What is a Force?

Definition: A force is
a push or pull that
causes an object to
move, stop, or change
direction. In physics,
a force is anything
that makes an object
accelerate.
• It has magnitude
and direction.
 • Its unit used is
Newton(N).
What are the types of
force?
The types of force
are:
NORMAL FORCE Is
a force acting on an
object which is
perpendicular to
the surface where
the object is
located.
FN
GRAVITATIONAL
FORCE Is a force
acting on an object
in relation to its
mass.
Fg
TENSION FORCE
• Is the pulling force
exerted by each
end of a string,
cable, chain, or
similar one-
dimensional
continuous object.
FT
CENTRIPETAL
FORCE
• Is a force that
keeps a body on a
curved path and is
directed toward the
center around
which the body is
moving.
F centripetal
CENTRIFUGAL
FORCE
• Is an apparent
force that acts on a
body moving
around a center,
arising from the
body’s inertia. It is
assumed
theopposite to
centripetal force.
F centrifugal
Activity 1.1 Act out the different type of force.
1. As a group act out the different types of
forces.
2. You have 5 minutes to practice and 1
minute to present.
3. Criteria
1. Clarity of Content----40
2. Mastery -------- 40
3. Teamwork -------- 10
4. Creativity -------- 10
100 points
A ball is applied 2
forces. 5N upward
and 5N to the right.
The net force of the
forces is 10N.
What is net force?
5n

5n

555
What is Net Force?
• It is the sum of all
forces acting in an
object.
• FORMULA:
 • FNet =F1+F2+…
• The unit used is
Newton (N).
How to calculate
Net Force?
1. Draw a picture
showing the forces.
2. Identify all the
forces acting on an
object.
3. Determine their
corresponding
direction.
4. Forces going to
the left and down
will be expressed
with a negative
sign(-), while
positive sign (+) for
those that are
going up.
5. Add all the
forces acting on
the object following
the formula :
FNet =F1+F2+…
Example:
1.
2. Arielle is driving
to the left and
pushes down on
the gas pedal in her
car and causes the
engine to give a
force of 1000 N to
the tires on the car.
Air and ground
resistance push
back on the car to
the right with a
force of 850 N

QUIZ 1.2 APPLY THE

STEPS. ANSWER DIRECTLY.
1.
2.
3. Braden pushes
on a box to the
right with a force
of 50 N, and
Anthony pushes
on the box to the
 left with a force
of 60 N.
ASSIGNMENT:
• Define balanced
and unbalanced
force.
WHICH OF THE TWO
PICTURES HAS BALANCED
FORCES? WHICH HAS
UNBALANCED FORCES?
WHAT IS BALANCED
FORCES?
• BALANCED FORCES
do not cause change in
motion of an object.
– Forces’ MAGNITUDE
ARE EQUAL
– Forces ARE IN
OPPOSITE
DIRECTION
– Net Force IS EQUAL
TO ZERO
– The object IS AT
REST (stationary) OR
MOVES IN CONSTANT
VELOCITY
The object DOES NOT
ACCELERATE
• UNBALANCED
FORCES cause change
in motion of an object.
– Forces’ MAGNITUDE
ARE NOT EQUAL
– Net Force IS NOT
EQUAL TO ZERO
– The object WILL NOT
STAY AT REST
 (stationary) OR MOVES
NOT IN CONSTANT
VELOCITY
The object ACCELERATE
OR DECELERATE
Balanced Forces
 Balanced Forces
Forces are: Objects are:
1. Equal in 1. At Rest
10N 10N magnitude (stationary)
2. And or at
opposite in Constant
direction Velocity

10N 10N
3. Net force is 2. Have No
equal to zero Acceleration
 Unbalanced Forces
10N 20N Forces are: Objects are:
1. Not equal in 1. Not at rest
magnitude or not
10N
moving at
Constant
10N Velocity

10N 2. Net force is

2. Accelerate
10N not equal to
or decelerate
zero
10N
LAWS OF MOTION
• There are 3 laws of
Motion as formulated by
Sir Isaac Newton.
• They are:Law of Inertia
(First Law of Motion)
 -Law of Acceleration
(Second Law of Motion)
-Law of Action Reaction
(Third Law of Motion)
What is the Law of Inertia
about?
• Law of Inertia states
that an object at rest will
stay at rest, and an
object in motion will stay
in motion at constant
velocity, unless acted
 upon by a net force.
(Newton)
• The object at rest
remains at rest unless
acted upon by a net
force.
• The object moving with
a constant velocity will
continue to move at a
constant velocity unless
acted upon by a net
force.
What is needed by an
object to accelerate?
Object must be acted
upon by a net force for it
to accelerate. The
change in velocity or
acceleration does not
happen by the object
itself.
What is inertia? Inertia –
the tendency of things to
resist changes in motion.
(Galileo)
What measures object’s
inertia? The mass of an
object measures the
inertia in an object.
Law of Inertia
-The more matter, the
more inertia.
-The more mass, the
more inertia
What is mass?
Mass is the quantity of
matter in an object.
The unit for mass is
grams (g) or kilograms
(kg).
What is weight?
Weight – The force upon
an object due to gravity.
Weight is very much
dependent on the force
due to gravity that acts
on an object.
Weight itself is a force. Its
unit is newton (N).
QUESTIONs:
1.Could an object have
mass without weight?
Why?
2. Could an object have
weight without having
mass? Why?
3. Which is more difficult to
move, a 2-kg iron ball or a
3-kg iron ball? Why?
4. The moon Luna has
lesser gravitational force
than the earth.
Would it be easier to lift a
bulldozer here on Earth or
to lift it on the moon?
Why?
5. Which is easier to stop if they
are originally moving, a 2-kg iron
ball or a 3-kg iron ball? Why?
Law of Acceleration
states that
acceleration of an
object is directly
proportional to the net
force acting on the
object, and is
inversely proportional
to the mass of the
object.
What are the factors
that could affect
acceleration?
The factors are:
1. Mass
2. Net Force
What is acceleration?
Acceleration is the
rate of change in
velocity (rate of the
distance covered over
a period of time)
What is net force? Net
Force is sum of forces
acting on an object.
Force is a push or pull
applied to an object.
Force causes an
acceleration to
anobject or it can
make an object
accelerate.
Law of Acceleration
Force=mass (acceleration)
or F = m(a)
Where: Unit:
F = force =N
m = mass =g
2 2
aa == acceleration =m/s
=m/s
What is the relationship of
net Force and
acceleration?
Fnet = m(a)
At a constant mass, the
acceleration is directly
proportional to the net
force.
What is the relationship of
net Force and
acceleration?
Fnet = m(a) Fnet = N
If force is increased,
acceleration also
increases.
If force is decreased,
acceleration also
decreases.
What is the relationship
of mass and
acceleration?
F= ma a= F
m m m
At a constant force, the
acceleration is inversely
proportional to mass.
At a constant force, the
acceleration is inversely
proportional to mass.