M. Tech.

Communication Engineering Syllabus

Modified Syllabus

Mathematical Foundations for Communication

ET 951 L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6
Engineering
ESE
MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total
Evaluation Scheme Duration
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

OBJECTIVES:
To introduce the concepts of linear algebra and its applications in the field of communication
Engineering.To introduce the fundamentals of probability theory and random processes and
illustrate these concepts with Communication engineering applications such as signal processing
and digital communications.

Unit I
Introduction to Probability :Definitions, scope and history; limitation of classical and relative-
frequency-based definitions. Sets, fields, sample space and events; axiomatic definition of
probability. Combinatorics: Probability on finite sample spaces. Joint and conditional probabilities,
independence, total probability; Bayes’ rule and applications

Unit II
Random variables : Definition of random variables, continuous and discrete random variables,
cumulative distribution function (cdf) for discrete and continuous random variables; probability
mass function (pmf); probability density functions (pdf) and properties. Jointly distributed random
variables, conditional and joint density and distribution functions, independence; Bayes’ rule for
continuous and mixed random variables

Unit III
Function of random a variable, pdf of the function of a random variable; Function of two random
variables; Sum of two independent random variables
Expectation: mean, variance and moments of a random variable. Joint moments, conditional
expectation; covariance and correlation; independent, uncorrelated and orthogonal random
variables. Random vector: mean vector, covariance matrix and properties

Unit IV
Some special distributions: Uniform, Gaussian and Rayleigh distributions; Binomial, and Poisson
distributions; Multivariate Gaussian distribution
Vector-space representation of random variables, linear independence, inner product, Schwarz
Inequality
Elements of estimation theory: linear minimum mean-square error and orthogonality principle in
estimation; Moment-generating and characteristic functions and their applications, Bounds and
approximations: Chebysev inequality and Chernoff Bound

Unit V
Sequence of random variables and convergence: Almost sure (a.s.) convergence and strong law
of large numbers; convergence in mean square sense with examples from parameter estimation;
convergence in probability with examples; convergence in distribution. Central limit theorem and
its significance.

Unit VI
Random process
Basic definitions, importantant Random processes, continuous-time linear systems with random
inputs white noise, classification of random processes, WSS processes and LSI systems,

Textbook:
1. H. Stark, J.W Woods, Probability and Random Processes, Pearson Education, 2002
2. A. Papoulis, S. U. Pillai, Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic Processes, McGraw
Hill, 2002.

Reference Books:

1. R D Yates, D J Goodman, Probability and Stochastic Processes, John Wiley and Sons,
19992.
 1.
ET 952 Passive RF Circuits and Systems L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

ESE
Evaluation MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

OBJECTIVES:
To understand and study the design of RF circuits in communication systems. This course will help
in Resonator and RF Filter designing, Study of RF Active components, RF transistor amplifier
design, Oscillators and mixers used in RF design.

Unit I: Review of Basic Transmission Line Theory, Planar Transmission Lines - Stripline,
microstrip line, Suspended strip line and coplanar line; Parallel coupled lines in Stripline and
microstrip – Analysis, Design and characteristics.
Unit II: Microwave Network Analysis - Microwave network representation, Impedance and
admittance matrices, Scattering parameters, Typical two-port, three port, four port networks;
Impedance Matching Techniques - Smith chart, Matching networks using lumped elements, Single-
and double-stub matching, Quarter wave transformer.
Unit III: Basic Passive Components -Lumped elements in MIC, Discontinuities and resonators in
microstrip, Analysis and design of Stripline/microstrip components- Directional couplers, Power
divider, Hybrid ring.
Unit IV: Switches and Phase Shifters Basic series and shunt switches in microstrip; SPST and
SPDT switches, Switched line, branch line coupled and loaded line phase shifters in microstrip,
Applications in phased arrays.
Unit V: MIC Filters - Lumped element filter design at RF. Impedance and Low pass scaling,
Frequency transformation, High impedance/Low impedance low pass filter, Parallel coupled band
pass filter, Spur line band stop filter, Realization in microstrip and suspended stripline
Unit VI: Basics of MIC, MMIC and MEMS technologies - Substrates used.

Text book:
1. M.M. Radmanesh, Radio Frequency and Microwave Electronics, Pearson Education Asia,
2001

References:
1. B. Bhat & S.K. Koul, Stripline-like Transmission Line for Microwave Integrated Circuits,
New Age Intl. (P) Ltd., 1989.
2. D. K. Misra, Radio Frequency and Microwave Communication Circuits – Analysis and
Design, John Wiley & Sons, 2001.
 3. D. M. Pozar, Microwave Engineering, 2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 1998.

ET 953 Passive RF Circuits and Systems Lab L=0 T=0 P=2 Credits=2

Continuous Evaluation ESE

Evaluation ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
40 60 100

Practicals:- Experiments based on the above syllabus.

ET 954 Advanced Digital Communication L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

Evaluation MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total ESE

Scheme Duration
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

OBJECTIVES:
This course discusses the principles that underline the analysis and design of digital communication
systems. The focus is on the reliable transmission and reception of symbols over noisy channels.
The students will explore linear and nonlinear modulation techniques, various channels like AWGN
and fading, Synchronization techniques, Equalization techniques and MIMO channels

Unit-I

Review of fundamental concepts and parameters in Digital Communications, Performance of BPSK

and QPSK in AWGN channel, Performance of binary FSK and M-ary PSK in AWGN channel.

