ESSRP ESMF Final

Public Disclosure Authorized
Republic of Iraq
Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs
Environmental and Social Management Framework

(ESMF)
For
Iraq Emergency Social Stabilization and

Resilience Project
ESMF Report – 21 December 2018

ESMF – Iraq Emergency Social Stabilization and Resilience Project
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Table of Contents
Table of Contents.............................................................................................................................. ii
List of Tables ................................................................................................................................... iii
List of Figures ................................................................................................................................. iv
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations ................................................................................................ iv
Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................... vi
Chapter 1: Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Preamble ............................................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Rationale for Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF)......................... 2
Chapter 2: Project Description ....................................................................................................... 3
2.1. Iraqi Emergency Social Stabilization and Resilience Project (ESSRP) ................................ 3
2.2. Project Development Objectives ......................................................................................... 3
2.3. Project Components ........................................................................................................... 4
2.4. ESSRP Implementation Timetable ................................................................................... 17
Chapter 3: Environmental and Social Settings............................................................................. 18
3.1. Physical Environment ...................................................................................................... 18
3.2. Biological Environment ................................................................................................... 21
3.3. Socio-economic Characteristics ........................................................................................ 24
Chapter 4: Policy, Legal, and Regulatory Framework ................................................................ 29
4.1. National Laws and Regulations ........................................................................................ 29
4.2. Applicable World Bank Policies ....................................................................................... 36
4.3. Gap analysis ..................................................................................................................... 38
Chapter 5: Potential Environmental and Social Impacts Framework......................................... 40
5.1. Risk Identification ............................................................................................................ 40
5.2. Impact Assessment Methodology ..................................................................................... 41
5.3. Expected Adverse impacts – overview.............................................................................. 42
Chapter 6: Public Consultation and Engagement ........................................................................ 49
6.1. Stakeholders’ Consultation ............................................................................................... 49
6.2. Stakeholders’ Participation ............................................................................................... 54
6.3. Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM)............................................................................. 60
Chapter 7: Environmental and Social Management Framework ................................................ 66
7.1. Proposed Environmental and Social Mitigation Measures ................................................. 66
7.2. Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring ................................................... 70
7.3. Site Visits and Reporting Requirements ............................................................................ 80
Chapter 8: Institutional Arrangements and Capacity Building................................................... 82
8.1. Institutional and Implementation Arrangements ................................................................ 82
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8.2. Capacity Building and Training Needs ............................................................................. 86

Chapter 9: Screening and Safeguards Instruments...................................................................... 90
9.1. Sub-project Environmental & Social Screening and Approval Framework ........................ 90
9.2. Cost estimates .................................................................................................................. 94
References ...................................................................................................................................... 95
ANNEXES...................................................................................................................................... 96
Annex I: Pollutants’ Thresholds ................................................................................................... 96
Annex II: Public Consultation Questionnaire & Participants’ List ............................................... 99
Annex III: Sample Grievance Registration Form ........................................................................ 107
Annex IV: Environmental & Social Screening Criteria/Checklists .............................................. 109
Annex V: Environmental Requirements for Contractors ............................................................. 113
Annex VI: Typical ESMP report content..................................................................................... 116
List of Tables
Table 1: Indicative Resource Allocation – Livelihood Opportunities .................................................................................. 11

Table 2: Allocations of Component 3................................................................................................................................ 16
Table 3: Proposed time schedule for implementing ESSRP................................................................................................ 17
Table 4: Concentrations of major air pollutants in Baghdad (Jan – Mar 2014) .................................................................... 19
Table 5: Average annual amounts of falling dust in 7 governorates – 2012......................................................................... 19
Table 6: Water production and per capita share in 7 governorates – 2012 ........................................................................... 20
Table 7: Population distribution in 7 target governorates – 2014 ........................................................................................ 24
Table 8: Age distribution in Iraq – 2014............................................................................................................................ 25
Table 9: Distribution of income and expenditure at per capita and household levels ........................................................... 27
Table 10: Enrolment distribution according to school level, gender, and governorate – 2016/2017 ...................................... 27
Table 11: Amount of social assistance according to family size – Law 11 of 2014.............................................................. 30
Table 12: Roles and responsibilities in the field................................................................................................................. 36
Table 13: Summary requirements of the WB's and Iraqi ESMF ......................................................................................... 39
Table 14: Summary impacts and rating for this ESMF....................................................................................................... 46
Table 15: Participants of the consultation interviews ......................................................................................................... 49
Table 16: E&S impact rating by public consultation .......................................................................................................... 50
Table 17: Notes and views collected during public consultations ....................................................................................... 52
Table 18: Pictures taken during public consultations ......................................................................................................... 52
Table 19: Identified stakeholders and most appropriate communication methods and tools ................................................. 58
Table 20: Available communication channels for the GRM ............................................................................................... 64
Table 21: The proposed GRM roles and responsibilities .................................................................................................... 65
Table 22: Proposed environmental and social mitigation measures..................................................................................... 66
Table 23: Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Framework .................................................................. 72
Table 24: Monitoring and reporting schedule during construction phase ............................................................................ 81
Table 25: Proposed training workshops and courses at MOLSA’s level ............................................................................. 87
Table 26: Potential sub-projects as presented in PAD ........................................................................................................ 91
Table 27: Safeguard instruments proposed for the sub-projects identified to date................................................................ 92
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Table 28: Safeguarding, approval and disclosure methodology .......................................................................................... 92

