Reactor Design II- Fourth Year

Dr.Ali N.Khalaf

Net Rates
The net rate of reaction of B will be the rate of formation of B in reaction (1) plus the
rate of formation of B in reaction (2)

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 Reactor Design II- Fourth Year
Dr.Ali N.Khalaf

At time t = 0, CB = 0. Solving Equation (E8-3. 13) gives:

2C. Mole Balance on C:

The mole balance on C is similar to Equation (E8-3.1)

The rate of formation of C is just the rate of disappearance of B in reaction (2), ie., rc =
-r2B = k2Cs

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 Reactor Design II- Fourth Year
Dr.Ali N.Khalaf

Note that as t →∞ then Cc = CAo as expected. We also note the concentration of C, Cc.
could have been obtained more easily from an overall balance.

The concentration of A, B, and C are shown as a function of time below

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 Reactor Design II- Fourth Year
Dr.Ali N.Khalaf

Optimum Yield
We note from Figure that the concentration of B goes through a maximum.
Consequently, to find the maximum we need to differentiate Equation ES-3.14 and set
it to zero.

Solving for tmax gives:

Substituting Equation (ES-3.20) into Equation (E8-3.5), we find the concentration of A

at the maximum for CB is

Similarly, the concentration of B at the maximum is

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 Reactor Design II- Fourth Year
Dr.Ali N.Khalaf

5. Evaluate: For CAo = 2 mol\dm3, k1 = 0.5h- 1 and k2 = 0.2h- 1 the concentrations as

function of time are:

Substituting in Equation (E8-3.20) gives

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 Reactor Design II- Fourth Year
Dr.Ali N.Khalaf

Part (c) The selectivity is

5.2: Series Reactions in a CSTR:

The reactions discussed in Example 8-3 are now to be carried out in a CSTR.
A→B →C
(a) Determine the exit concentrations from the CSTR.
(b) Find the value of the space time that will maximize the concentration of B.

Dividing by v0, rearranging and recalling that τ= V\v0 , we obtain

CAO- CA + rA τ = 0
b. Rates
The laws and net rates are the same as in Example 8-3.
Reaction I : -rA=k1 CA
c. Combining the mole balance of A with the rate of disappearance of A
CAO- CA - k1 CA τ = 0

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 Reactor Design II- Fourth Year
Dr.Ali N.Khalaf

We now use the same algorithm for Species B we did for Species A to solve for the
concentration of B
2. a. Mole Balance on B:

b. Rates: The laws and net rates are the same as in Example

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 Reactor Design II- Fourth Year
Dr.Ali N.Khalaf

Part (b) Optimum Concentration of B

To find the maximum concentration of B, we set the differential of Equation (E8-4.8)
with respect to τ equal to zero

Substituting Equation (E8-4. 11 ) for τmax in Equation (E8-4. l2)

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 Reactor Design II- Fourth Year
Dr.Ali N.Khalaf

Rearranging we find the concentration of B at the optimum space time is

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 Reactor Design II- Fourth Year
Dr.Ali N.Khalaf

5.3: Series Reactions in a PFR:

If the series reaction were carried out in a PFR, the results would essentially be those
of a batch reactor where we replaced the time variable "t" with the space time, "τ".
Data for the series reaction

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 Reactor Design II- Fourth Year
Dr.Ali N.Khalaf

Example 5:

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 Reactor Design II- Fourth Year
Dr.Ali N.Khalaf

Solution: Batch System

Solution for CSTR

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 Reactor Design II- Fourth Year
Dr.Ali N.Khalaf

Example 6:

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 Reactor Design II- Fourth Year
Dr.Ali N.Khalaf

Solution: Part a

CA*=0.032 mol/dm3
Solution: Part b, c

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 Reactor Design II- Fourth Year
Dr.Ali N.Khalaf

Solution: Part d

Solution: Part e

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 Reactor Design II- Fourth Year
Dr.Ali N.Khalaf

Solution: Part f

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 Reactor Design II- Fourth Year
Dr.Ali N.Khalaf

Solution: part f and g

Example 7:

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