN: Yellow mustard EN: Santonica
Mostaza blanca SYN: Levant wormseed
PU: Ripe seeds Semen sanctum
NO: Sinapis alba Semen contra
FAM: Cruciferae Semen cinae
CON: Sinalbim PU: Dried flower heads
Mucilage (unexpanded)
Protein NO: Artemesia pauciflora
USE: Condiment Artemesia cina
Counter-irritant FAM: Compositae
Emetic CON: Santonin
Rubefacient USE: Anthelmintic
Flavoring agent Vermicide

TONKA
LN: Tonka
Dipteryx
EN: Tonka seeds
SYN: Tonquin beans
Semen tonco
PU: Ripe seeds
NO: Coumarouna odorata
Coumarouna
Oppositifolia
Dipteryx odorata
Dipteryx oppositifolia
FAM: Leguminoseae
CON: Coumarin
USE: Flavoring agent
G. SAPONIN H. ALCOHOL

SARSAPARILLA HAMAMELIS LEAVES VIBURNUM OPULUS

LN: Sarsaparilla LN: Hamamelis folia LN: Viburnum opulus
EN: Sarsaparilla EN: Hamamelis leaves EN: Viburnum opulus
SYN: Sarsaparilla root SYN: Witch hazel leaves SYN: High bush
Raiz de sarsaparilla Winterbloom leaves Cranberry bark
PU: Dried roots Striped alder leaves Cramp bark
NO: Smilax officinale Spotted hazelnut Rose elder bark
Smilax medica leaves PU: Dried stems
Smilax ornate PU: Dried leaves Dried branches barks
FAM: Liliaceae NO: Hamamelis virginiana NO: Viburnum opulus
CON: Sarsaponin FAM: Hamamelidaceae FAM: Caprifoliaceae
Saponin CON: Calciumoxalate CON: Viburnin
Smilacin Gallic acid Viburnic acid
Parillin Tannin USE: Antispasmodic
USE: Analgesic Volatile oil Sedative
Tonic USE: Astringent Tonic
Flavoring agent Hemostatic
VIBURNUM PRUNIFOLIUM
SENEGA HAMAMELIS BARKS LN: Viburnum prunifolium
LN: Senega LN: Hamamelis cortex EN: Viburnum prunifolium
EN: Senega EN: Hamamelis bark SYN: Stag bush
SYN: Senega snake root SYN: Witch hazel bark Black hawk
Battle snake root Winterbloom bark Corteza de viburno
Milkworth Striped alder bark PU: Stem
Polygala de Virginia Spotted hazelnut bark Barks
PU: Dried roots Snapping hazelnut bark Roots
NO: Polygala senega PU: Dried barks & twigs NO: Viburnum prunifolium
FAM: Polygalaceae NO: Hamamelis virginiana FAM: Caprifoliaceae
CON: Senegin FAM: Hamamelidaceae CON: Resin
Polygalic acid CON: Calciumoxalate Tannin
USE: Emetic Gallic acid Viburnin
Expectorant Tannin Valerianic acid
Volatile oil USE: Antispasmodic
SOAP BARK USE: Astringent Sedative
LN: Quillaja Hemostatic Tonic
EN: Soap bark
SY: Soap tree bark MEZERIUM ZANTHOXYLLUM
China bark LN: Mezereum LN: Zanthoxyllum
Murillo bark EN: Mezereum EN: Zanthoxyllum
Panama bark SYN: Mezereon SYN: Angelica tree
Panama wood Lady laurel Pillotory tree
Cullay Spurge laurel Prickly ash tree
PU: Dried inner barks Paradise plant Toothache tree
NO: Quillaja saponica Wild pepper Pepper wood
FAM: Rosaceae PU: Dried barks Yellow wood
CON: Quillaja saponin NO: Daphne mezereum PU: Dried barks
Quillaja sapotoxin Daphne laureola NO: Zanthoxyllum
USE: Detergent Daphne gnidium americanum
Emulsifying agent FAM: Thymeleaceae Zanthoxyllum
for coal tar CON: Mezerein clava-hercules
Daphnin FAM: Rutaceae
USE: Alternative CON: Zanthoxyllin
(syphilis & rheumatism) Volatile oil
USE: Alternative
Diaphoretic
Stimulant
I. FLAVONOL J. PHENOL K. MISCELLANEOUS

RUE UVA-URSI 1. BITTER TASTE

LN: Ruta LN: Uva-ursi
EN: Rue EN: Uva-ursi GENTIANA
SYN: Garden rue SYN: Bearberry LN: Gentiana
Hoja de ruta Mountain cranberry EN: Gentian
PU: Dried leaves Mountain box SYN: Yellow gentian root
NO: Ruta graveolens Kinnikinic acid Bitter gentian root
FAM: Rutaceae Universal vine Bitter wort
CON: Rutin Gayuba Felwort
Rutenic acid PU: Dried leaves PU: Dried rhizomes
USE: Stimulant NO: Aretostaphylos uva-ursi Dried roots
FAM: Ericaceae NO: Gentiana Lutea
CON: Ericolin FAM: Gentianaceae
Aroutin CON: Gentianin
USE: Antiseptic Gentisin
Astringent Gentiamarin
Diuretic Gentiapicrin
Stimulant USE: Bitter tonic

QUASSIA
LN: Quassia
EN: Quassia
SYN: Bitter ash
Bitter wood
Lofty quassa
PU: Inner wood
Heart wood
NO: Quassia amara
Quassia Jamaica
Surinam quassia
Picrasam excelsa
FAM: Simarubaceae
CON: Quassin
Picrasmin
USE: Antipyretic
Bitter tonic

2. SWEET TASTE

GLYCERRHIZA
LN: Glycerrhiza
EN: Glycerrhiza
SYN: Licorize root
Sweet root
Sweet wood
Paulo dulce
Radix dulcis
Raiz de regaliz
Oruzus
PU: Rhizomes
Roots
NO: Glycyrrhiza typical
Glycyrrhiza glabra
Glycyrrhiza glandulifera
FAM: Leguminoseae
CON: Glycerrhizic acid
Asparagin
USE: Pill excipient
Sweetening agent
3. COLORING AGENT

