EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A

RELAY

ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
OF A RELAY

AN EVALUATION REPORT BY
OEN QUALITY ASSURANCE LABORATORY

OEN INDIA LIMITED, F ACTORY: ELECTROGIRI, P.B. NO. 1, MULANTHU RUTHY – 682 314, VIA COCHIN, INDIA, PHONE:
(0484) 2711321 TO 2711328 FAX: (0484) 2711891, E-MAIL: OENINDIA@VSNL. COM, WEBSITE: WWW.OE NINDIA.COM

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 1

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY

PREPARED BY:
Siddhartha Jyothis-Engineer Trainee

REVIEWEDBY:
Shanil Kumar KN, QA LAB & Technical Resource Team
Member

MENTORED & APPROVED BY:

Reji Scaria, HOD, Quality Assurance

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 2

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY

1. OBJECTIVE

To access the variations in the operating parameters of an electro-mechanical

relay at different ambient temperatures. This analysis would help to identify/fix
the minimum and maximum values (specification) of a relay at Room
Temperature so that the values of the relays will not exceed the desirable limits
at the operating temperature (Engine compartment condition).

2. PRODUCT SELECTED FOR STUDY

Series 74 Mini relay 1 form A (Make Contact Version) 12 VDC coil , Relay with
Braided wire – 40 Amps Version.

3. TEST METHODOLOGY FOLLOWED

The functional parameters of 100 nos. of the relays (random samples taken from
running production) were assessed & reordered. Thereafter, all these relays were
assessed for the same parameters at different ambient conditions from -40
Degree C to +125 Degree C. At each ambient conditions, the relays were kept for
minimum 2 Hrs. to stabilize the temperature with the ambient and the then took
the measurements.

4. FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS ASSESSED

a. Coil Current
b. Coil Resistance
c. Pick up Voltage
d. Drop Out voltage

***

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 3

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY

INDEX
Sl no. NAME PAGE NO

1 Coil Resistance Trend vs. Temperature 5

2 Coil Current Trend vs. Temperature 6

3 Pick up voltage Trend vs. Temperature 7

4 Drop-Out voltage Trend vs. Temperature. 8

5 Conclusion 9

Annexure 1 - Coil Resistance of the relays (100 nos.) at various

6 10
temperatures
Annexure 2- Coil current of the relays (100 nos.) at various
7 15
temperatures
Annexure 3- Pick –up voltage of the relays (100 nos.) at various
8 20
temperatures
Annexure 4- Drop-Out voltage of the relays (100 nos.) at various
9 24
temperatures

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 4

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY

CHAPTER -1
Assessment of change in Coil Resistance of the relays

The following trend chart shows the coil resistance of the Mini Relays, the values
plotted from 100 nos. of the relays at various temperatures.

COIL RESISTANCE IN OHMS OF THE RELAYS VS. AMBIENT

TEMPERATURE

1,000.00

101.74
Coil Resistance in Ohms

100.00
55.81

10.00

1.00
(80.00) (40.00) - 40.00 80.00 120.00 160.00

Ambient temperature in Degree C

The complete resistance values of the relays -observations (100 nos.) measured at
various temperature conditions are given in the Annexure -1

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 5

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY

CHAPTER -2
Assessment of change in Coil Current of the relays

The following trend chart shows the coil current of the Mini Relays, the values
plotted from 100 nos. of the relays at various temperatures.

COIL CURRENT (M Amps) OF THE MINI RELAYS AT VARIOUS

TEMPERATURES
1,000

241.21

132.60

100
Coil current in Milli Amps

10

1
(60.00) (40.00) (20.00) - 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00 120.00 140.00
Ambient Temperature (in Degree C)

The complete resistance values (observations) of the relays (100 nos.) measured at
various temperature conditions are given in the Annexure -2

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 6

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY

CHAPTER -3
Assessment of change in Pick-up Voltage of the relays

The following trend chart shows the Pick-up voltage of the Mini Relays, the values
plotted from 100 nos. of the relays at various temperatures.

