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de Ecuaciones lineales
EJERCICIO N° 02:
A=
2 2 -1
1 -3 -2
3 4 1
>> B=[2;2;7]
B=
2
2
7
>> X=A\B
X=
3.0000
-1.0000
2.0000
EJERCICIO N° 24:
A=
2 3 -1
4 4 -3
2 -3 1
>> B=[5;3;-1]
B=
5
3
-1
>> X=A\B
X=
1
2
3
>> X=inv(A)*B
X=
1
2
3
EJERCICIO N° 46:
A=
3 -1 1 2
2 -5 0 1
1 0 0 2
1 1 -3 0
B=[7;-11;3;15]
B=
7
-11
3
15
>> X=A\B
X=
5.0000
4.0000
-2.0000
-1.0000
>> X=inv(A)*B
X=
5.0000
4.0000
-2.0000
-1.0000
EJERCICIO N° 68:
A=
2 3 4 2
5 1 3 7
8 8 1 6
1 1 4 9
>> B=[13;14;15;-3]
B=
13
14
15
-3
>> X=A\B
X=
4
-1
3
-2
b) Mediante: x=inv(a)*b
EJERCICIO N° 02:
A=
2 2 -1
1 -3 -2
3 4 1
>> B=[2;2;7]
B=
2
2
7
EJERCICIO N° 24:
A=
2 3 -1
4 4 -3
2 -3 1
>> B=[5;3;-1]
B=
5
3
-1
EJERCICIO N° 46:
A=
3 -1 1 2
2 -5 0 1
1 0 0 2
1 1 -3 0
B=[7;-11;3;15]
B=
7
-11
3
15
EJERCICIO N° 68:
A=
2 3 4 2
5 1 3 7
8 8 1 6
1 1 4 9
>> B=[13;14;15;-3]
B=
13
14
15
-3
x=inv(A)*B
x=
4.0000
-1.0000
3.0000
-2.0000
c) Mediante el algoritmo de factorización de Doolitle (Nombre
del programa LUdoolitle), para calcular la descomposición
de A = LU y luego resolver los sistemas: LY = b (Cálculo de
Y con Y=L\b) y UX=Y (Cálculo de X o solución del sistema
AX=b con X=U\Y).( Llamada de la función: [L,
U]=LUdoolitle(a))
Solución
EJERCICIO N° 02:
a=
2 2 -1
1 -3 -2
3 4 1
L=
1.0000 0 0
0.5000 1.0000 0
1.5000 -0.2500 1.0000
U=
Solución de LY=b
>> b=[2;2;7]
b=
2
2
Solución de UX=Y
>> Y=L\b
Y=
2.0000
1.0000
4.2500
>> X=U\Y
X=
3
-1
2
Solución
EJERCICIO N° 24:
a=
2 3 -1
4 4 -3
2 -3 1
>> [L,U]=LUdoolitle(a)
L=
1 0 0
2 1 0
1 3 1
U=
2 3 -1
0 -2 -1
0 0 5
Solución del sistema de ecuaciones AX=B:
Solución de LY=b
>> b=[5;3;-1]
b=
5
3
-1
>> Y=L\b
Y=
5
-7
15
Solución de UX=Y
>> X=U\Y
X=
1
2
3
Solución
EJERCICIO N° 46:
a=
3 -1 1 2
2 -5 0 1
1 0 0 2
1 1 -3 0
>> [L,U]=LUdoolitle(a)
L=
1.0000 0 0 0
0.6667 1.0000 0 0
0.3333 -0.0769 1.0000 0
0.3333 -0.3077 9.2000 1.0000
U=
Solución de LY=b
>> b=[7;-11;3;15]
b=
7
-11
3
15
>> Y=L\b
Y=
7.0000
-15.6667
-0.5385
12.8000
Solución de UX=Y
>> X=U\Y
X=
5.0000
4.0000
-2.0000
-1.0000
Solución
EJERCICIO N° 68:
a=
2 3 4 2
5 1 3 7
8 8 1 6
1 1 4 9
[L,U]=LUdoolitle(a)
L=
1.0000 0 0 0
2.5000 1.0000 0 0
4.0000 0.6154 1.0000 0
0.5000 0.0769 -0.2374 1.0000
U=
Solución de LY=b
>> b=[13;14;15;-3]
B=
13
14
15
-3
>> Y=L\b
Y=
13.0000
-18.5000
-25.6154
-14.1583
Solución de UX=Y
>> X=U\Y
X=
4.0000
-1.0000
3.0000
-2.0000
EJERCICIO N° 02:
a=
2 2 -1
1 -3 -2
3 4 1
>> [L,U]=LUCrout(a)
L=
2.0000 0 0
1.0000 -4.0000 0