Table 29: Cost estimates for E&S safeguards instruments.................................................................................................. 94
List of Figures
Figure 1: Project boundaries (colored) ................................................................................................................................3

Figure 2: IASC Guidelines Intervention Pyramid ................................................................................................................8
Figure 3: Distribution of Ecoregions in Iraq according to Project areas .............................................................................. 22
Figure 4: Age distribution in Iraq – 2014 .......................................................................................................................... 25
Figure 5: Illustrative institutional diagram......................................................................................................................... 83
Figure 6: Organizational Structure of MOLSA .................................................................................................................. 85
Figure 7: Outline of the E&S Screening and Approval Methodology ................................................................................. 91
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
°C Degree Celsius M Meter

Ag Silver M&E Monitoring and Evaluation
Al Aluminum MENA Middle East and North Africa
APHA American Public Health Association MHPSS Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Services
ARAP Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan min Minute
As Arsenic MIS Management Information System
AWWA American Water Works Association Mn Manganese
B Boron MOA Ministry of Agriculture
Ba Barium MOE Ministry of Education
BCM Billion Cubic Meter MoEnv Ministry of Environment
BMPs Best Management Practices MOF Ministry of Finance
BOD Biochemical Oxygen Demand MOH&Env Ministry of Health and Environment
Br2 Bromine MoIM Ministry of Industry and Minerals
CaC Calcium Carbide MOLSA Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs
CCTs Conditional Cash Transfers MOP Ministry of Planning
Cd Cadmium MOT Ministry of Transport
CE Citizen Engagement MSF Médecins Sans Frontières
CfW Cash for Work N/A Not Applicable
Cl Chloride NDP National Development Plan
Cl2 Free Chlorine NGO Non‐Governmental Organizations
CN Cyanide NH4 Ammonium
CO Carbon monoxide Ni Nickel
Co Cobalt NO2 Nitrogen dioxide
CO2 Carbon dioxide NO3 Nitrate
COD Chemical Oxygen Demand NOx Nitrogen Oxides
Cr Chromium O2 Oxygen
CSO Central Statistical Organization OHS Occupational Health and Safety
CSOs Civil Social Organizations OP/BP Operational Procedure/ Bank Policy
Cu Cupper PAD Project Appraisal Document
dB(A) A-weighted decibels PAPs Project Affected Persons
DDT Dichlorophyneltrichloroethane Pb Lead
Dept. Department PCN Project Concept Note
DNA Damage Needs Assessment PDOs Project Development Objectives
DO Dissolve Oxygen pH Used to express acidity
DOEL Department of Employment and Loans PHC Primary Health Care
EA Environmental Assessment PID Project Information Document
EHS Environmental, Health and Safety PM Particulate Matter
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment PMO Project Management Office
EMP Environmental Management Plan PMT Proxy Means-Testing
EODP Emergency Operation for Development PMT Project Management Team
Project
ESIA Environmental and Social Impact Assessment PO4 Phosphate
ESMF Environmental and Social Management POM Project Operation Manual
Framework
ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan PPE Personal Protective Equipment
ESSRP Emergency Social Stabilization and Resilience PRD Public Relations Department
Project
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F Fluoride PSS Psychosocial Support Services