PICK-UP VOLTAGE OF THE MINI RELAYS AT DIFFERENET

AMBIENT TEMPERATURES

100.00
Pick up Voltage (VDC)

10.00 8.00

4.67

1.00

Ambient Temperature (Degree C)

As per this data, the relay with 7VDC pick up voltage at 23 degree C can reach the
value of nearly 9VDC at 100 degree C. The complete values of the relays (100 nos.)
measured at various temperature conditions are given in the Annexure -3

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 7

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY

CHAPTER -4
Assessment of change in Drop-out Voltage of the relays

The following trend chart shows the Drop-Out voltage of the Mini Relays, the values
plotted from 100 nos. of the relays at various temperatures.

DROP-OUT (VDC) OF THE MINI RELAYS

AT VARIOUS AMBIENT TEMPERATURS
10.00
Drop-out Voltage

3.41

1.81

1.00
(60) (40) (20) - 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

Temperature

As per this data, a relay with 3.5 VDC drop-out voltage at 23 Degree C can drop at
5 VDC at 100 Degree C. The complete values of the relays (100 nos.) measured at
various temperature conditions are given in the Annexure -3

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 8

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY

CHAPTER -5
Conclusion

The functional parameters of the Electro-mechanical relays have a direct bearing on

the temperature of measurement as the coil resistance of the relays varies with the
temperature (increase in the coil resistance and thereby decrease in the coil
current).

As the Pick-up & Drop-Out voltage of the relays also varies with regards to the
above, the specification of these parameters at Room temperature to be derived
after assessing the worst working conditions at the Engine Compartment of the
Vehicle. Also the battery voltage conditions at various stages of life also to be
considered.

***

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 9

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY

ANNEXURE-1
Coil Resistance of the relays (100 nos.) at various temperatures

PRODUCT DETAILS: Series 74 Mini relay , 12VDC Coil SAMPLE 100 nos.
SIZE.
CUSTOMER: NA# , Various Customers
EQUIPMENT USED FOR Multimeter –HP, DC Regulated Power Supply – Elnova, Climatic Chamber-
TESTS Espec , Oven -Memmert
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the Coil Current of relays at various temperatures
TEST STANDARD: OEN Internal specification

TEST /EVALUATION RESULTS

Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C

Specification > 53ῼ > 70ῼ > 87 ῼ > 98 ῼ

Sample 1 54.00 77.10 89.40 99.30

Sample 2 55.60 76.80 88.80 100.70

Sample 3 55.10 77.80 90.60 98.50

Sample 4 55.10 77.30 91.20 98.50

Sample 5 54.90 77.70 94.40 99.30

Sample 6 54.40 81.10 90.60 100.00

Sample 7 54.00 78.30 89.40 100.70

Sample 8 54.20 76.50 88.80 101.50

Sample 9 54.20 77.20 90.00 103.80

Sample 10 54.90 77.10 91.80 103.80

Sample 11 55.10 77.20 91.20 103.80

Sample 12 55.60 78.20 90.60 103.10

Sample 13 55.10 77.10 93.10 102.30

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 10

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY
Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C

Specification > 53ῼ > 70ῼ > 87 ῼ > 98 ῼ

Sample 14 54.40 76.60 93.10 101.50

Sample 15 54.00 77.60 92.50 100.00

Sample 16 54.20 76.70 93.10 102.30

Sample 17 56.30 76.80 91.20 103.10

Sample 18 56.30 77.00 90.60 103.80

Sample 19 56.00 77.90 93.10 100.70

Sample 20 55.10 78.80 94.40 102.30

Sample 21 54.70 77.80 91.20 100.70

Sample 22 54.40 81.50 97.10 103.10

Sample 23 55.60 76.90 97.80 103.80

Sample 24 54.20 77.10 97.10 103.80

Sample 25 55.10 77.10 90.60 103.80

Sample 26 54.20 80.00 91.20 103.80

Sample 27 56.70 78.30 97.10 103.80

Sample 28 56.50 76.50 93.10 103.80

Sample 29 54.70 79.40 91.20 103.10

Sample 30 56.50 78.20 91.80 102.30

Sample 31 58.70 77.20 94.40 101.50

Sample 32 54.40 77.10 89.40 100.70

Sample 33 56.30 76.70 88.80 100.00

Sample 34 55.60 76.70 90.00 99.30

Sample 35 56.70 76.70 88.80 98.50

Sample 36 56.00 79.40 90.60 98.50

Sample 37 56.00 78.20 88.80 98.50

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 11

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY
Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C