3.0000 1.0000 2.1250
U=
>> b=[2;2;7]
b=
2
2
7
Solución de LY=b
>> Y=L\b
Y=
1.0000
-0.2500
2.0000
Solución de UX=Y
>> X=U\Y
X=
3
-1
2
a=
2 3 -1
4 4 -3
2 -3 1
>> [L,U]=LUCrout(a)
L=
2 0 0
4 -2 0
2 -6 5
U=
>> b=[5;3;-1]
b=
5
3
-1
Solución de LY=b
>> Y=L\b
Y=
2.5000
3.5000
3.0000
Solución de UX=Y
>> X=U\Y
X=
1
2
3
EJERCICIO N° 46:
a=
3 -1 1 2
2 -5 0 1
1 0 0 2
1 1 -3 0
>> [L,U]=LUCrout(a)
L=
3.0000 0 0 0
2.0000 -4.3333 0 0
1.0000 0.3333 -0.3846 0
1.0000 1.3333 -3.5385 -12.8000
U=
>> b=[7;-11;3;15]
b=
7
-11
3
15
Solución de LY=b
>> Y=L\b
Y=
2.3333
3.6154
1.4000
-1.0000
Solución de UX=Y
>> X=U\Y
X=
5.0000
4.0000
-2.0000
-1.0000
EJERCICIO N° 68:
a=
2 3 4 2
5 1 3 7
8 8 1 6
1 1 4 9
>> [L,U]=LUCrout(a)
L=
2.0000 0 0 0
5.0000 -6.5000 0 0
8.0000 -4.0000 -10.6923 0
1.0000 -0.5000 2.5385 7.0791
U=
>> b=[13;14;15;-3]
b=
13
14
15
-3
Solución de LY=b
>> Y=L\b
Y=
6.5000
2.8462
2.3957
-2.0000
Solución de UX=Y
X=U\Y
X=
4.0000
-1.0000
3.0000
-2.0000
a) Mediante el algoritmo de factorización de QR (nombre del programa
LUqr), para calcular la descomposición de A=QR y luego resolver
el sistema (QR)X=b, de tal manera que queda reducido como
RX=Q’b (Cálculo de X o solución del sistema AX=b con X=R\Q’*b).
EJERCICIO N° 02:
A=
2 2 -1
1 -3 -2
3 4 1
Factorización A=QR
Llamada de la función
Q=
R=
>> b=[2;2;7]
b=
2
2
7
Solución de RX=Q’*b
>> X=R\Q'*b
X=
3.0000
-1.0000
2.0000
A=
2 3 -1
4 4 -3
2 -3 1
Factorización A=QR
Llamada de la función
>> [Q,R]=LUqr(A)
Q=
R=
4.8990 3.2660 -2.4495
0 4.8305 -2.0702
0 0 0.8452
>> b=[5;3;-1]
b=
5
3
-1
Solución de RX=Q’*b
>> X=R\Q'*b
X=
1.0000
2.0000
3.0000
EJERCICIO N° 46:
A=
3 -1 1 2
2 -5 0 1
1 0 0 2
1 1 -3 0
Factorización A=QR
Llamada de la función
>> [Q,R]=LUqr(A)
Q=
0.7746 0.3356 0.4387 -0.3081
0.5164 -0.8151 -0.2594 0.0411
0.2582 0.1918 0.0610 0.9449
0.2582 0.4315 -0.8582 -0.1027
R=
>> b=[7;-11;3;15]
b=
7
-11
3
15
Solución de RX=Q’*b
>> X=R\Q'*b
X=
5.0000
4.0000
-2.0000
-1.0000
EJERCICIO N° 68:
A=
2 3 4 2
5 1 3 7
8 8 1 6
1 1 4 9
Factorización A=QR
Llamada de la función
[Q,R]=LUqr(A)
Q=
R=
b=
13
14
15
-3
Solución de RX=Q’*b
X=R\Q'*b
X=
4.0000
-1.0000
3.0000
-2.0000
2) Resolver los sistemas de ecuaciones lineales del Tema 02
mediante el algoritmo de Cholesky de Factorización de la matriz
A(Nombre del programa cholesky), para calcular la descomposición
de A = LLt y luego resolver los sistemas: LY = B (Cálculo de Y con
Y=L\b) y Lt X=Y (Cálculo de X o solución del sistema AX=b con X=L t\Y).
