‫بسم اهلل الرمحن الرحيم‬

AL-AQSA UNIVERSITY
Faculty of computers and IT

Quizz #1 – B

Discrete Mathematics (ITCS – 1313 )

First Semester – Fall 2018

SOLUTION
Instructor: Yahya AMER

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Question #1 )
Let A = {2, 11, 9, 1, 5} , B = {3, 6, 8, 9, 1} , C={3, 14} ,
U ={x| xN, x 14} . Answer the following: -
1)- Represent the sets using Venn diagram

A B
2 8
11 9 6

13 5 1
3
4
7
14
12 10
C

1)- Is B set empty set ? why ?

No, because |B| ≠ 0

2)- Is A and B sets are equal ? why ?

No, because |A  B| ≠ 0
3)- Which sets are equivalent ? why ?
Only A and B because |A| = |B|
4)- Which sets are disjoint ? why?

Only A and C because |AC| = 0

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5)- |A| = 5 |B| = 5 |C|= 2 |U| = 14

6)- A – B = { 2 , 5 , 11 }

7)- B – A = { 6 , 8 , 3}

8)- P(C) = {  , {3}, {14}, {3,14} }

9)- |P(B)| = 2n = 25 = 32 , n = |B| =5

10)- CXB= { (3,3) ,(3,6), (3,8), (3,9),(3,1) (14,3), (14,6),

(14, 8), (14,9), (14,1)}

11)- |AXC| = |A| * |C| = 5 * 2 = 10

12)- A  B = { 2, 5, 11, 6, 8 }

13)- B  C = {1, 9, 6, 8, 14 }

14)- A ∩ B = { 1, 2, 5, 9, 11} ∩ {2,4, 5, 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14}

= {2, 5, 11}

15)- (A U B) ={ 4, 7, 10, 12, 13, 14 }

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 Question #2 )
A company employs 50 staff. Employees are assigned to projects, named
Project A, Project B and Project C.
4 work on Project A, Project B, and Project C
9 work on Project A, and Project B
4 work on Project A, and Project C
5 work on Project B, and Project C
17 work on Project A.
20 work on Project B.
16 work on Project C.
Use Set theory operations to answer the following questions.
1. How many employees work on Project A and Project C but not on
Project B ? Answer is 0

2. How many employees work on Project A and Project B but not on

Project C ? Answer is 5

3. How many employees work on Project B only ? Answer is 10

4. How many employees work on none of the above ? Answer is 11

Project A Project C

8 11
4
5 1
10
11
Project B
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Question #3 )
Given the relation R on the set A ={1, 2, 3, 4} as follows:-
R= {(1, 2), (1, 3), (1, 4), (2, 1), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 1), (3, 2), (3, 4), (4, 1), (4,
2), (4, 4)}
Represent R using Matrix and Digraph

1 2 3 4
1 0 1 1 1
2 1 0 1 1
3 1 1 0 1
4 1 1 0 1

Matrix Digraph
Is the relation above,
1. Reflexive ? why ?
No, because (1,1) or (2,2) or (3,3)  R
2. Irreflexive? Why ?
No, because (4,4)  R
3. Symmetric ? Why ?
No, because (3,4)  R but (4,3)  R

4. Antisymmetric? Why ?
No, because (1,2)  R and (2,1)  R
5. Transitive ? Why?
NO , because (1,3) , (3,1)  R but (1,1)  R , Or, (4,2) , (2,3)  R
but (4,3)  R OR, (1,2) , (2,1)  R but (1,1)  R , OR, (2,1) , (1,2) 

R but (2,2)  R ….etc

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 Question #4 ) Is the Relation R on {0, 1, 2, 3} equivalence
Relation? And WHY ? If not equivalence relation, what is/are the
lacked elements to make it equivalence ?

R = {(0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2), (1, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 0), (2, 2), (3, 3)}

The equivalence relation must be Reflexive, Symmetric , and Transitive.

First , its Reflexive because (0,0),(1,1),(2,2) and (3,3)  R
Second, Its not Symmetric because (1,2)  R but (2,1)  R
Third, its not transitive because (2,0) , (0,1)  R but (2,1)  R
Thus the relation is not equivalence relation

So the lacked elements to make it equivalence are { (2,1)}

Question #5 ) Is the bellow directed graph represent a partial Order

relation or not? And why ?

The partial Order relation must be Reflexive,

Anti-symmetric , and Transitive.
First , its not Reflexive because (a,a) or
(d,d) or (c,c)  R
Second, Its not anti-symmetric because
(d,b)  R and (b,d)  R
Third, its not transitive
because (c,a) , (a,d)  R but (c,d)  R
thus this relation is NOT partial Order

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 Question #6 )
Given the Relation R from the set A {6, 7, 8, 9, 10} to the SET
B = {x, y, z, K, L } where R = {(10, x), (7, K), (8, L), (9, z), (6, y)}

Determine the type of the function F: AB

1)- Is it one to one function ? Why ?

Yes, because every element of the codomain has at most one preimage

2)- Is it onto function? Why ?

Yes, because every element of the codomain has at least one preimage
3)- Is it Bijective function ? Why ?
Yes, because every element of the codomain has exactly one preimage
4)- Does this function has inverse ? If yes , write it
Yes, because its Bijective. F-1 = {(X,10), (K,7), (L,8), (Z,9), (Y,6)}

Question #7 ) Find the following:-

5.92 = 5 -6.9 = -7 0.12 = 0

-0.1 = 0 3.7 = 4 -10.7 = -10

End of questions