if•

CMiDIOUF-1') USE NQ
lint l.lrlow fnd r,tu ro
l'MI N I' )'ou r narne 011 lht
r wer 1hu 1. f~ll urt 10
02 ] 070] 0
lhls booliltl WIiia )'uu 1111
lr In llbq u ■ llfl ullun, TEST COD E
ilo so 1nay mu

F () R M T P 20 18 15 2 MAY/JUNE 2018
IN AT IO NS CO UN CI L
C AR )B BE AN EX AM
IN AT IO N'"
PR OF ')C IEN CY EX AM
CAltJBBEAN ADVANCED
lllO LO GY

UNIT I - l'u pc r 01
1 hour 30 mi11111es

11 ,JUNE 2018 (11.m.)

CAREFULLY.
)N G INSTRUCTIONS
HEAD HI E FO LL OW
e I hour ancJ JO minutes
to answer them .
1
ikrn s. You will hav
I. Thi s test con sists nt' 15
e an answer sheet.
In addition Lo this te
st booklet , you should hav
2.
rs than there are
t the ans wer she et pro v ides spaces for more answe
3. Do not be con cerned tha
items in this test.
. (D). Read each itc:m
t ha s lou r sugges ted ans wers lettered (A) . (B). (C)
Each item in this tes is best.
4.
you are about Lo answe
r and decide which choice
shade the space
the num ber wh ich corresponds to y9ur item and
On y t)ur answer she et, find ple item below.
5.
er as the ans wi:r you hav e chosen. Look at the sam
having the same letl
Su mp lc lte n,

metal atoms is present

Which of the following Sample Answer
ule'?
in a haemoglobin molec

(A ) Iron
(8 ) Co pp er
(C) Calcium
(D ) Magnesium
been shaded .
item is ·•tron•·. so (A) has
The correl:L ttnswcr lo this choice .
r, era se it com pletely before you fi II in your new
nge you r ans we
6. t f you want to cha
careful!y as you ca n.
turn the pag e and wo rk as qu ick ly and as
in. that item later,
7. When yo u arc tol d to beg to the next one. You. may return to
item . go on
Ir you cannot answer c.111
8. You ma y do any rou
gh wo rk in this boo kle t.
rily drawn to scale.
9. r-igures are no l 111:l:cssc1
d.
mable cnlculators is allowe
10 . The use of non-progrum
TO DO SO.
TH IS PA CE UN TIL YOU ARE TO LD
DO NO T TU RN 0

il.
Co r yright f> 2017 Carib
b~on Ex nmino1io m Co unc
All ri gh1 s rcsc rvl!d .

02 1070 I 0/C t\l ' C 2018

I
j
_r

-2-

to th e folio .
he m J re fe rs tw o isorn W in g Slrticiu re,
em en ts t
fo ll ow in g st at w hi ch re pr es en . er s of gl llcose
W hi ch o f th e at it do cs
I. g in di co te s th
ab ou t sm ok in lo en t o f
pm
N O T co nt ri bu
te to the de ve
cardiovnsc ul nr
diseases?
re .
se s bl oo d pr es su sc 0
N ic ot in e in cr ea
(•
(8 ) C ar bo n m on ox
id e de cr ea se s th e
11
/J ~ ,,
(C )
he ar tb ea t.
N ic ot in e ca us es
na rr ow foster.
C ar bo n m on ox id
ar te ri es to cl og

e da m ag es tl1e ce
an d

lls
OH
/ " \1"
4C

"I / \
,c /

Off
(0 ) ssels. 2c
o f th e bl oo d ve JC
I I
H on
in pl an ts
bo hy dr at es er e tr an sp or te d Structure J
2. C ar
e fo nn o f
M A IN L Y in th

e st ar ch
su cr os e
(8 ) 6C ll 2 0 H
(C ) gl uc os e
(D ) fr uc to se I
sC-----o
ff'\4C /J " '\. _ /
IC
OH