Specification > 53ῼ > 70ῼ > 87 ῼ > 98 ῼ

Sample 38 56.70 76.90 88.20 100.00

Sample 39 56.00 76.60 89.40 102.30

Sample 40 57.00 76.90 90.60 101.50

Sample 41 57.40 77.10 90.00 100.70

Sample 42 57.20 76.70 90.00 101.50

Sample 43 57.20 78.70 90.00 103.80

Sample 44 56.30 79.50 90.00 103.10

Sample 45 54.00 76.50 90.60 105.50

Sample 46 56.00 76.50 91.20 101.50

Sample 47 54.00 76.70 91.20 102.30

Sample 48 54.00 76.80 90.60 101.50

Sample 49 56.50 77.50 90.00 100.70

Sample 50 57.20 79.80 90.60 104.70

Sample 51 56.70 77.10 90.60 104.70

Sample 52 54.90 77.10 91.20 105.50

Sample 53 56.30 76.40 91.80 103.10

Sample 54 57.20 78.70 90.00 103.80

Sample 55 56.50 76.70 89.40 106.30

Sample 56 56.00 76.50 91.80 104.70

Sample 57 56.30 78.10 89.40 102.30

Sample 58 56.30 79.90 90.60 103.80

Sample 59 58.70 76.80 90.00 103.80

Sample 60 57.40 76.80 90.60 103.80

Sample 61 57.00 76.80 90.00 103.80

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 12

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY
Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C

Specification > 53ῼ > 70ῼ > 87 ῼ > 98 ῼ

Sample 62 58.40 76.70 91.80 103.80

Sample 63 58.40 78.90 97.10 100.00

Sample 64 58.70 77.40 97.80 100.00

Sample 65 56.30 77.10 97.10 99.30

Sample 66 54.00 76.60 98.50 100.00

Sample 67 53.80 76.50 90.60 99.30

Sample 68 55.60 76.70 90.60 101.10

Sample 69 54.40 76.80 91.20 103.80

Sample 70 56.30 77.20 91.20 103.80

Sample 71 56.30 77.30 97.10 103.10

Sample 72 56.30 76.40 96.40 103.10

Sample 73 56.30 76.90 96.40 102.30

Sample 74 56.30 77.30 96.40 102.30

Sample 75 56.30 77.20 96.40 98.50

Sample 76 56.50 79.20 97.10 99.30

Sample 77 58.40 76.80 91.20 99.30

Sample 78 54.00 77.40 94.40 99.30

Sample 79 54.20 76.60 94.40 100.00

Sample 80 58.70 78.00 93.10 100.00

Sample 81 58.70 76.40 89.40 99.30

Sample 82 55.10 80.00 88.80 99.30

Sample 83 54.90 78.30 90.60 101.10

Sample 84 54.40 76.50 91.20 103.80

Sample 85 54.00 79.40 94.40 103.80

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 13

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY
Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C

Specification > 53ῼ > 70ῼ > 87 ῼ > 98 ῼ

Sample 86 54.20 78.20 90.60 100.70

Sample 87 54.20 77.20 89.40 104.70

Sample 88 54.90 79.20 88.80 101.50

Sample 89 55.10 76.80 90.00 100.70

Sample 90 55.60 77.40 91.80 99.30

Sample 91 55.10 76.70 91.20 98.50

Sample 92 54.40 76.80 90.60 98.50

Sample 93 56.30 77.50 93.10 98.50

Sample 94 56.30 76.80 90.60 103.80

Sample 95 56.30 77.80 90.00 103.80

Sample 96 54.20 77.30 90.60 103.80

Sample 97 58.70 77.70 90.60 103.10

Sample 98 58.70 81.10 91.20 98.50

Sample 99 58.70 79.00 91.80 100.00

Sample 100 56.00 76.30 89.40 102.30

Maximum 58.70 81.50 98.50 106.30

Minimum 53.80 76.30 88.20 98.50
Range 4.90 5.20 10.30 7.80
Mean 55.81 77.55 91.79 101.74

