Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
On the basis of
COOH
5. | Oxalic acid Obtained from oxalis plant.
COOH
6. HCOOH Formic acid Obtained from formicus [Red ant]
important notes
2 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
R is termed as alkyl - -)
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 3
GROUPS
Atom or a group of atoms which possess any ‘free valency’ are called as Groups.
If their are two structure of same molecular formula then some prefix (n, iso, neo) are used two
differentiate them.
Normal group : –
(a) It is represented by ‘n’.
(b) Groups having no branch (Straight chain).
(c) Free bond will come either on Ist carbon atom or on last carbon atom.
n – butyl CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 –
n – propyl CH3 – CH2 – CH2 –
Iso group : –
When one methyl group is attached to the second last carbon of the straight carbon chain is named
as iso group.
H3 C CH CH 3 C H CH 2 CH 3 C H CH 2 CH 2
e.g. | | |
CH3 CH 3 CH 3
Isopropyl Isobutyl Isopentyl
Exception :
CH 3 CH 3
| |
CH 3 C CH 2 C H CH 2 CH 3 C C H CH 2
| | | |
CH 3 CH 3 CH 3 CH 3
(i) Iso octyl (ii) Iso heptyl
Neo group : –
(a) When two methyl groups on second last carbon of a straight carbon chain is attached to other four
carbon atom group is named as neo group.
(b) It is represented by following structure -
C C
| |
CCC for eg. CCC– Neo pentyl
| |
C C
(c) There should be one 4° carbon and atleast three methyl group on 4° carbon.
H
|
CH3 CH2 C CH2 CH3 CH2 CH – CH3 CH2 CH2 CH CH3 CH CH
| | | | |
CH3 CH2 CH3 CH3 CH3
|
CH3
Active amyl Secondary amyl Active secondary amyl Active iso secondary amyl
important notes
4 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
Secondary group : –
(a) The carbon having free valency attached to two carbon is called secondary carbon.
(b) It is represented by following structure. C C C C
|
CH3 CH3
|
(i) CH3 C CH3
|
e.g. CH3 C CH2 CH3
| |
CH3–CH2–CH2–CH2–
–H n-Butyl
(iv) CH3–CH 2–CH2–CH3
n-Butane CH3–CH–CH2–CH3
Sec. Butyl
CH3–CH–CH2–
(v) CH3–CH–CH3 –H
iso-butyl
iso-butane
CH3–C–CH3
tertiary-butyl
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 5
CH3–CH2–CH2–CH2–CH2–
n-pentyl
–H
(vi) CH3–CH –CH2–CH2–CH3 CH3–CH–CH2–CH2–CH3
n-pentane active secondary amyl
C2H5–CH–C2H5
secondary amyl
CH3–CH–CH2–CH2–
iso-pentyl
CH3–C–CH2–CH3
–H
(vii) tertiary-pentyl
iso-pentane C2H5–CH–CH2–
active amyl
CH3–CH–CH–
CH3 CH3
(viii) –H
CH3 CH3
neo-pentane neo-pentyl
Alkenyl group : –
alkene
H
Alkenyl -
(CnH2n) (CnH2n–1)
CH3 C CH2
|
Isopropenyl (1-methyl-1-ethenyl)
important notes
6 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
Alkynyl group –
alkyne
H
Alkynyl -
(CnH2n–2) (CnH2n–3)
CH C – CH C – CH2– CH3 – C C –
Ethynyl Propargyl (2-propynyl) Propynyl (1-propynyl)
Alkylidene group –
alkane from
Alkylidene -
–2 H
same carbon
Alkylene group
alkane from
Alkylene -
–2 H
different carbon
CH3–CH2–CH=CH–CH2–CH3 - hexylene
CH3 – CH2 –CH2 –CH=CH–CH2 –CH2 – CH3
- octylene
(a) When two same halogen atoms are attached to the same carbon such compounds are called
Gemdihalides.
(b) Common names of such compounds are alkylidene halides
I
Cl
I
eg. : Cl H3
Ethylidene chloride Isobutylidene Iodide
X
Exception : Methylidene halide (wrong)
X
Methylene halide (right)
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 7
(c) When two same halogen atoms are attached to adjacent carbon, these are called as vicinal dihalides.
Common names of such compounds are alkylene halide.
Cl
|
eg CH3 CH CH2 Propylene Iodide H3 C C CH2 Cl Isobutylene chloride
| | |
CH3
(d) When two same halogen atoms are attached at the two ends of a carbon chain its common naming
will be polymethylene halide.
‘poly’ word indicates the number of –CH2– groups.
–CH2– 2 3 4 5 6
Poly di tri tetra penta Hexa
Exception : –
CH2 – X dimethylene halide (wrong)
|
CH2 – X ethylene halide (right)
(a) When two –OH groups are attached to adjacent carbon atoms they are termed as alkylene glycol.
OH
CH3 CH2 CH CH2 |
| | CH3 CH2 C CH2 OH
OH OH |
CH3
important notes
8 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
PROBLEMS
Make the structure of following organic compounds -
1. Isopropylidene Bromide 2. Active amylene Iodide
3. Isobutylene glycol 4. Isobutylene 5. Trimethylene glycol
_________________________________________________________________________________
ANSWERS
OH
Br | |
1. CH3–C 2. CH3 C CH2 3. CH3 C CH2 OH 4. H3 C C CH2 5. CH2 CH2 CH2
Br | | | | |
CH3 CH2 CH3 CH3 CH3 OH OH
_________________________________________________________________________________
O O
(ii) || || -ic anhydride
O
||
(iii) C O R -ate
O
(iv) || -amide
C NH2
O
(v) || -yl halide
C X
O
(vi) || -aldehyde
C H
(vii) – C N -o-nitrile
(viii) N C
-o-isonitrile
Prefix : –
1 Carbon Form- 2 Carbon Acet-
Normal
3 Carbon Propion- 4 Carbon Butyr |
Iso -
5 Carbon
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 9
O O
eg. || ||
H C H CH3 C O H
O O
|| ||
CH3 CH2 C Cl CH3 CH C NH2
|
CH3
Acetaldehyde
NOMENCLATURE OF ESTER
O
||
C O R
The group which is attached to the oxygen is written as alkyl & the remaining structure is named on
the basis of Functional Group suffix.