( Llamada de la función: L=cholesky(a)).
Método de Cholesky
EJERCICIO N° 02:
a=
>> L=cholesky(a)
L=
1.0000 0 0
0.5000 0.2887 0
0.3333 0.2887 0.0745
>> L'
ans =
Solución de LY=b
b=[25/6;7/3;7/4]
b=
4.1667
2.3333
1.7500
>> Y=L\b
Y=
4.1667
0.8660
1.4907
Solución de L t X=Y
x=L'\Y
x=
6.0000
-17.0000
20.0000
Método Jacobi
A=
4 1 1 0 1
-1 -3 1 1 0
2 1 5 -1 -1
-1 -1 -1 4 0
0 2 -1 1 4
>> b=[27;-12;20;1;13]
b=
27
-12
20
1
13
>> n=30
n=
30
>> z=[0;0;0;0;0]
z=
0
0
0
0
0
>> jacobi(A,b,n,z)
1 6.7500000000000000 4.0000000000000000
4.0000000000000000 0.2500000000000000 3.2500000000000000
2 3.9375000000000000 3.1666666666666665
1.1999999999999997 3.9375000000000000 2.1875000000000000
3 5.1114583333333332 4.4000000000000004
3.0166666666666666 2.3260416666666663 0.9822916666666668
4 4.6502604166666668 4.0770833333333334
1.7370833333333331 3.3820312499999998 1.2226562500000000
5 4.9907942708333337 4.1562847222222219
2.2454166666666664 2.8661067708333330 0.8002213541666663
6 4.9495193142361114 4.0402430555555551
1.9056909722222222 3.0981239149305555 1.0166851128472225
7 5.0093452148437496 4.0180985243055556
2.0351054687499999 2.9738633355034723 0.9317702365451392
8 5.0037564425998262 3.9998745298032405
1.9737689236111113 3.0156373019748264 1.0062612711588543
9 5.0050238188566984 3.9952165943287037
2.0029022316261580 2.9943499740035442 0.9895956405074511
10 5.0030713833844214 3.9974094622576679
1.9957362764937789 3.0007856612028903 1.0045297672413014
11 5.0005811235018127 3.9978168514374159
2.0003526398835358 2.9990542805339668 1.0000329226938884
12 5.0004493964962897 3.9996085989718968
2.0000216209573622 2.9996876537056911 1.0014161641186843
13 4.9997384039880144 3.9997532927222545
2.0001192851719796 3.0000199041063871 1.0002791923269694
14 4.9999620574446997 4.0001335950967842
2.0002137991470148 2.9999027454705622 1.0001481989052712
15 4.9998761017127329 4.0000514957242927
1.9999986468779296 3.0000773629221245 1.0000109658707208
16 4.9999847228817647 4.0000666360291071
2.0000569259286176 2.9999815610787390 0.9999545731268049
17 4.9999804662288678 4.0000179213751972
1.9999800104825813 3.0000270712098724 0.9999855231979162
18 5.0000041362360763 4.0000088718211959
2.0000067481149708 2.9999945995216617 0.9999792741305784
19 5.0000012764833137 3.9999990704668522
1.9999913458717780 3.0000049390430608 0.9999986012377296
20 5.0000027456059097 3.9999983361438414
2.0000003833694624 2.9999979232054859 0.9999970664737532
21 5.0000010535032358 3.9999985203230128
1.9999982324647152 3.0000003662798034 1.0000014469690734
22 5.0000004500607993 3.9999991817470946
2.0000002371838788 2.9999994515727408 1.0000002063847218
23 5.0000000936710762 3.9999997462319401
1.9999999152177539 2.9999999672479429 1.0000006055292374
24 4.9999999332552676 3.9999999295982072
2.0000001278406172 2.9999999387801921 1.0000001138764825
25 4.9999999571711733 4.0000000444551809
2.0000000513095859 2.9999999976735232 1.0000000824660029
26 4.9999999554423074 4.0000000306039789