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 14

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY

ANNEXURE-2
Coil current of the relays (100 nos.) at various temperatures

PRODUCT DETAILS: Series 74 Mini relay , 12VDC Coil SAMPLE 100 nos.
SIZE.
CUSTOMER: NA# , Various Customers
EQUIPMENT USED FOR Multimeter –HP, DC Regulated Power Supply – Elnova, Climatic Chamber-
TESTS Espec , Oven -Memmert
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the Coil Current of relays at various temperatures
TEST STANDARD: OEN Internal specification

TEST /EVALUATION RESULTS

Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C

Specification < 300 mA < 300 mA < 300 mA < 300 mA

Sample 1 250.00 175.70 151.00 136.00

Sample 2 243.00 175.80 152.00 134.00

Sample 3 245.00 173.50 149.00 137.00

Sample 4 245.00 174.70 148.00 137.00

Sample 5 246.00 173.80 143.00 136.00

Sample 6 248.00 166.40 149.00 135.00

Sample 7 250.00 172.40 151.00 134.00

Sample 8 249.00 176.50 152.00 133.00

Sample 9 249.00 174.80 150.00 130.00

Sample 10 246.00 175.10 147.00 130.00

Sample 11 245.00 174.80 148.00 130.00

Sample 12 243.00 172.60 149.00 131.00

Sample 13 245.00 175.00 145.00 132.00

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 15

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY
Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C

Specification < 300 mA < 300 mA < 300 mA < 300 mA

Sample 14 248.00 176.20 145.00 133.00

Sample 15 250.00 173.90 146.00 135.00

Sample 16 249.00 176.00 145.00 132.00

Sample 17 240.00 175.70 148.00 131.00

Sample 18 240.00 175.30 149.00 130.00

Sample 19 241.00 173.40 145.00 134.00

Sample 20 245.00 171.30 143.00 132.00

Sample 21 247.00 173.60 148.00 134.00

Sample 22 248.00 165.70 139.00 131.00

Sample 23 243.00 175.50 138.00 130.00

Sample 24 249.00 175.00 139.00 130.00

Sample 25 245.00 175.20 149.00 130.00

Sample 26 249.00 168.80 148.00 130.00

Sample 27 238.00 172.40 139.00 130.00

Sample 28 239.00 176.40 145.00 130.00

Sample 29 247.00 170.00 148.00 131.00

Sample 30 239.00 172.60 147.00 132.00

Sample 31 230.00 174.80 143.00 133.00

Sample 32 248.00 175.20 151.00 134.00

Sample 33 240.00 176.00 152.00 135.00

Sample 34 243.00 176.10 150.00 136.00

Sample 35 238.00 176.10 152.00 137.00

Sample 36 241.00 170.00 149.00 137.00

Sample 37 241.00 172.70 152.00 137.00

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 16

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY
Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C

Specification < 300 mA < 300 mA < 300 mA < 300 mA

Sample 38 238.00 175.60 153.00 135.00

Sample 39 241.00 176.30 151.00 132.00

Sample 40 237.00 175.50 149.00 133.00

Sample 41 235.00 175.20 150.00 134.00

Sample 42 236.00 176.10 150.00 133.00

Sample 43 236.00 171.60 150.00 130.00

Sample 44 240.00 169.90 150.00 131.00

Sample 45 250.00 176.50 149.00 128.00

Sample 46 241.00 176.50 148.00 133.00

Sample 47 250.00 176.00 148.00 132.00

Sample 48 250.00 175.80 149.00 133.00

Sample 49 239.00 174.20 150.00 134.00

Sample 50 236.00 169.20 149.00 129.00

Sample 51 238.00 175.00 149.00 129.00

Sample 52 246.00 175.20 148.00 128.00

Sample 53 240.00 176.70 147.00 131.00

Sample 54 241.00 169.90 150.00 131.00

Sample 55 239.00 176.00 151.00 127.00

Sample 56 241.00 176.50 147.00 129.00

Sample 57 240.00 172.80 151.00 132.00

Sample 58 240.00 169.00 149.00 130.00

Sample 59 230.00 175.80 150.00 130.00

Sample 60 235.00 175.80 149.00 130.00

Sample 61 237.00 175.80 150.00 130.00

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 17

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY
Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C