O O O
|| || ||
eg. (i) H C O CH3 (ii) CH3 O C H (iii) CH3 C O H
Methyl formate Methyl formate Acetic acid
O O O
|| || ||
(iv) CH3 C O CH3 (v) CH3 C O CH2 CH3 (vi) CH3 CH2 C O CH2 CH3
Methyl acetate Ethyl acetate Ethyl propionate
O O
|| ||
(vii) CH2 CH C O CH2 CH3 (viii) CH 3 CH CH C O CH 3
Ethyl acrylate Methyl crotonate
NOMENCLATURE OF ANHYDRIDE
Rule : – Add the total number of carbon atoms & divide it by 2, the substract will give you the
number of C - atom. Now name it according to suffix use for anhydride.
Total
= Substract
2
= Number of C atom
4 O O 6 O O
=2 || || =3 || ||
2 2
Acetic anhydride Propionic anhydride
important notes
10 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
CH3 O
O O | ||
eg. || ||
O
| ||
CH3 O
Butyric propionic anhydride Isobutyric Secondary valeric anhydride
O
||
O
Acrylic anhydride
||
O
SOLVED EXAMPLE
Ans. C
Sol. A carbon must be attached with four carbons.
(A) Divinyl ketone (B) Diallyl ketone (C) Both A and B (D) None
Ans. A
Sol. CH2 = CH – is called as vinyl group.
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 11
CH 3
CH 3 C CH 2 C H CH 3
|
Sol.
| |
CH 3 CH 3
1+1+1= 3
CH3
|
4. CH3 CH CH2 CH2 Cl 5. CH3 CH2 CH CH2 OH 6. CH3 CH2 CH2 C NH2
| | |
CH3 CH3 CH3
CH3
|
10. CH3 C CH2 SH 11. CH3 C CH2 12. CH C – CH2 – Br
| |
CH3 NH2
_________________________________________________________________________________
ANSWERS
1. Ethyl cyanide 2. Isobutyl Iodide
3. Active amyl fluoride 4. Iso pentyl chloride
5. Active amyl alcohol 6. Tertiary hexyl amine
7. Vinyl thio alcohol 8. Active secondary amyl amine
9. Secondary amyl alcohol. 10. Neopentyl thio alcohol
11.Isopropenyl amine 12. Propargyl Bromide
_________________________________________________________________________________
important notes
12 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
MCQ
Q.1 Which of the following are secondary radicals :
(A) Ethylene Glycol (B) Ethene dialcohol (C) Glycerol (D) Ethylene alcohol
O
||
Q.3 Common name of the compound CH3 CH2 C NH2 is -
(C) CH 3 CH 2 C| CH 3 (D) CH 2 CH 2 C CH 3
|
CH 3
|
(A) CH 3 C CH 2 (B) CH 2 C CH CH 2
|
CH 3
Cl
|
(C) CH 2 C CH CH 2 (D) CH3–CH=CH–CH3
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 13
Q.8 The number of gem dihalides possible with the molecular formula C2H4X2 and C3H6X2 is given
by the set :
(A) 1, 2 (B) 2, 1 (C) 2, 2 (D) 1, 1
CH3 O O
| || ||
1. CH3 C N C 2. CH3 CH C Cl 3. CH3 CH2 CH C NH2
| | |
CH3 CH3 CH3
CH3 CH3
| |
7. CH3 C CH2 N CH2 C CH3
| | |
CH3 CH2 CH3
|
CH3 C CH3
|
CH3
important notes
14 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
DERIVED SYSTEM
According to this system name to any compound is given according to the parent name of the
homologous series. This system is reserved for the following nine homologous series.
|
5. Alkanal Acetaldehyde C CHO
|
|
6. Alkanoic acid Acetic acid C
|
COOH
|
7. Alkanoyl halide Acetyl halide C COX
|
| |
9. Alkanone Acetone C C C
| || |
O
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 15
PROBLEMS
Write down the derived names of the following compounds
CH3
|
1. CH2 = CH – CH2 – C C – H 2. CH3 C OH
|
CH3
H CH3 O
| | ||
3. CH3 CH2 C OH 4. CH3 C C H
| |
CH3 CH3
H O H O
| || | ||
5. CH3 CH2 C C H 6. CH3 C C OH
| |
CH3 CH3
H H
| |
7. CH3 C CH3 8. CH3 CH2 C CH3
| |
CH3 CH3
CH3 CH3 H
| | |
9. CH3 C CH3 10. CH3 C C CH CH3
| | | |
CH3 CH3 H CH3
__________________________________________________________________________________
ANSWERS
1. Allyl acetylene 2. Tri methyl carbinol
__________________________________________________________________________________
important notes
16 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
IUPAC NOMENCLATURE
1 Meth
2 Eth
3 Prop
4 But
5 Pent
6 Hex
7 Hept
8 Oct
9 Non
10 Dec
11 Undec
12 Dodec
13 Tridec
20 Eicos
30 Triacont
40 Tetracont
Primary Suffix : It represents the nature of C–C bonds in the principal/ parent chain (whether
single bond, double bond or triple bond).
Saturated
C–C single bond ane
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 17
* If secondary suffix starts from a vowel or y then the last ‘e’ of first suffix is omitted.
Secondary suffix : is used for functional groups.
e.g.
Branch / Substitutent
Rules for naming Branches
R – H R –
H
Alkane Alkyl substituent
(CnH2n+2) (CnH2n+1)
e.g.
Alkane Alkyl IUPAC names
(1) CH4 –CH3 Methyl
(2) C 2H 6 –C2H5 Ethyl
important notes
18 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
4 3 2 1
(4) C4H10 –C4H9 CH3CH2CH2CH2 – Butyl
1 2 3
CH3–CH–CH2–CH3 1-methyl propyl
CH3
3 2 1 2-methyl propyl
H3C–CH–CH2–
CH3
2
H3C–C–CH3 1,1-dimethylpropyl
1
CH3
5 4 3 2 1
CH3–CH– C– CH2–CH2–
(5) 3,3,4-trimethyl-pentyl
CH3 CH3
Rules
(1) Longest chain rule : Select the longest possible carbon chain as the parent chain or principal
carbon chain. All other carbon chains will be considered as side chain or substituents.