Fe Iron RAP Resettlement Action Plan
GBV Gender‐based Violence RPF Resettlement Policy Framework
GHGs Green House Gases S2- Sulfide
GOI Government of Iraq’s SCPP Stakeholder’s Consultation and Participation Plan
GPS Global Positioning System SCPRS Supreme Committee for Poverty Reduction
Strategy
GR Grievance Redress Se Selenium
GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism SG Secretary General
GRS Grievance Redress Service SO2 Sulfur dioxide
ha Hectare SO4 Sulfate
Hg Mercury SPC Social Protection Commission
hr Hour SSN Social Safety Net
HSE-MP Health, Safety and Environment Management SSS Safeguards Screening Summary
Plan
IASC Inter‐Agency Standing Committee TCPRS Technical Committee for Poverty Reduction
Strategy
IBAs Important Birds Areas TSP Total Suspended Particles
IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and UN United Nations
Development
ID Identification Document UNECE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe
IDP Internally Displaced People US$ United States Dollars
IFC International Finance Corporation USD United States Dollar
ILO International Labor Organization USGS United States Geological Survey
IQD Iraqi dinar UXOs Unexploded Ordnances
ISIS Islamic State in Iraq and Syria VOCs Volatile Organic Compounds
IT Information Technology WB World Bank
IUCN International Union for the Conservation of WBG World Bank Group
Nature
Km Kilometer WEF Water Environment Federation
L Liter WHO World Health Organization
LCC Local Coordination Committee Zn Zinc
LSADs Labor and Social Assistance Department
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Executive Summary
ES.1 – Introduction
As many areas in Iraq have been liberated from ISIS control recently, the Government of Iraq (GOI)
must move quickly to support returnees, including the provision of cash, short-term employment, and
other means of social support to the most vulnerable of these returnees. Endeavors of reintegrating the
poor, the vulnerable and the millions of Internally Displaced People (IDPs) are highly dependent on
the GOI’s ability and capacity to regain trust and provide security.
The GOI has received financial support from the World Bank in the form of a US$200 million loan
for the Iraq Emergency Social Stabilization and Resilience Project (ESSRP), which will be
implemented by the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs (MOLSA) and will span 3 years. ESSRP
will cover the governorates of Ninawa, Anbar, Salahideen, Diyala, Kirkuk, Baghdad and Babel.
The Project Development Objectives include, (1) Increase livelihood opportunities in liberated areas;
(2) Increase access to psychosocial services in liberated areas; and (3) Strengthen the systems to
expand the provision of social safety nets.
MOLSA will be responsible for implementing the Project through its Project Management Office
(PMO). The Project will leverage existing resources centrally, and from Labor and Social Assistance
Departments (LSADs) in the seven targeted governorates, including Local Coordination Committees
(LCCs) at the governorate level. Consultants will be hired where more technical support is needed.
Public sector engagement is important in the context of this Project, particularly when dealing with
damaged infrastructures, while private sector will not be positioned to be able to provide short‐term
livelihood support to poor and vulnerable households.
Rationale
The Project is classified as Environmental Category "B” according to the provisions of The World
Bank’s OP/BP 4.01 (Environmental Assessment), which entails the preparation of Environmental and
Social Management Framework (ESMF) in order to give more insight and guidance toward preparing
a more in-depth Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMPs) for the site-specific sub-
projects in the Project’s implementation phase, but before they commence. Specifically, this ESMF
includes: a register of adverse Environmental and Social (E&S) expected impacts in a broader
perception; recommended mitigation and monitoring measures; a screening tool for the impacts of the
foreseen sub-projects; framework preparation of suitable safeguards instruments; and institutional
responsibilities, in addition to capacity building requirements (see ESMF report for the details). The
Project is also expected to have minor involuntary resettlement –related impacts that will require
mitigation measures and/or resettlement and compensation (if applicable). A Resettlement Policy
Framework (RPF) has been prepared to address any resettlement and/or compensation issues
according to WB’s OP/BP 4.12 (Involuntary Resettlement). Finally all safeguards instruments to be
prepared are subject to clearance through Iraqi permitting systems as well as by the World Bank.
ES.2 – Project Description
The 3-year Project (ESSRP) will be implemented by MOLSA in seven governorates in Iraq: Ninawa,
Anbar, Salahideen, Diyala, Kirkuk, Baghdad and Babel. The Following are components planned
within ESSRP:
Component 1: Cash for Work, Social Support, and Livelihood Opportunities
Sub-Component 1.1: Cash for Work (CfW)
This sub-component aims to provide targeted Cash-for-Work support to increase access to short-term
employment. Beneficiaries will include returnees, internally displaced persons, and vulnerable groups.
It also will improve disposable income, thus improve food consumption among vulnerable groups,
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including women. This component will provide public work restoration activities, such as: Street