Specification < 300 mA < 300 mA < 300 mA < 300 mA

Sample 62 231.00 176.00 147.00 130.00

Sample 63 231.00 171.00 139.00 135.00

Sample 64 230.00 174.50 138.00 135.00

Sample 65 240.00 175.20 139.00 136.00

Sample 66 250.00 176.20 137.00 135.00

Sample 67 251.00 176.40 149.00 136.00

Sample 68 243.00 176.10 149.00 133.50

Sample 69 248.00 175.80 148.00 130.00

Sample 70 240.00 174.80 148.00 130.00

Sample 71 240.00 174.70 139.00 131.00

Sample 72 240.00 176.60 140.00 131.00

Sample 73 240.00 175.50 140.00 132.00

Sample 74 240.00 174.60 140.00 132.00

Sample 75 240.00 174.80 140.00 137.00

Sample 76 239.00 170.50 139.00 136.00

Sample 77 231.00 175.80 148.00 136.00

Sample 78 250.00 174.40 143.00 136.00

Sample 79 249.00 176.20 143.00 135.00

Sample 80 230.00 173.00 145.00 135.00

Sample 81 241.00 171.30 151.00 131.00

Sample 82 241.00 173.60 147.00 132.00

Sample 83 238.00 165.70 151.00 133.00

Sample 84 241.00 175.50 148.00 135.00

Sample 85 237.00 175.00 139.00 132.00

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 18

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY
Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C

Specification < 300 mA < 300 mA < 300 mA < 300 mA

Sample 86 235.00 175.20 140.00 131.00

Sample 87 236.00 168.80 140.00 130.00

Sample 88 236.00 172.40 140.00 134.00

Sample 89 240.00 175.80 148.00 129.00

Sample 90 250.00 175.80 143.00 128.00

Sample 91 241.00 176.00 149.00 131.00

Sample 92 250.00 171.00 151.00 127.00

Sample 93 240.00 174.50 139.00 136.00

Sample 94 240.00 175.20 140.00 135.00

Sample 95 230.00 176.20 140.00 134.00

Sample 96 235.00 176.40 152.00 133.00

Sample 97 237.00 176.10 149.00 135.10

Sample 98 231.00 175.30 148.00 135.60

Sample 99 231.00 173.40 143.00 136.00

Sample 100 230.00 171.30 149.00 136.10

Maximum 251.00 176.70 153.00 137.00

Minimum 230.00 165.70 137.00 127.00
Range 21.00 11.00 16.00 10.00
Mean 241.21 174.17 146.45 132.60

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 19

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY

ANNEXURE-3
Pick-up voltage of the relays (100 nos.) at various temperatures

PRODUCT DETAILS: Series 74 Mini relay , 12VDC Coil SAMPLE 100 nos.
SIZE.
CUSTOMER: NA# , Various Customers
EQUIPMENT USED FOR Multimeter –HP, DC Regulated Power Supply – Elnova, Climatic Chamber-
TESTS Espec , Oven -Memmert
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the Coil Current of relays at various temperatures
TEST STANDARD: OEN Internal specification

TEST /EVALUATION RESULTS

Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C

Specification 3.0 - 5.5 V 4.0 - 7.2 V 5.0 - 9.0 V 5.5 - 10.0 V
Sample 1 4.80 6.70 7.50 8.00
Sample 2 4.80 6.90 7.60 8.30
Sample 3 5.00 6.80 7.80 8.60
Sample 4 4.40 5.80 7.40 7.60
Sample 5 4.80 6.60 7.40 8.00
Sample 6 5.10 6.70 7.90 8.60
Sample 7 5.00 6.60 7.60 8.20
Sample 8 4.80 6.50 7.60 8.40
Sample 9 4.80 6.50 7.60 8.20
Sample 10 4.40 5.80 6.90 7.60
Sample 11 4.60 6.10 7.30 8.00
Sample 12 4.40 6.10 7.10 7.70
Sample 13 4.80 6.50 7.30 7.90
Sample 14 4.40 6.20 6.90 8.00
Sample 15 4.30 5.90 7.00 7.50
Sample 16 4.30 5.90 8.00 7.40
Sample 17 5.10 6.90 6.80 8.70
Sample 18 4.40 6.30 6.90 7.70
Sample 19 4.10 5.70 6.60 7.30
Sample 20 4.20 6.20 6.70 7.40
Sample 21 4.90 6.70 7.90 7.90

