BACTERIA

LEVEL- 01

01. Anton van Leeuwenhoek communicated his discoveries to the [detailed drawings of
bacteria and protozoa]
1) Royal Society of London 2) Royal Society of America
3) Royal Botanical Garden 4) Royal Society of Netherland

02. Anton van Leeuwenhoek’s most powerful microscopes had magnification of 266 X __
lens powerful enough for studying
1) Nutrition of bacterial cell 2) An average sized bacterial cell
3) Chemical nature of bacterial cell 4) Reproduction of bacterial cell

03. Father of bacteriology

1) Leeuwenhoek 2) Robert Koch 3) Louis Pasteur 4) Ehrenberg

04. Length and breadth of the bacteria respectively are

1) 2.0 - 5.0  m and 1.0 - 2.0  m
2) 5.0 - 2.0  m and 0.5 - 1.0  m
3) 2.0 - 5.0  m and 0.5 - 1.0  m
4) 0.5 - 1.0  m and 2.0 - 5.0  m

05. Number of bacteria in a bacterial association sarcina

1) Four 2) Eight 3)Six 4) Nine

06. Spiral form having less than one complete twist is

1) Vibrioid 2)Spirochaete 3)Bacilli 4)Sarcina

07. Bacterial cell wall is composed with

1) Cellulose 2) Chitin 3) Peptidoglycon 4) Pectin

08. In many bacteria, the cell membrane becomes invaginated and folded to form
1) cristae 2) mesosomes 3) fimbriae 4) flagella
09. The cell organelle found in the protoplasm of bacteria is
1) Endoplasmic reticulum 2) Chloroplast 3) Ribosome 4) Mitochondria

10. Bacterial cell with flagella over the entire surface of the cell
1) Monotrichous 2) Amphitrichous 3) Lophotrichous 4) Peritrichous

11. Photoautotrophs of the following

1) Rhodospirillum 2) Rhodopseudomonas 3) Beggiotoa 4) Chlorobium

12. Nitrobacter is a
1) Photoautotroph 2) Photoheterotroph 3) Chemoautotroph 4) Chemoheterotroph

13. Bacteria which gets their source of energy and carbon both from organic compounds
are
1) Photoautotrophs 2) Photoheterotroph 3) Chemoautotrophs 4) Chemoheterotroph

14. Bacteria which grow as parasite on harmful bacteria and useful for purification of
Ganges water
1) Bdellovibrio bacteriovorous 2) Salmonella typhii 3) Xanthomonas 4) Methanococcus

15. Type of reproduction in bacteria under favourable conditions

1) Binary fission 2) Budding 3) Fragmentation 4) Endospores

16. Generation time or doubling time of bacterial cells

1) 20min 2) < 20min 3) >20min 4) 40min

17. If a bacterial cell divides in every twenty minutes how many bacteria will be formed in
two hours
1) 4 2) 8 3) 16 4) 64

18. In E.coli conjugation is first reported by

1)Lederberg and Tatum 2) Griffith 2) Lederberg and Zinder 4) Leeuwenhoek

19. Uptake of naked DNA by a bacterial cell in heritable form is

1) Conjugation 2) Transformation 3) Transduction 4) Translocation
20. Sexual reproduction of bacteria, which is mediated by acellular organism is
1) Transcription 2) Translocation 3) Transduction 4) Transformation

21. Bacteria which causes botulism,belongs to the species

1)Clostridium tetani 2) Clostridium botulinum
3)Clostridium butylicum 4)Clostridium acetobutylicum

22. Which of the following disease is caused by comma shaped bacteria

1) Pneumonia 2)Leprosy 3)Cholera 4) Syphilis

23. Bacteria belongs to genus Clostridium are able to cause

1) Tetanus 2) Diphtheria 3) Botulism 4) 1 & 3

24. Bacteria belongs to genus Xanthomonas are able to cause

1) Blight of rice 2) Blast of rice 3) Citrus canker 4) 1 and 3

25. Biomolecule used as biosensor

1) Bacterial RNA 2) Bacterial DNA 3) Bacterial proteins 4) Bacterial ribosomes

26. Extraction of metals like Uranium by using microbes is called

1)Bioremediation 2)Biofortification 3) Biomagnification 4) Biomining

27. Biomining is useful for reduction of production cost upto

1) 20% 2) 30% 3) 40% 4)50%

28. Biosensors are useful to detect

1)Biologically active toxic pollutants 2) Percentage of alcohols in beverages
3) Percentage of oxygen in water 4) Default genes

29. Crown gall of apple and pear is caused by

1) Xanthomonas oryzae 2) Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri
3) Agrobacterium tumifaciens 4) Bacillus thuringiensis

30. Diseases caused by Mycobacterial species

1) Gonorrhoea 2) Leprosy 3) Tuberculosis 4) 2 and 3
31. The term bacteria was coined by
1) Leeuwenhoek 2) Louis Pasteur 3) Robert Koch 4) Ehrenberg

32. If 10 sarcina are formed on the nutrient medium, each from a monococcus, then how
many cells divide in total
1) 30 2) 79 3) 70 4) 80

33. Bacteria were first observed and description of bacteria was given by
1) Robert Koch 2) Leeuwenhoek 3) Louis Pasteur 4) Ehrenberg

34. Whose work is linked to the Germ theory of diseases

1) Leeuwenhoek 2) Louis Pasteur 3) Robert Koch 4) Ehrenberg

35. Who discovered a world of invisible small animals called as Animalcules

1) Ehrenberg 2) Robert Koch 3) Anton Van Leeuwenhoek 4) Louis Pasteur

36. Who is regarded as ‘Father of bacteriology’

1) Ehrenberg 2) Louis Pasteur 3) Robert Koch 4) A.V. Leeuwenhoek

37. Father of Microbiology

1) Anton van Leeuwenhoek 2) Louis Pasteur 3) Robert Koch 4) Christian Gram

38. Magnification of microscope used by Leeuwenhoek

1) 10X 2) 45X 3) 266 X 4) 100 X

39. First organisms discovered by A.V Leeuwenhoek are

1)Bacteria and protozoans2)Fungi and bacteria 3) Protozoans and viruses 4) Viruses and fungi
40. Some bacteria can withstand extreme conditions and met within very unexpected
media - like
1) Arctic snow 2) Volcanic ash 3) Hot water and Sulphur springs 4) All the above

41. The number of morphological types of bacteria and cells respectively found in a test
tube which contains 20 monococci, 10 monobacilli, 40 diplococci, 30 tetracocci and 10
sarcina are
1) 5 and 300 2) 2 and 310 3) 2 and 320 4) 4 and 330

42. The bacteria occur in habitats having high temperature are

1) Halophiles 2) Methanophiles 3) Thermoacidophiles 4) Acidophiles

43. Position of bacteria in Whittaker’s five kingdom classification is

1) Monera 2) Protista 3) Fungi 4) Plantae

44. Flexible and helical rod shaped bacterium from the following is
1) Spirochaeta 2) Beggiotoa 3) Acetobacter 4) Streptobacillus

45. Chains of rod shaped bacteria appearing like straws are

1) Monobacillus 2) Streptobacillus 3) Diplobacillus 4) Sarcinae

46. Cells having less than one complete twist are called
1)Vibrioid 2)Bacillus 3)Spirillum 4)Spirochete

47. Find out incorrect match

1) Sarcina : Cocci bacteria arranged in cubes of eight
2) Streptococcus : A linear chain of spherical bacteria arranged in a single row
3) Diplococcus : Spherical bacteria in pairs
4) Monococcus : A single rod shaped bacterium