Unit-II

Minimum Shift Keying (MSK) Modulation, GMSK, Continuous Phase Modulation (CPM) Schemes
Channel Characterization and Modeling, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM),
Carrier Synchronization, Timing synchronization.

Unit-III

Representations of band pass signal and systems, signal space representation, representation of
digitally modulated signals, spectral characteristics of digitally modulated signals.

Unit-IV
Optimum receiver for signals corrupted by AWGN, performance of the Optimum receiver for
memory less modulation, Optimum receiver for CPM signals Optimum receiver for signal with
random phase in AWGN channel.

Unit-V
Spread spectrum signals for digital communications: Introduction to Spread Spectrum Modulation,
DSSS, FHSS, and CDMA signals, Code Acquisition and Tracking, Spread Spectrum as a Multiple
Access Technique.

Unit-VI
Multichannel and Multicarrier Systems; Digital Communications through Fading Multipath
channels; Multi User Communications.
Text Books:
1. “Digital Communications”, J.G.Proakis 4th Edition,McGraw Hill, 1995
2. “Digital Communications”, Simon HaykinJohn Wiley & Sons , 1998

Reference Books:
1. “Principles of Digital Communications and Coding” J. Viterbi and J. K. Omura, , McGraw
Hil,1979
2. “Spread Spectrum Communications” Marvin K. Simon, Jim K Omura, Robert A. Scholtz,
Barry K.Levit, , 1995.
3. “CDMA Principles of Spread Spectrum Communications “Andrew J Viterbi, , Addison
Wesley, 1995.

ET 955 Advanced Digital Communication Lab L=0 T=0 P=2 Credits=2

Continuous Evaluation ESE

Evaluation ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
40 60 100

Practicals:- Experiments based on the above syllabus.

Modified Syllabus

ET 956 Adaptive Signal Processing L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

ESE
Evaluation MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

OBJECTIVES:
Advances in Digital Signal Processing involve variable sampling rates, applications in
communication systems and signal processing. Linear adaptive filters are studied. It is intended to
introduce a course in multirate signal processing, filtering and spectrum estimation.

Unit-I
Wiener filtering. Optimum linear prediction. Levinson- Durbin algorithm. Prediction error filters.

Unit-II
Adaptive filters. FIR adaptive LMS algorithm. Convergence of adaptive algorithms. Fast
algorithms. Applications; Noise canceller, echo canceller and equalizer.

Unit-III
Transform domain adaptive filters, The orthogonalization property of orthogonal transforms, The
transform domain LMS algorithm

Unit-IV
Recursive least – squares algorithms. Matrix inversion lemma. Convergence analysis of the RLS
algorithm.

Unit-V
Adaptive beam forming. Kalman filtering.

Unit-VI
Fast RLS algorithm, Least square forward prediction, Least square backward prediction, least square
lattice, The RLS algorithm, The FTRLS algorithm. Case studies and Industrial Applications.

Textbooks
1. B.Farhang Boroujeny ,Adaptive Filters:Theory & Applications ,wiley Publication
 2. J.G.Proakis et al, Advanced Digital Signal Processing, McGraw –Hill,1992
3. S.Haykin, Adaptive Filter Theory (3/e), Prentice- Hall,1996

References
1. D.G.Manolakis et al, Statistical and Adaptive Signal Processing, McGraw-Hill,2005
2. Marple, Spectral Analysis,
3. M.H.Hays, Statistical Digital Signal Processing and Modeling, John-Wiley.

ET 957 Advanced Digital Signal Processing Lab L=0 T=0 P=2 Credits=2

Evaluation Continuous Evaluation ESE Total ESE

Scheme Duration
40 60 100

Practicals :- Experiments based on the above syllabus.

ET 958 Error Control Coding L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

ESE
Evaluation MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

OBJECTIVES:
The purpose of the course is to present error correction/detection coding in a modern setting,
covering both traditional concepts thoroughly as well as modern developments in soft-decision and
iteratively decoded codes and recent decoding algorithms for algebraic codes.
Unit-I
Coding for reliable digital transmission and storage. Groups, Rings, Vector Spaces, Galois Fields,
Polynomial rings.
Unit-II
Channel models, Linear Block codes, Cyclic codes, BCH codes, Reed Solomon Codes, Berlekamp-
Massey and Euclid decoding algorithm, Decoding beyond the minimum distance Parameter,
Applications of Reed-Solomon codes.
Unit-III
Convolution codes, decoding algorithms for Convolution codes, Viterbi, Stack and Fano algorithms,
Application of Convolution codes.
Unit-IV
Codes based on the Fourier Transform, Algorithms based on the Fourier Transform.
Unit-V
Trellis coded Modulation, Combinatorial description of Block and Convolution codes, Algorithms
for the construction of minimal and tail biting trellises.
Unit-VI
Soft decision decoding algorithms, Iterative decoding algorithms, Turbo-decoding, Two-way
algorithm, LDPC codes, Use of LDPC codes in digital video broadcasting, belief propagation (BP)
algorithms, Space-Time codes.

Textbooks:
1. Shu Lin and Danicl J. Costello Jr., Error Control Coding: Fundamentals and Applications,
Prentice Hall, 2003.