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 20

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY
Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C
Specification 3.0 - 5.5 V 4.0 - 7.2 V 5.0 - 9.0 V 5.5 - 10.0 V
Sample 22 5.20 6.80 7.90 8.50
Sample 23 4.60 6.70 6.90 7.60
Sample 24 4.70 6.50 7.10 7.90
Sample 25 4.60 5.90 6.90 7.60
Sample 26 4.50 6.00 7.20 7.90
Sample 27 4.40 6.20 6.90 7.50
Sample 28 4.70 6.50 7.50 7.90
Sample 29 4.40 6.20 7.10 7.80
Sample 30 4.50 6.10 7.10 7.70
Sample 31 4.70 6.90 8.00 8.10
Sample 32 4.80 6.40 7.20 7.90

Sample 33 5.00 7.00 7.70 8.40

Sample 34 4.90 6.50 7.60 8.40
Sample 35 4.50 6.10 7.00 7.60
Sample 36 4.60 6.50 7.30 7.90
Sample 37 4.60 6.50 7.30 7.90
Sample 38 4.30 6.20 7.00 7.50
Sample 39 4.70 6.70 7.70 8.30
Sample 40 5.00 6.90 8.00 8.70
Sample 41 4.20 6.20 6.70 7.40
Sample 42 4.90 6.30 7.90 7.90
Sample 43 5.20 6.60 7.90 8.50
Sample 44 4.60 6.60 6.90 7.60
Sample 45 4.70 6.70 7.10 7.90
Sample 46 4.60 6.60 6.90 7.60
Sample 47 4.50 6.10 7.20 7.90
Sample 48 4.40 6.30 6.90 7.50
Sample 49 4.70 6.30 7.50 7.90
Sample 50 4.40 6.40 7.10 7.80
Sample 51 4.50 6.90 7.10 7.70
Sample 52 4.70 6.10 8.00 8.10
Sample 53 4.80 6.20 7.20 7.90
Sample 54 4.60 6.50 7.30 7.90
Sample 55 4.80 6.60 7.50 8.00
Sample 56 4.80 6.50 7.60 8.30
Sample 57 5.00 6.00 7.80 8.60
Sample 58 4.40 6.70 7.40 7.60

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 21

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY
Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C
Specification 3.0 - 5.5 V 4.0 - 7.2 V 5.0 - 9.0 V 5.5 - 10.0 V
Sample 59 4.80 6.00 7.40 8.00
Sample 60 5.10 6.30 7.90 8.60
Sample 61 5.00 6.00 7.60 8.20
Sample 62 4.80 6.00 7.60 8.40
Sample 63 4.80 6.30 7.60 8.20
Sample 64 4.40 6.10 6.90 7.60
Sample 65 4.60 6.60 7.30 8.00
Sample 66 4.40 5.90 7.10 7.70
Sample 67 4.80 6.60 7.30 7.90
Sample 68 4.40 6.30 6.90 8.00
Sample 69 4.30 5.70 7.00 7.50
Sample 70 4.30 5.90 8.00 7.40
Sample 71 4.70 6.20 8.00 8.10
Sample 72 4.80 6.60 7.20 7.90
Sample 73 5.00 6.70 7.70 8.40
Sample 74 4.90 6.10 7.60 8.40
Sample 75 4.50 6.30 7.00 7.60
Sample 76 4.60 6.30 7.30 7.90
Sample 77 4.60 6.20 7.30 7.90
Sample 78 4.30 6.60 7.00 7.50
Sample 79 4.70 6.40 7.70 8.30
Sample 80 5.00 6.10 8.00 8.70
Sample 81 4.80 6.20 7.50 8.00
Sample 82 4.80 6.70 7.60 8.60
Sample 83 4.80 6.90 7.80 7.60
Sample 84 5.00 6.80 7.40 8.00
Sample 85 4.40 5.80 7.40 8.60
Sample 86 4.80 6.60 7.90 8.20
Sample 87 5.10 6.70 7.60 8.40
Sample 88 5.00 6.60 7.40 8.20
Sample 89 4.80 6.50 7.90 8.40
Sample 90 4.80 6.50 7.60 8.20
Sample 91 4.60 6.10 7.60 7.60
Sample 92 4.40 6.30 7.60 8.50
Sample 93 4.80 6.10 6.90 7.60
Sample 94 4.40 6.20 8.00 7.90
Sample 95 4.60 6.60 7.20 8.60