48. Plasmid is a

1) Self replicating, circular, naked ssDNA 2) Self replicating, circular, naked ssRNA
3) Self replicating, circular, naked dsDNA 4) Self replicating, circular, naked dsRNA
49. Prokaryotic cell structure is found in
1) Bacteria only 2) Viruses
3) Blue green algae only 4) Both bacteria and blue green algae

50. In bacteria cell wall is not made up of

1) Peptidoglycan 2) Murein 3) Mucopeptide 4) Cellulose

51. Common inhabitant of human intestine

1) Rhizobium 2) E.coli 3) Azatobacter 4) Salmonella

52. In the given figure of bacterial cell, cell wall, Nucleoid and Flagellum is indicated by

1) ABC respectively 2) BDE respectively 3) CDF respectively 4) CAD respectively

53. Arrangement of cells are more complex in

1) Cocci 2) Bacilli 3) Vibrio 4) Spirillum

54. The bacterium which is used to purify the water in river Ganges is
1) Xanthomonas 2) Chromatium 3) Bdellovibrio 4) Rhodospirillum

55. ‘Genophore’ is
1) The DNA of prokaryotes is almost linear and lacks chromatin structure
2) The DNA of prokaryotes is almost circular and with chromatin structure
3) The DNA of eukaryotes is almost linear and without chromatin structure
4) The DNA of prokaryotes is circular and lacks chromatin structure

56. Bacterium with only one flagella is

1) Lophotrichous 2) Amphitrichous 3) Monotrichous 4) Peritrichous

57. Find out incorrect match from the following

1) Peritrichous-Flagella distributed over the entire cell
2) Amphitrichous - A single flagellum at each end of cell
3) Atrichous - A bacterial cell without flagella
4) Lophotrichous - Only single flagella present at one pole of the cell

58. In some species of bacteria rapid wave like movement is due to

1)Cell wall 2)Pilus 3)Flagella 4)Mesosome

59. Bacterial DNA is

1) Single stranded, circular, naked 2) Single stranded, linear, naked
3) Double stranded, linear, naked 4) Double stranded, circular, naked

60. Additional rings of double stranded DNA present in some bacteria are called
1) Nuclein 2) Nucleoids 3) Plasmids 4) Genophore

61. Number of genophores in 6 sarcina

1) 6 2) 12 3) 48 4) 8

62. An importantcomponentofa bacterial cell widely used in modern Genetic engineering

technique is
1)Vacuole 2)Nucleoid 3)Plasmid 4)Mesosome

63. One of the following is a photoautotroph

1) Chromatium 2) Chlorobium 3) Beggiotoa 4) 1 and 2

64. Bacteria, which get carbon from CO2 and derive energy from oxidation of inorganic
substances
1) Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter 2) Beggiotoa and Methanogens
3) Chromatium and Chlorobium 4) 1 and 2

65. Rhodopseudomonas is a
1) Photoautotroph 2) Chemoautotroph 3) Photoheterotroph 4) Chemoheterotroph

66. Which of the following have unusual nutritional adaptation that requires neither
sunlight nor organic nutrients
1) Photoautotrophs 2) Photoheterotrophs 3) Chemoautotrophs 4) Chemoheterotrophs

67. Symbiotic, chemoheterotrophic bacteria associated with the roots of Fabaceae

1) Bacillus 2) Xanthomonas 3) Salmonella 4) Rhizobium

68. Free living,chemoheterotrophic micro organism that feed primarily on dead organisms
is
1) Bacillus sps 2) Xanthomonas sps 3) Salmonella sps 4) Bdellovibrio sps

69. Who showed bacteria are chemical factories able to bring significant changes in nature.
1) Ehrenberg 2) Koch 3) Louis Pasteur 4) Leeuwenhoek

70. Saprophytic bacterium from the following is

1) Bacillus 2) E. coli 3) Rhizobium 4) Xanthomonas

71. Bacteria reproduces commonly by a kind of cell division called

1) Conjugation 2) Binary fission 3) Budding 4) Transformation

72. Choose the correct forms of A,B and C

73. The time duration between, successive binary fissions of a cell.
1) Generation time 2) Resting time 3) Gap phase 4) Inter phase

74. Number of generations of binary fissions required for production of 256 bacteria from
8 bacteria
1) 8 2) 6 3)5 4)7

75. The average generation time of E.coli is 20 minutes. How much time will two E.coli cells
take to become 128 cells
1) 60 min 2) 140 min 3) 2 hrs 4) 20 min

76. If a Bacterium divides for every 15 min, then number of spindle apparatii formed after
5 generations
1) 31 2) 32 3) Zero 4) 15

77. If a bacterial population showing repeated binary fission for every 18 minutes, it took 2
hours to fill half of the cup. How much time it requires to fill the entire cup ?
1)140 min 2)138 min 3)60 min 4)120 min
78. The number of morphological types of bacteria and cells respectively found in a test
tube which contains 20 Monococci, 10Monobacilli, 20 vibrio, 30 Tetracocci and 10 Sarcina
are
1) 5 and 300 2) 3 and 250 3) 2 and 320 4) 4 and 330

79. A bacterium divides after every 35 min, if a culture containing 105 cells per ml is
grown, then cell concentration per ml after 175 min will be
1)175 x 105 2)125 x 105 3)48 x 105 4) 32 x 105

80. Intake of naked DNA fragment from medium in heritable form is called
1) Transformation 2) Transduction 3) Conjugation 4) Binary fission

81. The type of bacterial genetic recombination that occurs by the physical contact of
bacterial cells is
1) Transformation 2) Conjugation 3) Transduction 4) Translocation

82. Phage mediated gene transfer method was first reported by

1) Lederberg and Zinder 2) Stanley 3) Lederberg and Tatum 4) Griffith

83. Biomining is useful for reducing the production cost of valuable metals is about
1) 50% 2) 80% 3) 20% 4) 10%

84. Number of generation required to form streptococcus with 8 bacterial cells from a
single cell
1) 3 2) 2 3) 1 4) 4

85. Find the genus of bacterium which causes tuberculosis in humans?

1) Bacillus thuringiensis 2) Mycobacterium 3) Clostridium butylicum 4)Streptomyces sps

86. Select the type of disease caused by comma shaped bacteria

1) Cholera 2) Tetanus 3) Typhoid 4)Pneumonia

87. Select the diseases caused by Clostridium species is

1) Syphilis 2) Gonorrhoea 3) Pneumonia 4) Tetanus
88. Select the correct match of diseases caused by bacteria
1) Scrapie and Madcow 2) Diptheria and Leprosy
3) AIDS and Leprosy 4) Potato spindle tuber and Citrus canker

89. The type of flagella shown in the figure given below is ___

1) Monotrichous 2) Lophotrichous 3) Amphitrichous 4) Peritrichous

90. A bacterium divides once in every 25 minutes, if a culture containing 104 cells per ml is
grown for 3 hrs short of 5 minutes. What will be the cell concentration per ml
1) 64 10  4 2) 32 10  4 3)128 10  4 4) 256 10  4

91. When a bacterial population is undergoing binary fission for every 20 minutes in a
cup,it requires 60 minutes to fill half of the cup. How much time it requires to fill entire cup
1) 120 minutes 2) 80 minutes 3) 90 minutes 4) 2 hrs short of 5 minutes

92. A bacterial colony grown on medium contains 105 cells per ml and divides once in every
20 minutes. 50% of total cells stop dividing after one hour and the rest 50% of cells
continue their division for one more hour. Then the total number of cells in the colony at
end is
1) 64 10  5 2) 20 10  5 3) 80 10  5 4) 36 10  5

93. A bacterial cell divides once in 20 minutes by binary fission. How many cells are formed
after 3 hours from one cell
1) 256 2) 512 3) 1024 4) 128