References:
1. S. B Wicker, Error Control Systems for Digital Communication and Storage, Prentice Hall
International, 1995.
2. Blahut R. E, Theory and Practise of Error Control Codes, Addisson Wesley, 1983.
3. Blahut R.E., Algebraic codes for Data transmission, Cambridge University Press, 2003.
4. Johannesson R and Zigangirov K.S, Fundamentals of Convolutional codes, IEEE press,
1999.
5. V. S Pless and W. C Huffman, A. Vardy, Trellis structure of codes, Chapter 24 of Handbook of
Coding Theory.
6. Todd K Moon Error Correction Coding-Mathematical methods & algorithms, Wiley
Modified Syllabus

ET 959 Embedded Systems L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

OBJECTIVES:
The course introduces us with the basics of embedded systems, familiarity with the Optimizing
Design Metrics, processor technology, IC technology, design technology, hardware, the software,
peripherals, memory and interfacing and tradeoffs.
 
Unit I: Embedded Systems, Introduction, Design Metrics, Processor Technology, IC Technology,
Design Technology, Design Productivity Gap, Custom Single purpose Processor Design, RT level
design, FSMD, Data-paths, Optimization, Instruction set simulators for simple processors

Unit II: Architectural Features Of ARM: Processor modes, Register organization, Exceptions and
its handling, Memory, Memory-mapped I/Os, ARM and THUMB instruction sets, Addressing
modes, DSP extensions, ARM sample codes,ARM7/9 Core: H/W architecture, Timing diagrams for
Memory access, Co-processor interface, Debug support, Scan chains, Embedded Real Time ICE,
Hardware and software breakpoints

Unit III: Buses: AMBA, ASB, APB, Case study of Intel XSCALE architecture or Samsung ARM
implementations, Development tool like Compilers, Debuggers, IDE etc.

Unit IV: DSP Architecture: MAC, Modified bus structures and Memory access schemes, Multiple
access Memory , Multi-ported memory, VLIW architecture, Pipelining, Special addressing modes,
On chip peripherals.
Unit V: 32 bit floating point DSP Processor: Introduction, features, Applications, Block diagram,
Internal architecture, CPU & data paths, Functional units, Addressing modes, Memory architecture,
External memory accesses, Pipeline operation, Peripherals

Unit VI: Assembly language programming. Hardware tools: DSP and other DSP boards Software
tools: Assembly language tools.

Textbook:
 1. “ARM System Developer's Guide: Designing and Optimizing” , Sloss Andrew N, Symes
Dominic, Wright Chris, Morgan Kaufman Publication.2004
2. “Digital signal processors” ,B. Venkataramani, M Bhaskar, 1st Edition, Tata McGraw Hill ,
2002

References:
3. “ARM System-on-Chip Architecture”, Steve furber ,2nd Edition, Pearson Education,2002
4. “Embedded System Design”, Frank Vahid and Tony Givargis, 1 st Edition ,Wiely
Publication , 2002-
5. Technical references on www.arm.com
6. “Embedded System Design” , Raj Kamal, , Tata McGraw Hill , 2003
7. Technical reference manuals from TI
ET 960 Radar Signal Processing L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

ESE
Evaluation MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

OBJECTIVES:
This course offer digital technology weather radar, microburst detection and digital correlators.
Providing a broad outlook at modern theory as well as a review of all the developments in practical
equipment design and construction in recent years.

Unit-I
Radar and its composite environment, Review of Radar range performance computations.
Unit-II
Detection Processes, Sequential and adaptive processes.
Unit-III
Atmospheric effects, Sea and land Back scatter.
Unit-IV
Signal Processing concepts and waveform designs.
Unit-V
MTI & CW radars.
Unit-VI
Phase coding techniques, FM pulse compression waveforms, Metrological radar and system
performance analysis.

Textbook:
1.F.E Nathanson, Radar Design Principles, Signal Processing and The Environment, PMI, 2004.
Reference Books:
1. R.J Sullivan, Radar Foundations for imaging and Advanced Concepts, PMI, 2004.
2.J.C. Toomay, Principles of radar, PMI, 2004.
Modified Syllabus
ET 961 Advanced Antenna Theory L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

ESE
Evaluation MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

OBJECTIVES:
The course aims at basic principles and theory of antennas. It gives the latest developments and
advances on antennas and its physical concepts are emphasized.

Unit-I
Planar Antennas Microstrip rectangular and circular patch antennas. Analysis and design, Feeding
Methods; Circularly polarized microstrip antennas, Broadbanding techniques. Printed slot antennas.
Unit-II
Array Theory Linear array; Broadside and end fire arrays, Self and mutual impedance of between
Linear elements, grating lobe considerations. Planar array Array factor, beamwidth, directivity.
Example of microstrip patches arrays and feed networks & analysis.
Unit-III
Electronic scanning. Broadband Antennas-Folded dipole, Sleeve dipole, Biconical antenna Analysis,
characteristics, matching techniques.
Unit-IV
Yagi array of linear elements and printed version, Log-periodic dipole array. Frequency
Independent Antennas Planar spiral antenna, Log periodic dipole array.
Unit-V
Aperture Antennas- Field equivalence principle, Babinet’s principle. Rectangular waveguide horn
antenna, Parabolic reflector antenna.
Unit-VI
Antennas for mobile communication. Handset antennas, Introduction to Smart antenna.

Textbook
1. C. A. Balanis, Antenna Theory and Design, John Wiley & Sons, 1997.
2. J.D. Kraus, Antennas, McGraw-Hill, 1988.

