Heat Loss From An Insulated Pipe

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Fluid
Pipe Inside Diameter (D1) 2500.0 mm
Air
Outside Diameter (D2) 2520 mm
Operating Temperature 15.0 °C Insulation
Ambient Temperature 45.0 °C
Wind Speed 3.50 m/s Pipe

Insulation Insulated Pipe

Type Calcium Silicate Surface Temperature
Surface Emmisivity 0.9 Heat Loss
Thickness 50 mm Bare Pipe
Outside Diameter D3 2620 mm Surface Temperature
Heat Loss
Calculation for Insulated Pipe
Iterations 1 2 3
Surface Temperature t_surface °C 46 #NAME? #NAME?
Interface Temperature t_interface °C 14.0 #NAME? #NAME?
Air Properties
Average Film Temperature t_average °C 45.5 #NAME? #NAME?
°K 318.65 #NAME? #NAME?
Thermal Conductivity k W/m.K 0.0277 #NAME? #NAME?
Viscosity µ N/s.m² 1.94E-05 #NAME? #NAME?
Prandtl Number Pr 0.703 #NAME? #NAME?
Expansion Coefficient β 1/K 0.0031382394477 #NAME? #NAME?
Air Density ρ Kg/m³ 1.1091 #NAME? #NAME?
Kinematic Viscosity ν m2/s 1.77E-05 #NAME? #NAME?
Specific Heat Cp kJ/Kg.K 1.01 #NAME? #NAME?
alpha α m²/s 2.52E-05 #NAME? #NAME?
Reynold's Number Re 518022 #NAME? #NAME?
Rayleigh Number Ra 1240090653 #NAME? #NAME?

Air Film Resistance

Radiation h_radiation W/m².K #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Convection
Forced Convection Nu_forced 716.3 #NAME? #NAME?
h_forced W/m².K 7.58 #NAME? #NAME?
Free Convection Nu_free 123.71 #NAME? #NAME?
h_free W/m².K 1.31 #NAME? #NAME?
Combined Convection Nu_Combined 716.4 #NAME? #NAME?
h_convection W/m².K 7.58 #NAME? #NAME?
Overall air side HTC h_air W/m².K #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Pipe Resistance
Pipe Thermal conductivity k_pipe W/m.K 64.33 64.33 64.33
Pipe wall resistance r_pipe m².K/W 0.00016 0.00016 0.00016
 Heat Loss From An Insulated Pipe
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Fluid
Insulation Resistance
Average Insulation temperature °K 303.15 #NAME? #NAME?
Insulation Thermal conductivity k_insulation W/m.K 0.05472 #NAME? #NAME?
Insulation resistance r_insulation m².K/W 0.93 #NAME? #NAME?
Overall Resistance r_overall m².K/W #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Heat Flow Q W/m² #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Interface Temperature T_interface °C #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Surface Temeperature T_surface °C #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
Heat Loss per Unit Length W/m #NAME? #NAME? #NAME?
 Heat Loss From An Insulated Pipe
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Fluid
Calculation for Bare Pipe
Iterations 1 2 3
Surface Temperature t_surface °C 46.0 15.1 15.1
Bare Pipe Emissivity 0.8 0.8 0.8
Air Properties
Average Film Temperature t_average °C 45.5 30.03 30.03
°K 318.65 303.18 303.18
Thermal Conductivity k W/m.K 0.0277 0.0265 0.0265
Viscosity µ N/s.m² 1.94E-05 1.86E-05 1.86E-05
Prandtl Number Pr 0.703 0.707 0.707
Expansion Coefficient β 1/K 0.0031382394477 0.00329835359 0.00329836527204
Air Density ρ Kg/m3 1.1091 1.1657 1.1657
Kinematic Viscosity ν m²/s 1.77E-05 1.62E-05 1.62E-05
Specific Heat Cp kJ/Kg.K 1.01 1.01 1.01
alpha α m²/s 2.52E-05 2.29E-05 2.29E-05
Reynold's Number Re 498250 544181 544185
Rayleigh Number Ra 1103446249 41694283914 41697968566