2.0000000242683997 3.0000000132339850 0.9999999911814252
27 4.9999999884865485 4.0000000273533587
2.0000000125853630 3.0000000025786715 0.9999999874566141
28 4.9999999931511656 4.0000000088924956
1.9999999971417659 3.0000000071063173 0.9999999888249933
29 5.0000000012851862 4.0000000036989727
2.0000000001472968 2.9999999997963567 0.9999999930626142
30 5.0000000007727792 3.9999999995528221
1.9999999973179250 3.0000000012828640 0.9999999982382488
31 5.0000000012227517 3.9999999992760031
1.9999999996845461 2.9999999994108815 0.9999999992323541
32 5.0000000004517737 3.9999999992908917
1.9999999993843462 3.0000000000458251 1.0000000004304144
33 5.0000000002235865 3.9999999996594657
2.0000000000563602 2.9999999997817532 1.0000000001891847
34 5.0000000000237472 3.9999999998715090
1.9999999999728599 2.9999999999848530 1.0000000002389191
35 4.9999999999791775 3.9999999999779883
2.0000000000609535 2.9999999999670290 1.0000000000612470
36 4.9999999999749534 4.0000000000162679
2.0000000000183866 3.0000000000045297 1.0000000000344871
37 4.9999999999827143 4.0000000000159881
2.0000000000145683 3.0000000000024021 0.9999999999953304
38 4.9999999999935287 4.0000000000114184
2.0000000000032632 3.0000000000033178 0.9999999999950475
39 4.9999999999975682 4.0000000000043503
1.9999999999999778 3.0000000000020526 0.9999999999942770
40 5.0000000000003482 4.0000000000014868
1.9999999999993681 3.0000000000004743 0.9999999999973062
41 5.0000000000004601 3.9999999999998312
1.9999999999991189 3.0000000000003006 0.9999999999989799
42 5.0000000000005169 3.9999999999996532
1.9999999999997051 2.9999999999998526 0.9999999999997891
Valores aproximados de x 1 ; x 2; x 3 ; x 4; x 5
ans =
5.0000000000005169
3.9999999999996532
1.9999999999997051
2.9999999999998526
0.9999999999997891
Método de Gauss-Seidel
Ingreso de datos
A=
4 1 1 0 1
-1 -3 1 1 0
2 1 5 -1 -1
-1 -1 -1 4 0
0 2 -1 1 4
>> b=[27;-12;20;1;13]
b=
27
-12
20
1
13
>> n=19
n=
19
>> z=[0;0;0;0;0]
z=
0
0
0
0
0
Valores aproximados de x 1 ; x 2; x 3 ; x 4; x 5
x=
5.0000000000008376
3.9999999999986953
1.9999999999999281
2.9999999999998650
1.0000000000006679
A=
4 1 1 0 1
-1 -3 1 1 0
2 1 5 -1 -1
-1 -1 -1 4 0
0 2 -1 1 4
>> b=[27;-12;20;1;13]
b=
27
-12
20
1
13
>> n=19
n=
19
>> z=[0;0;0;0;0]
z=
0
0
0
0
0
>> w=0.999
w=
0.9990
relaj(A,b,n,w,z)
1 6.7432499999999997 1.7504977500000001
0.9516478495500000 2.6087375509876125
1.9585182209409566
2 5.5859924608323830 3.3232233466718410
2.0133467390672237 2.9802687335572067
1.3472696884344835
3 5.0795470088609882 3.9707080217798976
2.0395210759605322 3.0224018513572615
1.0192541391540431
4 4.9927161085944665 4.0230165786566481
2.0066743185701723 3.0056185515552234
0.9887861509121425
5 4.9953780733358881 4.0056556439095621
1.9996056581133983 3.0001653025474280
0.9970240208206873
6 4.9994246186931344 4.0001209875191499
1.9996437815309598 2.9997977148914230
0.9998981458982297
7 5.0000836116103455 3.9997862966299271
1.9999481635011502 2.9999543611323118
1.0001050951208672
8 5.0000401546874365 3.9999539554886558