Reference Books:
1 R.A. Sainati, CAD of Microstrip Antennas for Wireless Applications, Artech House, 1996.
2. R. Garg, P. Bharhia, I. Bahl, and A. Ittipiboo, Microstrip Antenna design Handbook, Artech
House.
3. J. R. James, P.S. Hall and C.Wood, Microstrip Antennas: Theory & Design, Peter Peregrinns ,
UK

ET 962 Advanced Antenna Theory Lab L=0 T=0 P=2 Credits=2

Continuous Evaluation ESE

Evaluation ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
40 60 100

Practicals:- Experiments based on the above syllabus.

ET 963 VLSI Signal Processing L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

ESE
Evaluation MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

OBJECTIVES
The students shall gain proficiency in subjects like the basic design of theory involved in VLSI
for signal processing and communication systems , various software tools related to VLSI,
Signal Processing and Communication Systems.

Unit - I
Introduction to DSP systems – Typical DSP algorithms, Data flow and Dependence graphs - critical
path, Loop bound, iteration bound, longest path matrix algorithm, Pipelining and Parallel processing
of FIR filters, Pipelining and Parallel processing for low power.
Unit - II
Retiming – definitions and properties, Unfolding – an algorithm for unfolding, properties of
unfolding, sample period reduction and parallel processing application.
Unit – III
Folding transformation, Register minimisation techniques, Systolic architecture design, FIR systolic
arrays, selection of scheduling vector, 2d systolic array design, systolic design for space
representations containing delays.
Unit – IV
Fast convolution – Cook-Toom algorithm, modified Cook-Toom algorithm, Winograd algorithm,
iterated convolution, cyclic convolution, Pipelined and parallel recursive filters – Look-Ahead
pipelining in first-order IIR filters, Look-Ahead pipelining with power-of-2 decomposition,
Clustered look-ahead pipelining, Parallel processing of IIR filters, combined pipelining and parallel
processing of IIR filters.
Unit - V
Bit-level arithmetic architectures – parallel multipliers with sign extension, parallel carry-ripple and
carry-save multipliers, Design of Lyon’s bit-serial multipliers using Horner’s rule, bit-serial FIR
filter, CSD representation, CSD multiplication using Horner’s rule for precision improvement,
Distributed Arithmetic fundamentals and FIR filters
Unit - VI
Algorithmic strength reduction in filters and transforms – 2-parallel FIR filter, 2-parallel fast FIR
filter, DCT architecture, rank-order filters, Odd-Even merge-sort architecture, parallel rankorder
filters.
Numerical strength reduction – subexpression elimination, multiple constant multiplication, iterative
matching, sub expression sharing in digital filters, additive and multiplicative number splitting.
 Textbook:
1. “ VLSI Digital Signal Processing Systems, Design and implementation “,Keshab K. Parhi,
1st Edition, Wiley Interscience, 2007.

Reference book:
1. “ Digital Signal Processing with Field Programmable Gate Arrays”, U. Meyer – Baese, 2nd
Edition, Springer, 2004
Modified Syllabus

ET 964 Digital Image Processing L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

ESE
Evaluation MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

OBJECTIVES:
Objectives of the course is to provide an introduction to basic concepts and methodologies for digital image
processing, and to develop a foundation that can be used as the basis for further study and research in this
field. Concepts of video and standards are introduced.

Unit I
Digital image fundamentals – image acquisition, representation, visual perception, quality measures,
Sampling and quantization, basic relationship between pixels, imaging geometry, color spaces,
Image enhancement – point processing, spatial domain filtering,
Unit II
Image transforms - DFT, DCT, Haar, KL transform, Wavelets and multiresolution processing, Sub-band
coding, Multiresolution expansion, One dimentional wavelet transform, Wavelet series expansion, Discrete
wavelet transform, Continuous wavelet transform, fast wavelet transform, 2-D wavelet transform, Wavelet
packets

Unit III
Frequency domain filtering, Image restoration/degradation model, Restoration-spatial domain filtering,
Periodic Noise Reduction by Frequency Domain filtering, Motion debluring, Estimation the degradation
function, Inverse filtering, Minimum Mean Square Error (Wiener Filtering),Constrained Least square filter

Unit IV
Image compression – Data redundancy, lossless and lossy compression techniques, standards for image
compression – JPEG, JPEG2000.

Unit - V
Image Segmentation-The detection of Discontinuities: Point, Line and Edge Detections :Gradient Operators
and Laplacian, Edge linking and Boundary detection : Local Processing and Global Processing Via Hough
Transform, Thresholding. Region based segmentation, Clustering technique, Active Contour

Unit - VI
Representation Schemes, Chain Codes, Polygon Approximation, signatures, Skeleton, Boundary
Descriptors: Simple Descriptors, Shape Numbers, Fourier Descriptors, Region Descriptor: statistical
moments, simple descriptor, Topological descriptor, Texture, Dilation and erosion, opening and closing hit-or-
miss transformation, morphological algorithms.
Textbook:
1. R. C. Gonzalez and R E Woods, Digital Image Processing, Pearson Education, 2002
2. S. Jayaraman, S. Esakkirajan, T Veerakumar, Digital Image Processing, McGrawHill

References:
1. A K Jain, Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, Pearson Education,1989
2. W Pratt, Digital Image Processing, Wiley, 2001
3. Al Bovik, Handbook of Image and Video, Academic Press, 2000
4. Keith Jack, Video Demystified, LLH, 2001.

ET 965 Digital Image Processing Lab L=0 T=0 P=2 Credits=2

Continuous Evaluation ESE

Evaluation ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
40 60 100

Practicals:- Experiments based on the above syllabus.