sweeping and cleaning, drainage clearance, culvert replacement, painting of public buildings and
street walls, painting of crosswalks, rehabilitation of recreational spaces, rehabilitation of schools,
health posts and other community buildings, brushing of bushes along access roads, clearing non‐
private agricultural land, breaking of rocks for road rehabilitation. These activities, and alike, will
have positive impacts on public health and environment, as well as reinforcing climate adaptive goals.
Component 1.2: Psychosocial Support Services
This sub‐component aims to augment the impact of the immediate cash and CfW program towards
resilience building with Psychosocial Support Services to better empower communities to cope with
post-crisis. The ultimate objective of the program is to create an enabling platform for the vulnerable
minority returning internally displaced persons to assist them in their coping mechanisms and to
improve their own self‐care and advocacy skills using available recourses within their communities.
Additionally, this sub‐component will increase access to Mental Health and Psychosocial Support
Services for returnees affected by the conflict in the governorates of Salahideen, Anbar, Diyala, and
Ninawa, and strengthen the operational capacity of the system and providers to deliver quality
services.
Sub‐component 1.3 Livelihoods Opportunities
This sub‐component will support opportunities for improving livelihoods through the existing
income‐generating fund at MOLSA. The sub-component will include two parts:
(a) Provision of technical assistance to MOLSA to support enhancements to the existing
microfinance program, in terms of sustainable products, back office systems, and loan portfolio
monitoring, while minimizing distortions to the private microfinance sector; and
(b) Provision of microfinance to beneficiaries to carry out income generating activities, which would
only be capitalized through a potential project restructuring to reallocate funds from CfW.
The livelihoods focused financing activities are aimed at households without employment, and low
levels of income. These activities are intended to help those with skills to generate immediate income
through obtaining funds to acquire the assets and working capital needed to start or reactivate a small
business.
Component 2‐ Resilient Social Safety Nets
This component is designed to strengthen the resilience of social safety net programs to allow the GOI
to assist poor/vulnerable groups and build resilience to shocks effectively and efficiently. Positive
impacts include reducing poverty and inequality through inclusion of the poorest and marginalized
groups; extending coverage; increasing outreach capacity of MOLSA’s staff and system; Enhancing
children grow up and longer staying in schools. The Conditional Cash Transfer program will increase
the human capital of children in poor and displaced families.
Component 3 – Project Management
This component will support project management and monitoring and evaluation (M&E) to ensure
that the project is successfully and efficiently implemented. The component will finance: (a) project
management office specialized staff (central and at governorates) and equipment; (b) supervision,
operating costs, audits, and M&E; and (c) a communications and awareness campaign.
In many cases, they lost their tools of trade when they were displaced, and need additional funds for
startup costs such as leasing a shop front, hiring new workers or for working inventory
to assist poor/vulnerable groups and build resilience to shocks effectively and efficiently. International
experience has shown an increased recognition of the role of adaptive social safety net in recent years
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which places an enhanced focus on household resilience building and responsiveness of SSN
programs. The following are expected positive impacts:
- Reducing poverty and inequality through boosting economic growth, with more inclusion of the
poorest and marginalized groups;
- Increasing benefits for existing program members and extending coverage to new members;
- Increasing outreach capacities of MOLSA’s staff and system for more SSN coverage;
- Enhancing children grow up and longer staying in schools. The CCT program will increase the
human capital of children in poor and displaced families;
that the project is successfully and efficiently implemented. The component will finance: (a) project
management office specialized staff (central and at governorates, as needed) and equipment; (b)
supervision, operating costs, audits, and M&E; and (c) a communications and awareness campaign.
The Project will be implemented in three years. The following is a proposed schedule and budget
breakdown for carrying out key components:
Table ES.1: Proposed time schedule and budget for implementing ESSRP
Component 1 – CfW, Social Support, and Livelihood Opportunities (169.95 million USD)
First twelve months Design of the CfW and Livelihood Support Program
Initiation of the CfW program in the selected governorates
MHPSS Initiatives
12‐24 months Implementation and Monitoring of the CfW and Livelihood support
program
Post‐conflict Strategy for Violence
Component 2 – Resilient Social Safety Nets (18.10 million USD)
First twelve months Poverty program implementation
CCT pilot program (implementation and evaluation)
12‐24 months Poverty program scale-up
CCT Pilot scale-up
Component 3 – Project management: Throughout Project implementation (4.605 million USD,36 months)
Contingency costs (7.345 million USD)
ES.3 – Environmental and Social Setting