94. In a test tube 10 ml solution is found. Each ml contains 5 10  3 bacteria. After one hour
through binary fission, no of bacteria in each ml is (doubling time 20 mts)
1) 40 10  3 2) 20 10  3 3)80 10  3 4)10 10  3
95. A test tube is filled with bacteria within 2 hours. The bacteria can undergo binary
fission for every five minutes. How much time is needed to fill 1/ 4th of the test tube
1)115 min 2)110 min 3)105 min 4)100 min

96. Number of binary fissions, number of generations of divisions and number of spindle
apparatii formed to produce one sarcina from its single cell respectively are
1) 7-3-7 2) 7-3-0 3) 3-7-0 4) 7-7-0

97. If 100 F  bacteria and 100F  bacteria participate in conjugation then after
conjugation
1) 200F  bacteria are produced 2) 200F  bacteria are produced
3) 100 100 F and F   bacteria are produced 4) 50 50 F and F   bacteria are produced

98. A bacterial cell colony has 70F  bacteria and 30F  bacteria, divided once by binary
fission and then all the compatible bacteria have involved in conjugation process. All F 
cells further divided for two more times. Find the total number of F  cells subjected for
divisions in the process and, total number of F  cells observed at the end respectively
(Every binary fission take place once in 20 minutes)
1) 30 ; 800 2) 60 ; 800 3) 60 ; 560 4) 120 ; 560

99. An E.coli colony with 6000 cells is growing on a nutrient medium contains 40% F  cells.
If 60% of the total F  cells present in the colony participate in conjugation with F  cells,
what is the total number of F  and F  cells, respectively found in the colony after
conjugation
1) 3,600 and 2,400 2) 4320 and 1680 3) 5760 and 240 4) 3000 and30000

100. Choose the bacterial disease from the following

A) Cholera B) Botulism C) Polio D) Syphilis E) Rabies F) Typhoid
1) A,B,D,F 2) A,B,C,E 3) A,B,D,E 4) A,B,C,D,E,F

101. Scientists associated with the study of bacteria are

I) Ehrenberg II) W.M. Stanley III) Louis Pasteur IV) Robert Koch
V) Leeuwenhoek VI) Iwanowski
1) I, II, III, V 2) I, III, IV, V
3) I, III, IV, V, VI 4) I, III, V, VI
102. Select the diseases caused by bacteria in humans I) Typhoid, II) Syphilis, III) Rabies,
IV) Polio
1) I and II only 2) III and IV only 3) I and III only 4) II and IV only

103. Select the correct chronological sequence of the following events in relation to bacteria
A) Discovery of conjugation in Bacteria B) Coined the term ‘Bacteria’
C) Discovery of Bacteria by Leeuwenhoek
1) A,B,C 2) C,B,A 3) B,C,A 4) A,B,C

104. Pathogenic bacteria of the following

1) Azotobacter 2) Escherichia coli 3) Rhizobium 4)Clostridium botulinum

105. Find out the correct features related to the bacteria used in purification of river water
Ganges, I) It is a Parasite, II) It grows over harmful bacteria, III) It is a Symbiont, IV) It
is known as predacious bacteria
1) I and II only 2) I and III only 3) I, II, IV 4) All the above

106. Select the correct statement related to plasmids, I) These are circular, naked, single
stranded DNA, II) They usually contain few genes, III) They replicate independent of
chromosomal DNA, IV)These are not important agents in modern genetic engineering
1) I and II are correct 2) I and II only correct 3) II and III are correct 4) I, II, III, IV

107. Identify the correct descending order of the following bacteria with reference to the
number of flagella
I) Amphitrichous II) Peritrichous III) Lophotrichous IV) Monotrichous
1) II, I, IV, III 2) II, III, I, IV 3) IV, III, II, I 4) IV, III, I, II

108. Find out the correct related to ‘Father of Bacteriology’

A) He is a Microbiologist B) He considered bacteria as the chemical factories.
C) Introduced the process of pasteurization D) Developed vaccines
1) A and B only 2)B and C only 3)C and D only 4) ABCD

109. Select the correct statement related to the Genetic recombination method developed
by
Lederberg and Tatum
I) Conjugation is not a sexual process
II) Conjugation requires a special apparatus called ‘Sex pili’
III) Recipient cell contains F plasmid
IV) F+ is converted into F-
1) I and II only 2) II and IV only 3) I, II, III only 4)Except II all are incorrect

110. Select the diseases related to the Genera Mycobacterium

I) Leprosy II) Tuberculosis III) Botulism IV) Cholera
1) I and II only 2) II and III only 3) I and IV only 4) III and IV only

111. Select the plant diseases caused by bacteria

I) Blight of rice II) Crown gall of apple III) Citrus canker IV) Potato spindle tuber disease
1) I and II only 2) II and III only 3) I , II, III only 4) II, III, IV only

112. There are four types of cocci such as A, B, C and D. A is having double the number of
cells present in ‘C’. B is having four times more than the number of cells of ‘C’ and half the
number of cells to D. Identify the correct sequence of A, B, C and D.
1) Diplococcus, monococcus, tetracoccus and Sarcina

2) Tetracoccus, diplococcus, monococcus and sarcina

3) Tetracoccus, diplococcus, monococcus and sarcina
4) Diplococcus, tetracoccus, monococcus and sarcina

113. I) Sex pili are found in F+ bacteria II) Sex pili forms conjugation tube III) Mesosomes
are useful for genetic recombination. IV) Spherical shaped bacteria do not form chains.
Identify the incorrect statement.
1) IV only 2) III & I 3) III and IV 4) I & IV

114. Read the statements:

A) Infoldings of cell membrane are called mesosomes.

B) Mesosomes help in the formation of conjugation tube.

C) Mesosomes helps in respiratory process.
D) Mesosomes increases the absorption of gases.
Select the incorrect statements
1) A , B and D 2) A, C and D 3) A and C 4) B and D
115. Photoautotrophic bacteria synthesise food material by using
I) Chemical energy in organic substances II) CO2 III) Organic form of carbon IV) Light
energy
1) I and II are correct 2) II and IV are correct 3) II and III are correct 4) I and IV are correct

116. Bacteria which help in nitrogen fixation is / are

I) Rhodospirillum II) Azospirillum III) Clostridium IV) Rhizobium
1) I alone is correct 2) I and III are correct 3) II and III 4) I ,II,III and IV

117. Phage mediated genetic transfer in bacteria is

I) Transduction II) Transformation III) Conjugation
1) I and II are correct 2) II and III are correct 3) III alone are correct 4) I alone is correct

118. Which of the following is the correct sequence of events during binary fission of
bacteria?
I) New cell wall is laid II) Appearance of constriction
III) Invagination of plasma membrane IV) DNA replicates
1) IV,I,II,III 2) I,IV,III,II 3) IV,III,II,I 4)IV,III,I,II

119. Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is a I) Parasitic organism II) Bacteria III) Useful for
purification oil spillages in sea water
1) I alone is correct 2) II and III are correct 3) I and II are correct 4) I and III are correct

120. Find out the correct features related to the Bacteria involved in purification of water
from the river Ganges
I) It is a parasite II ) It is saprophyte III)Feeds on other bacteria IV) Symbiont
1) I and II 2) I and III 3) II and III 4) III and IV

121 From the following choose the bacterial disease A) Cholera B) Polio C) Tetanus D)
Leprosy E) Mad cow F) Syphilis
1) A, B, E,F 2) B, E, C, D 3) A, B, C, D, E 4) A, C, D,
 LEVEL- II
(‘Assertion’ and ‘Reason’ type Questions)
1) A and R are true and R is the correct explanation to A
2) A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation to A
3)A is true but R is false

4)A is false but R is true

122. (A): Bacteria are placed under kingdom Monera in Whittaker’s five kingdom classification.
(R): The bacteria have prokaryotic cellular organization.