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 22

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY
Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C
Specification 3.0 - 5.5 V 4.0 - 7.2 V 5.0 - 9.0 V 5.5 - 10.0 V
Sample 96 4.40 6.50 7.70 7.60
Sample 97 4.80 6.00 7.50 8.00
Sample 98 4.40 6.70 7.60 8.60
Sample 99 4.60 6.00 7.80 8.50
Sample 100 4.80 6.50 7.40 8.60
Maximum 5.20 7.00 8.00 8.70
Minimum 4.10 5.70 6.60 7.30
Range 1.10 1.30 1.40 1.40
Mean 4.67 6.37 7.40 8.00

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 23

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY

ANNEXURE-4
Drop-Out Values of the relays (100 nos.) at various temperatures

PRODUCT DETAILS: Series 74 Mini relay , 12VDC Coil SAMPLE 100 nos.
SIZE.
CUSTOMER: NA# , Various Customers
EQUIPMENT USED FOR Multimeter –HP, DC Regulated Power Supply – Elnova, Climatic Chamber-
TESTS Espec , Oven -Memmert
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the Coil Current of relays at various temperatures
TEST STANDARD: OEN Internal specification

TEST /EVALUATION RESULTS

Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C

Specification 0.8 - 3.0 V 1.0 - 4.0 V 1.2 - 5.0 V 1.4 - 5.5 V

Sample 1 1.90 2.20 3.00 3.50

Sample 2 2.00 2.30 3.20 3.80

Sample 3 1.90 2.00 2.70 3.20

Sample 4 1.80 2.00 2.80 3.20

Sample 5 1.90 2.20 2.90 3.50

Sample 6 1.80 2.20 2.60 3.20

Sample 7 2.20 2.40 2.90 3.60

Sample 8 1.80 2.40 3.00 3.60

Sample 9 1.70 2.20 2.80 3.50

Sample 10 1.70 2.10 2.80 3.30

Sample 11 1.60 2.00 2.70 3.20

Sample 12 1.60 2.00 2.60 3.30

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 24

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY
Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C

Specification 0.8 - 3.0 V 1.0 - 4.0 V 1.2 - 5.0 V 1.4 - 5.5 V

Sample 13 1.80 2.20 2.80 3.30

Sample 14 1.60 2.00 2.60 3.30

Sample 15 1.60 2.00 2.70 3.40

Sample 16 1.60 1.90 2.70 3.10

Sample 17 1.90 2.50 2.60 3.60

Sample 18 1.80 2.00 2.90 3.40

Sample 19 1.90 2.00 2.80 3.20

Sample 20 2.00 2.50 2.90 3.60

Sample 21 1.70 2.00 2.80 3.30

Sample 22 2.10 2.40 3.10 3.60

Sample 23 1.80 2.10 2.80 3.30

Sample 24 1.80 2.10 2.90 3.30

Sample 25 1.60 2.00 2.60 3.30

Sample 26 1.90 2.00 2.90 3.40

Sample 27 1.70 2.20 2.80 3.20

Sample 28 1.90 2.10 2.90 3.40

Sample 29 1.60 2.00 2.70 3.10

Sample 30 1.60 1.90 2.70 3.20

Sample 31 2.20 2.40 3.30 3.80

Sample 32 2.00 2.50 3.20 3.70

Sample 33 2.00 2.60 2.80 3.40

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 25

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY
Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C