Modified Syllabus

ET 966 Wireless Communications & Networks L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

ESE
Evaluation MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

OBJECTIVES:
This course provides an authoritative treatment of the fundamentals of mobile communications, one
of the fastest growing areas of the modern telecommunications industry. It stresses the fundamentals
of mobile communications engineering and the networks that are important for the design of any
mobile system.
Unit-I
Radio Propagation Characteristics: Models for path loss, shadowing and multipath fading (delay
Spread, coherence band width, coherence time, Doppler spread), Jakes channel model, Digital
Modulation for mobile radio.
Unit-II
Analysis under fading channels: diversity techniques and RAKE Demodulator, channel coding
techniques, multiple access techniques used in wireless mobile Communications.
Unit-III
Space time propagation, wireless channel, channel as a space time random field, Space time channel
and signal models, capacity of space time channels, spatial diversity, space time Receivers, space
time coding with channel knowledge, space time OFDM.
Unit-IV
Wireless networks –WLAN, Bluetooth. Suitable mini-projects in the areas of Space-Time codes and
OFDM.
Unit-V
The cellular concept: Frequency reuse: The basic theory of hexagonal cell layout: Spectrum
efficiency, FDM / TDM cellular systems: Channel allocation schemes, Handover analysis, Erland
capacity comparison of FDM / TDM systems and cellular CDMA. Discussion of GSM and CDMA
cellular standards, Signaling and call control: Mobility management, location tracking.
Unit-VI
Wireless data networking, packet error modeling on fading channels, performance analysis of link
and transport layer protocols over wireless channels: mobile data networking (Mobile IP): wireless
data in GSM, IS - 95 and GPRS.5

Textbook:
1. T.S. Rappaport, Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice, Prentice Hall, 2002.
2. G.L. Stuber, Principles of Mobile Communications, Kluwer Academic, 1996.

References:
1. J.G. Proakis, Digital Communication, McGraw Hill, 2000.
2. Wireless Digital Communication --by Feher, Prentice Hall, 2001
3. Kumar, D. Manjunath and J. Kuri, Communication Networking, an Analytical Approach, Elsever,
2004
4. Paulraj, R. Nabar & D. Gore, Introduction to Space Time Wireless Communications, Cambridge
University Press, 2003
5. C Sivarama Murthy and B S Manoj, Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks, Architectures and Protocols, PH,
2004.
6. Mobile Communication, Jochen Schiller, 2000, Pearson Education Asia.
ET 967 Selected Topics In Communication Systems L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

ESE
Evaluation MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

OBJECTIVES:
This course takes a unified view of the fundamentals of wireless communication and explains the
web of concepts underpinning these advances at a level accessible to an audience with a basic
background in probability and digital communication. Particular emphasis is placed on the interplay
between concepts and their implementation in systems.

Unit-I: The wireless channel

Physical modeling for wireless channels: Free space, fixed transmit and receive antennas, moving
antenna , Reflection from wall, Reflection from a ground plane , Power decay with distance and
shadowing ,Moving antenna with multiple reflectors
Input /output model of the wireless channel: linear time-varying system, Baseband equivalent model, A
discrete-time baseband model, Degrees of freedom, Additive white noise
Time and frequency coherence :Doppler spread and coherence time, Delay spread and coherence
bandwidth.
Statistical channel models : Rayleigh and Rician fading.

Unit-II: Point-to-point communication: detection, diversity and channel uncertainty

Detection in a Rayleigh fading channel: Non-coherent and Coherent detection
Time diversity
Antenna diversity : Receive diversity, Transmit diversity, MIMO.
Frequency diversity :Single-carrier with ISI equalization, Direct-sequence spread-spectrum, Orthogonal frequency
division multiplexing

Unit-III: Capacity of Wireless channels

AWGN channel capacity
Capacity of Flat:Fading Channels- Channel Distribution Information (CDI), Channel Side Information at
Receiver, Channel Side Information at Transmitter and Receiver, Capacity with Receiver Diversity
Capacity of Frequency: Selective Fading Channels- Linear time-invariant, Time-Varying Channels

Unit-IV: Spatial Multiplexing and Channel modeling

Multiplexing capability of deterministic MIMO channels : Capacity via singular value decomposition, Rank and
condition number.
Physical modeling of MIMO channels: Line-of-sight SIMO channel ,Line-of-sight MISO channel , Antenna
arrays with only a line-of-sight path ,Geographically separated antennas,Line-of-sight plus one reflected path
Modeling of MIMO fading channels

Unit-V: Capacity and Multiplexing architectures

The V-BLAST architecture
Fast fading MIMO channel: Capacity with CSI at receiver and Full CSI.
Receiver architectures: Linear decorrelator, Successive cancellation, Linear MMSE receiver
D-BLAST: an outage-optimal architecture, Coding across transmit antennas: D-BLAST.

Unit-VI: Diversity-Multiplexing tradeoff and Universal Space Time Codes, Multi-user Communication.
Diversity–multiplexing tradeoff: Scalar Rayleigh channel, Parallel Rayleigh channel, MISO Rayleigh channel, 2×2
MIMO Rayleigh channel, nt ×nr MIMO i.i.d. Rayleigh channel
Universal code design for optimal diversity: multiplexing tradeoff - Universal code design for scalar channels,
parallel channels, MISO channels, MIMO channels
Uplink with multiple receive antennas: Space-division multiple access ,SDMA capacity region
 MIMO uplink: SDMA with multiple transmit antennas
Downlink with multiple transmit antennas
MIMO downlink

Textbooks
1. David Tse, Pramod Viswanath, Fundamentals of Wireless Communications, Cambridge University
Press, 2005.