C–C–C–C–C
C–C
Longest chain
C containing
6 carbon atoms
(2) If there is more than one longest chain possible then select the chain which contains maximum
number of side chains
C C
C–C–C–C–C C–C–C–C–C
C–C C–C
Correct Incorrect
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 19
(3) Lowest set of locant rule : The number given to the side chain is locant. While numbering the
parent chain, lowest set of locants rule needs to be followed. According to this rule, that set of
locants will be considered which has got a lower number at the first point of difference.
I = ( 2, 2, 3, 6, 8) Correct
II = ( 2, 2, 4, 4, 5) Incorrect
First point of
difference
* First set will be considered in this case.
2 4 6 8 10 12 2,4,6-Trimethyldecane (Correct)
1 3 5 7 9 11
2 6 8 10
3 4 5 7 9 3,4,5-Trimethyldecane (correct)
1
4
5 2
1
3
3-Ethyl-2-methylpentane
(b) Di, tri, tetra etc. are not considered in comparing alphabetical order.
5
3–Ethyl–2, 4–dimethyl hexane
1
3 4
2 6
(c) If lowest set of locants rule is not applicable then numbering is done according to alphabetical
order.
2 4 6 6 4 2
3 5 7 5 3
1 7 1
2 6
3 4
1 5 7
4-(1,1-Dimethyl)-3, 5-diethylheptane
important notes
20 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
7 1
(e) 5-Ethyl-3,4-bis(1-methylethyl)-2-methylheptane
5 3
6 4 2
e.g.
1 2 3 4 5
(1) CH3–CH2–CH–CH2–CH3 3-methylpentane
CH3
2
(2) 3-ethylhexane
1 3
CH3–CH2–CH–CH2–CH3
4CH
2
5CH
2—CH
6 3
3 4 5
(3) CH3–CH2–CH–CH2–CH3 3-ethyl-2-methylpentane
H3C–CH–CH3
2 1
1CH3
2 CH—CH
3
5CH
3
CH3
1 2 3 4 5 6
(5) CH3–C–CH2–CH2–CH–CH3 2,2,5-trimethylhexane
CH3 CH3
6 5 4 3 2 1
(6) CH3–CH2–CH—CH–CH2–CH3 3-Ethyl-4-methylhexane
CH3 CH2
CH3
H3C CH3
CH
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
(7) CH3–CH–CH2—C—CH2–CH2–CH3 2-methyl-4-bis(1-methylethyl)heptane
CH3 CH
H3C CH3
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 21
CH2–CH3
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
(8) CH3–CH2–CH2—CH–CH–CH2–CH3 4-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-ethylheptane
H3C–C–CH3
CH3
PROBLEMS
CH 3 CH 3
| |
(1) CH 3CH 2 C CH 2CH 3 (2) CH 3 C — CH CH 2CH 3
| | |
CH 3 CH 3 CH 2CH 3
(5) CH 3 CH CH 2 CH 3
|
H 3C CH CH CH 2 CH 3
|
H 3C CH CH 3
C 2 H 5 CH 3 CH 3
| | |
(6) CH 3CH 2 CH — C — CH 2 CH 2 CH CH 2 CH 2CH 3
|
C(CH 3 )3
(7) ( CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 ) 2 CH — CH CH 2 CH 2 CH 3
|
CH ( CH 3 ) 2
CH 3
|
H 3C CH CH CH 2CH 2 CH 3
|
(8) CH 3 (CH 2 )5 CH CH 2 CH CH 2CH 2 CH 2 CH 3
|
CH 2 CH 3
____________________________________________________________________________________
ANSWERS
(1) 3,3-Dimethylpentane (2) 3-Ethyl-2,2-dimethylpentane
(3) 3,4-Dimethylhexane (4) 4-(1-methylethyl) – 4 – Propyl heptane
(5) 3-Ethyl-2,4,5-trimethylheptane (6) 4-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-3-ethyl-4,7-dimethylhexane
(7) 4-(1-Methylethyl)-5-propyloctane (8) 7-(1,2-Dimethylpentyl)-5-ethyl tridecane
____________________________________________________________________________________
important notes
22 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
MCQ
Q.1 Correct IUPAC nomenclature of the given compound
(A) Hexa–1, 5–dien–3-yne (B) Hex–3–yn–1, 5–diene
(C) Hex dieneyne (D) Hexeneyne
Q.2 Which is the correct order for numbering in the given compound.
2 4 4 2 2 2
(A) (B) (C) (D)
1 3 5 5 3 1 1 3 3 1
Q.3 Write correct IUPAC name for given compound.
(A) Hexa–2, 4–diyne (B) But–2, 4–diyne (C) Pent–2, 4–diyne (D) Tetra–2, 4–diyne
Q.4 Which is correct structure for penta–1, 4–diyne
(A) (B) (C) (D)
___________________________________________________________________________________
ANSWERS
Q.1 (A) Q.2 (A) Q.3 (A) Q.4 (A)
___________________________________________________________________________________
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 23
Rule-2 : A primary suffix is added to the word root to indicate presence at double or triple bond in the parent
chain.
For one double bond = Word root + locant + ene
For one triple bond = Word root + locant + yne
In case the parent chain contains two or more double bonds, the prefixes di, tri, tetra, etc. are used
before primary suffix.
1 2 3 2 1
C CH CH2 – CH = CH2
4 5 6
eg. eg. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – C = CH – CH3
Cyclohexyl eth -1-yne 4–Butylhexa-1-4-diene
Rule-2 : In branched alkene, if unsaturated double bond or triple bond is present in the cyclic ring, then
numbering is done from double bonded carbon of the cyclic ring and follow lowest locant rule properly.
