Chaitra 11 Baisakh 22 Asadh 25, 29 Committee Final

Purbanchal University
Faculty of Medical and Allied Sciences
Bachelor of Public Health
Preliminaries
Course title
Public Health Microbiology, Parasitology, Bacteriology, Virology, and Immunology

First Year
First Semester
Course Code: BPH 101.3 PHM

Credit hours: 3 Cr. (48 hrs)

Full marks: 100
Pass marks: 50

Course description
The course aims to impart the basic concepts in general microbiology, parasitology, immunology and
disease development. The course also aims to develop the basic laboratory skills in identifying and
diagnosing the fungal, bacterial, viral and parasites related causal agents, organisms and diseases.
Course objectives
Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to:
To provide the basic concepts in public health microbiology, (bacteriology, virology, parasitology,
mycology), and immunology and disease processes.
Describe the concepts of important microbial diseases in communities (fungal, parasitic, bacterial,
viral).
Describe the lifecycle of common intestinal and blood parasites, treatment prevention and control of
parasitic diseases
Describe concepts of host-parasite relationship, normal flora, opportunistic, nosocomial and pathogenic
microorganisms.
Describe the basic laboratory concept related to the methods of sterilization and ways of making
pathogenic free environment and universal precaution and PEP
Understand the mechanism and development of immunity.
Describe the selection, collection and transportation, storage and processing of specimens.
Course Contents
Unit 1: Introduction of public health microbiology 6 Hours
Definition of microbiology
Need of knowledge and skill on microbiology for public health practitioners:
To help maintain healthy status of te people by maintaining the normal flora of microbes in human
body
To understand the microbial phenomena of food and nutrients to promote safe and healthy diet
To understand the scientific basis of public health actions such as promoting and protecting health,
prevention of disease, control of epidemics and early detection
To have a scientific basis for health education of the public regarding health and diseases
To understand the microbiological base of traditional health and disease related prescriptions, rules,
rituals, taboos and healing practices

3. Overview of functions of public health practitioners needing knowledge and skills of microbiology
4. Introduction to health promoting microbes (microbiota)
 4.1 Distinguish between health promoting and health demoting microbes
4.2 Morphology and classification of health promoting microbes, including bacteria: their
physiology and growth factor
4.3 Mechanisms the ways health promoting microbes help maintain and promote health of the
people
4.4 Cultural microbiology (of health promoting):
Cultural perception of health promoting microbes
Traditional ways of dealing with health promoting microbes
5. Public health actions in favor of health promoting microbes (Individual and community level)
Preservation, Protection, Facilitation
6. Introduction to health demoting (harmful to human health) microbes
6.1 Health demoting: Bringing a state of disease and infirmity
6,2 Microbes that are responsible for a state of disease or infirmity :Bacteria, Fungi, Parasite
(Rickettsia, Chlamydia)
6. 3. Cultural microbiology (of health demoting):
Cultural perception of health demoting microbes
Traditional ways of dealing with health demoting microbes
7. Public health actions against health demoting microbes (Individual and community level):
Prevention, Control, Containment

Unit 2: Public health Bacteriology 10 Hours

Definition of bacteriology and its public health importance
Scope of public health bacteriology
Bacteria-Meaning, morphology and classification of bacteria.
Normal bacterial flora on or in the body and benefit and harmful effect of normal flora (GI, GU, URT)
Bacterial physiology and its growth factors
Concept of opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria.
Mechanism of infection and pathogenesis
Infection or disease caused by Bacteria
Morphology, mechanism of pathogenesis and prevention and control of some of the community
concerned bacteria (Respiratory, genital and gastrointestinal diseases)

Unit 3: Public Health Parasitology 10 Hours

Scope and public health importance of parasites and parasitology
Definition of Parasite and classification of human parasite (Protozoan ,Helminthic)
Epidemiology, life-cycle, pathogenesis and pathogenicity, diagnosis and prevention and control
measures of following parasites;
Protozoa – Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis, Plasmodium, Leishmania donovani,
Trichomoniasis
Helminths – Ascaris lumbricoides, Anchylostoma duodelals and N. americans, Enterobius
vermicularis, Trichiuris trichiura, Taenia solium, Taenia saginata, Echinococcu sgranulosus and
Hymenolepsis nana and Wouchereria bancrofti.