References:
1. E. Biglieri, Coding for Wireless Channels, Springer, 2007
2. E. Biglieri et al., MIMO Wireless Communications, Cambridge University Press, 2007.
3. Andrea Goldsmith, WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, Cambridge University Press, 2005
Modified Syllabus
ET 968 Speech & Audio processing L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

ESE
Evaluation MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

OBJECTIVES:
This course provide with an overview of speech communication in its wide ranging aspects,from a
discussion of how humans produce and perceive speech to details of computer based speech
processing for diverse communication applications.
Unit-I
Speech Production human speech production mechanism, acoustic theory of speech production,
Digital models for speech production. Speech perception human hearing, auditory psychophysics,
JND
Unit-II
Speech perception, auditory masking, models for speech perception.
Unit-III
Speech Analysis Time and frequency domain analysis of speech, speech parameter estimation,
linear prediction.
Unit-IV
Speech Compression – quality measures, waveform coding, source coders, Speech compression
standards for personal communication systems. Audio processing characteristics of audio signals,
sampling, Audio compression techniques, Standards for audio compression in multimedia
applications, MPEG Audio encoding and decoding, audio databases and applications.
Unit-V
Speech synthesis – text to speech Synthesis, letter to sound rules, syntactic analysis, timing and
pitch segmental analysis. Speech
Unit-VI
Recognition – Segmental feature extraction, DTW, HMMs, approaches for speaker, speech and
Language recognition and verification.

Textbook
1 Douglas O’Shaugnessy, Speech Communication – Human and Machine, IEEE Press, 2000

References:
1 L R Rabiner, Digital Processing of Speech Signals, Pearson,1978
2 T.F Quatieri , Discrete-time speech signal processing: Principles and Practise Pearson,2002
3 Zi Nian Li, Fundamentals of Multimedia, Pearson Education, 2003.

ET 969 Detection and Estimation Theory L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

ESE
Evaluation MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

OBJECTIVES:
This course provides an introduction to the basic theory and techniques of signal detection and
estimation. It provides essential background for engineers and scientists working in a number of
fields, including communications, control, signal, and image processing, radar and sonar, radio
astronomy, seismology, remote sensing, and instrumentation.

UNIT I
Random – Discrete-time signals:- Review of probability – Random data – Generation of Pseudo-
random noise – Filtered signals – Autocorrelation and power spectral density – Sampling band –
Limited random signals.

UNIT II
Detection of signals in noise: - Minimum probability of Error Criterion – Neyman – Person criterion
for Radar detection of constant and variable – amplitude signals – Matched filters.

UNIT III

Optimum formulation – Detection of Random signals – Simple problems thereon with

multisampling cases.

UNIT IV
Estimation of signals in noise:- Linear mean squared estimation – Non linear estimates – MLP and
ML estimates – Maximum likelihood estimate of parameters of linear system. Simple problems
thereon.

UNIT V
Recursive linear mean squared estimation:- Estimation of a signal parameter. Estimation of time-
varying signals

UNIT VI
Kalman filtering – Filtering signals in noise – Treatment restricted to two variable case only –
Simple problems.

Text Books
1. Signal processing: Discrete Spectral analysis, Detection and Estimation, Mischa
Schwartz and Leonard Shaw, Mc-Graw Hill Book Company, 1975.

References
1. E.L. Van Trees, Detection, Estimation and Modulation Theory, Wiley,
New York, 1968.
2. Shanmugam and Breipohl, ‘Detection of signals in noise and estimation’, John Wiley
&Sons, New York, 1985.
3. Srinath, Rajasekaran & Viswanathan, Introduction to statistical Signal processing with
Applications, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 110 001,1989.
ET 970 Multimedia Communications L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

ESE
Evaluation MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

Course objective
The objective of this course is to introduce technologies for multimedia communications and to
address efficient representation of multimedia data, including video, image, and audio, and to
deliver them over a variety of networks. In the coding aspect, the objective is to present state-of-the-
art compression technologies.

Unit I
Representation of Multimedia Data, Concept of Non-Temporal and Temporal Media, Basic
Characteristics of Non-Temporal Media, Images, Graphics, Text, Basic Characteristics of Temporal
Media, Video, Audio, Animation, Basics of Morphing, Hypertext and Hypermedia, Multimedia
Presentations, Synchronization.

Unit II
Compression of Multimedia Data, Basic concepts of Compression, Still Image Compression JPEG
Compression,

Unit III
Natural Video Compression, MPEG-1&2 Compression Schemes, MPEG-4 Video Compression,
Audio Compression Introduction to Speech and Audio Compression, MP3 Compression Scheme,

Unit IV
Management of Coded Data ,Stream management in MPEG-4 , BIFS, DMIF Multimedia System
Design, General Purpose Architecture for Multimedia Processing,

Unit V
Operating System Support for Multimedia, Data, Resource Scheduling with real-time
considerations, File System, I/O Device Management, Delivery of Multimedia data, Network and
Transport Protocols, QoS issues, RTP and RSVP,

Unit VI
Video-conferencing and video-conferencing standards, Overview of Voice over IP, Multimedia
Information Management, Multimedia Data base Design, Content Based Information Retrieval,
Image Retrieval, Video Retrieval, Overview of MPEG-7.