123. (A) : Bacteria are ubiquitous.

(R) : Bacteria are found every where and most abundant organisms on earth.

124. (A): Chemoautotrophs catalyse exergonic reactions.

(R): Chemoautotrophs utilize the energy liberated during oxidation of inorganic nutrients for the
synthesis of their carbohydrates.

125. (A) : Acetobacter is a pleomorphic bacteria.

(R) : Acetobacter changes its shape depending upon the type of environment and availability of
nutrients.

126. (A):True sexual reproduction is absent in bacteria.

(R) : Gametes or gametangia are not present in bacteria.

127. (A): Some bacteria are deadly parasites on plants, animals and human beings.
(R) : Parasites are chemoheterotrophs, they derive nutrients from the cell and tissues of host
organisms and cause diseases.

128. (A):Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus purifies the water in the river Ganges.

(R):Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus grows as parasite on some harmful bacteria.

129. (A): Chromatium and Chlorobium obtained energy from sunlight and carbon from the
atmospheric CO2 .
(R) : All bacteria are photoautotrophs.
130. (A): Some Bacillus sps. are free living saprophytes
(R): Dead bodies of plants and animals are decomposed by some bacillus sps.

131. (A) : Bacterial cell wall consists of peptidoglycan.

(R) : Peptidoglycan is a phospholipid.

132. (A) : Conjugation in bacteria is a very conservative process.

(R) :- During conjugation, the donor bacterium generally retains a copy of the genetic material
being transferred .

133. (A): Plasmid is a small circular DNA molecule present in prokaryotic cells.
(R) : Plasmid is a component of bacterial nucleus.

134. (A): Most common method of reproduction in bacteria is binary fission.

(R) : Binary fission takes place during favourable conditions.

135. (A): Conjugation is not a true sexual process.

(R) : Sex pilus help in bacterial conjugation and binding two conjugants.

136. (A):- Conjugation is a method of bacterial genetic recombination.

(R) : During conjugation transfer of genetic material occurs by direct contact between two
bacterial cells.

137. (A): True sexual reproduction is absent in bacteria.

(R): Genetic recombinations are reported in bacteria.

138. (A): Bacteria are referred as prokaryotes.

(R) : Bacteria exhibit a nuclear organisation without nuclear membrane.

139. (A): Some bacteria are treated as ‘Scavengers of nature’.

(R) : Dead bodies of plants and animals are decomposed by some bacteria.

140. (A) : All bacteria are saprophytes.

(R) : Saprophytic bacteria help in the recycling of nutrients and also clean the environment.
141. (A): Symbiotic bacteria are pathogenic in nature.
(R) : E.coli is a common symbiont found in human intestine.

142. (A): Methanogens produce methane from dung.

(R):Methanogensproduce methane by using oxygen.

143. (A): Bacteria are considered as friends and foes of man.

(R) : Bacteria exhibit both beneficial and harmful activities.

144. (A): Rhodospirillumis a photo heterotroph.

(R): It utilizes carbon of inorganic compounds and energy from light.

145. (A): Most common method of reproduction in bacteria is binary fission

(R): Binary fission takes place during unfavourable conditions

146. (A): Sex pili act as conjugation tube.

(R) : Sex pili possess hollow core

147. (A) : Chlorobium is a photoautotroph

(R) : Chlorobium gets energy from sunlight and carbon from atmospheric CO2

148. (A):Botulism is caused by a bacteriumClostridium botulinum

(R): It is a disease caused by bacteria in humans

149. (A): Methanogens produce methane from dung

(R):They produce methane by using oxygen.

150. (A) :Bacteria and cyanobacteria are referred to as prokaryotes

(R) : They exhibit similar structure and nuclear organisation and lack cell membrane
(Simple matching Questions)
151. Study the following lists
List - I List - II
A) Leeuwenhoek I) Germ theory of disease
B) Ehrenberg II) Observation and description of Bacteria
C) Louis Pasteur III) Microscopic creatures as Bacteria
D) Robert Koch IV) Pasteurization technique
V) Father of Bacteriology

The correct match is

ABCD ABCD
1) II III I V 2) II III V I

3) I III II IV 4) V I III IV

152. List – I List - II

A)A.V Leeuwenhoek I) Transformation
B)Whittaker II)Pasteurization technique
C)Louis Pasteur III) Animalcules
D)Frederick Griffith IV) Monera
V) Bacteria
The correct match is
ABCD ABCD
1) III IV V I 2) III IV II V
3) III IV II I 4) I III II V

153. List -I List - II

A) A single polar flagellum I) Peritrichous
B) Tufts of flagella on either II) Monotrichous
end of the cell
C) Many flagella distributed III) Amphitrichous all over the cell surface
D) Tuft of flagella at one IV) Lophotrichous pole of the cell
The correct match is
ABCD ABCD
1) IV III II I 2) II III I IV
3) II IV I III 4) III IV II I

154. List – I List - II

A) Thread of filament I) Spirochaeta
B) Flexible spirillum II) Sarcina
C) Cubes of eight III)Streptobacillus
D) Appearing like straw IV)Streptococcus
V) Beggiotoa
ABCD ABCD
1) V I III II 2) V I II III
3) IV III I II 4) V II IV I

155. List - I List - II

I. Photoautotroph A. Rhodospirillum
II.Photoheterotroph B. Bacillus
III. Chemoautotroph C. Beggiotoa
IV. Chemoheterotroph D. Chromatium
The correct match is
I II III IV I II III IV
1) D A C B 2) B A C D
3) C B A D 4) D C B A

156. List – I List - II

A) Photoautotroph I) Acetobacter
B) Chemoautotroph II) Salmonella
C) Photoheterotroph III) Rhodospirillum
D) Chemoheterotroph IV) Nitrosomonas
V) Chlorobium
ABCD ABCD
1)V IV III II 2)IVI III II
3)V I III II 4) I II IV V

157. List - I List - II

A) Flagella I) Motile organ
B) Pili II) Genetic material
C) Genophore III)Conjugation
D) Plasmid IV)Vector
The correct match is
ABCD ABCD
1) IV III II I 2) I III II IV
3) II IV I III 4) III IV II I
158. Table - I Table - II
A) Citrus canker I) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
B) Tuberculosis II) Clostridium botulinum
C) Botulism III) Neisseria gonorrhoea
D) Gonorrhoea IV) Mycobacterium leprae
V) X. axonopodispv. citri
ABCD ABCD
1) V I II III 2) I II V IV
3) IV V II I 4) I III II V

159. Table - I Table - II

A) Syphilis I) Neisseria gonorrhoea
B) Crown gall II) Xanthomonas axonopodis
C) Citrus canker III) Bacillus thuringiensis
D) Gonorrhoea IV) Treponema pallidum
V) Agrobacterium tumefaciens
ABCD ABCD
1) IV V I II 2) I II V IV

(Multiple Matching Questions)

162. Study the following table Bacteria Arrangementof of cells Number of cells
I) Sarcina Rod Eight
II) Diplobacillus Round Two
III) Staphylococcus Irregular mass Many
IV) Streptococcus Linear chain Many
Which two bacteria show the correct combination of characters ?
1) I and II 2) II and III 3) III and IV 4) II and IV