o / \•t // \
2C
JC
I I
OH
H
s~~~n
•
en ts is true
3. hi ch o f th e fo ll ow in g st at em
W om er s?
ab ou t B O T H is
o:
to th e struct ur e
(A ) B ot h co nt ri bu te
st ar ch . of
to th e structure
(B ) B ot h co nt ri bu te
ce ll ul os e. he
nt ri bu te s to t
(C ) S tr uc tu re I co se , an c
c e ll u lo
st ru ct u re o f s to the
nt ri bu te
St ru ct ur e 11 co
ch .
st ru ct ur e o f st ar te s to the
tu re I co nt ri bu
0 S tr uc
ch an d Structure
st ru ct ur e o f st ar of
to th e sr ru ctt,re
11 co nt ri bu te s
ce ll ul os e.
l-I E N E X T r ,, Gf
GO ON TO T
E 20 18
02 I 07 0 I 0/ C I\ P
 of 'he ads ' and 'tai ls' of phosphol ipids
ich of w fol lo,, ing arrangements is the correct orientation
4_ Wh
membrane scability'l
inn bi-layer which focili1a1es

OrientaCion
Head Tuil
A,, a) from water Away from waler
(A )
A,, ay from wacer Towards waler
(8)
(C) Towards \\ ater Towards water
Tov,:ards water Away from water
C

al
level of ~ refers lo the following chemic
5. Co llagen exhibirs a secondary structure of a molecule.
pro tein srrucrure and organizati
on because

ins
(A ) it contains four polypeptide cha H
I /
OH
d by
(B) each chain fonns a helix hel HO -C H: -C - C
covalent bon ds
d by
I ~ H
~ each chain forms a helix hel N
hydrogen bon ds I / "1f
Clf -C H -C -C
(D) it is made up of repeated uni
ts of J z I ~
acids H N 0
three different amino
I / '-
cu -c -c~ H
IJ
amylasi: is 0
When a mixture of starch and
N
6.
tested witJiasolution ofiodine
in polass ium
is iniriully
ff / " H
iodide. a blue-black colour
ed after one
observed. However, when test
is no longer
minute, thi: blue-black colour repn:sents a
observed. This is due to the for
mation of 7. The chemical structure above
• molecule of
(A) sucrose
mallose (A) triglyceride
fD)
(C) cellulose ti, tripeptide
(D) glycogen (C) triphosphotc
(D) trisucchoride

T typical of
8. Which ofr he following is NO
u bacterium?

(A) DN A
(8) Ribosome
(C) Cell membrane
Nuclcur membrane "lu ( l,:,v ,
8

GE
GO ON TO TH E N EX T PA
02 1CJ7CJIO/CI \PE 20 l!j
 -4 -

~ rc fer!I
. to the followin
g di ag ro m .

9. W h ic h o f th e
fo \\ ow in g st at
em en ts B E S T
ex pl ai ns th e fu
(A ) nc ti on o f the re
lt al lo w s fo r th gion labelled
(B ) e tr an sp o rt o f
lt co n ta in s pr sm a\ \ D N A fr 11
ot ei n ch an n el ag m en ts into th
(C ) lt co n ta in s pr s fo r th e ac ti ve e cy to pl as m .
O ot ei n ch an n el tr an sp or t o f w
lt al lo w s fo r s w hi ch re st ri at er -s ol ub le m
th e tr an sp o rt ct th e m ov em en olecules.
o f m R N A an d t o f w at er mo\
ri bo so m al co m cc u\es.
po ne nt s into th
10. e cytoplasm .
W h ic h o f th e
fo \\ o w in g co
th eo ry ? m b in at io n s fo
rm s ev id en ce
w hi ch B E S T
su pp or ts the en
dosym bio n:
\I \I P ro k a ry o t\ c
C el ls
(A ) C o n ta in s -c ir cu
la r D N A in ce
\\ s
\ E u k ae yo ti c C
e\\s
(0 ) C o n ta in s ci rc
,. \ C on ta in s \i ne
ar O N A in m ito
\
u la r D ~ in chondria
ce \\
(C ) · C o n ta in s drcu\Or DNA in mitocs hondria \ C on ta in s ci rc
ul ar D N A in m
itoch ondru\
\C ontains Iinear D
\ (D )
\·
. y ~ o. n' ta·in s H
ne&r O N A in m
it oc ho nd ri. a \
m
NA in itochondr
i• J
I

