METHODOLOGY

CONSTRUCTION OF FOOTING & SUB STRUCTURE

FOR MAJOR AND MINOR BRIDGES

The existing road consists of Major & Minor Bridge of numbers of Location and
having width of two lane Traffic movement. In the Proposed four lane road the Major
& Minor Bridge Construction work involves:-

1. New Construction of major Bridge

2. Reonstruction of minor Bridge and dismantling of Existing Minor Bridge
3. Part widening of Minor Bridges

The construction of Major and Minor Bridge Planned in a very systematic manner.
With out obstruction the read Traffic movement. Before start the construction activity
on site necessary traffic control and safety measure would be taken in to
consideration.

1. PRELIMINARY SURVEY AND SETTING OUT BRIDGE

Joint survey with the Engineer will be done check
1. The condition and type of Existing minor Bridge
2. Setting out the center line of proposed Bridges as per Good for Construction
drawing and fixing of control Pillar at each Bridge location.
3. Differences of proposed and existing Centerline of Pier & Abutments.
4. Ground level in gird pattern.
5. Preparation of Traffic movement / Diversion (if any) will be consultation with
the Engineer representative and Submit to the Engineer for their approval for
individual Minor / Major Bridge.
2. FORM WORK
The shuttering plates for form work will be made out of structural steel of
suitable size for easy and Multiple use. Proper Supporting arrangements and
designed and drawing will be submitted to Engineer for approval is advance
before pouring the concrete.

3. REINFORCEMENT:
Reinforcement from approved Manufacture will brought and stack at
centralised steel stacking yard at elevated Pillars to avoid rusting. The all
reinforcement cut and Bend at centralised steel yard as per approved bar
bending schedule. The all cut Bend Bar as per requirement to be transported at
site location by tailor/Dumper. Tractor & Trolley. The Bars to be fixed at
location as per drawing and main location spacing with in tolerance limits and
cover blocks will be provided for maintaining the required cover to the Bars.

4. CONCRETE:
Automatic Batch type concrete Batching Plant will be use for the preparation of
concrete. The concrete will be transport to location by transit mixer and
placing of concrete will be done by Chute/Crane & Buckets/Concrete Pumps as
per site requirement .Compaction of concrete will be done by niddle vibrator
High frequency vibrator & finish the surface by masons Construction Joint will
be proposed by Hand tools.

CURING:
The concrete shall be curved by water wrapped Hessian cloths walls, Pier
& vertical numbers and By pending an Flat portion. All major Bridge site have
 the water tank of capacity of 20,000 Lits and full water supply proof system to
provide required water supply at each pier location. At Minor Bridge location
water will be supply by water tankers attached with water pumps

5. ACTUAL CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY

After Getting the Good for construction drawings the actual Construction of
Major Bridge & Minor Bridges will be taken up.

A-SAFETY /DIVERSION OF TRAFFIC

The existing road side of major bridge /minor bridge will be barricade, Putting
the balli having G.I sheets & replacing tape sport over it for night vision. It will
be ensured that no authorized person should enter in the workly area. The
existing or second side of major /minor bridge construction will be taken up
only after diverting the traffic on newly Construction Bridge.

All line during construction of bridge the road width for two lane traffic
movement will be maintained open.

B- FOUNDATION/RAFT/FOOTINGS
1. The layout marking will be done using the line powder and fixing the
wooden betted pegs with of total station.
2. The original ground level will be recorded in grid pattern using auto
levels
3. After recording ground levels the excavation will be carried out to be full
depth of Required founding levels and line using the excavator/manually as
per site condition. Excavator will carried out in a line of suitable slope to
retain the Earth from the adjoining structure, if slope is not possible the step
cutting/strutting showering will be some to retain the earth.
4. Dismantling (if required) of existing major /Minor bridge will be carried
out using hand tool, Jack hammer filled with or with compressor or the
krup hammer fitted to excavator/JCB
5. Where cofferdam is required, there shall be carried out to adequate
depth/heights.
6. Pumping from interior of any foundation will be done is such a manner
as to prelude the possibility of movement of water through any frush
concrete.
7. After completing the excavation frit dressing will be done manually and
compaction will be done by hammer after dewatering if any pocket
appears will be filled by sand/m-15 concrete.
8. After compaction the foundation level will be recorded jointly
9. Formwork will fixed and properly support in true line & levels will be
tolerance limits and satisfaction of the Engineer.
10.The PCC of required grade of approved mix design will be manufacture
at batching plant under the supervision of QC Engineer and transported
at site by transit mixer and concrete will be placed by chute/manually
arrangement as per site condition.
11.The concrete will be compacted an leveled to required line & Levels
using the niddle Vibrator
12.Concrete PCC shall be cured by sprinkle, wet Hessian cloths or
pounding of entire surface for three days.
13.After 3 days curing of PCC the fabricated reinforcement as per approved
Bar bending schedule will be placed & tied with binding wire. The lap
length of bar as per GFC & spacer /chair will be provided as required.
14.The clean formwork with applied shuttering oil will be fixed by nut&
bolt to each other and supported with proper/piped suitable mean. The
 form work will be fixed in structural dimension of raft /Footing with in
the tolerance limits.
15.The country will be poured after recorder of reinforcement and checking
of form work. The method of pouring & compacted will be same as
specified above.
16.The concrete of footing /Raft shall be curved by water pounding or
sprinkling water on lesion cloth to keep wet full day. The caring of
raft/Footing will concrete up to 14 days from date casting .

C- SUBSTRUCTURE PIER/WALLS/PIER CAP

1. After finishing the concrete of footing/Raft the proper construction joints
will be prepared with out loosen the agreement
2. The Reinforcement of substructure is that stirrups, Link bar & binder
will be fixed as per approved BBS and shall be checked & measurement
jointly before placing of formwork
3. The form work will be fixed as per approved designed & Drawing of
From work for pier of all major bridge will be cast in single pour and
Abutment will be kept 2Mtr height to adjust the number of lifts
4. After completely the form work in line & Level the center line of
pier/Abutment I n both execs both checked by total station before
pouring concrete.
5. The required grade and of approved mixdesigne will be manufacture at
batching plant and by transported by transit mixed ad concrete will be
[laced by crane bucket/Concrete pump through and hopper & PVC
tremmi pipe to avoid free fall off concrete more than 1.5 Mtr. The
concrete will be compacted by High frequencies Vibrator & Form
Vibrator.
6. The concrete shall be curved by sprinkling water on Hessian cloth and
kept the Hessian cloth wet up 14 days/using approved brand curing
compound.

D. MANPOWER
Sufficient force of skilled, Semiskilled & Unskilled will be
deployed at site for each activity. A qualified Engineer with Supervisor will
be supervise all the activity and will work on the direction of Bridge
Engineer/Section In-charge for ITD Cem. And Engineer representative .