Unit 5: Public Health Virology 6 Hours

Definition and Public Health Importance of Virology
Introduction (Meaning, Morphology, Classification of virus)
Replication of virus, Cultivation of viruses
Virus good for health (Vaccine, Normal Flora)
Introduction to viral diseases of public health concern (Influenza, Measles, Arbovinuses, Retrovirus,
Rotavirus, Corona viruses, Picorna virus, Adenovirus)
Mechanism of infection and pathogenesis, Transmission.
Prevention and control of viral diseases

Unit 6: Public Health Mycology 3 Hours

Definition of mycology, Fungi good for health, particularly those related to fermented ethnic foods of
Nepal, and benefit of Fungi
Classification and methods of identification of fungal disease
Mycosis- Dermatomycoses, Candidiasis and Aspergillusis.

Unit 7: Basic Laboratory concept for Public Health 5 Hours

Introduction of laboratory protocols, study of universal precaution related to lab safety and post
exposure prophylaxis
Principle of microscopy and study of different parts of light microscope
Definition –Sterilization, Disinfection and Antiseptic
Sterilization -Physical, chemical and radiation
Method of disinfection and their importance

Unit 8: Microbiology and Public Health Immunology 8 Hours

Meaning, Definition of immunology, Microbial agents and Antigen, Antibody, Immunity and its health
protecting functions even after human expose to pathogenic microbes
Introduction to Immunology- Innate and Adoptive Immunity, Active and Passive immunity, Antigen,
Antibodies and their types, Immunopathology
Cells and Organ Involved in Immune System- Lymphoid cells
Defense Mechanism First line defense mechanism Second line
Third line Defense Mechanism of body
Cellular Immunity- T-cell dependent and T-cell independent, Antibody dependent and Antibody
independent. Humoral Immunity- Antigen Presentation and Processing, micro-nutrients in immunity
Hypersensitivity Reactions and their type
Concept of vaccine and vaccination, type of vaccine, mechanism of vaccine
Concept and importance of cold chain

Teaching Learning Methods

Method

Interactive lecture,
Group discussion, Individual and group assignment followed by presentation
Interactive and participatory methods supported by audio-visual materials and equipment

Evaluation scheme

Scheme
Credit
External (University examination)
80%

Internal
Written examination (two examinations)
Class attendance
20%
15 marks (75%)
5 mark

6. Readings
1. Baveja C.P. "Text book of Microbiology" 4th edition
2. Ananthanarayan and Paniker "Text book of Medical Microbiology" 3rd edition
3. Chakraborty "Text book of Medical Microbiology" 3rd edition
4. Arora D.R, "Medical Parasitology" 4th edition.
5. Dr. Keshab Parajuli and Prakash Ghimire. “Text book of Microbiology”.s

Purbanchal University
Faculty of Medical and Allied Sciences
Bachelor of public Health
PSD-Public Health Microbiology Practicum
Preliminaries
Course title
Public Health Microbiology, Parasitology, Bacteriology, Virology, and Immunology

First Year
First Semester
Course Code: BPH 101.3 PHM

Credit hours: 1 Cr. (32 hrs)

Full marks: 50
Pass marks: 30

Course Description
This course is designed to equip the students with practical skills required to do necessary lab
demonstration. Students will observe the lab and field based demonstration, collection of specimen,
preservation and maintain all these things in log or practical book under the direct supervision of
concerned teacher. Students will acquire practical knowledge and skill on biochemistry.
Details of PSD
Subject
Practical Hour

Log/Practical book
1. Public Health Microbiology (General)
2. Parasitology
3. Bacteriology

4. Virology

5. Immunology

32
1. Introduction to instruments used in Microbiology laboratory and their applications

2. Lab diagnosis of parasites

3. Lab diagnosis (Gram staining – Identification of bacteria, AFB staining)
4. Laboratory identification of virus- Collection and preservation of specimen, laboratory Identification
of different specimen , Serodiagnosis etc.

Maintain

Total Practical: 32 Hours

Maximum 20 students could be sitting for effective practical in one event. But that is depends upon the
practical room and setting. The students have to maintain practical log book . They should write
practical specific detail description, process and drawing manually
All practical should be signed by respective teacher and countersigned by head of the department
All students must bring practical log book in final examination. The Final university examination must
be based on practical performed.