163. Scientist Century Contribution

I) Leeuwenhoek 17th Discovery of Bacteria II) Robert Koch 17th Germ theory of disease
III) Lederberg and Zinder 20th Transduction IV) F.Griffith 19th Transformation
The correct pair is
1)I and II 2)II and III 3)I and III 4)III and IV
164. Bacteria Mode ofreproduction Discovered by
I)Salmonella Transduction Zinderand Lederberg
II)Escherichia Conjugation Beedle and Tatum
III)Diplococcus Budding Louis Pasteur
IV)Streptococcus Transformation Frederick Griffith
The correct pair is
1)I and IV 2)II and III 3)I and III 4)II and IV

165. Mark the Bacteria shown in figure

A B C
1) Vibrio Spirillum Spirochaete 2) Spirochaete Vibrio Spirillum
3) Spirillum Vibrio Spirochaete 4) Vibrio Spirochaete Spirillum

166. Bacterium Source of carbon Source ofEnergy

I) Chromatium CO2 Sunlight II) Nitrobacter CO2 Oxidation of organic compounds
III) Rhodopseudomonas sunlight Organic source
IV) Xanthomonas Organiccompounds Organic compounds
The correct pair is
1) I and II 2) I and III 3) I and IV 4) II and IV

167. Name of the bacteria Organism Type

I)Rhodospirillum Saprophyte Photoheterotroph II)Chlorobium Symbiont Photoautotroph
III)Salmonella Parasite Chemoheterotroph
IV)Bacillus sps Saprophyte Chemo heterotroph
The correct pair is
1) I and II 2) II and III 3) III and IV 4) I and IV

168. Study the following table Bacteria Host Disease

I) Xanthomonas Paddy Blight of rice
II) Treponema pallidum Sheep Syphilis
III) Salmonella typhii Human Tetanus
IV) Corynebacterium diphtheriae Human Diphtheria
The incorrect pair is
1) II and III 2) I and II 3) III and IV 4) I and IV

169. Name of the bacteria Shape Type of nutrition

I) Rhodospirillum Spiral Photo heterotroph II) Bdellovibrio Comma Parasite
III) Vibrio cholerae Rod Photo autotroph IV) Diplococcus Spherical Chemo autotroph
Correct combination of the above
1) III and VI only 2) I, II,III only 3) II,III,IV only 4) I and II only

(Questions from other Medical Entrance Examinations)

170. Cyanobacteria are classified under(CPMT 2006)
1) Protista 2) Plantae 3) Monera 4) Algae

171. Streptomycin is obtained from(CPMT-2004)

1) Streptomyces griseus 2) Streptomyces rimosus
3) Streptomyces aurofaciens 4) Streptomyces venezuelae

172. Which of the following pairs of bacteria is involved in two step conversion of NH3 into
nitrate (CPMT-2004)
1) Azotobacter and Nitrosomonas2) Pseudomonas and Nitrobacter
3) Azotobacter and Achromobacter 4) Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter

173. Antibiotics are (MPPMT - 2004)

1) Medicines 2) Toxins 3) Plants 4) Syrups

174. Match the following bacteria with diseases and choose the correct option (Kerala -
2004)
Column - I Column - II
a) Treponema pallidum i) Plague
b) Pasturella pestis ii) Anthrax
c) Bacillus anthracis iii) Syphilis
d) Vibrio iv) Cholera
1) a-i, b-iii, c-ii, d-iv 2) a-iii, b-i, c-ii, d-iv
3) a-ii,b-iii,c-i, d-iv 4) a-iv,b-iii,c-i,d-ii

175. Reproduction in most of the bacteria is by a process of (Bihar - 2004)

1) Budding 2) Sexual 3) Binary fission 4) Sporulation

176. The structure present in cyanobacteria (BGA) helping in nitrogen fixation is

(Orissa - 2004)
1) Haplosperm 2) Holostrum 3) Holotrema 4) Heterocyst

177. In prokaryotic cells (JKCET-2004)

1) Internal compartments are absent 2) Nucleus is membrane less
3) Ribosomes are 70S 4) All of these

178. Which one of the following is a free living aerobic and non-photosynthetic nitrogen
fixing bacterium (JKCET - 2004)
1) Azotobacter 2) Rhizobium 3) Anabaena 4) Clostridium

179. Which of the following is a bacterial disease (JKCET - 2004)

1) Measles 2) Chicken pox 3) Rabies 4) Tuberculosis

180. Match the type of bacteria listed in column I with their activity given in column II.
Choose the correct combination of alphabets of the two columns (KCET-2004)
Column - I Column - II
(Type of Bacteria) (Activity)
a) Streptomyces p) Food poisoning
b) Rhizobium q) Source of antibiotics
c) Nitrosomonas r) Nitrogen fixation
d) Acetobacter s) Nitrification
t) Vinegar synthesis
1) a-s, b-t, c-p, d-r 2) a-t, b-p, c-r, d-s 3) a-q, b-r, c-p, d-t 4) a-q, b-r, c-s, d-t

181. Murein is not found in the cell wall of... (KCET-2004)

1) Cyanobacteria 2) Diatoms 3) Nostoc 4) Eubacteria

182. For retting of jute the fermenting microbe used is (CBSE - 2005)
1)Methanophilic bacteria 2)Butyric acid bacteria
3)Helicobacter pylori 4) Sreptococcus lactin

183. Disease associated with secretion of toxin is (AFMC - 2005)

1) Tetanus 2) T.B 3) Food poisoning 4) AIDS

184. Which of the following is a bacterial disease ? (HPPMT - 2005)

1) Anthrax 2) Rinderpest 3) Tick fever 4) Coocidiosis

185. Cyanobacteria are (HPPMT - 2005)

1) Dinoflagellates 2) Blue green algae 3) Red algae 4) Myxomycetes

186. Episomes are (Manipal - 2005)

1) Extranuclear parts of bacteria 2) Toxins producing bodies of bacteria
3) The plasmids which have power to integrate with bacterial chromosomes
4)Extranuclear components with least number of genes

187. Bacteria are considered plants because they (BHU - 2005)

1) Are green in colour 2) Have rigid cell wall 3) Have chlorophyll 4) Have stomata

188. “Lock Jaw” is another name of (BHU-2005)

1) Malaria 2) Kala – azara 3) Tetanus 4) Diphtheria

189. Curing of tea leaves is brought about by the activity of (CBSE - 2006)
1) Fungi 2) Bacteria 3) Mycorrhiza 4) Viruses

190. The bacterium (Clostridium botulinum) that causes botulism is (CBSE - 2006)
1) An obligate aerobe 2) A facultative anaerobe

3) An obligate anaerobe 4) A facultative anaerobe

191. (A) :- Gram negative bacteria do not retain the stain when washed with alcohol
(R) :- The outer surface of outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria contains
lipopolysaccharides, a part of which are integrated into the membrane lipids (AIIMS - 2006)
1) A and R are true and R is the correct explanation to A
2) A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation to A
3) A is true but R is false
4) A is false but R is true

192. The cell wall material present both in blue greenalgae and bacteria is (COMEDK
2006)
1) Pectin 2) Chitin 3) Muramic acid 4) Cellulose

193. Which one of the following is a prokaryote ? (COMEDK-2006)

1) Entamoeba 2) Saccharomyces 3) Paramecium 4) E.coli

194. F-factor is present in (Orissa - 2006)

1) Cosmid 2) Cell wall 3) Plasmid 4) Golgi body

195. Photoautotrophic bacteria have (Bihar-2006)

1) Chromatosomes 2) Chloroplasts 3) Carotenes 4) Grana

196. Alternation of generations is absent in Esherichia coli due to absence of

(RPMT-2006)
1) Chromosomes 2) Nucleus 3) Reduction division 4) Syngamy

197. Transfer of genetic information through virus is (MHTCET - 2007)

1) Transformation 2) Conjugation 3) Conduction 4) Transduction

198. During DNA replication in prokaryotes DNA is anchored to (MPPMT-2007)

1) Chromosome 2) Mesosome 3) Nucleolus 4) Ribosome

199. Genophore term was coined b Hans Ris for (MPPMT - 2007)
1) Genetic material of virus 2) Stack on which spore originated
3)Bacterial chromosome 4)Fungal chromosome