ANNATTO TREE HAEMATOXYLON TURMERIC

LN: Bixa LN: Haematoxylon LN: Curcuma
EN: Annatto tree EN: Haematoxylon EN: Turmeric
Achuette SYN: Black wood SYN: Yellow turmeric
SYN: Atsuete Log wood Yellow root
Annatto Compeachy wood Kurkuma
Sayotis Sto. Domingo dog Safran delos indes
PU: Seeds wood Dilao
Barks PU: Inner wood Dulaw
NO: Bixa Orellana Heart wood Duwao
FAM: Bixaceae NO: Haematoxylon PU: Rhizomes
CON: Bixin campechianum NO: Curcuma longa
USE: Coloring agent FAM: Leguminoseae FAM: Zingiberaceae
CON: Haematoxyllin CON: Curcumin
COCHINEAL Haematrine Turmerol
LN: Coccus Tannin Carvone
EN: Cochineal USE: Astringent USE: Stomachic
SYN: Coccionella Coloring agent Vulnerary
Cochineal insect
Red scale insect LITMUS
PU: Dried female insect LN: Litmus
(enclosing the young EN: Litmus
Larvae) SYN: Lacmus
NO: Coccus cacti Laqueblue
FAM: Coccidae Turnsole
CON: Carminic acid PU: Dried lichens
Carmine red NO: Rocella tinctoria
USE: Source of carmine Rocella tartarea
Coloring agent Rocella fusiformis
FAM: Parmaliaceae
CUDBEAR CON: Lichenin
LN: Persio Lecaronic acid
EN: Cudbear Azolitmin
SYN: Red indigo Orcinol
Dyer’s moss USE: chemical indicator
Swedish moss
PU: Purplish red powder RED SAUNDERS
NO: Rocella tinctoria LN: Santalum rubrum
Rocella de candolle EN: Red saunders
Lecanora tartarae SYN: Ruby wood
FAM: Parmeleaceae Red sandal wood
CON: Lecaronic acid Lino de sandal rojo
Orsellic acid PU: Inner wood
Orsein Heart wood
USE: Coloring agent NO: Pterocarpus santalinus
FAM: Leguminoseae
CROCUS CON: Santalin
LN: Saffron Santallic acid
EN: Crocus Tannin
SYN: Spanish saffron Pterocarpine
True saffron USE: Coloring agent
Saffrolet
Safran
Azafran
PU: Dried stigmas & tops
NO: Crocus sativus
FAM: Iridaceae
CON: Crocin
Sicrocrocin
USE: Coloring agent
4. NATURAL PRINCIPLES 5. with VOLATILE OILS 6. with FIXED OILS

FISH BERRY ARNICA CONVALLARIA ROOT

LN: Cocculus LN: Arnica LN: Convallaria radix
EN: Fish berry EN: Arnica EN: Convallaria root
SYN: Indian berry SYN: Arnica flower SYN: Lily of the valley
Levant berry American arnica May lily
Lagtang European arnica Lirio delos valles
Ligtang Flor de arnica Muguet
PU: Dried fruits Mountain tobacco PU: Rhizomes
NO: Anamirta cocculus Leopard’s bone Roots
Anamirta paniculata Wolf’s bone NO: Convallaria radix
FAM: Menispermaceae PU: Dried flower heads Convallaria majalis
CON: Picrotoxin NO: Arnica Montana FAM: Liliaceae
USE: Fish poisoning FAM: Compositae CON: Convallarin
CON: Arnicrin Convallatoxin
Arnitrin Convallamarin
USE: Circulatory stimulant USE: Heart tonic

CALAMUS YESTERDAY, TODAY &

LN: Calamus TOMORROW
EN: Calamus LN: Quisqualis
SYN: Calamus root EN: Yesterday, Today &
Calamo aromatic Tomorrow
Sweet flag SYN: Chinese honey suckle
Sweet cane Rangoon creeper
Radix calami Burma creeper
Radix acori Piniones
Acoru Niogniogan
Lubig Tanglo
PU: Dried unpeeled Tangulo
Rhizomes Tagulo
NO: Acorus calamus Tartaraok
FAM: Araceae PU: Seeds
CON: Acorine NO: Quisqualis indica
Calamine FAM: Combretaceae
Choline CON: Santonin
USE: Carmnative USE: Anthelmintic
Stimulant

CAPSICUM 6. Other Glycosidal Drugs

LN: Capsicum
EN: Capsicum PRAYER BEAN
SYN: Cayenne pepper
Garden pepper LN: Abrus
African chilles EN: Prayer bean
Chilles SYN: Prayer bead
Chile Crab’s eye
Sili Jequirity seeds
Siling labuyo Indian licorize
Chileng bundok Boyang-yang
Paprika Gikos-gikos
Kitikot Saga-saga
PU: Dried fruits Kansaga-saga
NO: Capsicum frutescens PU: Seeds
FAM: Solanaceae Leaves
CON: Capsaicin NO: Abrus precatorius
Capsacutin FAM: Leguminoseae
USE: Carminative CON: Abrin
Stomachic USE: Expectorant
Potent stimulant For chronic eye disease
TANNINS
GAMBIR JAVA PLUM NUTGALL
LN: Gambir LN: Eugenia LN: Galla
EN: Gambir EN: Java plum EN: Nutgall
SYN: Pale Catechu SYN: Black plum SYN: Aleppogall
Catechu Duhat Mad apple
Cutch Lomboy Apple of sodom
Terra japonica PU: Fruits PU: Abnormal growth
PU: Extracts Barks of the stems excrescence caused
(twigs & leaves) Roots by insect cynips
NO: Eurouparia gambir NO: Eugenia cumini gallae tinctoriae
Uncaria gambir Eugenia jambolana NO: Quercus infectoria
FAM: Rubiaceae Syzygium cumini FAM: Cupulliferae
CON: Catechin FAM: Myrtaceae CON: Gallic acid
Catechu CON: Tannin USE: Antidiarrheal
Catechu-red Pectin Astringent
USE: Antidiarrheal USE: Antidiarrheal Hemostatic
Astringent Antidysentery For burn
Manufacture of ink
GRINDELIA KINNO
LN: Grindelia LN: Kinno OAK-LEAF FERN
EN: Grindelia EN: Kinno LN: Dynaria
SYN: Grindelie SYN: Gum kinno EN: Oak-leaf fern
Gum plant Goma kinno SYN: Pakpak lawin
PU: Dried leaves Malabar kinno Kabkab
Dried Flowering tops East Indian kinno Kabkabin
NO: Grindelia camporum Bartard leak Pai-pai amo
Grindelia cuneifolia PU: Juice (fruits) Baga-baga
Grindelia squamosa NO: Pterocarpus marsupium PU: Rhizomes
FAM: Compositae FAM: Leguminoseae NO: Dynaria Quercifolia
CON: Grindelin CON: Tannin FAM: Polypodiaceae
USE: Antiasthma Gallic acid CON: Tannin
USE: Antidiarrheal Mucilage
GUAVA Antidysentry USE: Anthelmintic
LN: Psidium Astringent Astringent
EN: Guava
SYN: Bayabas LANZONES OLIVE
Bayanas LN: Lanzium LN: Cycas
Biyabas EN: Lanzones EN: Olive
Guayabas SYN: Buahan SYN: Oliba
PU: Fruits Bulahan Pitogo
Leaves Buabua PU: Seeds
Barks Baban Leaves
Roots PU: Fruits NO: Cycas rumphii
NO: Psidium guajava Barks Cycas revoluta
FAM: Myrtaceae NO: Lanzium domesticum FAM: Cycadaceae
CON: Tannin FAM: Meliaceae CON: Tannin
Tannic acid CON: Tannin Physosterin
Pectin Sucrose USE: For boils, wounds,
USE: Antidiarrheal Lanzium acid and skin disease
Astringent USE: Astringent
Cleansing agent Insecticide
RED ROSE
LN: Rosa gallica
EN: Red rose
SYN: Rose petals
Rose Dutch
French rose
Florde rosa roja
PU: Dried petals and
Flower buds
NO: Rosa gallica
FAM: Rosaceae
CON: Tannic acid
Gallic acid
Volatile oil
USE: Tonic
Mild astringent