Physical environment:
Iraq has a hot, dry climate characterized by long, hot, dry summers and short, cool winters. January is
the coldest month, (5°C to 10°C), and August is the hottest month (up to 30°C and more). The mean
maximum temperature in July and August is about 43°C, but during heat waves the temperature
shoots up to 49°C. Dust storms are common in summer. High temperature and winds combine to
cause very high evaporation, about 10 mm per day during June, July, and August. Two wind types
prevail, the Sharqi, a dry, dusty wind with occasional gusts of 80 km/h, from April to early June, and
late September through November. And the Shamal, a steady north and northwest wind, occurring
from mid-June to mid-September. About 70% of the average rainfall in the country falls between
November and March; June through August are often rainless. However, rain could be local to violent
storms causing flooding.
Air quality in most areas is an issue, mostly caused by mobile sources, industrial activities, and
private generators. High numbers of vehicles, waste burning, cutting trees, industries and oil sector,
and lacking proper treatment systems are key causes, among others. Green House Gases (GHGs)
emission rates in general, and Methane, in particular, are increasing from year to year (according to
reports, emissions was 1.758% in 2015 compared to 1.621% in 2014). Noise is also an issue, which is
linked to vehicular traffic, especially in highly urbanized areas.
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Water is mostly available through groundwater basin resources, from north to south along Tigris and
Euphrates, poor water quality is observed though. Disposal of waste water in rivers are among the
greatest factors for decreasing quality. Extraction through water projects can range from 168 MCM/y
as in Diyala, to 1,014 MCM/y as in Baghdad. The average per capita share is ranging from 0.272
m3/d, as in Ninawa, to 0.677 m3/d as in Anba, for the year 2012. Artesian water wells have been
widely drilled to support the water needs for agriculture.
Iraq is estimated to produce 31,000 tons of solid waste every day with per capita waste generation
exceeding 1.4 kg per day. Solid waste mismanagement problems remain also of great concern, as
systems are very old, and collection services are only limited to urban areas within the municipality
administrative boundary, in addition to the poorly engineered landfills.
Biological Environment:
The targeted seven governorates of Ninawa, Anbar, Salahideen, Diyala, Kirkuk, Baghdad and Babel
share different spatial amounts of the 4 major ecoregions/ Key Biodiversity Areas that Iraq is blessed
with, these are:
- Eastern Mediterranean conifer‐sclerophyllous‐broadleaf forest;
- Red Sea Nubo‐Sindian Tropical Desert and Semi‐Desert;
- South Iran Nubo‐Sindian Desert and Semi‐Desert; and
- Gulf Desert and Semi‐Desert
The Lower Tigris and Euphrates River Basins are among the most important wetland ecosystems of
the world for the extensive network of marsh habitats that form at their southernmost end. The system
also contains large reservoirs with many designated Important Birds Areas. Lakes of Darbandikhan,
Mosul, Tharthar, and Razzaza are well-known in this regard. The Tigris River is one of the largest
rivers of the Middle East stretching for over 1,900 km, of which 1,415 km are within Iraq. While, The
Euphrates River is formed by the confluence of two rivers: the Karasy River and the Murad River.
The total length of the Euphrates River from the source of the Murad River to its confluence with the
Tigris River is 2,940 km, 1,159 km of which runs within Iraq.
The Project areas stretch over a range of biodiversity aspects. Fauna is gaining more importance by
national and international agencies (Nature Iraq, and International Union for the Conservation of
Natures). The Birds of Iraq includes 417 bird species of which 182 are passage migrants to Iraq and
an additional 27 are vagrant. Of these, 18 species are of conservation concern, the majority of which
are either possible or confirmed breeders. Some 106 species of fish (including freshwater and marine
entrant species) have now been recorded in the non‐marine waters of Iraq and of these 53 species are
marine fish. Little information exists on other globally important fauna species of insects, amphibians,
reptiles, and mammals.
As for Flora, The Tigris‐Euphrates ecoregion’s vegetation is dominated by aquatic plants such as
reeds. Vegetation of the Arabian Desert and East Saharo‐Arabian Xeric Shrublands has received
almost no study in recent years. Several uniquely adapted plants are likely to exist in Mesopotamian
Shrub Desert ecoregion. In the Middle East Steppe ecoregion, herbaceous and dwarf shrub sage brush
communities are important grassland habitats, and during summer many Bedouin can be seen
bringing their herds northward to take advantage of the spring and summer grazing. Areas along the
Euphrates and Tigris Rivers provide riparian vegetation and habitats with mixes of Tamarix, Salix and
Populus species as well as Typha sp and Phragmites sp.
Socio-economic characteristics:
Population of Iraq is 36,004,552 according to census of 2014, with a population growth rate of 2.5%.
The seven governorates, under study have a total number of population 19,384,929 (2014), which
account to 53.8% of the total population of Iraq. Group ages (0-9, and 10-19) are the largest
proportions of the community. Females comprise almost half of the population. Last conflicts have
severely affected vulnerable groups, including, women/girls, the elderly, and children, leaving almost
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51% women displaced. Post-conflict consequences have posed a greater challenge against
development.
In 2014 unemployment among men was 8.4%, while among women, it was 21.9%. It is also worth
mentioning that unemployment rate was peaking in the age group 15-19 which amounted to 24.5%,
while lowest rate was found 2.9% among age group 60-64. Many programs for rehabilitation,
microfinance, and income-generating projects have started following last crises. Within the working
category of the community, only 14% are female, which is far below labor force participation in the
Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region of 22%. Unemployment had risen to 10.8% in 2016,
compared to 10.6% in the preceding year. There is a large variation in the rates of underemployment
in Iraq at the provincial level. This can be explained by the different nature of work and economic
activities prevailing in each province. There is a significant lack of data on the labor market,
especially in the private sector.
The agriculture sector is the largest source of rural employment and livelihood in Iraq, with critical
implications for climate resiliency, food security, poverty alleviation, and the empowerment of
women, but is drastically underexploited.
The average per capita monthly income of Iraq at the market price was 330.3 thousand IQD,
according to the semi-annual social and economic survey for 2014. However, at the household level,
average income was 1,875.4 thousand IQD, and average expenditure was 1,960.7 thousand IQD. In
areas controlled by ISIS, poverty increased from 19% by end of 2013 to 41% in 2014. As for, child
labor, the proportion of children who were engaged in work between the ages of 6-14 years, reached
3.5% of the number of children within this age group. 70% of displaced children missed a full school
year. Net enrollment rates in primary education (6-11 years) in public, civil and endowment schools
was highest in Baghdad 97. While the lowest enrollment rate was recorded at 72 in Anbar, for the
same year.
Total beneficiaries of the Social Safety Nets in 2013 were 878,507 people, where female beneficiaries
accounted for 53.6%, thus, higher than those of males. While the proportion of female beneficiaries
was still higher, given that woman-headed households at the national level was 10.5% in 2016. And
number of women either widowed or divorced in their dependent households has increased as a result
of terrorist operations. According to Women’s Freedom Organization in Iraq, the number of women
in 2015, who were abducted, raped, sold/bought, and suffered the psychosocial damage therefrom,
was 4,000, as a result of the recent crisis.
ES.4 – Policy, Legal, and Regulatory Framework

