CHAPTER 12: COORDINATION AND RESPONSE

Objective Items

12.1 Coordination And Response

1. Specialised endings of nerve fibre that detect information are called….

A. Effectors
B. Sensory receptor
C. Stimuli
D. The integrating centre

2. The afferent pathway is the transmission of nerve impulses from the

A. Effectors to the sensory receptors
B. Integrating centre to the effectors
C. Sensory receptors to the effectors
D. Sensory receptors to the integrating centre

3. What is meant by stimulus?

A. A change in the level of the factor being regulated

B. A structure to detect an environmental change
C. To enable the receptor to detect changes brought about by the effectors
D. To receive integrate information and to trigger action that will correct the change
in stimulus

12-1 BIOLOGY QUESTIONS BANK

4. The figure shows a biological control system.

P Q Integrating centre

Response R

What could be P, Q and R?

P Q R

A Receptor Stimulus Nerve impulse

B Stimulus Receptor Effector

C Receptor Effector Stimulus

D Stimulus Effector Receptor

5. Coordination and response are carried out by the

I lymphatic system
II endocrine system
III circulatory system
IV nervous system
A. I and III only
B. I and IV only
C. II and IV only
D. III and IV only

12.2 The Role Of The Human Nervous System

6. What is the function of cerebrum?

A. Initiates and controls all voluntary actions

B. Coordinates movement and maintains body balance
C. Controls and coordinates all involuntary actions
D. Controls all voluntary and involuntary actions

12-2 BIOLOGY QUESTIONS BANK

7. Which of the following is an example of a voluntary action?

A. Knee jerk reflex

B. Dilation of eye pupil in a dark room
C. A boy kicks a ball
D. Quick withdrawal of the hand when it touches a hot object

8. Which of the following parts of the brain plays a regulating role in homeostasis?

A. Cerebellum
B. Medulla oblongata
C. Hypothalamus
D. Cerebrum

9. Which of the following are true about synapses?

I A synapse is a narrow space between two neurons

II A neuron may has a synaptic connection with many other neurons
III Nerve impulse can only flow through synapse in one direction
IV The transmission of nerve impulse across a synapse can be affected by
drugs

A. I and II only
B. II and IV only
C. I, II and IV only
D. I, II, III and IV

10. Some nerves carry impulses much faster than others. What could be the reason for the
difference?

A. This nerve has a very short axon

B. These nerves are made of myelinated neurons
C. The absence of myelin sheath speed up nerve impulses
D. The neurons in these nerves have more dendrite than others

12-3 BIOLOGY QUESTIONS BANK

12.3 The role of hormones in humans

11. Which of the following is a correct match between the endocrine organ that produces
the hormone insulin and its target organ?

Endocrine organ Target organ

A Pancreas Liver

B Pancreas Kidney

C Pituitary gland Liver

D Pituitary gland Skeletal muscle

12. The suitable hormone to treat a person who suffers dwarfism is

A. Sex hormone
B. Growth hormone
C. Thyroxine
D. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone

13. The table shows the effects of hormone X

 Produced by corpus luteum or placenta

 Promotes growth of endometrium and prevents menstruation

What is X?

A. Oestrogen
B. Progesterone
C. Luteinising hormone
D. Follicle-stimulating hormone

12-4 BIOLOGY QUESTIONS BANK

14. Which of the following is not a difference between the nervous system and the
endocrine system?

Nervous system Endocrine system

A Consists of neurons Consists of ductless glands

B Impulses transmitted along neurons Hormones are transported by blood

C Quick response Requires a longer time

D Many effects are generally long Many effects are usually not long
lasting lasting

15 A person is chased by a fierce dog. What are the reactions in the person’s body?
. I The metabolic rate increases
II The body temperature decreases
III The blood glucose level increases
IV The rate of heartbeat decreases

A. I and III only

B. I and IV only
C. II and IV only
D. I,II and III only

12.4 Homeostasis In Human

16 Which of the following is an example of homeostasis?

A The maintenance of body balance

B The secretion of saliva at the side of food
C The secretion of insulin after a meal
D The absorption of digested food by the small intestine

17. The urine of a diabetic is likely to contain an abnormal amount of

A Urea
B Amino acid
C Fatty acid
D Glucose

12-5 BIOLOGY QUESTIONS BANK

18. The pituitary gland is often referred to as the master endocrine gland, this is because

A It is the largest gland in the body

B It is located in the brain
C It is the most productive endocrine gland
D It controls many other endocrine glands

19 Which of the following shows the correct sequence of three stages involved in the
formation of urine?

A Ultrafiltration, reabsorption, active secretion

B Ultrafiltration, active secretion, reabsorption
C active secretion, ultrafiltration, reabsorb
D active secretion, reabsorb, ultrafiltration

20 What changes are likely to occur when a person walks from a very cold room into a hot
kitchen?

Sweating Shivering Skin blood vessels

A Increases Decreases Dilates
B Decreases Increases Dilates
C Increases Decreases Constrict
D Increases Increases Constrict

12.6 Plant Hormone

21 Which of the following plant hormones induce parthenocarpy ?

A. Gibbrellin
B. Auxin
C. Ethene
D. Ethylene

22 Which of the following statements is not true about plant tropism

12-6 BIOLOGY QUESTIONS BANK

 A. The response is towards a unilateral stimulus
B. The directions of response is determine by the directions of an external stimulus.
C Tropism is a growth response of the whole plant to external stimuli.
D Phototropism is cause by uneven distribution of auxins.

