1. Which one of the following statements is false?

a. The energy of a 2s and 2p orbital in a carbon atom are equal.

b. The angular momentum quantum number, l, determines the shape of an atomic orbital.
c. Light is emitted by an electron when it moves from excited states n=4 to n=3 in the hydrogen atom.
d. The energy level of an electron in the hydrogen atom is determined by the principal quantum
number.
e. The number of orbitals found in a subshell is determined by the total number of possible
magnetic quantum numbers, ml, for that subshell.

2. In which one of the following is a valid set of quantum numbers provided and the corresponding
atomic orbital correctly identified?
n l ml mS atomic orbital
a. 1 1 1 ½ 1s
b. 2 1 0 ½ 2s
c. 3 2 -2 -1 3d
d. 4 1 -1 -½ 4p
e. 5 2 -3 ½ 5d

3. Which one or more of the following figures represent a d-orbital?

i ii iii iv v

a. Only i
b. Only ii
c. Both ii and iii
d. Both iii and v
e. All three of iii, iv, and v

4. Given the subshells 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, and 3d, identify all of the subshell(s) that can have ml = –1?
a. 1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, and 3d
b. 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, and 3d
c. 2p, 3s, 3p, and 3d
d. 3s, 3p, and 3d
e. 2p, 3p and 3d
5. Which one or more of the following increase(s) when the electron in a hydrogen atom undergoes a
transition from the 1s-orbital to a 2p-orbital?
a. the number of values of the quantum number l
b. the value of the quantum number n
c. the average distance between the electron and the nucleus
d. the potential energy of the electron (becomes less negative)
e. all values a, b, c, and d increase

6. Which one of the following sets of quantum numbers does not correspond to an electron in the
ground state electron configuration of a gas-phase calcium atom?
a. n = 1, l = 0, ml = 0, mS = +½ d. n = 3, l = 2, ml = 1, mS = +½
b. n = 2, l = 1, ml = 1, mS = -½ e. n = 4, l = 0, ml = 0, mS = +½
c. n = 3, l = 1, ml = -1, mS = +½

7. An electron in the n = 10 state of a hydrogen atom emits a photon with energy of 6.54×10–20 J. What
is the final state of the electron?
a. 5 b. 8 c. 9 d. 11 e. 12

8. Exposing a sodium atom in the gas phase to electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 598 nm
causes the electron to excite from the 3s orbital to a 3p orbital. Which one of the following can
produce the same electron excitation in a single gas-phase sodium atom:
a. The absorption of two photons with wavelength of 299 nm.
b. The absorption of two photons with wavelength of 1196 nm.
c. The absorption of a photon with a wavelength greater than 598 nm.
d. The absorption of a photon with wavelength less than 598 nm.
e. No other wavelength of light can produce this excitation.

9. The equation below appears in your data sheets:

 1 
En = − 2.18 ×10 −18  2  J (where n = 1, 2, 3, ...)
n 
What can be computed using this equation?
a. The energy of an electron in an atomic orbital that has principal quantum number n for only a
single hydrogen atom in the gas phase.
b. The energy of an electron in an atomic orbital that has principal quantum number n for hydrogen
atoms in any molecule.
c. The energy of an electron in an atomic orbital that has principal quantum number n for any
element in the gas phase.
d. The energy of an electron in the nth energy band in a solid.
e. All of the above.
10. What is the wavelength (in nm) of the red light emitted by a neon sign that has a frequency of 474
THz (1 THz = 1012 Hz)?
a. 142 nm b. 158 nm c. 466 nm d. 632 nm e. 704 nm

11. An electron in the 3s orbital of bromine is shielded from the nucleus primarily by the:
a. electrons in the 1s orbital
b. electrons in the 2s, and 2p orbitals
c. electrons in the 3p and 3d orbitals
d. electrons in the 1s, 2s, and 2p orbitals
e. electrons in the 1s, 2s, 2p, 3p, and 3d orbitals

12. How many unpaired electrons does Fe2+ have in its ground state electron configuration?
a. 0 b. 2 c. 4 d. 5 e. 6

13. Consider the ground state electron configuration of Mn. Which one of the following statements is
true about the sets of quantum numbers that correspond to the electrons of Mn?
a. All of the 3d electrons of Mn have the same value of ml.
b. All of the 3d electrons of Mn have the same value of ms.
c. All of the valence electrons of Mn have the same value of l.
d. All of the valence electrons of Mn have the same value of n.
e. All of the statements a – d are true.