6
1 CH2 – CH3
5
4
eg. 2
3
1-ethyl cyclohex-1-ene
important notes
24 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
MCQ
6 5 4
O 3 2 1 O 4 6 O 5 O
5 1 3
(A) 4 2 (B) 4 6 (C) 3 1 (D) 6 2
3 5 2 1
O O O (D) O
(A) (B) (C)
(A) (B)
(C) (D)
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 25
OH
___________________________________________________________________________________
ANSWERS
Q.1 (A) Q.2 (A) Q.3 (A) Q.4 (A) Q.5 (A) Q.6 (D)
___________________________________________________________________________________
important notes
26 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
TypeI : Groups of this type are not considered as functional groups in IUPAC nomenclature. They are considered
as substituents & therefore represented by prefix. type I functional group & their prefix are shown
below:
Groups Prefix
–F fluoro
– Cl chloro
– Br bromo
–I iodo
– NO2 nitro
– NO nitroso
– OR alkoxy
–C–C–
epoxy
O
Rule I : If two substituents are present on same position from different ends, then priority is decided on the basis
of alphabetical order.
5 4 3 2 1
CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2
| |
Cl Br
Rule II : If multiple bond and type I functional group both are present, the priority is given to multiple bond.
1 2 3 4 5
H3C – CH = CH – CH – CH2 – Cl
Rule III : These groups are written is alphabetical order in IUPAC name.
5 4 3 2 1
eg. (i) CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH – CH3 2-fluoropentane
|
F
F
|
(ii) H3C – CH – CH2 – CH2 – CH – Cl 5-chloro-2-fluoroheptane
|
CH2
|
CH3
F
|
(iii) H3C – CH2 – CH – CH2 – CH – Cl 3-chloro-5-fluoroheptane
|
CH2
|
CH3
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 27
Epoxides :
(1) CH3 – CH – CH2 1, 2-epoxy propane
O
O
(5) 2, 4-epoxy-3-methyl pentane
Type-II : Groups of this type are treated as functional groups and represented by suffix in IUPAC nomenclature.
Priority table for functional group.
important notes
28 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
Note : Double bond & triple bond are not true functional groups.
w.r. Word Root
Rule for their nomenclature :
(1) Selection of parent 'C' chain : longest possible 'C' chain with functional group and having maximum
number of multiple bonds is selected as parent 'C' chain.
CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
|
C OOH
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 29
CHO
(v) | ethandial
CHO
O
||
CH2 = CH – CH – C – Cl
(viii) | 2-(3-chloropropyl) but-3-en-1-oyl chloride
Cl – H2C – H2C – CH2
important notes
30 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
O
||
R–C–O–R
Ester :
alkanoate alkyl
alkyl alkanoate
e.g.
O
||
(i) CH3 – C – O – CH3 Methyl ethanoate
O
||
(ii) H – C – O – CH3 – CH3 ethyl methanoate
O
||
(iii) CH3 – CH – CH2 – C – O – CH3 methyl-4-chloro-3-methyl butanoate
|
CH2 – Cl
O
||
(iv) Cl – CH2 – O – C – CH3 chloromethylethanoate
O
||
C H 2 C O CH 3
|
(vi) H 3C H 2 C CH C O CH 3 methyl-2-ethyl butane-1, 4-dioate.
||
O
Anhydride : Nomenclature of anhydride is done on the basis of the carboxylic acid from which it is obtained.
O
O ||
|| CH3– C
–H2O
CH3–C–OH + CH3 – C – OH O
|| CH3– C
O ||
O
ethanoic acid ethanoic anhydride
O O
|| ||
CH3– C H2O
CH3–C–OH + CH3 –CH2 – C – OH
O
||
H3C–CH2 – C O
||
O
ethanoic propanoic anhydride
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 31
O
||
CH2– C
| O butanedioic anhydride
CH2– C
||
O
O
C Benzene carboxylic
O propanoic anhydride
C
O
O
C Benzene carboxylic-3-phenyl
O propanoic anhydride
C
O
O
C Benzene carboxylic anhydride
O
C
O
O
C
O Benzene carboxylic cyclohexane
C carbocyclic anhydride
OH
|
CH2= CH–CH2–CH–CH–CH3 3–butyl hex–5–en–2–ol
2. |
H3C–H2C–H2C–CH2
important notes
32 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
SH
|
H3C–C – C – CH2 – CH3 2–methylpent–l–ene–3–thiol
3. ||
CH2
Me
|
CH2 – CH – SO3H heptane–2, 5–disulphonic acid
|
4. CH2 – CH – SO3H
|
Et
O
||
CH3–CH = CH – C – CH2 – C– CH2–CH3 5–methylene oct–6-en–3–one
5. ||
CH2
7. 3–ethylhexan–2–amine
NH2
CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH2 – CH3
8. | N–ethyl pentan–3–amine
NH–CH2–CH3
N–Chloromethyl–N–methyl pentan–2–amine
N
9.
Cl
POLYFUNCTIONAL COMPOUNDS
Rule-I : If more than one functional groups are present then one is selected as principal functional group and
represented by suffix. Other functional groups are treated as substituents & represented by prefix.
Selection of principal functional group is done according to priority table
O
||
1. HS CH 2 C H C OH (3–mercapto–2–methylpropanoic acid)
|
CH 3
O
||
2. chloromethanoylchloride
Cl Cl
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 33
O
|| amino methanomide (Urea)
3.
H2N NH2
CN CN
2–ethenyl–2–isocyano propane–1,3–dinitrite
4.
CN
O
3–oxo pentanal
5.
O
O
2-hydroxy-3-oxo pentanoic acid
6. HO
OH
O
O
7. NH2
2–amino ethanomide
NH2
Rule-II : When principal group is selected then there is no use of priority table.
COOH
|
H – C – OH 3–amino–2–hydroxy butane – 1, 4–dioic acid (Incorrect)
|
8. H – C – NH2
| 2 – amino – 3– hydroxybutane –1, 4–dioic acid (Correct)
COOH
Rule-III : If any DON functional group is present as sec. functional group then its 'c' is not included in principal
'c' chain except –CHO group.