SANTOL
LN: Sandoricum
EN: Santol
SYN: Santol
Santor
katul
PU: Fruits
Fresh leaves
Roots
NO: Sandoricum koetjape
Sandoricum indicum
FAM: Meliaceae
CON: Tannin
Carbohydrates
USE: Astringent
Sudorific
FIXED OILS

A. DRYING OILS

CASTOR SEED CROTON SEED

LN: Semen ricini LN: Tiglium
EN: Castor seed EN: Croton seed
SYN: Tangan-tangan SYN: Kasla
Semilla de catapucia Tubang makaisa
PU: Dried seeds Croton grano de tiglio
NO: Ricinus communis PU: Oil (ripe seeds)
FAM: Euphorbiaceae NO: Croton tiglium
CON: Fixed oils FAM: Euphorbiaceae
USE: Source of castor oil CON: Fixed oils
USE: Cathartic
CASTOR OIL
LN: Oleum ricini CANDLE NUT
EN: Castor oil LN: Aleurites
SYN: Aceite de castor EN: Candle nut
Aceite de recino SYN: Kalumban
Aceite de palma christe Lumbang
PU: Oil Rumbang
NO: Ricinus communis Kapili
FAM: Euphorbiaceae PU: Oil (kernel of seeds)
CON: Ricine NO: Aleurites molucanna
Ricinotein FAM: Euphorbiaceae
USE: Cathartic CON: Fixed oils
Emollient Protein
Lubricant USE: Fertilizer
Paint mixture
LINSEED
LN: Linum PHYSIC NUT
EN: Linseed LN: Jatropha
SYN: Flaxseed EN: physic nut
Linasa SYN: Big purge nut
PU: Ripe seeds Tuba-tuba
NO: Linum usitatissimum Tubang bakud
FAM: Linaceae PU: Milky juice
CON: Fixed oils (Leaves & fresh barks)
Mucilage Oil (ripe seeds)
Protein NO: Jatropha curcas
USE: Demulcent FAM: Euphorbiaceae
CON: Curcin
LINSEED OIL USE: Emetic
LN: Oleum linii Purgative
EN: linseed oil Use in soaps & candles
SYN: Flaxseed oil
PU: Oil
NO: Linum usitatissimum
FAM: Linaceae
CON: Fixed oils
Mucilage
Protein
USE: Demulcent
B. NON-DRYING OILS

CASHEW NUT COTTONSEED OIL SESAME OIL

LN: Anacardium LN: Oleum gossipi seminis LN: Oleum sesami
EN: Cashew nut EN: Cottonseed oil EN: Sesame oil
SYN: Casoy Oil of the cottonseed SYN: Pil oil
Kasui SYN: Absorbent cotton Teel oil
Balubad Hydrofilo Gingelly oil
PU: Fruits Algodon Benne oil
Gum resin Gapas PU: Oil (ripe seeds)
NO: Anacardium occidentale PU: Oil (ripe seeds) NO: Sesamum orientale
FAM: Anacardiaceae NO: Gossypium herbaceum Sesamum indicum
CON: Cardol Gossypium hirsutum FAM: Pedaliaceae
Tannin Gossypium barbadense CON: Sesamol
Reddish oil FAM: Malvaceae Sesamin
USE: Antidairrheal CON: Fixed oil USE: Emollient
Treatment of leprosy USE: Emollient Nutritive