,
C on ta m • I D N A in
s C\t'CU ar mitochon dn~ •

.r,0,
1' \
0 2 \0 7 0 \0 /C
a o oN TO T \l f. 1',1£ \
A P E 2 0 \8 .
 -5•

Item 11 refers to the following diagram.

11 . In which region would vascular tissue associated with the transport of material be located?

(A)
,(~ II
(C) Ill
(D) IV

12 . Which of the following is an example of 13. Bobby is given a tropical freshwater fish for
endocytosis? his birthday. Experimenting with the fish,
he places it in seawater and it dies. Which
(/0 Engulfing of a bacterium by a of the following statements MOST likely
phagocyte • explains the reason for its death?
(8) Release of acid into the stomach of
a mammal JA, Water diffuses out of the fish.
(C) Formation of Golgi vesicles by (B) Water diffuses into the fish.
budding from ·cisternae (C) Ions diffuse from the fish to the
(D) Release ofwater from the contractile seawater.
vacuole in Amoeba (D) Less oxygen is in seawater than
freshwater.

021070 10/C AP E 2018 GO ON TO T HE N EXT PAGE

r

-6-

item l,,S refers to the following graph wh·

Item 14 refers to the following diagrams shows the ~ro~ress of_an enzyme-catai ~ch
~.:.:-=-- • . nd n substrate reaction with increasing temperatun/ erj
representing an enzyme 8 •
1
molecule, labelled X and y respe:t1v~ y.
In a timed enzyme-catalysed investtgat1on X
to measure reaction rate, equal amounts of Rate
the molecules were mixed.

o'------ - --=:----- --
Temperature

15. The decline in the rate at Xis MOST likely

y because
X
(A) peptide bonds are broken
(B) the enzyme loses its secondaT'\'
14. Which ofthe following statements is correct
structure ·
about the rate of reaction between X and I
y<l) the enzyme loses its tertiarv
Y?
structure
There would be no reaction between (D) substrate concentration becomes
XandY. too low
(B) The reaction would progress rapidly
from start to.finish.
(C) The reaction rate would be slow Item 16 refers to the following diagram
throughout the experiment. showing a segment of a strand of DNA .
(D) The reaction rate would be slow
initially, then increase rapidly .

: ~ ,________.
Hydrogen
bonds

16. The base re presented by X is

(A) uracil
(B) adenine
(C ) g uonine
(9) cy tos ine

02107010/CAPE 20 18
GO ON TO THE NEX1 p/\Gf
 •7.

17. Whi ch of the foll owing feature s ure trne for 18. Which of the following statements about
chromatins but NOT for chromosomes? semi-conservative replication of DNA is
MOST appropriate?
I. Contain DNA
11. Contnin protein (A) DNA replication never occurs with
111. Loosely coiled, long threods I 00% accuracy.
(B) The DNA molecule is translated
(A) I nnd II only into complementary RN A
( 13) I nnd 111 only molecules.
(C) II and Ill only (C) The number of DNA molecules
(D) I, 11 and 111 is doubled with every other
replication.
The replicated DNA molecule has
one par:ental strand and one new
strand.

Item 19 refers to the following stages of mitosis.

OJ 2 3

19. Which of the following combinations correctly identifies the stages labelled 1, 2 and 3?

1 2 3
(A) Prophase Metaphase Anaphase
(8) Anaphase Pro phase Meta phase
~ Metaphase Prophase .Ana phase
(D) Meta phase Anaphase Prophase

GO ON TO THE N EXT PAGE

02 1070 I 0/CA PE 2018

m·~
~
 -8.