O
||
9. NC – H2C – H2C – C – OH 3–cyanopropanoic acid
O
||
CH2 – C – OH
|
10. CH2 – C – Cl 3-Chloro carbonylpropanoic acid
||
O
important notes
34 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
H2 N O
11. Carbamoyl methanoyl chloride
Cl O
12.
H2N 3-Ethylpent-4-yn-1-amide
||
O
Rule-IV : As secondary functional group, if 'C' of –CHO group is included in percent 'c' chain then oxo is used
as prefix, otherwise we use formyl group as prefix.
O O
13. || ||
4–oxobutanoic acid
H C CH 2 CH 2 C OH
O
||
H – C – CH2 – CONH2 2–formyl butane–1, 4–diamide
14. |
CH2 – CONH2
O O O
15. || || ||
Cl – C – CH2 – C– CH2 – C –H 3, 5–dioxopentanoyl chloride
IUPAC nomenclature if DON category functional group is present as principal functional group
& its 'c' is not included in parent 'c' chain
COOH
2. Benzene carboxylic acid
CH2 – CHO
|
CH2 – CHO
3. | Propane–1, 2, 3–tricarbadehyde
CH2 – CHO
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 35
CH2 – COOH
|
CH – CH2– COOH
4. | 3–Carboxymethyl pentane–1, 5–dioic acid
CH2 – COOH
O
||
C
O
5. C Cyclohexane-1, 2–dicarboxylic anhydride
||
O
SOLVED EXAMPLES
important notes
36 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
HO 1C O 5
C H3
| |
CH 3 C C
2 3 4
C H
| |
NH 2 Cl
3 - amino - 4 - chloro - 2 - methyl - 2 - pentenoic acid
O
||
Q.4 IUPAC name of compound CH 3CH 2 O C CH 2CH 2 CH 3 is
(A) Propyl propanoate (B) Ethyl butanoate
(C) Propyl butanoate (D) Ethyl propanoate
Ans. B
1 2 3 4
Sol. CH 3 CH 2 O C C H 2 C H 2 C H 3
MCQ
OH
|
Q.2 The IUPAC Name of compound CH 3 C CH 2 OH is :
|
CH 3
(A) 2–Methyl–1, 2–propanediol (B) Isobutylene glycol
(C) 1-2–Dihydroxy–2–Methyl propane (D) 2–Hydroxy methyl–2–propanol
C H3 O
| ||
Q.3 The IUPAC name of CH 3 CH C CH 2 CH 2OH is -
(A) 1–Hydroxy–4–methyl–3–pentanone (B) 2–Methyl–5–hydoxy–3–pentanone
(C) 4–Methyl–3–oxo–1–pentanol (D) Hexanol–1–one–3
Cl
CH H2 C H2C Br
Q.4 IUPAC name of CH3 CH CH2 CH2
CH3
(A) 2–Chloro–3–methyl–7–bromo heptane (B) 7–Bromo–2–chloro–3–methyl heptane
(C) 1–Bromo–5–methyl–6–chloro heptane (D) 1–Bromo–6–chloro–5–methyl heptane
Q.7 The number of carbon atoms in the principal chain of the given compound are :
CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 C COOH
||
OHC C CH 2 CH 3
(A) 7 (B) 5 (C) 4 (D) 6
Q.10 3–Methyl–2–pentanone is :
O C H3
|| |
(A) CH 3 C CH CH 2 CH 3 (B) CH 3 C H CH 2 COOH
|
CH 3
O
||
(C) CH 3 C H C CH 2 CH 3 (D) CH3–CH2–CH=CH2
|
CH 3
important notes
38 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
H
Q.14 The correct name for C O is :
OH
(A) 2–Hydroxy cyclopentanal (B) 2–Formyl–1–hydroxy cyclopentane
(C) 2–Hydroxy cyclopentane carbaldehyde (D) Cyclopentane–2–ol–1–al
(C) CH 3 C H C H CH 3 (D) CH 3 C H C CH 2 CH 3
| | | ||
OH CH 3 CH 3 O
( 2 Methyl 3 bu tan ol ) (2 – Methyl – 3 – pentanone)
Example :
Cyclopropane Cyclobutane Cyclohexene
1 3
2
2-cyclopentyl-4-methyl hexane
2 1
1 5 2
3
4 3
4
1-ethyl-2-methyl cyclobutane 3-ethyl-1,1-dimethyl cyclopentane
Rule :
Cyclic compounds with functional group is considered as parent chain :
(i)
important notes
40 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
2 1
CH 2COOH
Cyclohexyl ethanoic acid
If FG (–COOH) present on both cyclic and non-cyclic then number of carbon atoms is considered.
cyclopentyl cyclohexane
Rule :
Chain containing multiple bond is selected as parent chain
1 1 3 1
3 2
2
2
3-butyl cyclopropene 1-cyclopentyl ethene 3-cyclopentyl but–1–ene
If ring and non-cyclic side chain both containing double bond then check the number of C atoms and
given parent chain.
4 1'
3 3'
5
2'
1 2
3-(prop-2-enyl) cyclo pent-1-ene
3
2 4
5
1
6
5-propyl cyclohexa-1, 3-diene
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 41
O–C
O
(Parent chain)
Cyclobutyl cyclohexane carboxylate
O
O – C– CH2CH3
– C– NH2 Carboxamide
O
O
eg. C– NH2 Cyclohexane carboxamide
Methylene cyclohexane
Bicyclo compounds : If two rings are fused at two common carbon atoms then compound are known as
bicyclic compound.
Bridge head
Bridge Bridge Bridge
* *
* *
Bridge head
Two common carbon Bridge should be present
important notes
42 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
1
2 6
OC 7 bicylo [2.2.1] heptane–7–carboxylic acid
eg. 3 HO
5
4
1
2
eg. 5 3
6 Bicyclo [2.1.1] hexane
4
1
* *
*
Spiro
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 43
spiro carbon
(1) (2)
eg.
Rule for numbering : - In spiro compounds numbering starts from carbon of smaller ring which is next to spiro
carbon proceeds towards other carbon atoms of smaller ring then towards larger ring via spiro carbon
atom.