200. Cell division of bacteria is (Orissa-2007)

1) Amitotic 2) Mitotic 3) Meiotic 4) None of these

201. Which of the following is the function of nitrifying bacteria ? (Orissa - 2010)
1) Oxidises NH3 to NO3 2) Oxidises NH3 to NH4
3) Converts NO3 to NH3 4) Converts NO3 to N2

202. Tuberculosis is caused by (W.B-2010)

1) Mycobacterium sp 2) Aspergillus sp 3) Clostridium sp 4) Vibrio species

203. Heterocysts are found in (Har.PMT-2007)

1) Chlorophyceae 2) Cyanophyceae 3) Pheophyceae 4) Rhodophyceae

204. (A) :- The true nucleus is generally absent in E.coli and other prokaryotes
(R) :- An undifferentiated. unorganised fibrillar nucleus without any limiting membrane is
observed in prokaryotic cells (AIIMS-2007)
1) A and R are true and R is the correct explanation to A
2) A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation to A
3) A is true but R is false 4) A is false but R is true

205. Thermococcus, Methanococcus and Methanobacterium exemplify (CBSE-2006)

1) Bacteria whose DNA is relaxed or positively supercoiled but which have a cytoskeleton as
well as mitochondria
2) Bacteria that contain a cytoskeleton and ribosomes
3) Archaebacteria that contain protein homologous to eukaryotic core histones
4) Archaebacteria that lack any histones resembling those found in eukaryotes but whose DNA is
negatively supercoiled

206. In the light of recent classification of living organisms into three domains of life
(bacteria, archaea and eukarya), which one of the following statements is true about
archaea ? (CBSE-2008)
1) Archaea completely differ from both prokaryotes and eukaryotes
2) Archaea completely differ from prokaryotes
3) Archaea resemble eukarya in all respects
4) Archaea have some novel features that areabsent in other prokaryotes and eukaryotes

207. Nobel prize for medicine was given for confirming the role Helicobacter pylaria in
causing (KCET-2008)
1) Rhinitis 2) Nephritis 3) Peptic ulcer 4) Bronchitis

208. Shorter generation time of E.coli compared to eukaryotes may be explained on the
basis of (W.B 2008)
1) Shape 2) Large surface/volume ratio 3) Presence of cell wall 4)Absence of organelles

209. On the basis of rRNA genes bacteria are divided into (Orissa-2008)
1) Gram + Ve and Gram –Ve 2) Bacteria and archaebacteria
3) Actinomyces and mycoplasma 4) Cyanobacteria and mycoplasma

210. Group of algae in which sexual reproduction is absent (Orissa-2008)

1) Cyanophyceae 2) Bacillariophyceae 3) Chlorophyceae 4) None of these

211. (A) :- Esherichia coli, Shigella sps. And Salmonella sps. are all responsible for diarrhoeal
diseases
(R) :- Dehydration is common to all types of diarrhoeal diseases and adequate supply of fluids
and electrolytes should be ensured (AIIMS-2008)
1) A and R are true and R is the correct explanation to A
2) A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation to A
3)A is true but R is false 4)A is false but R is true

212. Which of the following is not a characteristic of Gram positive bacteria ? (Kerala -
2008)
1) Cell wall is smooth 2) Outer membrane is present
3) Mesosomes are distinctively prominent
4) Basal body of flagellum contains two rings
5) Murein content of cell wall is 70-80%

213. Pathogenecity of bacteria causing tuberculosis and leprosy is due to (Kerala-2008)

1) Cholesterol 2) Wax – D 3) Prostaglandins 4) Glycerol 5) Ergosterol

214. Bacterium which is concerned with pertussis is (BHUS - 2008)

1) Bacillus 2) Diplococcus 3) Bordetella 4) Mycobacterium

215. Transduction in bacteria was discovered by (BHUS - 2008)

1) Zinder and Lederberg 2) Herelle and Twort
3) Wallace and Jacob 4) Lederberg and Tatum

216. A chemical substance produced by a microorganism for inhibiting the growth of

another is (BHUS - 2008)
1) Aflatoxin 2) Antiallergic 3) Antibiotic4) Antibody

217. Golgi apparatus is absent in (BHUS-2008)

1) Higher plants 2) Bacteria and blue-green algae 3) Yeast 4) Liver cells

218. Bacterium divides after every 35 minutes. If culture containing 105 cells per ml is
grown, cell concentration per ml after 175 minutes will be (BHUS - 2008)
1) 48 x 105 2) 175 x 105 3) 125 x 105 4) 32 x 105

219. Which of the following are true archaebacteria ? (BHUM-2008)

1) Extreme halophiles 2) Extreme thermophiles
3) Methanogens 4) Presence of peptidoglycan cell wall
1) 1, 2, 3 correct 2) 1,2 correct
3) 2,4 correct 4) 1,3 correct

220. Oxygenic photosynthesis occurs in (CBSE-2009)

1) Rhodospirillum 2) Oscillatoria 3) Chlorobium 4) Chromatium

221. Teichoic acid is found in (CPMT-2009)

1) Cyanobacteria 2) Mycoplasma 3) Gram (+Ve) bacteria 4)Gram (-Ve) bacteria

222. Cell wall of bacteria and blue green algae composed of (CPMT-2009)
1) Muramic acid 2) Lipoprotein 3) Glycolipid 4) Chitin

223. The site of photosynthesis in blue-green algae is (MPPMT - 2009)

1) Chloroplast 2) Chromoplasm 3) Mitochondria 4) Root hair

224. An example of symbiotic bacteria is (DPMT-09)

1) Xanthomonas campestris 2) Erwinia amylovora
3) Rhizobium leguminosarum 4) Agrobacterium tumefaciens

225. Lungs tuberculosis is caused by(DPMT-2009)

1) Escherichia coli 2) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
3) Mycobacterium tuberculosis 4) Streptococcus pneumoniae
226. A bacterium is capable of withstanding extreme heat, dryness and toxic chemicals.
This indicates that it is probably able to form (KCET-2009)
1) A thick peptidoglycan wall 2) Endospores 3) Endotoxin 4) Endogenous buds

227. In prokaryotes, the mitochondria are absent, even then Krebs cycle takes place. What
is the site of Krebs cycle in bacteria ? (Manipur - 2009)
1) Cytoplasm 2) Nucleoid 3) Ribosome 4) Plasma membrane

228. Spirulina is the rich source of (Orissa-2009)

1) Vitamins 2) Protein 3) Minerals 4) All of these

229. Gram +ve and Gram -ve bacteria are differentiated on the basis of (Orissa-2009)
1) Cell wall 2) Flagella 3) Nucleus 4) DNA

230. Some hyperthermophilic organisms that grow in highly acidic (pH 2) habitats belong
to the two groups : (CBSE-2010)
1) Cyanobacteria and diatoms 2) Protista and mosses
3) Liverworts and yeasts 4) Eubacteria and archaea

231. Membrane - bound organelles are absent in : (CBSE - 2010)

1) Streptococcus 2) Chlamydomonas 3) Plasmodium 4) Saccharomyces

232. Select the correct combination of the statements (a-4) regarding the characteristics of
certain organisms (CBSEM-2010)
a) Methanogens are archaebacteria which produce methane in marshy area
b) Nostoc is a filamentous blue green alga which fixes atmospheric nitrogen
c) Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria synthesize cellulose from glucose
d) Mycoplasma lack a cell wall and can survive without oxygen
The correct statements are :
1) b,c 2) a,b,c 3) b,c,d 4) a,b,d