2.0000049814031531 2.9999997274830492
1.0000244164950836
9 5.0000041976463105 4.0000001241983725
2.0000031267539335 3.0000018600149874
1.0000002787474602
10 4.9999991226551295 4.0000019528740909
2.0000003908542578 3.0000003680892888
0.9999990305036908
11 4.9999996559082032 4.0000003692636437
1.9999999439499376 2.9999999926562548
0.9999998024189115
12 4.9999999707766927 3.9999999889904867
1.9999999728773024 2.9999999831706159
1.0000000027309164
13 5.0000000088122496 3.9999999824184682
1.9999999971474185 2.9999999970806099
1.0000000088013921
14 5.0000000029140841 3.9999999970899616
2.0000000005893290 3.0000000001452758
1.0000000015732682
15 5.0000000001895870 4.0000000001785807
2.0000000002325149 3.0000000001501657
0.9999999999329395
16 4.9999999999142659 4.0000000001561595
2.0000000000198952 3.0000000000227081
0.9999999999212289
17 4.9999999999756177 4.0000000000224620
1.9999999999940739 2.9999999999980629
0.9999999999877055
18 4.9999999999989164 3.9999999999977645
1.9999999999980305 2.9999999999986771
1.0000000000009432
19 5.0000000000008136 3.9999999999986300
1.9999999999998708 2.9999999999998277
1.0000000000006963
Valores aproximados de x 1; x2; x3; x4; x5
ans =
5.0000000000008136
3.9999999999986300
1.9999999999998708
2.9999999999998277
1.0000000000006963
A=
4 1 1 0 1
-1 -3 1 1 0
2 1 5 -1 -1
-1 -1 -1 4 0
0 2 -1 1 4
>> b=[27;-12;20;1;13]
b=
27
-12
20
1
13
>> n=30
n=
30
>> z=[0;0;0;0;0]
z=
0
0
0
0
0
>> w=1.191
w=
1.1910
>> relaj(A,b,n,w,z)
1 8.0392500000000009 1.5724177500000001
0.5595513919499995 3.3262304995156131
2.1105965255973391
2 5.2405293224877809 3.9258334796342003
2.5204561774374103 3.1421903257563266
0.9446708838267852
3 4.8376503983523378 4.3416892590119041
1.9172361789604628 3.0015971030462225
0.7819734423009608
4 5.0188311323133208 3.8950382049569923
1.9802851418654290 2.9681794494808389
1.1077522913761395
5 5.0014424824545349 3.9990154800832332
2.0213997925786691 3.0125858717350793
0.9826299388887714
6 4.9988177741119717 4.0141496957142078
1.9919658006020080 2.9990649797685931
0.9927777572775833
7 5.0005553388870601 3.9935161583875525
2.0008713596757053 2.9986728245211562
1.0058951898824615
8 4.9998097539817330 4.0011329825433837
2.0007424280941501 3.0007552482818465
0.9981955104169789
9 5.0000152202455084 4.0003721354180186
1.9995123733745452 2.9998258918992535
1.0000297007281960
10 5.0000226370483016 3.9996572265406809
2.0001296031975189 2.9999765233829239
1.0002440282707352
11 4.9999864883516141 4.0001129661075758
2.0000073096156417 3.0000362730371428
0.9998774954244771
12 5.0000032443656162 3.9999944377734589
1.9999778428175530 2.9999857844057423
1.0000243460719469
13 5.0000003847372714 3.9999864696522209
2.0000096847416380 3.0000016847047979
1.0000057892333301
14 4.9999993478001858 4.0000073568899879
1.9999984888032054 3.0000012245840377
0.9999936986497042
15 5.0000002602420670 3.9999983777326475
1.9999993417976278 2.9999991645816642
1.0000022223841685
16 4.9999999675887397 3.9999997297529140