A set of relevant Iraqi legislations was identified for the implementation of different components of
the ESSRP. Other standards concerning the monitoring of air quality, noise, and discharges to water
bodies were found useful throughout Project life cycle. These were appended to the main report of
ESMF. The following is quick review into applicable legislations:
- Constitution of Iraq
- The National Development Plan, 2018 – 2022
- Economic Empowerment through Income Generating Projects, Law 10 – 2012
- Social Protection Law no. 11 of 2014
- Labor Law no. 37 – 2015 (after pre-assessing the market, minimum wages for CfW can be
determined by a committee formed by the MOLSA’s minister, according to the provisions of
Article 63 of the Law)
- Acquisition Law no. 12 – 1981
- Public Health Law no. 89 – 1981
- Public Health Law / Safe storage and handling of chemicals, instructions no. 4 – 1989
- Protection and Improvement of the Environment Law no. 27 – 2009
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- Protection of Wild Animals and Birds, Law no. 21 – 1997

- Forest Law no. 30 – 2009
- Decision Concerning the Cutting of Trees no. 1 – 1991
- Preservation of Water Resources Regulation no. 2 – 2001
- Protection of Ambient Air Quality Regulation no. 4 – 2012
- The new determinants for the Prevention of Pollution of Rivers and Public Water Regulation,
no. 25 – 1967
- Environmental Assessment – Establishing the Ministry of Environment Law No. 37 – 2008
- EIA categorization – Environmental Criteria for Carrying out Projects and Monitoring
Appropriateness of Implementation Instructions no. 3 – 2011
The main report of ESMF has also provided key responsibilities of different public entities at the
governorate level pertaining to the implementation of the Project
Table ES.2: Responsibility matrix for field implementing
Ministry of Health and - Determination of level of EIAs required for sub-projects

Environment - EIA/ EMP review
- Issuance of environmental permits
local councils for protection and Perform field inspections and monitor actual implementation of Environmental
improvement of the Management Plans (EMPs) on the ground, as well as apply a fine system against
environment environmental violations
Environment Protection and Coordination between local environment protection councils and authorities
Improvement Council (municipalities, governorates, labor and social directorates, etc.)
Health Directorates - Monitor communicable diseases
- provide vaccinations to workers and the hosting communities,
- provide medical care to all community members through local health care centers
and programs
- provide awareness programs to communities
Labor and Social Affairs - Overseeing local labor markets
Directorates - Monitoring violations to labor according to the labor law
- Field inspection for illegal workforce (including child labor)
- Field inspection for Occupational Health and Safety measures
- Surveying households for eligibility to social protection programs
- Processing applications for various assistance programs (job opportunities,
livelihood assistance, microfinance, cash support, etc.)
The following are operational policies of the World Bank triggered for the Project, in addition to other
useful references for financing investment projects, access to information, and occupational health
and safety:
- Investment Project Financing, OP/BP 10.00 – 2013
- The World Bank Policy on Environmental Assessment – OP4.01
- Involuntary Resettlement, OP/BP 4.12 – 2013
- The World Bank Policy on Access to Information – 2013
- Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines – 2008
Key gaps between the National and the Bank’s legislations are related to the following areas:
- Requirements and provisions for preparing ESMF
- Requirements for carrying out public consultations
- Involuntary resettlement
- Information disclosure
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ES.5 – Public Consultation

The following have been consulted using a pre-designed questionnaire in Arabic language. The
approach of individual interviews was selected for security reasons, and because of the widely spread
geography of the targeted governorates. Environmental and social workers at the Labor and Social
Affairs Departments in the field have provided assistance in explaining the project and supporting
interviewees.
Table ES.3: Public consultation participants
Parameter Baghdad Salahideen Diyala Anbar Kirkuk Ninawa Babel
Date(s) of 15, 16, 17, 18 16, 17, 18 Oct 4&5 28 Oct 2018 21 Oct 2018 15 & 16 Oct 17 & 18 Oct
interviews Oct 2018 2018 Nov 2018 2018
2018
Number of 20 19 14 15 21 13 20
participants
Gender 16 (M) 11 (M) 10 (M) 10 (M) 13 (M) 9 (M) 15 (M)
4 (F) 8 (F) 4 (F) 15 (F) 8 (F) 4 (F) 5 (F)
The following comprise key interests and concerns about the project
Table ES.4: Public consultation feedback
Governorate Notes and views
Baghdad - Shortage in working staff, especially the social welfare, and field staff in rural areas
- Using state lands for agriculture is still restricted
- Fluctuation in market prices (imported goods)