COCONUT OLIVE OIL SWEET ALMOND

LN: Cocos LN: Oleum olivae LN: Amygdala dulces
EN: Coconut EN: Olive oil EN: Sweet almond
SYN: Coco plum SYN: Sweet oil SYN: Jordan almond
Coco Olivenol Almendra dulce
Cocotero Aceite de olivo Greek nut
Niyog PU: Oil (ripe seeds) PU: Ripe seeds
Lubi NO: Olea europoea NO: Prunus amygdalus
PU: Fruits FAM: Oleaceae dulcis
Leaves CON: Fixed oil FAM: Rosaceae
Barks USE: Emollient CON: Fixed oil
NO: Cocos nucifera Laxatives Protein
FAM: Palmae Emulsin
CON: Fatty acids PEANUT OIL USE: Demulcent
Starch LN: Oleum arachidis Nutritive
Tannins EN: Peanut oil
USE: Diuretic SYN: Arachidis oil THEOBROMA OIL
Groundnut oil LN: Oleum theobromatis
COCONUT OIL PU: Refined fixed oil EN: Theobroma oil
LN: Oleum cocos (expressed from cotyledons) SYN: Cacao butter
EN: Coconut oil NO: Arachidis hypogea Manteca de cacao
Oil of the coconut FAM: Leguminoseae PU: Oil
SYN: Coco oil CON: Fixed oil (expressed from seeds)
Coco palm oil USE: Emollient NO: Theobroma cacao
Lana de lubi Demulcent FAM: Sterculiaceae
PU: Oil Solvent for diluents of CON: Fixed oil
NO: Cocos nucifera injectable drugs USE: Emollient
FAM: Palmae Excipients
CON: Palmitic acid SESAME SEED Base in suppositories
Oleic acid LN: Semen sesami
USE: Liniment EN: Sesame seed
Sesamum
CORN OIL SYN: Lunga
LN: Oleum maydis Linga
EN: Corn oil PU: Seeds
SYN: Maize oil NO: Sesamum orientale
Maisol Sesamum indicum
PU: Refined fixed oil FAM: Pedaliaceae
(expressed from embryo) CON: Fixed oil
NO: Zea mays USE: Emollient
FAM: Graminae Nutritive
CON: Fixed oil
USE: Emollient
Demulcent
Solvent for diluents of
injectable drugs
HONEY SPERMACETI SQUASH
LN: Mel LN: Cetaceum LN: Pepo
EN: Honey EN: Spermaceti EN: Squash
SYN: Clarified honey SYN: Sperm whale SYN: Pumpkin seed
Miel Cachalot calabasa
Mel depuratum PU: Waxy substance Semilla de calabasa
PU: Saccharine substance (head of the sperm whale) PU: Dried ripe seeds
deposited in honeycomb NO: Physeter NO: Cucurbita pepo
of bees macrocephalus FAM: Cucurbitaceae
NO: Apis mellifera FAM: Physeteridae CON: Fixed oil
FAM: Apidae CON: Cetin Protein
CON: Volatile oil USE: Base for ointments Starch
Mucilage & cerates USE: Anthelmintic
Sugar Taenifuge
Dextrose WOOLFAT
Formic acid LN: Adeps lanae HORSE-RADISH TREE
Wax EN: Wool fat LN: Moringa
USE: Demulcent SYN: Refined wool fat EN: Horse-radish tree
Laxatives Lanolin anhydrous SYN: Mercedes tree
Base for syrups PU: Purified anhydrous Malunggay
Fat-like substance Kalamunggay
WHITE WAX (Wool of the sheep) Kamunggay
LN: Cera flava NO: Ovis aries Barunggay
EN: White wax FAM: Bovidae PU: Seeds
SYN: Beeswax CON: Fatty acids Leaves
Yellow beeswax cholesterol Barks
PU: Purified honeycomb USE: Base for ointments Roots
of the bees & cerates NO: Moringa olifeira
NO: Apis mallifera FAM: Moringaceae
FAM: Apidae ENTADA CON: Iron
CON: Cerin LN: Entada Calcium
Alcohol EN: Gogo Protein
Hydrocarbons SYN: Balonos Phosphorus
Myricyl palmitate Ballogo USE: Galactogogues
USE: Base for ointments, Baunos
Plasters & cerates PU: Seeds
Leaves
LARD Stems
LN: Adeps Barks
EN: Lard NO: Entada phaseoloides
SYN: Pig’s lard Entada scandens
Hog’s lard FAM: Leguminoseae
Manteca CON: Saponin
PU: Internal part Fixed oil
(abdomen of hog) USE: Fish poison
NO: Sus scrofa var. Hair growth stimulant
domesticus gray Antirheumatic
FAM: Suidae
CON: Olein
Palmitin
Stearin
USE: Emollient
Base for ointment
& cerates
VOLATILE OILS

A. ALDEHYDES B. ALCOHOL

BITTER ALMOND ROSE GERANIUM ABSINTHE

LN: Amygdala amara LN: Pelargonium LN: Crossostephium
EN: Bitter almond EN: Rose geranium EN: Absinth
SYN: Almendra amara SYN: Malvarosa SYN: Ahenho/Ajenjo
PU: Ripe seeds Balbarosa PU: Leaves & tops
NO: Prunus amygdalus PU: Dried leaves NO: Crossostephium
amara NO: Pelargonium chinense
FAM: Rosaceae graveolens FAM: Compositae
CON: Volatile oil FAM: Goraniaceae CON: Volatile oil
Amygdalin CON: Volatile oil Absinthol
USE: Source of bitter almond Borneol Absinthine
oil Citroneol USE: Aromatic bath
USE: Astringent Carminative
BITTER ORANGE PEEL Emmenagogue
LN: Aurantii amari cortex CEYLON CINNAMON
EN: Bitter orange peel LN: Cinnamomum CAMOMILE/CHAMOMILE
SYN: Wild orange peel zeylanicum LN: Chrysanthemum
Corteza de naranja EN: Ceylon cinnamon EN: False chamomile
Laranha SYN: True cinnamon SYN : Roman chamomile
Amarga Cortex cinnamon Garden chamomile
Buungon Kalingag Winter aster
Lukban Kaningag Ground apple
PU: Dried rind (unripe fruit) PU: dried inner bark Mother’s daisy
NO: Citrus aurantium NO: Cinnamomum Whig plant
FAM: Rutaceae zeylanicum Rosas de Japon
CON: Volatile oil FAM: Lauraceae Manzanilla
USE: Hemostatic CON: Volatile oil Dolontes
Eugenol PU: Flower heads
LEMON PEEL Cinnamic aldehayde Leaves
LN: Lemonis cortex USE: Astringent NO: Chrysanthemum
EN: Lemon peel indicum
SYN: Lemoncito SAIGON CINNAMON Chrysanthemum
PU: Outer rind LN: Cinnamomum sinense
(fresh ripe fruit) saigonicum FAM: Compositae
NO: Citrus limon EN: Saigon cinnamon CON: Volatile oil
FAM: Rutaceae SYN: China cinnamon Chrysanthenine
CON: Volatile oil God’s cinnamon Chrysantherone
USE: Hemostatic Saigon cassia USE: Preparation for
Stimulant PU: Dried inner bark Eyewash
Stomachic NO: Cinnamomum Antifungal
Falvoring agent Saigonicum Antiviral
Cinnamomum laurentii Analgesics
SWEET ORANGE PEEL FAM: Lauraceae Antipyretics
LN: Aurantii dulcis cortex CON: Volatile oil
EN: Sweet orange peel USE: Astringent CARDAMOM SEED
SYN: Orange peel LN: Cardamomi semen
Chinese orange peel EN: Cardamom seed
PU: Dried rind (unripe fruit) SYN: Cardamomum
NO: Citrus sinensis Cardamom
FAM: Rutaceae Cardamomo
CON: Volatile oil Amomum
hesperidin Elletaria
USE: Hemostatic PU: Dried seeds
NO: Elletaria cardamomum
FAM: Zingiberaceae
CON: Volatile oil
USE: Adjuvant
Flavoring agent
CHENOPODIUM MAYANA NGAI CAMPHOR PLANT
LN: Chenopodium LN: Coleus blumei LN: Blumea
EN: Goosefoots EN: Coleus EN: Ngai camphor plant
SYN: American wormseed Painted nettle SYN: Sambong
Stinking seed SYN: Mayana Gabon
Mexican tea Malaina PU: Flowering tops
Alpasotes Daponaya Leaves
PU: Fruit Dafronaya NO: Blumea balsamifera
NO: Chenopodium Taponaya FAM: Compositae
ambrosioides Ahijado CON: Sambong oil
FAM: Chenopodoaceae PU: Seeds Ngai-camphor oil
CON: Volatile oil Leaves USE: Aromatic bath
USE: Anthelmintic Barks Antidiarrheal
NO: Coleus blumei Analgesics
Coleus grandifolius Antipyretics
HYPTIS FAM: Labiatae Anti-inflammatory
LN: Hyptis CON: Volatile oil Carminative
EN: Bush tea USE: Analgesics Diuretic
Bush mints Anti-inflammatory Stomachic
SYN: Balangsit Carminative
Babangsik Stomachic OREGANO
Bawing pilado As poultice for sprains LN: Coleus aromaticus
Suub kabayo & bruises EN: Oregano
Loko-loko As eye drops in SYN: Calabo
PU: Leaves inflammation Clavo
Barks Suganda
Roots MINTH Latai/Latay
NO: Hyptis suaveolens poir LN: Mentha Toringil de lemon
FAM: Labiatae EN: Minth Wild marjoram
CON: Volatile oil SYN: Wild mint PU: Leaves
USE: Aomatic bath Corn mint NO: Coleus aromaticus
Emmenagogue Bergamot mint Coleus amboinicus
*Yerba buena Oreganum vulgare
LAVENDER PU: Leaves & tops FAM: Labiatae
LN: Lavandula NO: Mentha arvensis CON: Volatile oil
EN: Lavender Menthe longifolia USE: Aromatic bath
SYN: Lavender flower * Clinopodium douglasii Carminative
Garden lavender FAM: Labiatae Diaphoretic
Lavande CON: Volatile oil Emmenagogue
Espliego USE: Carminative Stimulant
Espigol Condiment Tonic
PU: Dried leaves
NO: Lavandula vera MUGWORT PATCHOULI
Lavandula angustifolia LN: Artemisia LN: Pogostemon
FAM: Labiatae EN: Mugwort EN: Patchouly
CON: Volatile oil SYN: Motherwort SYN: Patchouli/Pachouli
Geraniol Maidenwort Kabling
Lineol Felon herb Kaplum
Alcohol Common Wormseed PU: Leaves
USE: Antiseptic Cordon de San Jose NO: Pogostemon cablin
Anti-inflammatory Damong Maria FAM: Labiatae
Stimulant Gilbas CON: Volatile oil
Hilbas Patchouli oil
PU: Leaves & tops USE: Analgesic
NO: Artemisia vulgaris In perfumery
FAM: Compositae
CON: Volatile oil
Aldehyde
Flavonoid
Cineol
Thujone
USE: Carminative
Emmenagogue
 C. HYDROCARBONS