Textbook
1. Ralf Steinmetz and Klara Nahrstedt, Multimedia: Computing, Communication &
Applications, Pearson Education Publications, 2004.

References:
1. Zi Nian Lee, Mark S Drew, Fundamentals of Multimedia, PHI.
2. Nortel Networks VoIP Technologies: A Comprehensive Guide to Voice over Internet
Protocol (VoIP) Nortel Press
Modified Syllabus

ET 971 Active RF Devices and Circuits L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

ESE
Evaluation MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

OBJECTIVES:
Analyze microwave components and circuits in terms of scattering parameters. Determine the
electrical characteristics of waveguides and transmission lines through electromagnetic field
analysis. Design microwave amplifiers and oscillators based on stability, bandwidth, power, gain
and noise figure criteria.

Unit-I
Transistor Amplifiers - Types of amplifiers. S parameter characterization of transistors;
MOSFETs ,Equivalent circuit model.

Unit II
Single stage amplifier design- unilateral and bilateral cases, Amplifier
Stability, Constant gain and noise circles, DC bias circuits for amplifiers;

Unit-III
Detectors - Point contact and Schottky barrier diodes. Characteristics and equivalent circuit, Theory
of microwave detection, Detector circuit design. Low Noise amplifier and Power amplifier

Unit-IV
Types of mixers. Mixer theory and characteristics. SSB versus DSB mixers. Single-ended mixer and
single-balanced mixer. Double balanced and image rejection mixers;

Unit-V
Oscillators Oscillator versus amplifier design, Oscillation conditions; Gunn diode Modes of
operation, Equivalent circuit. Design of Gunn diode oscillator in microstrip. FET oscillators.
Frequency tuning techniques. PLL

Unit-VI
Switches and Phase Shifters - PIN diode Equivalent circuit and Characteristics, Basic series and
shunt switches, SPST and SPDT switches, Switched line, branch line coupled and loaded line phase
shifters Applications in phased arrays.
Textbooks
1. D. K. Misra, Radio Frequency and Microwave Communication Circuits Analysis and Design, John
Wiley, 2004.
2. The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits, Second Edition,Thomas H. Lee,
CAMBRIDGE

References:
1. G. Gonzalez, Microwave Transistor Amplifiers Analysis and Design, Prentice Hall, 1997.
2. D. M. Pozar, Microwave Engineering, John Wiley, 1998.
3. S.K. Koul and B. Bhat, Microwave and Millimeter Wave Phase Shifters, Vol.II- Semiconductor
And Delay Line Phase Shifters, Artech House, 1991
4. G.D. Vendelin, A.M. Pavio and U.L. Rhode, Microwave Circuit Design using Linear and
Nonlinear Techniques, 1990.
ET 972 Soft Computing L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

ESE
Evaluation MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

Objective
The objective is to have general understanding of soft computing methodologies including artificial
neural networks, genetic algorithms, fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic systems. Develop computational
neural network models and fuzzy models for engineering systems.

Unit I
Introduction to learning systems Feed forward Neural Networks
Unit II
Perception Multilayer Perception Propagation algorithm and its variants improving generalization
by various methods.
Unit III
Recurrent Neural Networks Hopfield net Boltzmann machine and Mean field learning solving
combinational optimization problems using recurrent Neural Networks. Unsupervised Neural
Networks.
Unit IV
Competitive learning Self-organizing maps growing cell structures Principal component analysis.
Unit V
Fuzzy Set Theory and Fuzzy Logic Control
Unit VI
Genetic algorithms: Population based search techniques, evolutionary strategies, mathematical
foundations of genetic algorithms, search operators, genetic algorithms in function and
combinational optimization, hybrid algorithms, application to pattern recognition

Textbook
1. S. Haykin, Neural Networks: A comprehensive foundation, Pearson, 1999

References:
1. J. M. Zurada, Introduction to artificial neural networks, Jaico publishing, 1997.
2. B. Yejnanarayana, Artificial Neural Networks, PHI, 1999
3. C. Mohan and S. Ranka, Neural networks, Benram publications, 2004.
ET 973 Real Time Operating Systems L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

ESE
Evaluation MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

Objective
The course objective is to cover the principles of real-time and embedded systems inherent in many
hardware platforms and applications being developed for engineering applications. As part of this
course, students will learn about real-time and quality of service system principles, understand real-
time operating systems and the resource management and quality of service issues that arise, and
construct sample applications on representative platforms.

Unit I
Overview Of Commands, File I/O. (Open, Create, Close, Lseek, Read, Write), Process Control (Fork, Vfork,
Exit, Wait, Waitpid, Exec), Signals, Inter Process Communication (Pipes, FIFOs, Message Queues,
Semaphores, Shared Memory).
Unit II
Typical Real Time Application, Hard Vs Soft Real Time Systems, a Reference Model of Real Time Systems:
Processors and Resources, Temporal Parameters of Real Time Workload, Periodic Task Model, Precedence
Constraints and Data Dependency
Unit III
Functional Parameters, Resource Parameters of Jobs and Parameters of Resources Clock Driven, Weighted
Round Robin, Priority Driven, Dynamic Vs State Systems, Effective Release Times and Dead Lines, Offline
Vs Online Scheduling.
Unit IV
Overview, Time Services and Scheduling Mechanisms, other Basic Operating System Function, Processor
Reserves and Resource Kernel. Capabilities of Commercial Real Time Operating Systems.
Unit V
Introduction, Fault Causes, Types, Detection, Fault and Error Containment, Redundancy: Hardware,
Software, Time. Integrated Failure Handling.
Unit VI
Memory Managements Task State Transition Diagram, Pre-Emptive Priority, Scheduling, Context Switches –
Semaphore – Binary Mutex, Counting: Watch Dogs, I/O System Process Management, Scheduling, Interrupt
Management, and Synchronization