20 . Which of the following occurrences i!I NOT 22. A null hypothesis is BEST de .
chem ctcri stic of mcio~i11? hypothesis which scribed a~a

(t/) Two dBughtcr nuclei containing (A) is not testable

idcntlcfll 9cts of chromo~omcs (B) can be tested only by ob
(B) I lomologous chromosomes coming (C) states thnt there is ~er~ntiari~
together nncl cros!ling over occurs d 1'fference betweensign the,~_ica r11
(C) f'our dnughtcr nuclei containing under investigation 1
tclll~
holfthc number of chromosomes states that there is no .
(0) Homologou,chromosomcsmovln g ."'
<I, 11 c re nee between thes1gnif,1can1
Apart during 1111Aphnsc And expected data O
bScrv ed

l 1. ln ft rat cc\\, there nrc 32 chromntlds pres

ent
at the beginning of prophasc of mlto11l11.
How mi\ny chromntids would there
be in
the cell 0t the beginning of prophnsc
I of
melMI~?

(A) 16
(B) 23
(C) 32
(D) 64

ltem refer
triplet23cod on,s to
enda piec
theire relat
of n D'N A strnnd h ·
ive amino acrd~wing t I,e trip
· \
et codons, and a table which show s t~,:
I

DNA l'trnn1J S' /\TAGTA! l lCG AA

U\JU}MI• UO,lf,\: UJ\U'\.,..n UOlJ -1·'' AG'.~ GA 3.
UUO UCC u~ I,,, uao
UUA \ lAv uo,.:' !l~r I u~ ··etO'p ·VOA I ·Oy•

I ,'alop· t\ h \A r 1· , k,
UUO J U0O . UM Btot> 'UOO ' T/i) '

cuQ,!':'.. cc~
oci'u cf
ou,:1.':'O· 'lo~
';cCA"( ,P(o
• 1 ',rJ}A.~ ·1S~-
. . ..
~_•1; ·,
',~M f . .'.I·,~ · lrk1o;1
1