- People are not fully aware about communication channels with MOLSA
- Financial aid for the poor could include for building them suitable houses
- Insufficient education for children in rural areas,
- Insufficient psychosocial support opportunities in rural areas
Salahideen - The Project should be a serious one, and should commence quickly
- The Project should have enough monitoring, and reaches out poor families
- Should include opportunities for housing the poor
- Most people do not have adequate knowledge about the Project, as they perceive it as
governmental job openings
- More attention to be given to the unemployed, the elderly, and the orphans
Anbar - There should be enough job opportunities for fresh graduates
- Vocational training centers in Anbar lack enough equipment
- Transportation expenses should be covered, especially those living in remote areas
- The Project is important to enhance social stabilization and revive economy
Kirkuk - The project in general is good and would service affected communities given it is within the right
hands away from financial corruption or exploitation work position
- The Project should avoid small wages, and should provide security to workers
- There should have enough monitoring on the CfW program
- Enough attention should be given to the poor in rural areas, as they do not know about the
Project
Ninawa - Additional activities are needed to cover more people
- The project as such would be beneficial for increasing self-esteem, and provide social support
- All vulnerable groups of women married, divorced, and widowed should be covered with the
SSNs
- The Project should diligently track those in need, especially those who are not covered by any of
the support programs
Babel & - None
Diyala
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Stakeholder participation
The Stakeholders’ engagement throughout the Project implementation is quite critical, to ensure
achieving positive impacts and to ensure complaining channels are accessible. The stakeholders’
engagement plan should start by identifying stakeholders. This essentially include all people and
groups directly or indirectly affected by the Project, people and groups who may take part in
implementation, and those who possibly would influence and make decisions on implementation, as
well as people and groups who have interest in the Project. These are collectively referred to as
Project Affected Persons (PAPs). Of particular importance, vulnerable groups should be identified in
the early stage of the Project, and those should essentially include youth, the unemployed, women,
children, the elderly, and people with special needs and disabilities.
Consultations, including vulnerable groups should be conducted for small-scale civil work
interventions (CfW of Component 1.1) before and during construction phase. Communication with
stakeholders should be ongoing (i.e. apply to all implementation time period of the Project).
Communication channels with PAPs include group meetings, individual meetings, social media,
project leaflets and notice boards/ bulletins, as well as emails, telephone, and official correspondence.
Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM)
The proposed GRM for the ESSRP aims to resolve issues that could come across implementation
promptly, more efficiently, and accurately. The design of the GRM system should provide means for
collecting supportive documents and evidences, investigating the problem, and supporting the final
decision. An effective GRM is characterized by: diversity, clear procedures, swift responses, and
allowing for two-way communication.
Complainants would commonly approach this GRM for many reasons, including those related to
incomplete or no service, vague procedures, inappropriate/ unfair treatment by the staff, and harm
(environmental and/or social) to individuals or groups as a result of carrying out the Project’s
interventions.
The complaint/ grievance, once received, should be promptly resolved or undergone further
investigation. Complaints are sorted out according to complexity. Direct responses should be given to
simple inquiries by concerned staff member in 3-6 working days as a maximum, and should be
documented and archived as per the relevant procedure. While, more comprehensive measures should
be applied to complex issues, including field investigation and communicating with higher
management for final decisions within a timeframe of 20 working days as a maximum. After the
completion of the proceedings, the complaint is closed, and information is included in the system,
including the action(s) taken and the result(s) required. The complainant shall be notified of the result
and the action immediately and informed of the possibility of objecting to the procedure. See detailed
procedures in the main ESMF report.
In addition to PMO, MOLSA, project offices in governorates, and local sub committees, the World
Bank’s Grievance Redress can also be approached for complaints.
ES.6 – Environmental and Social Impact and Management Framework

