Assignment 1

Submission date: 10.3.2020

  ( number:201720060705 name：Qian Qian )

Question 1: Write the differences between vacuum tube & transistor.

           Ans: Transistor and vacuum tube both are almost same in conceptually.
Transistors are used in small integrated circuits which require low voltage supply and
Vacuum tubes are used in high power applications. In the manner of size, the transistor
is smaller than vacuum tubes. Vacuum tubes are really big and very hot.

Question 2: What are the different types of memory devices? Write the differences
between RAM & ROM.

            Ans: Memory devices is a devices which can store data mainly there is two
types of data

storage devices.First one called RAM(Random Access Memory) and the other called
ROM(Read only memory).

1. Devices that use electric energy to store information, such as various types of
memory, such as RAM, ROM, etc

2. Devices that use magnetic energy to store information, such as hard disk, floppy disk
(obsolete), magnetic tape, core memory, bubble memory, U disk

3. A device that stores information optically, such as a CD or DVD

4. Devices that store information by magneto-optical means, such as Mo (magneto-

optical disc)  .

                   Different between RAM&ROM

RAM rom         
volatile memory NON VOLATILE

Data in ram is not permanently written when power off,data Permanently,not erased
deleted
 
Ram: DRAM&sram ROM: PROM&EPROM

It requires flow of electricity to retain data It does not requires electricity to retain

data
ram is the memory available for the Rom is the memory that comes with
your
operating system programs and process
computer that is pre-written to hold
to use when the computer is running. the     

instructions for booting up the computer.

Question 3: Explain transducer, signal conditioner & op-amp.

           Ans:1. transducer: A substance or device, such as a piezoelectric crystal,

microphone or photoelectric cell, that converts input energy of one form
into                        output energy of another.

                    2.signal conditioner:A device that converts one type of electronic signal
into a another type of signal.   Its primary use is to convert a signal that may be
difficult to read by conventional instrumentation into a more easily read format. In
performing this conversion a number of functions may take place.

                    3.op-amp(operational amplifier):It is an electronic integrated circuit with

multistage amplification circuit. Its input stage is differential amplification circuit, which
has high input resistance and zero drift suppression ability. The intermediate stage is
mainly used for voltage amplification, which has high voltage amplification factor,
generally composed of common emitter amplification circuit. The output pole is
connected with the load, which has the characteristics of strong load capacity and low
output resistance.

Question 4: Explain second order low pass filter with block diagram.
Ans: 

Question 5: Draw the block diagram of  flash ADC & sigma delta converter.

Ans: block diagram of Flash ADC:

                 

the block diagram of Sigma-delta Converter :