COOH 2
4
3
eg. 5 Spiro [2.3] hexane–4–carboxylic acid
6 1
OH
9 10 1
5
eg. 8 2
Spiro [4.5] dec–7–en–1–ol
7 6
4 3
COOH
1 5
4
6–amino spiro [2, 4] heptane–4–carboxylic acid
eg. 3
6
2 NH2
eg.
4
5 3
1
6 2
(1) (2) 1
Cyclopropyl cyclohexane COOH
Cyclohex-2-ene-1-carboxylic acid
3 2
4 2 Cl 1 CONH2
3
(3) 5 (4)
1 COOH 4 5
2-Chloro cyclopentane carboxylic acid Cyclopent-3-ene-1-carboxamide
important notes
44 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
3
2
1 COOH
(5) (6)
2-cyclopropyl cyclopropane
Cyclopropyl cyclohexane carboxylic acid
3 2 4 5 2
4
1 3 3 1 O
1
5 6 NH2 2 COOH 4 6
(7) (8)
3-(6-amino cyclohex-2-enyl) 5
cyclopentane carboxylic acid 2-methylene cycloehexan-1-one
4
4 2
3 5 Cl
1
3 COOH 2 6
(9) (10) 1
NH2
4-Cyclopentyl butanoic acid 5-Chloro cyclohex-2-en-amine
5
1
4
(11) (12) 3 2 Cl
1–cyclobutyl-2-chloro
3-cyclohexyl prop-1-ene cyclopentane
1
3' 1'
4' 2' 3
(13) 2 (14)
O CHO
2 2 1
3 1 O
(15) (16) 4 5 (17) 3 4
2–cyclopentyl cyclo pentanone Cyclobut-2-ene-carbaldehyde
O O
Cyclohexane-1, 3, 5-trione
Rule : - If more than one functional group is present at cyclic chain, then principal function group (PFG) is
selected
O
1 3
COOH
2
2 1
eg. CHO
eg. CHO
PROBLEMS
Write the IUPAC Nomenclature of following compounds :
COOH
OH OH
Cl
(13) (14) (15) (16) O
Cl COOH
CHO O
(17) (18) (19) (20)
CONH2 CHO O
___________________________________________________________________________________
ANSWER
important notes
46 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
Q.1 The hybrid state of C-atoms which are attached to a single bond with each other in the following struc-
ture are : CH2=CH–C CH
(A) sp2, sp (B) sp3, sp (C) sp2, sp2 (D) sp2, sp3
[2030113501]
Q.2 In the compound HCC–CH2–CH=CH–CH3, the C2–C3 bond is the type of :
(A) sp – sp2 (B) sp3 – sp3 (C) sp – sp3 (D) sp2 – sp2
[2030110003]
Q.4 Which of the following is the first member of ester homologous series?
(A) Ethyl ethanoate (B) Methyl ethanoate (C) Methyl methanoate (D) Ethyl methanoate
[2030110457]
Q.5 Which of the following compound’s prefix ‘iso’ is not correct –
(A) Iso pentane (B) Iso Hexane (C) Iso butane (D) Iso octane
[2030110640]
Q.9 How many secondary carbon atoms does methyl cyclopropane have ?
CH2OH OH OH OH
CH3 OH
(A) (B) (C) (D)
[2030110148]
Q.15 The IUPAC name of the following structure is [CH3CH(CH3)]2 C(CH2CH3)C(CH3) C(CH2CH3)2
(A) 3,5-Diethyl-4,6-dimethyl-5-[1-methylethyl]hept-3-ene
(B) 3,5-Diethyl-5-isopropyl-4,6-dimethylhept-2-ene
(C) 3,5-Diethyl-5-propyl-4,6-dimethylhept-3-ene
(D) None of these [2030112101]
important notes
48 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
Q.25 The number of primary, secondary and tertiary carbon atom in toluene is given by the set :
(A) 1, 6, 0 (B) 1, 5, 1 (C) 2, 5, 0 (D) 1, 6, 1
[2030111951]
Q.26 All the following IUPAC names are correct except:
(A) 1-Chloro-1-ethoxy propane (B) 1-Amino-1-ethoxypropane
(C) 1-Ethoxy-2-propanol (D) 1-Ethoxy-1-propanamine
[2030111912]
Q.27 What is the correct IUPAC name for the following compound ?
CH3
|
CH3 (CH2 ) 4 CH C CH2 CH2CH3
| |
CH3 CH2 CH3
(A) 3,4 - Dimethyl -3-propyl nonane (B) 6, 7 - Dimethyl -2- propyl nonane
(C) 6,7- Dimethyl -7- ethyl decane (D) 4- Ethyl- 4, 5-dimethyl decane
[2030111835]
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 49
CH3
|
H3C C CH3
|
CH3 CH2 CH2 CH CH CH2 CH2 CH3
|
H3 C CH
|
CH3
(A) 4-isopropyl-5-ter. butyl octane (B) 4-ter. butyl-5-isopropyl octane
(C) 2-methyl-3-propyl-4-ter. butyl heptane (D) 2, 2-dimethyl-3-propyl-4-isopropyl heptane
[2030111855]
Q.30 As per IUPAC rules, which one of the following groups, will be regarded as the principal functional
group?
(A) –CC– (B) –OH (C) C (D) C H
|| ||
O O
[2030111965]
Q.31 The IUPAC name of the compound Br (Cl) CH.CF3 is :
(A) haloethane (B) 1, 1, 1- trifluoro-2-bromo-2- chloroethane
(C) 2-bromo-2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane (D) 1-bromo-1-chloro-2, 2, 2- trifloro ethane
[2030112068]
Q.32 Which of the following are tertiary radicals :
(a) (CH3)3 C (b) (CH3)2 CH (c) (CH 3 ) 2 C C 2 H 5 (d) (CH3)3C– CH 2
Me Me Me H
| | | |
H C C C C Me
| | | |
Me H Me Me
important notes
50 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
Et Me
Q.35 The IUPAC name of is :
(A) 4-ethyl -3- methyl hexane (B) 3-ethyl -4- methyl hexane
(C) 3-methyl -4- ethyl hexane (D) None of these [2030112560]
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 51
(A) 1,2,3-Tricarboxypropan-2-ol
(B) 2-Hydroxy propane-1,2,3- tricarboxylic acid
(C) 3-Hydroxy-3-carboxypentane-1,5-dioic acid
(D) None
[2030111525]
important notes
52 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
[2030112201]
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 53
[REASONING TYPE]
These questions consists of two statements each, printed as Statement-I and Statement-II. While answering
these Questions you are required to choose any one of the following four responses.