2.0000005359054942 3.0000002290142409
0.9999998278336348
17 4.9999999783532960 4.0000003638840704
1.9999998348185191 3.0000000089766701
0.9999997643352228
18 5.0000000151400128 3.9999998624742479
2.0000000030984877 2.9999999627676770
1.0000001389170570
19 4.9999999957714225 4.0000000143950309
2.0000000222150902 3.0000000167529790
0.9999999665209447
20 4.9999999998753832 4.0000000127703457
1.9999999887902371 2.9999999972277402
0.9999999962774926
21 5.0000000006675158 3.9999999917449975
2.0000000022423485 2.9999999989379869
1.0000000066107269
22 4.9999999996944293 4.0000000021666100
2.0000000005229026 3.0000000009126637
0.9999999973310836
23 5.0000000000522320 4.0000000001353619
1.9999999994246596 2.9999999997102300
1.0000000003441272
24 5.0000000000185638 3.9999999996233275
2.0000000002037175 3.0000000000093765
1.0000000002164455
25 4.9999999999835056 4.0000000001630918
1.9999999999838907 3.0000000000370619
0.9999999998457065
26 5.0000000000053273 3.9999999999750528
1.9999999999785567 2.9999999999806950
1.0000000000436897
27 4.9999999999997868 3.9999999999886726
2.0000000000127036 3.0000000000040341
1.0000000000009823
28 4.9999999999993392 4.0000000000090719
1.9999999999969225 3.0000000000008176
0.9999999999932512
29 5.0000000000003517 3.9999999999972311
1.9999999999996674 2.9999999999990252
1.0000000000031295
30 4.9999999999999254 4.0000000000000400
2.0000000000006031 3.0000000000003557
0.9999999999994524
31 4.9999999999999858 4.0000000000003784
1.9999999999997555 2.9999999999999680
0.9999999999998159
4.9999999999999858
4.0000000000003784
1.9999999999997555
2.9999999999999680
0.9999999999998159
4 Elaborar una tabla de resumen de los Métodos de: Jacobi, Gauss-Seidel, Gauss-Seidel con Relajación que contenga
la solución inicial, la solución aproximada del sistema, número de iteraciones, coeficiente de relajación, solución
exacta y error relativo.
SOLUCION
Valores de netrada Valores de Salida EXACTA ERRORES
N° METODOS Iter
x y z w u
x y z w u x y z w u Ea Er Ep
b=[25/6;7/3;7/4]
x0=[0;0;0]
tol=0.000000000001
---------------------------*--------------------------------
Valores de Entrada
Matriz de coeficientes: A=
1.0000 0.5000 0.3333
0.5000 0.3333 0.2500
0.3333 0.2500 0.2000
Tolerancia: tol=
1.0000e-12
-----------------------------------------------------------
Cálculo de los Valores Previos
--------------------------------------------------------------
Iteración: i= 1
Vector Residual: r=
-0.0365
-0.0100
0.1003
Valor de la norma de r: norm(r,inf)=0.100296026005
Vector de búsqueda: d=
-0.0347
-0.0090
0.1011
--------------------------------------------------------------
Iteración: i= 2
Vector Residual: r=
0.0426
-0.0816
0.0074
Vector de búsqueda: d=
0.0169
-0.0882
0.0824
--------------------------------------------------------------
Iteración: i= 3
Vector Residual: r=
1.0e-14 *
0.2665
0.2220
0.0888
En Conclusión:
--------------------------------------------------------------
Para obtener la solución aproximada del sistema Ax=b:
ans =
6.0000
-17.0000
20.0000