Herpesvirus infection ,A: Herpesvirus blister in mucosa. B, cells from blister in A, showing glassy intranuclear HSV inclusion bodies. Pyogenic granuloma Grossly it appear as polypoidal lesion that usually ulcerate Histologically it composed of highly vascular proliferation of organizing granulation tissue. SCC Mucocele Pleomorphic Adenoma Pleomorphic Adenoma Mallory-Weiss tears Esophageal Varices Barrett’s Esophagitis Acute gastritis due to use of NSAIDs. There is diffuse and extensive erythema with focal erosions. Acute peptic ulcer There is diffuse hemorrhagic gastritis and focal peptic ulceration which is extending nearly through the gastric wall. Gastric ulcer. There is a characteristic sharp demarcation from the surrounding mucosa, with radiating gastric folds. The base of the ulcer is gray owing to fibrin deposition. Ulcer of the duodenum. Note that the ulcer is small (2 cm) with a sharply punched-out appearance. Unlike cancerous ulcers, the margins are not elevated. The ulcer base is clean (compare with the ulcerated carcinoma). PUD share similar histology of the four layers N= Necrotic area, I = Inflammatory region, G = Granulation tissue and S = Scar formation. Gastric carcinoma (Malignant gastric ulcer) Gastric carcinoma. A, Intestinal type demonstrating gland formation by malignant cells, which are invading the muscular wall of the stomach Infiltrating gastric carcinoma (linitis plastica). Flattening of rugae and gastric wall thickened by tumor and desmoplasia Gastric adenocarcinoma, poorly differentiated that glands are not visible. Instead, rows of infiltrating neoplastic cells with marked pleomorphism are seen. Many of the neoplastic cells have clear vacuoles of mucin. IBD Crohn’s Disease Crohn’s enterocolitis: longitudinal ulcers and intervening normal mucosa. Ulcerative Colitis The most intense inflammation begins at the lower right in the sigmoid colon and extends upward and around to the ascending colon. Inflammatory polyps of the colon in ulcerative colitis. Nodules of regenerative mucosa and inflammation surrounded by denuded areas provide a diffuse polypoid appearance of the mucosa. Toxic megacolon Ulcerative Colitis: Glandular distortion and crypt abscess. Hyperplastic Intestinal Polyp Adenomatous Intestinal Polyps Tubular adenoma Villous Adenoma Tubulo villous Adenoma Familial Adenomatous Polyposis ColoRectal Carcinoma Carcinoma of the descending colon Infitrative Napkin-ring type. Microscopy: Invasive adenocarcinoma of colon, showing malignant glands infiltrating the muscle wall. Chronic cholecystitis Liver cirrhosis Cavernous hemangiomas Hepatocellular carcinoma Metastatic Tumors Thank you