Monroy, Jayzell A.

Physical Education 4
CBET – 01 – 401P March 26, 2020

1. HISTORY OF VOLLEYBALL
a) International Setting
The game of volleyball originated at Springfield Massachusetts USA. It
is originally called “mintonette”, the term used by the recognized inventor of
the game by William G. Morgan in February 9, 1985.
Morgan a graduate of Springfield College of YMCA, designed the game
to be a combination of basketball, baseball, tennis and handball with less
body contact. Alfred Halfstead change the “mintonette” to “volley ball” due
to the demonstration of the game; noticeable is the volleying nature of the
ball back and forth. Later, it changed into its present name “volleyball”.

b) Volleyball in the Philippines

Volleyball began in 1910. This was during the period when Philippines
is a United States territory. The Americans came to the Philippines in 1986-
1946. Elwoon S. Brown, Physical director of YMCA, introduced volleyball in
the country.
The first net was borrowed from tennis and it was only 6’6” high. The
offensive style of setting and spiking was first demonstrated in the
Philippines in 1916. Later they felt the need for clear standard rules for
tournament.
Filipinos tried to invent another manner of playing to find what effects
would be if one tries to jump and hit the ball above the net onto the
opponents’ court. The Americans called it a “Filipino bomb”.

2. TERMINOLOGIES
a) Skills in Volleyball
1) Serve – it is the act of putting the ball into play. This is done by the right
and back line player who hits the ball with his hand or any part of the arm
in order to send the ball over the net into the opponents’ court.
Underhand – is a serve which the player strikes the ball below the
waist instead of tossing it with an overhand throwing motion.
Sky ball serve – a specific type of underhand serve occasionally
used in beach volleyball, where the ball is hit so high it comes down
almost in straight line.
Topspin – an overhead serve where the player tosses the ball high
and hits it with a wrist span, topspin serves are generally hit hard with
the aim at a specific returner or part of the court.
Float – an overhand serve where the ball is hit with no spin so that its
path becomes unpredictable.
Jump serve – an overhead serve where the ball is first tossed high in
the air, then the players make a timed approach and jumps to make
contact with the ball.
Jump float – an overhand serve where the ball is tossed high enough
that the player may jump before hitting it similarly to standing float
serve
 2) Pass – to receive a serve from the opposing team, it must use a forearm
pass or “bump”. The legs be bent, both hands extended forward and
hands joined together to create a flat surface for hitting the ball.
3) Set – it is usually the second contact that a team with the ball. The main
goal of setting is put the ball in the air in such a way that it can be driven
by an attack into the opponents’ court.
4) Spike – also known as the attack, and usually the third contact a team
makes with the ball. The object of attacking is to handle the ball so that it
lands on the opponents’ court and cannot be defended.
5) Block – it is referred to the actions taken by players standing at the net to
stop or alter an opponents’ attack.
6) Dig – this is the ability to prevent the ball from touching one’s court after
the spike or attack, particularly a ball that is nearly touching the ground.

b) Equipment and Facility

Antenna – a flexible rod, 1.80m long and 10mm in diameter, made of
fibre glass of similar material. An antenna is fastened at the outer edge
of each side band.
Ball – standards for balls (based on the International Rule Book of the
FIVB). The ball shall be spherical, made of flexible leather or synthetic
leather case with a bladder inside made of rubber or a similar material.
 Circumference is 65-67 cm (25.59-26.38 inches)
 Weight 260-280g (8.36-9.00 ounces)
 Pressure 0.30 to 0.325kg/cm2
Court – it measures 18 meters in length and 9 meters width. It is
divided into halves of 9 meters each by the centerline and the net.
Net – 1m wide and 9.50 to 10 meters long (with 25-50cm on each side
of the bands), made of 10cm square black mesh. Height of net from
men is 2.43 and for women 2.24m.
Post – is the stand that supports the net is places at a distance of 0.50-
1.00m outside the line. They are 2.55m high and preferably adjustble.
Score sheet – the scoring material where records of the match are like
line-ups, points earned, serving order, substitutions, charge time outs,
time/place/title of the match and signature of the officiating officials and
captain ball of both teams are officially recorded for documentation and
references.
Side vertical markers – are canvass tape 5cm wide attached at the
end of the net just above and aligned with the side lines.

c) Basic Rules and Regulations

1) To score the point
A team scores a point, by successfully grounding a ball on the
opponents’ court; when the opponent team commits a fault or when
the opponent team receives a penalty.

Fault – a team commits a fault by making a playing action contrary to the

rules. The referees judge the faults and determine the consequences
according to the rules.
If two or more faults are committed successively, only the first one
is counted.
 If two or more faults are committed by opponents simultaneously, a
double fault is called and the rally is replayed.

Rally – is the sequence of playing actions from the moment the service ball
hit by the server until the ball is out of play.
Completed Rally – is the sequence of playing actions which results in the
award of a point.
If the serving team wins a rally, it scores a point and the service of
ball continues.
If the receiving team wins a rally, the team scores a point and must
serve next.

2) To win a set
A set is won by the team which first scores 25 points (except the
deciding 5th set) with a minimum lead of two points. In case of a 24-
24 tie, play is continued until two-point lead is achieved.

3) To win a match
The match is win by a team that wins three sets. In case of a 2-2
tie, the deciding 5th set of 15 points with a minimum lead of 2 points
is played for decision.

4) The toss
Before the match, the 1st referee conducts a toss coin to decide who
shall do the first service and the sides of the court in the 1 st set. If
the deciding set is to be played, a new toss will be carried out.
 The toss is taken in the presence of the two team captains.
 The winner of the two chooses: EITHER
 The right to serve or to receive the service,
 What side of court to take.
 The loser takes the remaining choice.

5) Positions
At the moment the ball is hit the server, each team must be
positioned within its own court in the rotational order (except the
server). There are three players on the front line and three in the
back. Each time a team gains the serve they must rotate. The entire
team rotates in a clockwise manner with one player moving to the
front line and another player moving to the back line. This way each
player plays each spot.