23 Phytohormone X is a gas produced in plant tissues. It promotes fruit ripening. What is X?

A Auxin
B Abcisic acid
C Ethene
D Gibberalin acids

24 Which of the following is naturally occurring auxin ?

A Indoleacetic acid
B Absicic acid
C Gibberellic acid
D Cytokinin

25 Which of the following is not a correct match?

Hormone Effect
A Absicic acid Stimulate stomatal opening
B Auxin Stimulate parthenocarpy
C Stimulates elongation and
Gibberellic acid
growth of stem
D Ethene Promote food ripening

Structured Items

12.2 The Role of the Human Nervous System

12-7 BIOLOGY QUESTIONS BANK

1. The diagram below shows a cross section of the spinal cord of a small mammal.

Y
X

(a). Name the structure labeled X and Y

[2 marks]

X: ……………………………… Y: ………………………………

(b). On the diagram, draw and label the neurons involved in the pathway of nerve
impulses [3 marks]

(c) Describe the pathway involved in the transmission of nerves impulses which
result in the reflection when a hot object was touched.

…………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………..

12-8 BIOLOGY QUESTIONS BANK

 …………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
[4marks]

(d) Explain the effects or responses if the efferent neuron is damaged

…………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
[2 marks]

12.3 The Role Of Hormones In Humans

2.

(a) Name the endocrine glands labeled P, Q, R, S and T

[3 Marks]
P: ………………………………
Q: ………………………………
R: ………………………………
S: ………………………………
T: ………………………………

(b) Name a hormone that is produced by the main gland that control the secretion of
gland Q

12-9 BIOLOGY QUESTIONS BANK

 [1 Mark]
……………………………………………………………………………………………..

(c). Name a hormone that is secreted by gland Q

[1 Mark]
……………………………………………………………………………………………..

(d) State two functions of the hormone in question c

[2 Marks]
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………….

(e) Explain what would happen if a diet for a young child is deficient in iodine
[2 Marks]
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………………………………….

(f) State the effect of hormonal imbalance of insulin

……………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
.…………………………………………………………………………………………….
[2 Marks]

12.4 Homeostasis in Human

3. An experiment was carried out to determine how the level of glucose in the blood varies
in a normal person. Blood samples were taken every two hours for a period of 14 hours.
During this period, three meals were taken: breakfast 0700, lunch at 1300 and tea at
1700. The results are tabulated in table 1

12-10 BIOLOGY QUESTIONS BANK

 Time Blood glucose level
(mmol / dm3)
0700 4.6
0900 6.0
1100 5.3
1300 4.9
1500 6.2
1700 5.0
1900 4.7
2100 4.5

a. Plot a graph of blood glucose level against time

[3 Marks]

b. Base on the graph; explain the changes of the blood glucose level

I. Between 0700 and 0900 hours

..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

II. Between 0900 and 1300 hours

..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

III. Determine the blood glucose level at 1200

..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[3 Marks]

c. Explain how the changes in b) I and b) II are brought about?

..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

12-11 BIOLOGY QUESTIONS BANK

 ..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[4 Marks]
Give two reasons why the blood glucose level after breakfast differs from that after tea

..
…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
………..…………………………………………………………………………………………..
..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[2 marks]

12.6 Plant Hormone

5. The statements below refer to some effects of two groups of plants growth
substances, auxins and gibberellins. If the statement is correct place a tick (√) in the
appropriate box and if the statement is incorrect place a cross (X) in the appropriate box

[4 marks]

Effect Auxins Gibberellins

Promote cell elongation

Promote root formation in

cuttings and calluses
Promote fruit ripening

Inhibit lateral bud

development
Promote the breaking of
dormancy in seeds

a) Graph shows the effects of different concentrations of auxin on the growth responses of
shoots and roots. Using the information from the graph, what are the optimal auxin
concentration for maximum shoot growth and root growth?
[2 marks]

Shoot: ………………………………………………………………………………………………..
Root: ………………………………………………………………………………………………..

b) State two differences between responses of shoot and root growth

..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..

12-12 BIOLOGY QUESTIONS BANK

 ..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
..…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[4 marks]

Essay Items

12.2 The Role of the Human Nervous System

1 (a) (i) What is meant by the term of synapse

[2 marks]

12-13 BIOLOGY QUESTIONS BANK

 (ii) Explain the event as a nerve impulse is transmitted across a synapse
[4 marks]

(b) Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases are related to nervous system. Explain the
causes and the effects of the diseases on victims.
[4 marks]

(c) In an accident, a motorist was seriously injured and was sent to a nearby
hospital. A doctor is going to do a knee jerk test to examine the patient’s nerve
system. Draw the reflect arch and describe the pathway involved in the
transmission of nerve impulses which result in the reflect action.
[10 marks]

2 (a) The pituitary gland is regarded as the “ master “ endocrine gland

Explain the statement above
[2 Marks]

(b) After watching a horror movie at a cinema, Salim went back to his home. On the
way home, he saw a monster exactly the same as he watched in the movie. He
was very shocked and frightened. So he ran away as fast as he could.

Explain the involvement of both the nervous system and the endocrine system in
that critical situation
[8 Marks]

12-14 BIOLOGY QUESTIONS BANK

3 (a) Explain how the body of a healthy person restores the blood sugar level to
normal if the level drops too low
[6 marks]

(b) (i) Complete the diagram and state the role of the nephron
[4 marks]

(ii) Describe the urine formation

[10 marks]

4 (a) Explain the terms:

[4 marks]
(i) Phototropism

(ii) Geotropism

(b) Explain the role of auxins in tropism

[10 marks]

(c) State 3 types of hormones and its uses in agriculture

[6 marks]

12-15 BIOLOGY QUESTIONS BANK