Specification 0.8 - 3.0 V 1.0 - 4.0 V 1.2 - 5.0 V 1.4 - 5.5 V

Sample 34 1.80 2.20 2.90 3.40

Sample 35 1.90 2.30 3.10 3.60

Sample 36 1.70 2.20 2.80 3.30

Sample 37 1.70 2.20 2.90 3.30

Sample 38 1.80 2.30 3.00 3.50

Sample 39 1.80 2.20 2.80 3.40

Sample 40 1.90 2.40 3.20 3.70

Sample 41 2.00 1.90 2.90 3.60

Sample 42 1.70 2.00 2.80 3.30

Sample 43 2.10 2.20 3.10 3.60

Sample 44 1.80 2.40 2.80 3.30

Sample 45 1.80 2.30 2.90 3.30

Sample 46 1.60 2.30 2.60 3.30

Sample 47 1.90 2.20 2.90 3.40

Sample 48 1.70 2.00 2.80 3.20

Sample 49 1.90 2.00 2.90 3.40

Sample 50 1.60 2.40 2.70 3.10

Sample 51 1.60 2.50 2.70 3.20

Sample 52 2.20 2.10 3.30 3.80

Sample 53 2.00 2.50 3.20 3.70

Sample 54 1.80 2.20 2.90 3.40

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 26

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY
Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C

Specification 0.8 - 3.0 V 1.0 - 4.0 V 1.2 - 5.0 V 1.4 - 5.5 V

Sample 55 1.90 2.20 3.00 3.50

Sample 56 2.00 2.30 3.20 3.80

Sample 57 1.90 2.20 2.70 3.20

Sample 58 1.80 2.40 2.80 3.20

Sample 59 1.90 2.00 2.90 3.50

Sample 60 1.80 2.20 2.60 3.20

Sample 61 2.20 2.10 2.90 3.60

Sample 62 1.80 2.30 3.00 3.60

Sample 63 1.70 2.20 2.80 3.50

Sample 64 1.70 2.00 2.80 3.30

Sample 65 1.60 2.20 2.70 3.20

Sample 66 1.60 2.00 2.60 3.30

Sample 67 1.80 2.20 2.80 3.30

Sample 68 1.60 2.30 2.60 3.30

Sample 69 1.60 2.00 2.70 3.40

Sample 70 1.60 2.00 2.70 3.10

Sample 71 2.20 2.20 3.30 3.80

Sample 72 2.00 1.90 3.20 3.70

Sample 73 2.00 2.00 2.80 3.40

Sample 74 1.80 2.30 2.90 3.40

Sample 75 1.90 2.20 3.10 3.60

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 27

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY
Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C

Specification 0.8 - 3.0 V 1.0 - 4.0 V 1.2 - 5.0 V 1.4 - 5.5 V

Sample 76 1.70 2.30 2.80 3.30

Sample 77 1.70 2.00 2.90 3.30

Sample 78 1.80 2.50 3.00 3.50

Sample 79 1.80 2.10 2.80 3.40

Sample 80 1.90 2.10 3.20 3.70

Sample 81 1.90 2.20 3.00 3.50

Sample 82 1.60 2.10 2.70 3.50

Sample 83 1.60 2.10 2.70 3.80

Sample 84 1.80 2.00 3.30 3.20

Sample 85 1.60 2.00 3.20 3.20

Sample 86 1.60 2.20 2.80 3.50

Sample 87 1.60 2.10 3.00 3.20

Sample 88 1.90 2.00 2.80 3.60

Sample 89 1.80 2.30 3.20 3.60

Sample 90 1.70 2.20 2.90 3.30

Sample 91 1.70 2.20 2.80 3.30

Sample 92 1.80 2.30 2.70 3.50

Sample 93 1.80 2.30 2.70 3.40

Sample 94 1.80 2.00 3.30 3.30

Sample 95 1.90 2.00 3.20 3.30

Sample 96 2.00 2.20 2.80 3.30

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 28

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A
RELAY
Temperature -40 Deg. C 23 Deg. C 85 Deg. C 125 Deg. C

Specification 0.8 - 3.0 V 1.0 - 4.0 V 1.2 - 5.0 V 1.4 - 5.5 V

Sample 97 1.70 2.20 2.90 3.40

Sample 98 2.10 2.10 3.10 3.20

Sample 99 1.80 2.20 2.80 3.20

Sample 100 1.80 2.30 3.00 3.80

Maximum 1.90 2.40 3.10 3.70

Minimum 1.60 1.90 2.60 3.10

Range 0.30 0.50 0.50 0.60

Mean 1.81 2.17 2.88 3.41

***

LABORATORY REPORT |QUALITY A SS URA NCE | Page 29