14. For which one of the following ionic compounds is the magnitude of the lattice energy is the smallest?
a. KF b. KCl c. KBr d. CaO e. CaS

15. The primary reason that an ionic compound with formula KCl2 does not form is:
a. The energy required to form Cl– from Cl is too high.
b. The energy required to form K2+ from K is too high.
c. The lattice energy for is KCl2 is less than that of the more stable KCl.
d. The formation of K+ from K releases energy while the formation of K2+ requires energy.
e. K2+ is a much larger cation than K+, so it cannot be accommodated as easily in a crystal lattice.

16. Which one of the following is a set of isoelectronic species?

a. C, N, O
b. Cl–, Ar, K+
c. F, Cl, Br
d. K+, Ca2+, Ti2+
e. Na+, Mg2+, Cl–
17. Which one of the following reactions represents the first ionization of bromine?
a. Br (l) → Br (g)
b. Br (l) → Br+ (l) + e–
c. Br– (g) → Br (g) + e–
d. Br+ (g) → Br2+ (g) + e–
e. Br (g) → Br+ (g) + e–

18. The first 10 ionization energies are listed and plotted below for a fourth period element. Which one
of the following elements is it?
1st IE: 660 kJ/mol Ionization Energy (kJ/mol) 25000
2nd IE: 1310 kJ/mol
3rd IE: 2650 kJ/mol 20000
4th IE: 4170 kJ/mol
15000
5th IE: 9580 kJ/mol
6th IE: 11500 kJ/mol 10000
7th IE: 13600 kJ/mol
8th IE: 16400 kJ/mol 5000
9th IE: 18500 kJ/mol
0
10th IE: 20800 kJ/mol 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
nth ionization

a. Al b. Se c. Si d. Ti e. V
19. Some aerosol sprays used to contain chlorofluoromethane, CH2ClF. This substance was banned
when it was discovered that it contributed to the destruction of the ozone layer in the upper
stratosphere. When CH2ClF absorbs a photon of light having sufficient energy, the C–Cl bond
dissociates:
CH2ClF(g) + photon → CH2F(g) + Cl(g)
The chlorine atom (a radical) catalyses the conversion of O3 to O2. The C–Cl bond energy is 354 kJ/mol.
What is the smallest frequency of light, in Hz, that will break this bond?

Answer: ____________ Hz

20. The retina of the human eye can detect light when radiant energy incident on it is at least 4.0×10-17 J.
For light having 610 nm wavelength, how many photons does this correspond to?

Answer: ________________ photons

21. Howard Wolowitz is developing a radiation detector for the International Space Station. He uses a
thin film composed of a metal alloy that has a threshold frequency of 5.5×1015 Hz. When radiation is
shone on the thin film, the fastest electron emitted has a velocity of 668000 m/s.
a. What is the kinetic energy, in J, of the fastest ejected electron?

Answer: ________________ J
b. What is the wavelength, in nm, of the photon that caused the ejection of this electron?

Answer: ________________ nm
c. What is the wavelength, in nm, of this electron?

Answer: ________________ nm
22. Element X has the highest first electron affinity in its period; the ground state electron configuration
of its most common ion is: [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p6
Element Y is the second largest element in its period; its valence electrons are in orbital(s) that have
n = 6.
What is the most stable compound formed when elements X and Y are combined: __________

23. Antimony is a lustrous grey metalloid that is primarily used in alloys with tin and lead to increase
these metals’ hardness and mechanical strength. It is also used in the production of semiconductors.
Antimony is able to form three different stable ions in its compounds.

Sb _________________________________________________
Provide the ground Sb3– _________________________________________________
state electron
configuration for each
species to the right: Sb3+ _________________________________________________

Sb5+ _________________________________________________

Rank the four antimony species listed

above in order of increasing size (radius): _______<________<_________<________

Rank the four antimony species listed

above in order of increasing first _______<________<_________<________
ionization energy:
Answer Key

1. A
2. D
3. D
4. E
5. E
6. D
7. A
8. E
9. A
10. D
11. D
12. C
13. B
14. C
15. B
16. B
17. E
18. D
19. 8.87×1014 Hz
20. 120 photons
21. (a) 2.03×10–19 J (b) 52 nm (c) 1.09 nm
22. BaI2
26. Sb: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p3 or [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p3
Sb3-: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 or [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p6 or [Xe]
Sn3+: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 or [Kr] 5s2 4d10
Sn5+: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 4d10 or [Kr] 4d10
Radius: Sn5+ < Sn3+ < Sn < Sn3-
IE: Sn3- < Sn < Sn3+ < Sn5+