233. Bacteria with group of flagella on both sides are (CPMT - 2010)
1) Amphitrichous 2) Cephalotrichous 3) Peritrichous 4) Lophotrichous
234. Which one of the following processes results in the formation of a clone of bacteria ?
(KCET - 2010)
1) Binary fission 2) Conjugation 3) Transformation 4) Transduction

235. Archaea differ from eubacteria in one of the following features. Choose the correct
answer (COMEDK-2010)
1) They have a rigid cell wall 2) They have 16 S RNA
3) They are very ancient 4)Their cell wall lacks peptidoglycan component

236. Botulism is due to contamination of (Chd.CET -10)

1) E.coli 2) Salmonella 3) Clostridium 4) Pseudomonas

237. A micro organism richest in protein (Chd.CET-2010)

1) Chlorella 2) Spirulina 3) Morchella 4) Suprolegnia

238. Transformation was discovered by : (AIPMT -2014 )

1) Meselson and stahl 2) Hershey and chase 3) Griffith 4) Watson and crick

239. The motile bacteria are able to move by : ( AIPMT -2014 )

1) Fimbriae 2) Flagella 3) Cilia 4) Pili

240. Beggiotoa is a ( EAMCET -2014 )

1) Photoautotroph 2) Photoheterotroph 3) Chemoheterotroph 4) Chemoautotroph

(True /False statements)

241. First drawings that represented the structures of bacteria and protozoa were made by ‘Father
of Microbiology’.

242. Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovered a world of invisible creatures and called them as
‘Animalcules’.

243. Leeuwenhoek reported the omnipresent habitat of Bacteria.

244. Father of Microbiology developed the technique of vaccine preparation.

245. The process of mild heating to kill particular spoilage due to microorganisms is called
vaccination.

246. Bacteria and Cyanobacteria are referred to as prokaryotes.

247. Bacteria and cyanobacteria exhibit similar cell structure and nuclear organisation and lacks
cell membrane.

248. Membrane bound cell organelles are absent in prokaryotic cells.

249. With regard to arrangement of cells in bacteria, it is more complex in Cocci than in Bacilli.

250. In Staphylococcus bacteria a linear chain of cells arranged in single row.

251. Rhizobium and Xanthomonas are symbiotic bacteria.

252. Escherichia coli is an inhabitant of human intestine, reproduce sexually by conjugation and
is used extensively in genetic engineering.

253. Beggiotoa is a chemoheterotrophic bacteria.

254. All autotrophic bacteria are green.

255. All heterotrophic bacteria are non green.

256. All autotrophic bacteria utilize atmospheric carbondioxide.

257. All saprophytic and parasitic bacteria derive carbon and energy from inorganic source.

258. Bacterium with a single flagellum at each end of the cell is called monotrichous.

259. Nitrosomonas and Rhodospirillum are chemoautotrophs.

260. Azotobacter is a pleomorphic bacterium.

261. Bacterial conjugation is a very conservative process.

262. Genetic recombination does not occur in bacterial conjugation.

263. Chromatophores are present in all autotrophic bacteria.

264. Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus grows as a predaceous bacteria.

265. During Binary fission in bacteria, spindle formation does not occurs.

266. Gametes are formed during bacterial sexual reproduction.

267. DNA replication and meiosis occurs during bacterial sexual reproduction.

268. Genetic material in bacterial cell is always a singlestranded circular naked DNA.

269. DNA in bacterial cell is not associated with histones and not bound by nuclear membrane.

270. 30s and 40s ribosomal subunits are found in bacteria.

271. 70s ribosomes are common in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

272. Chromatin organisation is common in bacteria and eukaryotic cells.

273. RNA components from bacteria are used as Biosensors.

274. Bacteria represents dominant group of microbes present in the soil than any other microbe.
275. Saprophytic and parasitic bacteria have biomedical importance.

276. Bacterial plasmids can be manipulated in the laboratory and are used as vectors in rDNA
technology.

277. Conjugation is genetic transfer through direct contact between two bacterial cells and is
facilitated by conjugative plasmids.

278. Bacterial transformation is mediated by bacteriophages.

279. An antimicrobial agent produced naturally by a bacterium or fungus is called vaccine.

280. Antibiotic is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease.

281. The principle involved in germ theory of disease is that microorganisms cause disease.

282. Treponema pallidum is considered as foe of humans.

283. Use of microbes in mining reduces the cost of metal production by more than 50%.

284. Bacterial flagella are made up of tubulin and do not show 9+2 configuration in their ultra
structure.

285. Flexible spirilla bacteria are called spirochaets.

286. Leeuwenhoek and Ehrenberg observed the pathogenic nature of bacteria in plants, animals
and human beings.

287. Nuclear material in bacteria is called genophore.

288. Acetobacter show various.

KEY

1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 3 5) 2 6) 1 7) 3 8) 2 9) 3 10) 4

11) 4 12) 3 13) 4 14) 1 15) 1 16) 1 17) 4 18) 1 19) 21 20) 3

21) 2 22) 3 23) 4 24) 4 25) 2 26) 4 27) 4 28) 1 29) 3 30) 4

31) 4 32) 3 33) 2 34) 3 35) 3 36) 2 37) 1 38) 3 39) 1 40) 4 41) 2 42) 3 43) 1 44) 1 45) 2 46) 1

47) 4 48) 3 49) 4 50) 4 51) 2 52) 2 53) 1 54) 3 55) 4 56) 3 57) 4 58) 3 59) 4 60) 3 61) 3 62) 3

63) 4 64) 4 65) 3 66) 3 67) 4 68) 1 69) 3 70) 1 71) 2 72) 1 73) 1 74) 3 75) 3 76) 3 77) 2 78) 2
79) 4 80) 1 81) 2 82) 1 83) 1 84) 1 85) 2 86) 1 87) 4 88) 2 89) 2 90) 3 91) 2 92) 4 93) 2 94) 1

95) 2 96) 2 97) 1 98) 1 99) 3

100) 1 101) 2 102) 1 103) 2 104) 4 105) 3 106) 3 107) 2 108) 4 109) 4 110) 1 111) 3 112) 4

113) 3 114) 4 115) 2 116) 4 117) 4 118) 3 119) 3 120) 2 121) 4

LEVEL-II
(‘assertion’ and ‘Reason’ type Questions)
122) 1 123) 1 124) 1 125) 1 126) 1 127) 1 128) 1 129) 3 130) 1 131) 3 132) 1 133) 3
134) 2 135) 2 136) 2 137) 2 138) 1 139) 1 140) 4 141) 4 142) 3 143) 1 144)3 145)3
146)1 147)1 148)1 149)3 150)3

SIMPLE MATCHING QUESTIONS

151) 2 152) 3 153) 2 154) 2 155) 1 156) 1 157) 2 158) 1 159) 3 160) 4 161) 4

MULTIPLE MATCHING QUESTIONS

162) 3 163) 3 164) 1 165) 1 166) 3 167) 3 168) 1 169) 4

QUESTIONS FROM OTHER MEDICAL ENTRANCE EXAMINATIONS

170) 3 171) 1 172) 4 173) 1 174) 2 175) 3 176) 4 177) 4 178) 1 179) 4
180) 4 181) 2 182) 2 183) 3 184) 1 185) 2 186) 3 187) 2 188) 3 189) 2
190) 3 191) 1 192) 3 193) 4 194) 3 195) 1 196) 3 197) 4 198) 2 199) 3
200) 1 201) 1 202) 1 203) 2 204) 1 205) 3 206) 4 207) 3 208) 2 209) 2
210) 1 211) 2 212) 2 213) 2 214) 3 215) 1 216) 3 217) 2 218) 4 219) 1
220) 2 221) 3 222) 1 223) 2 224) 3 225) 3 226) 2 227) 4 228) 2 229) 1

