“TRAINING ON ELECTRICAL POWER

SYSTEM STUDIES USING PSS/E”

MODELLING OF FUTURE CASES FOR SYSTEM

STUDIES BASIC COURSE (WEEK 1 DAY 3-B)

USAID’s SUSTAINABLE ENERGY FOR

PAKISTAN (SEP) PROJECT
 Base Case of Existing Conditions
• Data
➢ Recorded loads on substations in the current year (fiscal or
calendar)
➢ Existing generating capacities of power plants in the system
in high and low water seasons
➢ Existing network topology
➢ Any under construction project expected to be completed
within the current year
• Case Preparation in PSS/E
➢ Update the existing system data in a previous year’s PSS/E
file
 Future Cases
• Data
➢ Load forecast of future spot years of study (fiscal or calendar)
including
o Natural growth
o Bulk demand : governmental loads, industry, housing
schemes, hospitals, commercial complexes etc.
➢ Generation expansion plan of NTDC, PPIB and any small IPPs
under the perview of DISCO
➢ Future transmission expansion plans of NTDC and the DISCOs
➢ Any under construction project/s expected to be completed until
the spot year/s of study
Case Preparation of a Future Spot Year in PSS/E
• Load
➢ Diversified peak at global NTDC level for the spot year with
respect to forecasted individual grids’ peaks
➢ Estimated losses
➢ Loads to be represented at DISCO grids = DISCO Peak – Losses
➢ Lumped Loads to be represented at NTDC grids= DISCO Peak
minus loads already modelled at DISCO grids
➢ SCAL(E) loads on those substations where surplus capacity is
available
➢ Propose augmentation/extension or addition of a new substation
to meet the demand in excess of the already “firm capacity” or
“installed capacity” of substation/s
Case Preparation of a Future Spot Year in PSS/E
• Generation addition and dispatch
➢ Add new generation at NTDC level based on their latest
Generation Program
➢ Add distributed Generation (small IPPs) expected to be
contracted at DISCO level
➢ Dispatch generation in PSS/E case based on available power in
the month/season of the study year/s.
• Transmission expansion
➢ Add all new 500 kV and 220 kV expansion plan (NTDC should
supply it in PSS/E format)
➢ Add all 132 kV (or 66 kV) ongoing and/or firm projects expected
to be commissioned by the year of study.
Case Preparation of a Future Spot Year in PSS/E

• Run load flow case of future spot year of study and

resolve the following issues
➢ Achieve a properly converged case
➢ No violations of voltages beyond the Planning Criteria of
Grid Code
➢ No overloaded line or transformer
➢ No generators running at leading PF (no absorption of VARs)
or generating VARs beyond their normal capability at rated
PF (based on Capability Curve)
Case Preparation of a Future Spot Year in PSS/E
• Run contingency analysis for the entire network of DISCO
including the tie lines with neighbouring DISCOs.
• Remove all overloads or voltage violation issues, if any, in the
contingency cases.
• Prepare detailed report describing the following
➢ Assumed data in the study: loads, generations and
transmission.
➢ Methodology of analysis
➢ Justification of extension/augmentation or addition of new
substation and lines.
Case Preparation of a Future Spot Year in PSS/E

• Cost estimates of the newly proposed

extension/augmentation and addition of new
substation.
• Financial analysis as per PC-1 requirements or as
required by a funding agency