Air Film Resistance

Radiation h_radiation W/m².K 5.87 5.07 5.07
Convection
Forced Convection Nu_forced 694.4 746.5 746.5
h_forced W/m².K 7.64 7.85 7.85
Free Convection Nu_free 119.24 380.70 380.71
h_free W/m².K 1.31 4.00 4.00
Combined Convection Nu_Combined 694.6 758.8 758.8
h_convection W/m².K 7.64 7.98 7.98
Overall air side HTC h_air W/m².K 13.51 13.05 13.05
Pipe Resistance
Pipe Thermal conductivity k_pipe W/m.K 64.33 64.33 64.33
Pipe wall resistance r_pipe m².K/W 0.00016 0.00016 0.00016
Overall Resistance r_overall m².K/W 0.074 0.077 0.077
Heat Flow Q W/m² -404.49 -390.73 -390.73
Interface Temperature T_interface °C 15.1 15.1 15.1
Heat Loss per Unit Length W/m -3202.29 -3093.33 -3093.32
9-July-16
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D1 D2 D3

#NAME? °C
#NAME? W/m

15.1 °C
-3093.3 W/m

4 5
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?

#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?

#NAME? #NAME?

#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?

64.33 64.33
0.00016 0.00016
9-July-16
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#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
#NAME? #NAME?
9-July-16
CheGuide

4 5
15.1 15.1
0.8 0.8

30.03 30.03
303.18 303.18
0.0265 0.0265
1.86E-05 1.86E-05
0.707 0.707
0.003298365273 0.0032983652727
1.1657 1.1657
1.62E-05 1.62E-05
1.01 1.01
2.29E-05 2.29E-05
544185 544185
41697968761 41697968761

5.07 5.07

746.5 746.5
7.85 7.85
380.71 380.71
4.00 4.00
758.8 758.8
7.98 7.98
13.05 13.05

64.33 64.33
0.00016 0.00016
0.077 0.077
-390.73 -390.73
15.1 15.1
-3093.32 -3093.32
 Thermophysical properties of Air
CheGuide.com Date 19-Dec-15
Chemical Engineer's Guide By CheGuide

Literature Values Calculated Values

T Cp µ.10^7 ν.10^6 k.10^3 α.10^6 Pr Cp µ.10^7 ν.10^6 k.10^3 α.10^6 Pr
K kJ/Kg.K N.s/m2 m2/s w/m.K m2/s kJ/Kg.K N.s/m2 m2/s w/m.K m2/s
100 1.032 71.1 2.00 9.34 2.54 0.786 1.029 71.2 1.95 9.40 2.76 0.784
150 1.012 103.4 4.43 13.80 5.84 0.758 1.016 103.2 4.45 13.77 5.69 0.759
200 1.007 132.5 7.59 18.10 10.30 0.737 1.009 132.6 7.64 18.06 10.10 0.738
250 1.006 159.6 11.44 22.30 15.90 0.720 1.005 159.7 11.48 22.23 15.76 0.721
300 1.007 184.6 15.89 26.30 22.50 0.707 1.005 184.8 15.91 26.26 22.48 0.707
350 1.009 208.2 20.92 30.00 29.90 0.700 1.008 208.2 20.89 30.13 30.09 0.697
400 1.014 230.1 26.41 33.80 38.30 0.690 1.014 230.0 26.37 33.84 38.43 0.690
450 1.021 250.7 32.39 37.30 47.20 0.686 1.021 250.5 32.34 37.36 47.37 0.685
500 1.030 270.1 38.79 40.70 56.70 0.684 1.030 269.9 38.74 40.70 56.81 0.683
550 1.040 288.4 45.57 43.90 66.70 0.683 1.041 288.4 45.55 43.87 66.64 0.684
600 1.051 305.8 52.69 46.90 76.90 0.685 1.052 305.9 52.74 46.85 76.79 0.686
650 1.063 322.5 60.21 49.70 87.30 0.690 1.063 322.8 60.29 49.67 87.22 0.691
700 1.075 338.8 68.10 52.40 98.00 0.695 1.075 338.9 68.18 52.34 97.88 0.696
750 1.087 354.6 76.37 54.90 109.00 0.702 1.087 354.5 76.39 54.89 108.78 0.702
800 1.099 369.8 84.93 57.30 120.00 0.709 1.098 369.6 84.91 57.32 119.92 0.708
850 1.110 384.3 93.80 59.60 131.00 0.716 1.110 384.1 93.73 59.68 131.33 0.714
900 1.121 398.1 102.90 62.00 143.00 0.720 1.121 398.1 102.84 62.00 143.06 0.720
950 1.131 411.3 112.20 64.30 155.00 0.723 1.131 411.5 112.24 64.31 155.18 0.724
1000 1.141 424.4 121.90 66.70 168.00 0.726 1.141 424.3 121.93 66.67 167.78 0.726