230) 4 231) 1 232) 4 233) 1 234) 1 235) 4 236) 3 237) 2 238) 3 239) 2 240) 4

(TRUE /FALSE STATEMENTS)

241.T 242. T 243. T 244. F 245. F 246. T 247. F 248. T 249. T 250. F
251. F 252. T 253. F 254. F 255. F 256. T 257. F 258. F 259. F 260. F
261. T 262. F 263. F 264. T 265. T 266. F 267. F 268. F 269. T 270. F
271. T 272. F 273. F 274. T 275. T 276. T 277. T 278. F 279. F 280. F
281. T 282. T 283. T 284. T 285. T 286. F 287. T 288. T 289. F 290. T

HINTS AND SOLUTION FOR LEVEL II

122. Whittaker placed all prokaryotic organisms under kingdom Monera. Bacteria have
prokaryotic cellular organisation, they were kept under kingdom Monera. So ‘A’ is true,‘R’is
true and ‘R’ explains ‘A’

123. Ubiquitous means found every where. Bacteria are found in soil, water, air and on or inside
living organisms. So ‘A’ is true, ‘R’ is true and ‘R’ explains ‘A’

124. Exergonic reaction means during the formation of products energy is released.
chemoautotrophs gets energy by the oxidation of inorganic sub stances. So ‘A’ is true,‘R’ is true
and ‘R’ explains ‘A’

125. Bacteria which change their shape depending up on the type of environment and nutrients
available are called pleomorphic. Acetobactor is a pleomorphic bacteria. So ‘A’ is true, ‘R’ is
true and ‘R’ explains ‘A’

126. Bacterial cells are haploid. No true sexual reproduction is present. Meiosis and mitosis does
not occurs. Gametes are not formed. So ‘A’ is true, ‘R’ is true and ‘R’ explains ‘A’
127. Parasites derive nutrients from the cell and tissues of host organisms on disturbing of the
metabolic activity and causes diseases. So ‘A’ is true, ‘R’ is true and ‘R’ explains ‘A’

128. Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus grows as a parasite on some harmful bacteria found in river
Ganges and kills them. So ‘A’ is true, ‘R’ is true and ‘R’ explains ‘A’

129. All bacteria are not photoautotrophs. So ‘A’ is true and ‘R’ is false

130. Saprophytes grow on decaying organic matter and helps in decomposition. So ‘A’ is true,
‘R’ is true and ‘R’ explains ‘A’

131. Peptidoglycan is not a phospholipid it is a murien or muramic acid. So ‘A’ is true, ‘R’ is
false

132. Conjugation is a very conservative process, in that the donor bacterium generally retains a
copy of the genetic material being transferred. So ‘A’ is true, ‘R’ is true and ‘R’ explains ‘A’

133. Plasmid is extra nuclear material and not a component of nucleus. So ‘A’ is true,’R’is false

134. Binary fission means, the dividing bacterial cell produces two genetically identical daughter
cells. So ‘A’ is true, ‘R’ is true but not correct explanation

135. Gametes and gametangia are not formed in bacteria. Meiosis and mitosis does not occur. So
‘A’ is true, ‘R’ is true but not correct expla nation

136. Conjugation is a type of sexual reproduction in a bacteria. During this process genetic
recombination it occurs by direct physical contact between bacterial cells.Genetic recombination
also occurs by transformation and transduction. Hence ‘R’ is not the correct explains of ‘A’.

137. No meiosis in bacteria therefore no true sexualreproduction. However genetic

recombination occurs. So ‘A’ is true, ‘R’ is true but not correct explanation
138. Organisms with similar cell structure and nuclear organisation and without nuclear
membrane are referred as prokaryotes. So ‘A’ is true, ‘R’ is true and ‘R’ explains ‘A’

139. Saprophytic bacteria decompose the dead organic matter and clean the environment. They
act as natural scavengers. So ‘A’ is true, ‘R’ is true and ‘R’ explains ‘A’

140. Scavengers of nature is applicable to saprophytic bacteria only. So ‘A’is false and ‘R’ is
true

141. Symbiotic bacteria are non-pathogenic. So ‘A’i s true ‘R’is ture and ‘R’ explains ‘A’

142. Methanobacillus is an anaerobe. They can not use oxygen. So ‘A’ is true ‘R’ is false

143. As bacteria exhibits both beneficial and harmful activities, they are considered as friends
and foes of man. So ‘A’ is true ‘R’ is true and ‘R’ explains ‘A’

144. Rhodospirillum is a photoheterotroph and gets carbon from organic source (either from
glucose or amino acids) and energy from sunlight. So ‘A’ is true and ‘R’ is false

145. Bacteria reproduces asexually by binary fission and it is most common method that occurs
during favourable conditions. So ‘A’ is true and ‘R’ is false

146. Sex pili are elongated tubular structures with hollow core and forms conjugation tube
(bridge) between conjugants. So ‘A’ is true, ‘R’ is true and ‘R’ explains ‘A’

147. Photoautotrophs gets energy from sunlight and carbon from atmospheric CO2 . Chlorobium
is a photoautotroph, so ‘A’ is true, ‘R’ is true and ‘R’ explains ‘A’

148. Botulism is a type of disease in humans due to food poisoning and it is due to a bacterium
called Clostridium botulinum. So both ‘A’ and ‘R’ are true and ‘R’ explains ‘A’

149. Methanogens produce methane anaerobically from dung. So ‘A’ is true and ‘R’ is false
150. Prokaryotes like bacteria and cyanobacteria exhibit similar cell structure and nuclear
organisation. They lack nuclear membrane and nucleoli and shows cell membrane. So ‘A’ is true
and ‘R’ in false.

HINTS FOR TRUE OR FALSE

244. Louis Pasteur developed the technique of vaccine preparation.

245. The process of mild heating to kill particular spoilage due to microorganisms is called
pasteurization.

247. Bacteria and Cyanobacteria exhibit similar cell structure and nuclear organisation and lacks
nuclear membrane.

250. In Staphylococcus bacteria, irregular pattern of arrangement of cells producing bunches is

present.

251. Rhizobium is symbiotic bacteria and Xanthomonas is parasitic bacteria.

253. Beggiotoa is a chemoautotrophic bacteria.

254. Chemoautotrophs are non green.

255. Photoheterotrophs are green

257. All saprophytic and parasitic bacteria derive carbon and energy from organic source.

258. Bacterium with a single flagellum at each end of the cell is called amphitrichous.

259. Nitrosomonas is chemoautotroph and Rhodospirillum is photoheterotroph.

260. Acetobacter is a pleomorphic bacterium.

262. Genetic recombination occur in bacterial conjugation.

263. Chromatophores are absent in chemoautotrophs.

266. Gametes are not formed during bacterial sexual reproduction.

267. DNA replication occurs but meiosis does not occurs during bacterial sexual reproduction.

268. Genetic material in bacterial cell is double stranded circular naked DNA.

270. 30s and 50s ribosomal subunits are found in bacteria.

272. Chromatin organisation is absent in bacteria and present in eukaryotic cells.

273. DNA components of bacteria are used as bio sensors.

278. Bacterial transduction is mediated by bacteriophages.

279. An antimicrobial agent produced naturally by a bacterium or fungus is called antibiotic.

280. Vaccine is a biological preparation that improves immunity to a particular disease.

286. Robert Koch observed the pathogenic nature of bacteria in plants, animals and human
beings.

289. Symbiotic bacteria are non pathogenic in nature.