Absolute paths and Relative paths:

-For standard Linux file systems, the path name of a file, including all /
characters, may be no more than 4095 bytes long.
-Each component of the path name separated by / characters may be no more than 255
bytes long.
[root@master Desktop]# cd
[root@master ~]# cd /root/Videos
[root@master ~]# cd Videos
[root@master ~]# pwd
[root@master Videos]# cd /root/Documents
[root@master ~]# cd ~abeer (go to the home directory of the user)
[root@master abeer]# cd - (go to the previous directory)
[root@master abeer]# cd .. (up one level)
[root@master abeer]# cd ../.. (up two levels)
========================================
list files:
[root@master ~]# ls
[root@master ~]# ls -l ~ (long list)
[root@master ~]# ls -a (all files and directories including hidden ones)
[root@master ~]# ls -la
[root@master ~]# ls -lh (human readable)
[root@master ~]# ls -R (Recursive)
[root@master ~]# ls -t (access time)
[root@master ~]# ls -r (reverse order)
[root@master ~]# dir
[root@master ~]# dir --color

========================================
Creating files:
[root@master ~]# touch file1 FILE1 (case sensitive)
[root@master ~]# touch /root/Documents/file
[root@master ~]# ls -R
- If the file exist, it will reset the timestamp of the file.
========================================
Create directories:
[root@master ~]# mkdir dir1 dir2 dir3
[root@master ~]# mkdir -p dir4/dir5
[root@master ~]# mkdir 'abeer hosni'
[root@master ~]# mkdir "abeer hosni"
[root@master ~]# mkdir abeer\ hosni
========================================
Copy files and diretories:
[root@master ~]# cp file1 file2 (creates file2)
[root@master ~]# cp file1 /root/Documents/
[root@master ~]# cp file1 file2 file3 /root/Documents/ (last argument must be a
directory)
[root@master ~]# cp -r /etc/ dir1 (copy non-empty directory)
[root@master ~]# cp -r /etc/* dir1 (copy the contents of he
directory)
[root@master Documents]# cp ~/file1 .
========================================
Move files and directories:
[root@master ~]# mv file1 new_file1 (to rename the file1)
[root@master ~]# mv file1 file2 file3 /root/Documents/ (last argument must be a
directory)
[root@master ~]# mv dir1 dir2 dir3 dir4 (last argument must be a directory)
========================================
Remove files and directories:
[root@master ~]#rm file1 (interactive by default for the root)
[root@master ~]# rm -f file1 file2 file3 (force remove)
[root@master ~]# rm -d dir1 (removes an empty directory)
[root@master ~]# rmdir dir1 (removes an empty directory)
[root@master ~]# rm -rf dir1 (removes a non-empty directory)
========================================
nautilus:
[root@master ~]# nautilus
[root@master ~]# nautilus /etc/
========================================
File globbing (wildcard) (pattern matching) (path name expansion):
[root@master ~]#touch alfa bravo charlie delta echo able baker cast dog easy
[root@master ~]#ls a* (Only file names beginning with "a")
[root@master ~]#ls *a (Only file names ending with "a")
[root@master ~]#rm -f a*
[root@master ~]#ls *a* (Only file names containing "a")
[root@master ~]#ls [!a]* (Only file names where first character is not "a")
[root@master ~]#ls [ac]*
[root@master ~]#ls ????
[root@master ~]#ls ?????
[root@master ~]#touch file1 file2 file3 file4 file11 file12 file111 filea fileb
fileab fa fab fabc
[root@master ~]#ls f?
[root@master ~]#ls f??
[root@master ~]#ls file[a-c]
[root@master ~]#ls file[^a-c]
[root@master ~]#echo ~abeer
==============================================
Variable substitution:
[root@master ~]# x=5
[root@master ~]# echo x
[root@master ~]# echo $x (The value of variable x)

Command substitution:
[root@master ~]# echo "Today is $(date)"

Arithmatic substitution:
[root@master ~]# echo "Sum of 1 plus 2 is $[1+2]"
[root@master ~]# echo "Sum of 1 plus 2 is $((1+2))"
==============================================
best wishes:
Abeer :)