(A) If both Statement-I & Statement-II are True & the Statement-II is a correct explanation of the Statement-
I.
(B) If both Statement-I & Statement-II are True but Statement-II is not a correct explanation of the
Statement-I.
(C) If Statement-I is True but the Statement-II is False.
(D) If Statement-I is False but the Statement-II is True.
Q.3 Statement-I : The IUPAC name of citric acid is 2-hydroxy-propane-1, 2, 3-tricarboxylic acid.
COOH
HOOC COOH
OH
Citric acid
Statement-II : When an unbranched C atom is directly linked to more than two like-functional groups,
then it is named as a derivative of the parent alkane which does not include the C atoms
of the functional groups. [2030113725]
important notes
54 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
O O
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 55
COOH
(B) the common name of is succinic acid
COOH
Me Me
(B) C6H12 with only 2º H atoms (Q) Me
Me Me Me
important notes
56 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
Me Me
(B) Me Me (Q) 17 (1ºH), 2(2º H), 2(3ºH)
Me
Me Me Me
(C) Me (R) 2 (1ºH), 2(2ºH), 2º(3ºH)
Me
Me
Column-I Column-II
Compound Containing all the functional groups
NH2
Ph
(B) Me (Q) 2 acohol
Amphetamine
O
Me
H
(C) (R) Triene
A cockroach repellent
found in cucumbers
(S) Aldehyde and ene
[2030113624]
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 57
O
Ph
O Me
important notes
58 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
Q.1 [2030113777]
Q.2 [2030113828]
Q.3 [2030113523]
Q.4 [2030113574]
Q.5 [2030113625]
Q.7 [2030113727]
OH
Q.8 [2030113778]
Q.9 [2030113829]
Q.10 [2030113524]
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 59
Q.11 [2030113575]
Q.12 [2030113626]
Q.13 [2030113677]
Q.14 [2030113728]
Q.15 [2030113779]
Q.16 [2030113830]
Q.17 [2030113525]
Q.18 [2030113576]
Q.19 [2030113627]
Q.20 [2030113678]
Q.21 [2030113729]
important notes
60 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
Q.22 [2030113780]
Q.23 [2030113831]
Q.24 [2030113526]
Q.25 [2030113577]
Q.26 [2030113628]
O Cl
|| |
Q.27 CH 2 C CH 2 CH CH 3 [2030113679]
Q.28 [2030113730]
Q.29 [2030113781]
Q.30 [2030113832]
Q.31 [2030113527]
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 61
EXERCISE-4
SECTION-A
(IIT JEE Previous Year's Questions)
Q.1 The IUPAC name of the compound having the formula is:
CH 3
|
H 3C C CH CH 2
|
CH 3
(A) 3,3,3-trimethyl-1-propene (B) 1,1,1-trimethyl-2-propene
(C) 3,3-dimethyl-1-butene (D) 2,2-dimethyl-3-butene [JEE 1984]
[2030110004]
Q.4 The number of sigma and pi-bonds in 1-butene 3-yne are: [JEE 1989]
(A) 5 sigma and 5 pi (B) 7 sigma and 3 pi (C) 8 sigma and 2 pi (D) 6 sigma and 4 pi
[2030110299]
CH 3
|
(b) H 3C N — CH CH 2CH 3 [JEE 1991]
| |
CH 3 C 2 H 5
[2030110220]
important notes
62 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
HO
(A) 4-Bromo-3-cyanophenol (B) 2-Bromo-5-hydroxybenzonitrile
(C) 2-Cyano-4-hydroxybromobenzene (D) 6-Bromo-3-hydroxybenzonitrile
[2030110175]
COOH
HOOC–CH2 CH2
H
N– CH – CH – N
(D) H CH2 CH2–COOH
HOOC
[2030110077]
SECTION-B
(AIEEE Previous Year's Questions)
Q.10 The correct decreasing order of priority for the functional groups of organic compounds in the IUPAC
system of nomenclature is [AIEEE 2008]
(A) –SO3H, –COOH, –CONH2, –CHO (B) –CHO, –COOH, –SO3H, –CONH2
(C) –CONH2, –CHO, –SO3H, –COOH (D) –COOH, –SO3H, –CONH2, –CHO
[2030113578]
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 63
EXERCISE-1
EXERCISE-2
EXERCISE-4
SECTION-A
SECTION-B
Q.10 (D)
important notes
64 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
EXERCISE-1
H H sp sp
3
C=C sp2
Q.1 Q.2 HC C – CH2 – CH = CH – CH3
H CC–H
sp
1 2 3 4 5 6
O O
Q.3 H – C C – C – C–CH = CH – C N Q.4 H – C – O – CH3
Acetynilic group
CH3 CH3
CH3
•• ••
Furan Thiophene
Not Iso group
CH3
2º
1º 1º 1º – Carbon 3