o~ •
:cool ''•o...0·1°111 'oao; '. ·
Auu
1'\Jo l 11, AC\J Mo\1'-11'1 xA'~0o:~J-e,,
Aeo \ . . ,J.,o
f,.UI\ AC/\ Tor AM \ AQA }" ,
AUG MIii ACO MO JLys AOO Arg
ouu1· ocul
~~~ .gg~, a"u} oou
f ~gi1·G~
Val •Ai• ~ : . ~P
OUO tJO<i_' • OA(i OIU QQ(\

23. Whi ch of th~ following represents tho

DNA strond I sc ucn .
q cc of amino acid s in the polypeptide ch11in from•li.c
(A) Serine - Ly~inc lli slidinc - Phcn I
(IJ) Serine - l'hcny lalnnlnc _/\I 11 I .
'I\ , . I Y "~1 1nc - Glycine - Tyro -,inc
(C)
. l ,ys11
1111
. ,c 11 ist
7m'l1 rH: - · . .
' - Gly. cine Phc11yl ll Illllll)
·ryro&11c 1d111 c - Tyro 'l inc
~ 1nc - I II Hliclinc 1.y sinc C IH st\ I'
111
_ /\I . · t ~ - Ly ~inc .
- Serine
nnin c . Phl: nylnl n11irw . Seri ne

021CJ7010/C AP E 20 \K
GO ON TO TIIE N[X f Pi\,·
 I

\i
-9-

24 . Which of th e fo llowing is lruc of restriction 27 . The phenotype of an organism is BEST

l!nzy mes? ex.plained as those visible characteristics
that
(Af They cut DNA at specific base
sequences. (A) reflect the genetic make-up of the
(B) They always produc e DNA organism
fragments with 'sticky ends'. (B) provide a description of the overall
(C) They nre used to insc11 foreign DNA appearance of the organism
into human chromosomes. (C) urc due to the impact of the . l
(D) They are produced by humans lo environ ment in which the
restrict the growth of viruses . \
organism lives
(D) reflect the interaction of the genetic
make-up and the environment of
25. Despite the benefit of gene therapy, many the organism
people have reservations about its use.
Which of the following concerns about
gene therapy may be conside,red a hazard? 28. Which of the following forms of gene
mutution will result in a framesh ift
(A) Gene therapy will be used to clone mutation?
humans in the future .
(B) To date, no one hus been cured of I. Deletion
a genetic disease disorder using 11. Inversion
gene therapy. 111. Addition
(C) Viruses used to deliver DNA
to the nuclt.:!us of a cell may (A) ! and II only
cause diseases in the affected (B) I and Ill only
individuals. (C) II and 111 only
(D) Gene therapy is expensive and (D) I, II and Ill
therefore will not be readily
accessible by everyone.
There are vario1,1s isolating mechanisms
whi~h can res,uli ~.r:i,popu,lations of the same
26. A possible benefit of producing transged'ic spe~ies evo,lving ,i~to two distinct species.
plants is Which of the following is an example of
behavioural isolation?
(A) production of clones
(£3) improved human nutrition (A) Pinus radiata flowers in February
(C) incrl!ased use of pesticides while Pinus auenuat a flowers in
(D) determination of human genome April.
(8) Viola arvensis grows on calcan:ous
soils wherea s Viola tricolor
prefers acidic soils.
(C) The tlower structure of certain
orchids pn.wents the transfer of
poll~n from another species.
(D) In species of funnel wt:b spiders,
only mules which spray the
fc111ult: with II chcmicul substunc~,
ur~ ullowed to mnt~ with her.

021070 I 0/CAPE 20 18 GO ON TO THE N6XT PAGE

 - 10 -

30. OlrAfTe!; nre thought to hnve evolve<! long necks due 10 n short supply of food. Selection h
favoured those ,vith long necks who were nblc to rend, cnoug l r,ooc1 to survive.•
This,,rcs~l
· •re
. ,s. known ns 1
. Ypc Of
sc Iect,on '

(.A) ertiflclel
(8) disruptive
(C) directionnl
(D) stabilizing

31. Which of.the following types of nsexunl reproduction is INCORRECT, either by the dctinitio
provided or the exRmples given? n

Type of Ascxunl Reproduction Definition Exa~

(A) Binary fission Splitting into two dough tercel Is of similar Amoeb11 -
size BActerin
(8) Fragmentation Splitting into several pieces, each of which Flatwonl'ls--
regrows Spirogyra
(C) Budding Producing an outgrowth from the p;ircnt, Hydra
which bre11ks off and becomes n separate Yeast fungus
indiviclunl
(D) Spore formation Producing smell, lightweight spores, Hibiscus
to assist air dispersal Flamboyant

32. Which of the following statements describes the events occurring in asexual reproduction ONLY?

(A) Offspring are genetically the same and gametes arc never involved.
(B) Gametes ·are nevedrivolved and there is fusion of haploid nuclei.
(C) Galnetes'arc n~ver'ihv~lved a.L'd offspring are genetically different.
(D) Offspi'iri'g are ;gerfotically different and a large number of individuals is produced.

33. The MOST important advantage of 8cxunl reproduction is that

(A) it eliminates the risk of deleterious mutations