PEPPERMINT CELERY FRUIT TURPENTINE

LN: Mentha piperita LN: Apii fructus LN: Terebinthina
EN: Peppermint EN: Celery fruit EN: Turpentine
SYN: Peppermint herb SYN: Celery seed SYN: Turpentine balsam
Brandy mint Kinchai Turpentine oil
Lamb mint Kintsai Gum turpentine
PU: Dried leaves Fruta de apio Crude turpentine
Dried flowering tops PU: Ripe fruit Lump turpentine
NO: Mentha piperita Leaves Canadian balsam
FAM: Labiatae NO: Apium graveolens Gum thus
CON: Volatile oil FAM: Apiaceae Turpentina de pino
Menthol Umbelliferae Therebinthina
Resin CON: Volatile oil communis
Tannin USE: Antispasmodic PU: Concrete oleoresin
USE: Carminative Carminative NO: Pinus palustris
Emmenagogue FAM: Pinaceae
ROSEMARY Stimulant CON: Resin
LN: Rosmarinus Flavoring agent Volatile oil
EN: Rosemary Pinic acid
SYN: Garden rosemary PEPPER Sylvic acid
Rosemarin LN: Piper USE: Stimulant
Romero EN: Black pepper Base for plasters
PU: Dried leaves SYN: Pepper
NO: Rosmarinus officinalis Pepper corn
FAM: Labiatae Pimienta
CON: Volatile oil Pimienta negra
USE: Carminative PU: Dried unripe fruit
NO: Piper nigrum
VETIVER FAM: Piperaceae
LN: Vetivera CON: Volatile oil
EN: vetiver USE: Carminative
SYN: Maras Stomachic
Tres maras
Rais de moras RESIN
Anis de moras LN: Resina
Amoora EN: Resin
PU: Dried roots SYN: Rosin
NO: Andropogon zizanoides Pine rosin
Andropogon muricatus Pez griega
Vetiver zizanoides Colophony
FAM: Graminae Colofonia
CON: Volatile oil PU: Residue left after the
Vetiver oil distillation of crude oleoresin
Khus oil NO: Pinus palustris
USE: Lithotriptic FAM: Pinaceae
CON: Resin
Volatile oil
Abietic acid
Pinic acid
Sylvic acid
USE: Base for ointments,
cerates & plasters
D. PHENOL ESTER

