Assignment#3

Name:
Muhammad Qasim
Reg#
Sp17-BCS-047
Submitted to:
Dr.Salman Iqbal
Subject:
Wireless Netwok

COMSATS UNIVERSITY VEHARI CAMPUS

Difference in multiplexing, multiple access and spread spectrum:
Multiplexing Multiple access Spread spectrum

In telecommunications and  In telecommunications and Spread spectrum involves the

computer networks, computer networks, a channel transmission of either digital or
multiplexing access method or multiple analog data with the help of an
is a process where multiple access analog signal.
analog message signals or  method allows several terminals
digital data streams are connect to the same multi-point
combined into one signal over a physical medium to transmit
shared medium. over it and to share its capacity.

The multiplexed signal is A channel-access scheme is Spread spectrum has more

transmitted over communication
channel which may be physical
transmission medium.
based on a multiplex method resistance to natural noise,
that allows several data streams interference, and jamming that
or signals to share the same makes it a preferred choice for
communication channel or secured communications when
physical media. compared to multiplexing.

A device that performs the A channel-access scheme Spread spectrum is a form of

multiplexing is called a is also based on a Multiple wireless communications in
multiplexer (MUX), and a access which the frequency of
device that performs the reverse protocol and control mechanism, the transmitted signal is
process is called the DEMUX. also known as media access deliberately varied.
control (MAC). This protocol
deals with issues such as
addressing, assigning multiplex
channels to different users, and
avoiding collisions.

It works on the physical layer It works on the Data Link layer A telecommunication signal is
(L1) of OSI model. (L2) of OSI model. transmitted on bandwidth
larger than frequency content
 of original information.

Classification of multiplexing. Classification of multiplexing.  Frequency hopping is a basic

1.TDM 1.TDMA modulation technique used in
2.FDM 2.FDMA spread spectrum signal
3.CDM 3.CDMA transmission.

Advantages and disadvantages of multiplexing:

Advantages Disadvantages

The advantage of multiplexing is that we can

Less Flexibility.
transmit a large number of signals to a single
Bandwidth wastage is high and can be an issue.
medium. This channel can be a physical medium
like a coaxial, metallic conductor or a wireless
link and will have to handle multiple signals at a
time. 

Multiplexing efficient for utilization of Bandwidth wastage is high and can be an issue.
bandwidth. The word path refers to the physical
link.

Advantages and dis-advantages of multiple access:

Advantages Disadvantages

Multiple access has a disadvantage in that once

It allocates dedicated frequencies to different
the channel is assigned, it remains idle if the user
stations. More-over there are separate bands for
has nothing to transmit, while other users may
both uplink and downlink.
have data waiting to be transmitted.
Advantages and dis-advantages of Spread Spectrum:

Advantages Dis-advantages

Robustness against narrow band interference. Increased complexity.

Relatively high security. Needs synchronization between T & R.

Coexistence of several signals – the receiver can It has Large BW.

separate each user based on code.

No need of frequency planning as all user uses One major disadvantage is it require a lot of
same BW.
electronics or software to implement and decode
the complex algorithm both ways.

Wide band signals – less prone to interference, Bandwidth inefficient; Implementation is

less somewhat complex. Two of the most popular
prone to fading. techniques that provide spectrum spreading in
a spread spectrum system are direct sequence and
frequency hopping.