CH3 – CH – CH2 – CH2 3º 3º 2º – Carbon 3
Q.7 Q.8
2º 2º 3º – Carbon 3
ISO group 3º
1º
2º CH3
1º 2º – C 2
Q.9 3º Q.10 H3C – C – CH = CH2
3
4 2 1
2º
CH3
3,3-dimethyl-1-butene
Substituent
(ethyl) Substituent Substituent
CH3 (methyl) (ethyl)
Substituent
(methyl) CH3 CH2 CH3 CH2– CH3
Substituent
(1-methylethyl)
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 65
CH3
1 2 3
Q.19 H3C – C C – C – CH3 Q.21 H2C – CH – CH2
1 2 3 4 5
CH3 OH OH OH
4, 4-dimethylpent-1-yne
2º 1º
CH3
sp
3
sp
3
sp 2º 3º 1º – C 1
Q.23 H 3C – CH 2 – C N Q.25 2º – C 5
* 2º 2º 3º – C 1º
2º
(Toluene)
Functional
NH2 group
1-Ethoxy-1-propanamine ()
not
1-Amino-1-Ethyoxypropane (×)
CH3 CH3
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Q.27 CH3 – CH2 – CH2– CH2 – CH2 – CH – C – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
CH2
CH3
4-Ethyl-4, 5-dimethyldecane
Br
H3C – CH2 – CH
Br
Q.28 C3H6Br2 Terminal gem dibromide
Br
CH3 – C – CH3
Br
Non-terminalgem dibromide
important notes
66 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
CH2– CH3
CH3
(1, 1-methylethyl)
or
(isopropyl)
Cl F
CH3
6 5 4 3
Br – C – C – F
Q.31 Q.33 H3C – CH – CH2 – CH – CH2 – CH3
2 1
H F CH3 – CH – CH3
3-Ethyl-2,5-dimethylhexane
1º 1º 1º
CH3 CH3 CH3 H 1º Carbon = 7
1º Hydrogen = 7 × 3 = 21
Q.34 H – C – C – C – C – CH3 3º Carbon = 3
3º 3º 4º 3º 1º
4º Carbon = 1
CH3 H CH3 CH3 2º Carbon = 0
1º 1º 1º
6
Et Me CH3
5
H3C – C – Cl
3 2
Q.35 4 2 Q.36 CH3
3 1 1
2, 4-dimethylhexane
2-chloro-2-methylpropane
2 1
H H H
H3C – CH2 CH2 – CH3 H C – C – N
Q.37 Q.38
3
5 4 C H H H
CH3 – CH2 OH sp3
3-Ethylpentane-3-ol
Ph
CH3 – CH2 – CH – NH2
6 4 3 2 1
2
7 5 3 1 CH3
Q.39 Q.40 2-methyl-1-phenyl propane-1- amine
3-Ethyl-4, 4-dimethylheptane
6 CH3
5 CH2 OH
Q.41
1
2
3
4
5
6 Q.42 CH3 – CH – CH2 – CH – CH3
4 3 2 1
3-ethyl-4-methylhexane 4-methyl-2-hexanol
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 67
2 1 3 2 1
Q.44 CH3 – CH2 – C – COOH Q.45 CH2 – CH – CH2
CH2 CN CN CN
3
Propane-1, 2, 3-tricarbonitrile
2-ethyl-2-propenoic acid
O
1 H2C – C – OH
CH3 O OH
2C
COOH
Q.46 H3C – CH2 – CH – CH2– C – Cl Q.47
5 4 3 2 1 3 CH2COOH
3-Methyl pentamoylchloride 2-Hydroxypropane-1, 2, 3-tricarboxylic acid
NH2
2
COOH
3 3 1
2 4
Q.48 5 Q.49 4 6
1
2-ethyl-3-methyl-1-pentene-4-yne 5
2-aminobenzenecarboxylic acid
CH3
EXERCISE-2
>C=C<
Q.2 As sp hybridised C atoms are planar, they lie in one plane
2
sp2 sp2
Me
Q.5 Isoprene is 4
1 2 3
Me Me
1º
1º 2º 2º
important notes
68 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
Me
(C) Me OH (Propan-2-ol) (correct) (D) CH32 – 1C N (Ethane nitrile)
3
2
1
Me (1º)
(C – S) C6H12(1 D.U., cyclic) 2º
Me (1º)
1º
Me
2º 12 (1º H)
Me 2 (2º H)
Q.17 (A – R) 3º 1º
Me 3º
Me 2 (3º H)
1º 1º
1º
Me
1º 15 (1º H)
Me
(B – P) Me Me 4 (2º H)
1º 3º 2º Me 1º
2º
1º
1 (3º H)
1º 1º 15 (1º H)
Me Me Me
Me 1º 2 (2º H)
(C – S) 1º 4º
Me 3º 2º 1 (3º H)
1º
important notes
notes N OMENCLATURE 69
1º 2º 1º
Me 3º 3º 17 (1º H)
Me OH 2 (2º H)
(D – Q) 1º 4º
Me Me Me
1º 1º 1 (3º H)
EXERCISE-3
5 4
CH3–CH–CH3
Q.1 [ CH3 CH 3
CH2
1
2 CH–CH3
CH3
3-Ethyl-2,4-dimethyl pentane]
1 2 3 4 5
Q.3 [ CH 2 C CH 2 CH CH 3
| |
CH 3 CH CH 3 CH 3
2-Isopropyl-4-methylpentene
or 4-Methyl-2-(methyl ethyl) pentene
[ CH CH C CH
4 3 2 1
Q.4
2 2
|| |
O OH
1-Hydroxybut-3-en-2-one]
Q.5 CH 3 CH C CH 2 OH
|
CH 2 CH 3
2-Ethylbut-2-en-1-ol ]
3 2 1
Q.6 [ CH CH CH 2
| |
NO 2 OH
3-nitroprop-2-en-1-ol ]
OH O
| ||
Q.7 [ CH 2 CH CH C C CH
6 5 4 3 2 1
4-hydroxyhex-5-en-1-yn-3-one ]
important notes
70 N ot e s N OM E N C LAT U R E
Q.8 [ CH 3 C CH 2 C CH 3
|| ||
O O
Pentane-2,4-dione]
CH3
Q.1 H3C – C – CH = CH2
4 3 2 1
CH3
3, 3-Dimethyl-1-butene
Q.2 [ CH 3 CH 2 CH CH COOH
5 4 3 2 1
2-pentene-1-oic acid or 2-pentenoic acid ]
CH3
H
Q.3 H 2C = CH – CH – CH 3 Q.4 H
C = C – C C – H
1 2 3 4
H
3-Methyl-1-Butene
= 7
=3
important notes