ANISE EUCALYPTUS SWEET BAY

LN: Anisum LN: Eucalyptus LN: Laurus
EN: Anise EN: Eucalyptus EN: Sweey bay
SYN: Aniseed SYN: Eucalypts SYN: Bay laurel
Fructo de anis Blue gum leaves True laurel
Simiento de anis Australian fever tree Laurel noble
PU: Dried ripe fruit Iron bark tree Laurus communis
NO: Pimpinella anisum Blue gum leaves PU: Berries
FAM: Umbelliferae Gum wood Leaves
CON: Volatile oil Hoja de eucalypto NO: Laurus nobilis
USE: Carminative PU: Dried scythe-shaped FAM: Lauraceae
Stomachic leaves CON: Laurestearine
Flavoring agent NO: Euacalyptus globulus USE: Stimulant
FAM: Myrtaceae
CAMPHOR CON: Volatile oil
LN: Camphora Eucalyptic acid
EN: Camphor USE: Antiseptic
SYN: Gum camphor Carminative
Laurel camphor Stimulant
Alcamphor
PU: Crystalline product PIMENTA
(flowers, fruits, leaves, barks) LN: Pimenta
NO: Cinnamomum EN: Allspice
camphora SYN: Myrtle pepper
FAM: Lauraceae Newspice
CON: camphoric acid Pimento
USE: Stimulant Pimenta dulce
Insect repellant & flea- Pimenta gorda
killing substance Pimenta dela Jamaica
PU: Dried ripe fruit
NO: Pimenta officinalis
CLOVE FAM: Myrtaceae
LN: Caryophyllus CON: Volatile oil
EN: Clove USE: Carminative
SYN: Clavo de espicia Stomachic
PU: Dried flower beads Flavoring agent
NO: Jambosa caryophyllus
Syzygium aromaticum STAR ANISE
Eugenia aromaticum LN: Illicium
Eugenia caryophyllat EN: Star anise
FAM: Myrtaceae SYN: Chinese anise
CON: Volatile oil Fructus anise
Caryophylline Badain
Eugenol Badiane
USE: Carminative Badiana
Flavoring agent Sanke
Local anesthetic Stellato
PU: Dried ripe fruit
NO: Illicium verum
FAM: Magnoliaceae
CON: Volatile oil
Anethol
USE: Carminative
E. OTHER VOLATILE OILS

ANGELICA GARLIC PREMNA

LN: Bryophyllum LN: Allium LN: Premna
EN: Angelica EN: Garlic EN: Premna
SYN: Airplant SYN: Poor man’s treacle SYN: Fragrant premna
Miracle plant Ahos Alagaw
Live-laef-of- Bawang Abgau
resurrection PU: Undried bulbs Adgau
Balangbang NO: Allium sativum aggau
Halilika FAM: Alliaceae Adiyo
Katakataka CON: Allin PU: Flowers
Karitana Sulfur Leaves
Lapak-lapak Sugar (fresh or dried)
PU: Entire plant Little fixed oil NO: Premna odorata blanco
Leaves USE: Analgesics FAM: Verbenaceae
NO: Bryophyllum pinnatum Antihypertensive CON: Volatile oil
FAM: Crassulaceae Antibacterial USE: Antiseptic
CON: Tannin Antiviral Carminative
Mucilage Antifungal Condiment
Water Cardiovascular remedy Sudorific
USE: For dysuria Diuretic
For toothache, boils & SAMPAGUITA
mumps LEMON GRASS LN: Jasminum
As poultice in sprains, LN: Andropogon citratus EN: Sampaguita
eczema, infections & EN: Lemon grass SYN: Arabian jasmine
burns SYN: Tanglad Kampupot
Ginger grass Sambac
FIVE-LEAVES CHASTE TREE Sweet rush Manul
LN: Vitex Zacate lemon PU: Flowers
EN: Five-leaves chaste tree Paja de meca NO: Jasminum sambac
SYN: Lagundi Salai/Sai FAM: Oleaceae
Dangla Salaid CON: Volatile oil
Kamalan Balioko USE: Eyewash
Turagay Barani Galactagogues
Huang Ching PU: Leaves
Agno-castro Roots
PU: Leaves NO: Andropogon citratus
Tops FAM: Graminae
Barks CON: Lemon grass oil
Seeds USE: Antihypertensive
NO: Vitex negundo Diuretic
FAM: Verbenacea Flavoring agent
CON: Volatile oil In the manufacture of
Resin shampoo & in
Glucoside perfumery
Alkaloids
Lichen acid LOVE GRASS
USE: Analgesic LN: Andropogon aciculataus
Antipyretic EN: Love grass
Antitussive SYN: Golden beadgrass
antiasthma Amor-seco
Aroamtic bath after Mariscos
Childbirth Marisekos
Antidote (poison bites) Lakut-lapas
Tinloi
PU: Entire plant
NO: Andropogon aciculatus
FAM: Graminae
CON: Tannin
Erisin
USE: Antidiarrheal
Diuretic
RESINOUS PRODUCTS

CANNABIS CHINESE UMBRELLA TREE GINGER

LN: Cannabis LN: Melia LN: Zingiber
EN: Cannabis EN: Chinese umbrella tree EN: Ginger
SYN: East Indian hemp SYN: Pride of India SYN: Jengibre
Indian hay China berry Jenibre
St. Andrew’s lace Bead tree Luy-a
Mary woman Paraiso luuya
Maryjane PU: Fruits PU: Dried rhizomes
Marijuana Flowers NO: Zingiber officinale
Green Goddess Leaves FAM: Zingiberaceae
Gallow grass NO: Melia Azedarach CON: Resin
Devil’s weed FAM: Meliaceae Gingerol
Upper w eed CON: Margosin Starch
Locoweed Margosa oil USE: Aromatic stimulant
Stick Azedarine Carminative
Joint USE: Bitter tonic Stomachic
Hemp Vermifuge
Hash Wound wash MANGO
Hashish LN: Mangifera
Grass COMMON MILK HEDGE EN: Mango
Reekers SYN: Mangga
Muggle LN: Euphorbia nerifolia PU: Fruits
Pot EN: Common milk hedge Leaves
Griffo SYN: Soro-soro Barks
Ganjah Sudu-sudu Roots
Guasa PU: Leaves NO: Mangifera indica
Cañamo Latex FAM: Anacardiaceae
Bangue Stems CON: Resin
Bhang Roots Tannin
Damu NO: Euphorbia nerifolia Tartaric acid
Mu FAM: Euphorbiaceae Sugar
PU: Flowering tops of the CON: Resin USE: Astringent
pistillate Euphorbin Diuretic
NO: Cannabis sativa USE: Analgesic Gargle for thrush
FAM: Moraceae Anti-inflammatory As tea
CON: Cannabine Laxative
Cannabinol MANGOSTEEN
Cannabigerol DERRIS LN: Garcinia
Cannabinolic acid LN: Derris EN: Mangosteen
USE: Analgesic EN: Derris SYN: Mangostan
Nervous stimulant SYN: East Indian fish poison Manggis
Tuba root PU: Fruits
CHICO Tubling pula Leaves
LN: Achras Tubli Barks
EN: Chico PU: Stems NO: Garcinia mangostana
SYN: Chicu Roots FAM: Guttiferae
Sapodilla (dried subterranean) CON: Resin
PU: Fruits NO: Derris elliptica Tannin
Barks Derris philippinensis Margosine
NO: Achras sapota FAM: Leguminoseae USE: Antidiarrheal
FAM: Sapotaceae CON: Rotenone Gargle for thrush
CON: Saponin Resin
Gum Starch
Tannin USE: Insecticide
USE: Antipyretic Ingredient for insect
Antidiarrheal Spray
In the manufacture
chewing gum
MIMUSOPS
LN: Mimusops
EN: Mimusops
SYN: Tisa
Bansalagin
Kabiki
PU: Fruits
Flowers
Seeds
Barks of the trunks
NO: Mimusops elengi
FAM: Sapotaceae
CON: Saponin
USE: Antipyretic
Astringent
Antidiarrheal
Antacid