(B) many offspring •are produced in a short period of time
(C) it allows adaptation to changing environmental conditions
(D) desirable genes are always passed on to the next generation

34. In plants, the ovary is BEST described as the

(A) tipofacarpel
(B) basic unit of the gynocciurn
(C) swollen base of n single carpel
(D) female reproductive port of the nowcr

GO ON TO T l-IE NEXT PACir

021070 I 0/CAP E 20 I 8
 - II •

Item 35 re Iil.'lrs lo l J11:: l'o llowinu"' ctiuurmn

0
which shows the slugcs in the development of ti 11: embryo
snc nnd female gamete.

0 _ _...._-:?)
Embryo
Silt
;}
Deecncratc ) 2 ➔0 )Q
Embryo~
mother cell

~ ( 4
~ (HC @
Mature embryo 111c

35. The processes occurring at Stages 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively are

(A) meiosis, growth, mitosis, nuclear fusjon

(8) mitosis, grov.rth, meiosis, nuclear fusion
(C) meiosis, mitosis, nuclear fusion, growth
(D) nuclear fusion, growth, mitosis, meiosis

36. In some plants, the androecium matures Item 37 refers to the following diagram
before the gynoecium. Such plants are showing the transverse section of an anther.
described as

(A) dioecious
(B) monoecious
(C) protandrous
(D) protogynous

37. The structure labelled Y is the

(A) tapetum
(B) stomium
(C) epidermis
(D) pollen mother cell

02107010/CAPE 2018
GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

fl
 • 12 •

3~. Which of the following events occurring 4 t. Which of the followino II

. . o Ce s
during the ovnrl·an cycle is R result of the nutrrtrveccllsofthcseminife arc tL
negative fccdbnck en used by nn incrcnsc in rous tub 11~
Ules,
oestrogen levels? (A) Leydig cells
(B) Scrtoli cells
(A ) DecreAsed production of (C) Spermatogonia
progesterone at the end of the (D) Cowper's cells
secretory phase
(B) lncrensed secretion of luteinizing
hormone during the folliculer 42 . In human males. the paired
phase teste
externa I to the body cavi t)' bee s are
au sc
(C) Increased secretion of gonado-
trophin releasing 1\ormone during (A) th is aI lows for easier trans
the follicular phase sperms to the urethra Pon Of
(D) Decreased secretion of follicle- (B) they are too largetobeaccom
stimulating hormone afler the inside the body modated
relense of the secondary oocyte (C) they conta in the prostate
1
w h .rc h secretes
. seminal Ru,g.dand
(D) they contain the spenns which
Which of the following is a difference need
39. a cooler temperature to r .
between the secondary oocyte and the . bl
vra e ema,n
ovum?

(A) The secondary oocyte is diploid 43. The importance of the amnion include
while the ovum is haploid .
(B) The secondary oocyte hos two polar I. protection of the developing foci
bodies while the ovum has one. from mechanical shock Ill
(C) The secondary oocyte is surrounded 11 . genetic screening via amniocentesis
by the zona pellucida while the in difficult pregnancies
ovum is not. Ill. provision of a med ium for proper
.(D) The secondary oocyte is at foetal limb development
Metaphase 11 ofmeiosis while the
·ovum.has completedthe ~iotic (A) ( and II only
divisions. (B) [ and III only
(C) II and Ill only
(D) I, 11 and III
40. The nucleus of the ovum occupies a much
smaller portion of the cell than does the
nucleus jn a sperm. This is because the

(A) sperm nucleus is swollen

(B) chromosomes in the ovum are more
tightly coiled
(C) ovum contains food stores in the
cytoplasm
(D) nucleus of the ovum hns fewer
.chromosomes than the sperm
nucleus

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAG£

02107010/CAPE 2018
 - 13 •

44. Which of the following is an impor1unt
function or th ~ mummalian ploccntn'l
(A) Secretes hormones that ure important
during pregnuncy
(B) Stores the metabolic wnste of the
developing foetus
(C) Helps to regulate and maintain 11
constant foetal body temperature
(D) Transports drugs t11ke11 by the
mother during pregnancy to the
foetus
45 . Which of the following BEST explains
why women should increase their intake
of folate during pregnancy?
(A) Humans cannot synthesize folate.
(B) The foetus is at risk of developing
spina bifida if it does not get
sufficient folate.
(C) The foetus is at risk of having a
deformed skeleton if it does not
get sufficient folate.
(D) The foetus will withdraw folate
from the mother's body, thus
putting her at risk of developing
deformities.

END OFTEST

IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.

02107010/CAPl; 201~