Source : Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer (2007), Frank P Incropera

 4th Order Polynomial Fitting
Specific Heat Curve Fitting
C1.T^4 C2.T^3 C3.T^2 C4.T C5
3.037237362E-13 -1.113199569E-09 1.443822734E-06 -0.000565338776 1.0722383901
1.010136909E-13 2.234837889E-10 1.687059059E-07 4.989424901E-05 0.0046703615
0.999042212985 0.0016371331436 #N/A #N/A #N/A

Viscosity Curve Fitting

C1.T^4 C2.T^3 C3.T^2 C4.T C5
-1.586E-10 5.115E-07 -7.246E-04 7.978E-01 -1.850E+00
1.054183445E-11 2.332286925E-08 1.760622461E-05 0.005206986384 0.4874010389
0.999998060178 0.170851955011 #N/A #N/A #N/A

Kinematic Viscosity Curve Fitting

C1.T^4 C2.T^3 C3.T^2 C4.T C5
2.25852005E-11 -8.320928493E-08 0.000172673155 0.010637280178 -0.761083591
3.432282841E-12 7.593619904E-09 5.732355493E-06 0.001695326378 0.1586913767
0.999998380786 0.0556271525781 #N/A #N/A #N/A

Thermal Conductivity Curve Fitting

C1.T^4 C2.T^3 C3.T^2 C4.T C5
3.171763401E-11 -5.902293904E-08 4.585308598E-06 0.088867887585 0.5200722394
3.722127058E-12 8.234874402E-09 6.216432757E-06 0.001838490729 0.1720923055
0.999991079922 0.0603246700071 #N/A #N/A #N/A

Alpha Curve Fitting

C1.T^4 C2.T^3 C3.T^2 C4.T C5
1.355686356E-10 -3.805876778E-07 0.000446482544 -0.035935527709 2.2544891641
1.175144781E-11 2.5999031E-08 1.962643509E-05 0.005804457375 0.5433274347
0.999990160622 0.1904562096223 #N/A #N/A #N/A

Prandtl Number Curve Fitting

C1.T^4 C2.T^3 C3.T^2 C4.T C5
-2.08437858E-13 -1.727872343E-11 8.006242938E-07 -0.000694605926 0.8457812178
8.631289139E-14 1.9095958E-10 1.441536726E-07 4.263300208E-05 0.003990671
0.997930290435 0.0013988766662 #N/A #N/A #N/A
Thermophysical properties of Air
CheGuide.com Date 19-Dec-15
Chemical Engineer's Guide By CheGuide

Thermal Conductivity of Plain Carbon Steel

T K K Calculated 3rd Order Polynomial Curve Fitting
K W/m.K W/m.K C1.T^3 C2.T^2 C3.T C4
400 58.7 58.70 2.08E-09 8.15E-19 -5.11E-02 79
600 48.8 48.80 0 0 0 0
800 39.2 39.20 1 0 #N/A #N/A
1000 30.0 30.00

Thermal Conductivity of Calcium Silicate

T K K Calculated
K W/m.K W/m.K 4th Order Polynomial Curve Fitting
310 0.055 0.0551 C1.T^4 C2.T^3 C3.T^2 C4.T C5
365 0.059 0.0587 3.157115E-13 -7.5E-10 7.3655E-07 -0.000225 0.0733360404
420 0.063 0.0633 9.115007E-13 1.92E-09 1.4674E-06 0.0004836 0.0578556791
530 0.075 0.0748 0.9998638005 0.0005 #N/A #N/A #N/A
645 0.089 0.0891
750 0.104 0.1040

Source : Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer (2007), Frank P Incropera