STICKTREE
LN: Euphorbia tirucalli
EN: Stick tree
SYN: Milk hedge
Pobreng kahoy
Sulda-sulda
consuelda
PU: stems
Latex
NO: Euphorbia tirucalli
FAM: Euphorbiaceae
CON: Resin
Euphorbin
USE: As poultice for bone
fracture & insect bites
ALKALOIDS

A. PURINE

ALSTONIA CALABAR BEAN COLA

LN: Alstonia LN: Physostigma LN: Kola
EN: Alstonia EN: Calabar bean EN: Cola
SYN: Australian bitter bark SYN: Ordeal bean SYN: Colan
Australian fever bark Chop nut Sudan coffee
Australian quinine bark Haba del calabar Semilla de cola
Blackboard tree PU: Ripe seeds Nuez de cola
Indian devil’s tree NO: Physostigma Gooroo nut
Devil’s tree venenosum Bichy nut
Milky pine FAM: Leguminosae Bissy-bissy nut
Milk wood pine CON: Physostigmine PU: Dried cotyledons
Dita bark Calabarine NO: Cola acuminata
Dirita Eseridine Cola nitida
Dita Fixed oil FAM: Sterculiaceae
Bita USE: (poisonous) CON: Colatine
PU: Barks Myotic Coal red
NO: Alstonia scholaris USE: CNS stimulant
Echites scholaris CASUARINA Diuretic
FAM: Apocynaceae LN: Casuarina
CON: Ditane EN: Casuarina ROASTED COFFEE
Ditanine SYN: Iron tree LN: Coffee tosta
Ditamine Iron wood EN: Roasted coffee
Echitenine Queensland SYN: Toasted coffee
Echitamine Swamp oak Coffee beans
USE: Analgesic Maribohok Coffee seeds
Astringent Malabohok Café
Antimalarial Mahabok Kaffee
Agaso PU: Dried ripe seeds
ANGEL’S TRUMPET Agoso (roasted)
LN: Datura PU: Barks NO: Coffea arabica
EN: Angel’s trumpet NO: Casuarina Equisetifolia Coffea liberica
SYN: Trumpet flower FAM: Casuarinaceae Coffea robusta
Talampunay CON: Casuarine FAM: Rubiaceae
Talong-punai Tannin CON: Caffeine
Kachiobong USE: Astringent Caffeol
Katiobong Antidiarrheal USE: CNS stimulant
Trumfeta Ecbolic Diuretic
PU: Flowers Suforific
Leaves COCOA BEAN
NO: Datura alba LN: Semen theobromatis STAVESACRE
Datura metel EN: Cocoa bean LN: Staphisagria
Datura fastuosa SYN: Cocoa seed EN: Stavesacre
FAM: Solanaceae Cacao seed SYN: Semen pedicularis
CON: Atropine PU: Dried ripe seeds Lark spur herb
Daturine NO: Theobroma cacao Staves acre
Scopolamine FAM: Sterculiaceae PU: Ripe seeds
Hyoscyamine CON: Theobromine NO: Delphinium
USE: Antiasthma Fixed oil staphisagria
Mydriatic USE: CNS stimulant FAM: Ranunculaceae
Narcotic Diuretic CON: Staphisagrine
Emollient Delphinine
Excipient Delphisine
vasodilator USE: (poisonous)
Cardiac depressant
Vermifuge
Parasiticide
 B. PYRIDINE-
PIPERIDINE
TEA BETELNUT
LN: Thea LN: Areca
EN: Tea
EN: Betel nut
SYN: Tea leaves SYN: Areca nut
Thee
Areca seed
The Semen arecae
Tsa
Bunga
Tsaa Bua
Cha PU: Seeds
PU: Dried leaves
NO: Areca catechu
NO: Thea sinensis FAM: Palmae
FAM: Theaceae
CON: Arecoline
CON: Theine Arecaidine
Theophylline Arecolic acid
USE: Stimulant
USE: Astringent
Purgative
TOBACCO
Vermifuge
LN: Nicotiana
EN: Tobacco
LOBELIA
SYN: Tabaco LN: Lobelia
Tabacu EN: Lobelia
Tabaku
SYN: Indian tobacco
PU: Leaves Wild tobacco
NO: Nicotiana tabacum
Asthma weed
FAM: Solanaceae Emetic weed
CON: Nicotine Pukeweed
Tar
Eye-bright
HCN PU: Dried leaves &
USE: Insecticide
flowering tops
NO: Lobelia inflata
FAM: Lobeliaceae
CON: Lobelianine
Lobelic acid
Inflatin
USE: Antiasthma

POMEGRANATE
LN: Granatum
EN: Pomegranate
SYN: Pomegranate bark
Punic apple
Garnet apple
Corteza de Granada
PU: Dried bark of the stems
Fruits
Roots
NO: Punica granatum
FAM: Punicaceae
Granataceae
CON: Pelletierine
Isopelletierine
Methylpelletierine
USE: Anthelmintic
Taenifuge
C. TROPANE

BELLADONNA LEAVES HENBANE

LN: Belladonna folia LN: Hyoscyamus
EN: Belladonna leaves EN: Henbane
SYN: Deadly nightshade SYN: Stinking nightshade
leaves Henbane
Sleeping nightshade Henbell
Death’s herb Poison tobacco
Black cherry Insane root
Hoja de belladonna Peleno
PU: Dried leaves PU: Dried leaves
Fruiting & flowering Flowering tops
tops NO: Hyoscyamus niger
NO: Atropa belladonna FAM: Solanaceae
FAM: Solanaceae CON: Atropine
CON: Atropine Hyoscine
Hyoscine Hyoscyamine
Hyoscyamine Scopolamine
Scopolamine USE: (poisonous)
USE: Analgesic Analgesic
Anesthetic Carminative
Laxative
BELLADONNA ROOTS
LN: Belladonna radix THORN APPLE
EN: Belladonna root LN: Stramonium
SYN: Deadly nightshade EN: Thorn apple
Root SYN: Devil’s trumpet
Raiz de belladonna Devil’s weed
Belladama Jimson weed
PU: Dried root James town weed
NO: Atropa belladonna Locoweed
FAM: Solanaceae Stinkweed
CON: Atropine Estramonium
Hyoscine PU: Dried leaves
Hyoscyamine Flowering tops
Scopolamine NO: Datura stramonium
USE: Analgesic FAM: Solanaceae
anaesthetic CON: Daturine
Resin
COCA Volatile oil
LN: Coca USE: (poisonous)
EN: Coca Analgesic
SYN: Truxillo coca Anesthetic
Huanuco coca
Java coca