Text Book
1. Jane W.S. Liu, “Real Time Systems”, Pearson Education.
REFERENCES:
1. C.M.Krishna, KANG G. Shin, “Real Time Systems”, McGraw.Hill
2. Richard Stevens, “Advanced Unix Programming”.VxWorks Programmers Guide
ET 974 High Speed Networks L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

ESE
Evaluation MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

OBJECTIVES:
The main purpose of this course is to introduce students the important areas of communication
networks, mainly Multistage networks .This will enable the students to acquire a solid
understanding of foundations of networks technologies, systems, networks issues as well as
economic deployment considerations.

Unit-I
SDH- basic features. Multistage networks. Traffic models; delay and loss performance. Cell
switching. Cell scale and burst scale queuing.
Unit-II
Protocol layers, their service and models. Internet protocol stack, link layer and local area
networks. Network layer and routing. MPLS Technology,
Unit-III
Transport layer. Congestion control.
Unit-IV
Application layer protocols. Web and HTTP.FTP and email.
Unit-V
Mobile adhoc networking. Routing approaches. Mobile ad hoc networking. Protocol performance
and open issues. Clustering and hierarchial routing. Ad hoc network security.
Unit-VI
Optical technology - WDM, Fixed n/w and Mobile Convergence

Textbooks
1. J.F.Kurose & K.W. Ross, Computer Networking,(3/e), Pearson Education,2005

References
1. A.Pattavina, Switching Theory, Wiley, 1998.
2. S.Basagni, Mobile Ad Hoc Networking, Wiley,2004.
3. J.M.Pitts & J.A.Schormans, Introduction to IP and ATM Design and Performance (2/e),
Wiley, 2000.
4. C.Siva Ram Murthy & B.S.Manoj, Adhoc Wireless Networks (2/e), Pearson Education,
2005.
ET 975 Wireless Sensor Network L=3 T=0 P=0 Credits=6

ESE
Evaluation MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total
Duration
Scheme
15 15 10 60 100 3 hrs

OBJECTIVES:
To expose the students the fundamental concepts of IP based wireless communication
systems/networks. To impart students with Wireless/Mobile IP Architecture and Evolution;
Performance and Quality of Service; Mobility, Routing, and Signaling; Real-Time Applications.

Unit-I:
Introduction to sensors- Definition of sensor & its difference from transducer, Classification of
sensors, internal architecture of sensors, application of sensors in various fields.
Architecture-single node architecture-hardware components, energy consumption of sensor nodes,
operating system and execution environments,
Unit-II
Network architecture-optimization goal and figure of merit,-design principles for WSN, service
interface of WSN, Gateway concept challenges of WSN, comparison with other network.
Unit-III
Wireless channel and communication fundamental, physical layer and transceiver design
consideration in WSN,
Unit-IV
MAC Protocols-Fundamental of MAC Protocol, low duty cycle protocol and wakeup concepts,
schedule based protocols , Link layer protocols, routing protocols naming and addressing, Time
synchronization.
Unit-V
Properties of Localization and positioning procedures, single hop localization, positioning in
multihop environments, and impact of anchor placement.
Unit-VI
Data centric routing, Data aggregation, Data centric storage, Topology control-controlling topology
in a flat network, Hirarical network by dominating set, Hierarchical network by clustering,
combining Hierarchical topologies and power control.
Textbook
1.Azzedine Boukerche, Handbook of Algorithms for Wireless Networking and Mobile Computing, Chapman &
Hall/CRC, 2006

References:
1 .Mohammad Ilyas and Imad Mahgoub, Handbook of Sensor Networks: Compact Wireless and Wired
sensing systems, CRC Press, 2005.
2. Anna Hac, Wireless Sensor Network Designs, John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2003.
3. Nirupama Bulusu and Sanjay Jha, Wireless Sensor Networks : A systems perspective, Artech House,
August 2005.
4.Jr., Edgar H. Callaway, Wireless Sensor Networks : Architecture and Protocols, Auerbach, 2003.
5.C.S. Raghavendra, Krishna M. Sivalingam and Taieb Znati, Wireless Sensor Networks, Springer, 2005.
6 Holger Karl & Andreas Willig, Protocols and Architectures for Wireless Sensor Networks, Wiley
7 F. Zhao and L. Guibas, Wireless Sensor Networks, Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco,2004.
 ET 976 PROJECT PHASE - I L=0 T=0 P=14 Credits=14

MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total ESE Duration

Evaluation
Scheme
40 60 100

OBJECTIVES

As the project methodology for the batches is decided in the 2 nd semester the student shall carry out the project work
further 3rd semester. The project work consists of ;

1. Literature survey
2. Study of processes /phenomenon related to project.
3. Design of any equipment its fabrication and testing.
4. Critical analysis of design or process for optimization
5. Verification by experimentation.
6. In case of industrial project the necessary modifications with the proper drawing / design suggested
to the industry should be explained. The letter from the industry should be attached in the report
related to the performance of the student.

ET 977 PROJECT PHASE - II L=0 T=0 P=20 Credits=20

MSE-I MSE-II TA ESE Total ESE Duration

Evaluation
Scheme
100 100