SLANG NAMES:
Coke
Candy
Charlie
Girl
Snow
PU: Dried leaves
NO: Erythroxyllon coca
FAM: Erythroxylaceae
CON: Cocaine
USE: Analgesic
Local anesthetic
Mydriatic
Nerve stimulant
D. QUINOLONE

IPECAC RED CINCHONA

LN: Ipecacuanha LN: Cinchona rubra
EN: Ipecac EN: Red cinchona
SYN: Ipecacuanha radix SYN: Red bark
Cartagena ipecac Red Peruvian bark
Rio ipecac Quina roja
Raiz de ipecacuanha PU: Dried barks
PU: Dried roots NO: Cinchona succirubra
NO: Cephaelis ipecacuanha FAM: Rubiaceae
Cephaelis acuminata CON: Cinchonine
FAM: Rubiaceae Cinchonidine
CON: Cephaeline Cinchotannic acid
Ipecacuanhic acid Hydroquinine
Emetine Quinic acid
Starch USE: Antipyretic
USE: Diaphoretic Antimalarial
Expectorant Ecbolic
Emetic
YELLOW CINCHONA
OPIUM LN: Cinchona Flava
LN: Opium EN: Yellow cinchona
EN: Opium SYN: Yellow Peruvian bark
SYN: Gum opium Saint Ann’s bark
Succus thebaicus Jesuits bark
Meconium thebaicum Calisaya
Lachryma papaveris Quina calisaya
PU: Milky exudates PU: Dried barks
(unripe capsules) NO: Cinchona calisaya
NO: Papaver somniferum FAM: Rubiaceae
FAM: Papaveraceae CON: Cinchonine
CON: Morphine Cinchonidine
USE: Analgesic Cinchotannic acid
Emollient Hydroquinine
Sedative Quinic acid
Somnifacient USE: Antipyretic
Animallarial
POPPY FRUIT Ecbolic
LN: Papaveris fructus
EN: Poppy fruit
SYN: Poppy capsules
Marble flower
Cabesas de amapola
Cabesas de
adormideras
PU: Dried fully grown
unripe fruit
NO: Papaver somniferum
FAM: Papaveraceae
CON: Codeine
Morphine
Narcotine
USE: Sedative
Somnifacient
E. INDOLE F. IMIDAZOLE

ERGOT STRYCHNINE TREE PILOCARPUS

LN: Ergota LN: Nux vomica LN: Pilocarpus
EN: Ergot EN: Strychnine Tree EN: Pilocarpus
SYN: Ergor fungi SYN: Dog’s button SYN: Jaborandi
Rye ergot Quaker’s button Hoja de jaborandi
Ergot of rye Bachelor’s button PU: Dried leaflets
Spurred rye Dog poison NO: Pilocarpus jaborandi
Secale cornutum Poison nut FAM: Rutaceae
Cornezuelo de centeno Semen Strynchnos CON: Pilocarpine
PU: carefully dried Ratabane USE: Myotic
Sclerotium Nuez vomica
(develops from Nuez de Igasu
flowering grass or PU: Dried ripe seeds
cereals) NO: Strychnos nux vomica
NO: Claviceps purpurea FAM: Loganiaceae
FAM: Hypocreaceae CON: Strychnine
CON: Ergotine Brucine
Ergotinine Loganine
Ergotamine USE: Bitter tonic
Ergotaxime Bitter stomachic
Ergosine Spinal stimulant
Ergonovine Motor stimulant
sclerorythrin
USE: ecbolic

IGNATIA
LN: Ignatia
EN: Ignatia
SYN: Saint Ignatius bean
Ignatia amara
Hoja de San Ignacio
Katbalonga
Pepita
Igasud
PU: Dried ripe seeds
NO: Strychnos ignatia
Strychnos philippense
FAM: Loganiaceae
CON: Strychnine
Brucine
Loganine
USE: Bitter tonic
Bitter stomachic
Spinal stimulant
Motor stimulant
ENZYMES ORGANIC ACIDS

A. ANIMAL DRUGS:

RENNIN BUTTERFLY PLANT

LN: Renninum LN: Bauhinia
EN: Rennin EN: Butterfly plant
PU: Partially purified milk- SYN: Alibangbang
curding enzymes Alambangbang
(glandular layer of the PU: Leaves
stomach of the calf) Barks
NO: Bos Taurus NO: Bauhinia malabarica
FAM: Bovidae FAM: Leguminosae
CON: Rennin CON: Calcium oxalate
Enzyme Oxalic acid
USE: Digestant Tartaric acid
Tannin
PEPSIN Iron
LN: Pepsinum
EN: Pepsin CUCUMBER TREE
PU: Enzymes LN: Averrhoa balimbi
(glandular layer of the EN: Cucumber tree
fresh stomach of the SYN: Kamias
hog) kalamiyas
NO: Sus scrofa domesticus Iba
gray Pias
FAM: Suidae PU: Fruits
CON: Pepsin NO: Averrhoa balimbi
Enzyme FAM: Oxalidaceae
USE: Digestant CON: Oxalic acid
Potassium oxalate
USE: Condiment
B. VEGETABLE DRUG: Sialogogues
Stain remover
PAPAYA
LN: Carica STAR FRUIT
EN: Papau LN: Averrhoa carambola
SYN: Papaw tree EN: Star fruit
Papaya SYN: Balimbing
Papayas Balimbin
Kapaya Garnate
Kapayas Garahan
Tapayas PU: Fruits
PU: Fruits NO: Averrhoa carambola
Seeds FAM: Oxalidaceae
Leaves CON: Oxalic acid
Latex USE: Condiment
NO: Carica papaya Sialogogues
FAM: Caricaceae Stain remover
CON: Papain
Papoid
Papayotin
USE: Digestant
Meat tenderizer
Anti-inflammatory