The overall risk ranking of ESSRP for environmental and social aspects is “Substantial”. For
component 1, the key social challenge is associated with the process of identification and selection of
working groups among various communities, and the potential resulting conflict which may arise and
cause delays in implementing subproject activities. Others include sustainability and inability to
obtain the necessary business supplies. Land taking or involuntary resettlement is very unlikely,
however, if occurred, encroachers or IDPs would be amongst most affected. Component 1 will also
involve small-scale civil work, which could result in some occupational health issues to the workers.
As for Component 2, risks include insufficient ability and capacity to identify the right beneficiaries,
basically including the poor and vulnerable into the social safety nets.
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The following provides summary impacts and management measures

Table ES.5: E&S Impact and management framework
# Impacts Rating Management

Component 1.1 – Cash for Work program (CfW)
Socio-economic impacts
1 Inflation and price distortion in Negative, moderately - Ascertain wage rates for skilled and unskilled labor
local markets if CfW is not significant, indirect, - keep wages lower than the market rate
monitored appropriately and in the medium - Survey the local economy on a regular basis
and long terms - Consult with other implementing parties
- Make pay rates modalities clear enough to beneficiaries
2 Exploitation and diversion of Negative, moderately - Assess existing levels of corruption and diversion
cash to illegal activities due to significant, indirect, - Adopt the best payment method according to different
mismanagement and corruption and in the short and geographical contexts
medium terms
3 Influence on local cultural Negative, moderately - Raise public awareness on importance of voluntary
norms by changing traditional significant, indirect, work for social cohesion
responses to community needs and in the medium - Promote other running programs
or volunteerism as a result of and long terms - Disseminate information about vulnerable groups in the
CfW intervention community
4 Exclusion of certain vulnerable Negative, highly - Set a proper design for the ease of engaging people
people by providing significant, direct, - Provide enough suitable job opportunities according to
inappropriate type of work for and in the short term needs
elderly, sick, and disabled - Provide enough reach-out and promotional programs
community members
5 Child labor Negative, highly - Increase control over labor market, and put more
significant, direct and stringent employment terms on contractors
indirect, and in the - Enforce punishment against violations
short term
6 Participants may come to view Negative, moderately - Adopt more transparency and provide clearer
CfW as a source of long-term significant, direct and information to target people
employment and rely on CfW indirect, and in the
positions as a primary source of medium and long
income terms
7 Decreased agency and Negative, highly to - Women may work in exclusive female work crews, or
participation of women within moderately be given lighter, socially acceptable tasks
their families and communities significant, direct, - Wages can be disbursed promptly (per-diems), instead
due to women being unable to and in the short and of monthly payments
control over their own incomes medium terms
8 Insufficient financial help due Negative, moderately - Monitor through unannounced visits, field reporting
to discrepancy/ noncompliance significant, direct, - Assess the poor under existing MOLSA’s PMT-based
in the field operations and in the short and registry
medium terms - Adopt a mixed targeting approach, by considering
poorest locations
9 Potential security issues for During construction: - Pay attention to procurement, warehousing and the
both the implementing agency Negative, highly to delivery of supplies and equipment
and the beneficiaries (e.g. risks moderately - Understand and continuously evaluate security risks
of attack, theft, extortion, significant, direct, - Provide enough security measures in the field.
tension) due to poor technical and in the short term
expertise and insecurity, during During operation:
construction minor impacts
10 Potential temporary land During construction: - Prepare site-specific RAP/ ARAP in accordance to
acquisition, relocation of Negative, moderately provisions of OP/BP 4.12
encroachers or IDPs, and to low significant,
interruption or loss of direct and indirect,
livelihood during construction and in the short and
medium terms
During operation:
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minor impacts
Health and safety impacts
11 Occupational health and safety During construction: - Avoid manual transfer of big quantities of materials and
issues (tiredness, slipping, Negative, highly to heavy equipment
falling from heights, stuck by moderately - Implement administrative controls into work processes
objects, electrical shocks, significant, direct, - Implement good house-keeping practices
respiratory problems), during and in the short term - Locate electrical cords and ropes in common areas
construction During operation: - Train and use proper scaffolding and personal fall arrest
minor to no impacts systems
- Use suitable Personal Protective Equipment
- Check equipment for electrical loos, and apply
maintenance only through specialized persons;
- Use electricity-specific PPE
- Avoid assigning tasks to unskilled workers where
specialized expertise required
- Provide training programs on the job
12 Community health and safety During construction: - Provide surveillance and active screening,
issues (pests & diseases, Negative, moderately immunization, and treatment
excavation, dust & noise, heavy significant, direct, - Train health workers in disease treatment
traffic), during construction and in the short and - Provide treatment on-site or in community health care
medium terms facilities
During operation: - Eliminate unusable impounded water
minor to no impacts - Erect suitable and adequate warning signage
- Avoid uncovered piles of aggregates and construction
materials
- Avoid burning waste in worksites
- Avoid or minimize driving through community areas
- Alert drivers on local speed limits
- Collaborate with local communities and responsible
authorities to improve signage and visibility
- Minimize traffic by purchasing from the local markets
Environmental impacts
13 Waste water disposal and solid During construction: - Identify available collection and treatment programs
waste accumulation during Negative, highly to - Establish collection and treatment priorities
construction moderately - Identify opportunities for reduce, reuse, and recycle
significant, direct and - Put procedures and operational controls for on-site
indirect, and in the storage
medium and long - Segregate and pre-treat oil and grease containing
terms effluents,
During operation: - Discharge to sanitary network only after confirming
minor impacts compliance
- Avoid direct contact with wastewater
- Monitor groundwater quality that could exist close to
the working areas
14 Land contamination & During construction: - Minimize steepness of slopes
sediments runoff during Negative, highly to - Re-vegetate if applicable
construction moderately - Design channels and ditches for expected flows
significant, direct and - Modify/ suspend activities during extreme rainfall and
indirect, and in the high winds
medium and long - Segregate or divert clean runoffs from water containing
terms high solids content
During operation: - Monitor groundwater quality
minor impacts
15 Endangering biological life During construction: - Ensure full adherence to the zero-discharge criterion
during construction Negative, moderately - Oblige by legal transportation and dumping of materials
significant, direct and - Stay in contact with the concerned authorities for
indirect, and in the incidents
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short and medium - Raise awareness on the importance of natural life
terms
During operation:
minor to no impacts
Cultural heritage impacts
16 Possible damage to objects of During construction: - Make workers aware of the significance and legal
historical/ cultural value during Negative, moderately liabilities
construction significant, direct, - Put simple and clear instructions in response to chance
and in the short term finds
During operation: no - Liaise with responsible authorities
impacts - Suspend excavation work and promptly communicate
any chance finds
Component 1.2 – Psychosocial services
17 Discrimination among Negative, moderately - Provide health workers, social workers and local
beneficiaries due to ethnicity, significant, direct, volunteers with enough awareness and training
religion, culture, or gender and in the short term - Ensure adequate monitoring during service delivery
- Ensure a proper complaining system and corrective
measures
18 Poor service due to insufficient Negative, moderately - Ensure enough capacity building courses
capacity, cadre, and equipment significant, direct, - Ensure adequate provision of medical and supportive
and in the short and equipment
medium terms - Ensure enough numbers of staff for service receivers
Component 1.3 – Livelihood opportunities
19 Inability to generate income Negative, highly to - Limit chain supplies to the local market as much as
from starting business due to moderately possible
inability to obtain the necessary significant, indirect, - Provide enough promotional information for
supplies in their location, and and in the medium beneficiaries
due to poor demand for their and long terms - Increase marketing campaigns for local products
products and services in their
location
20 Increasing debt burden, if Negative, highly to - Provide technical advice for business owners/ seekers
beneficiaries fail to generate moderately - Provide enough means for marketing
sufficient income to not only significant, indirect, - Enable more relaxed and simplified procedures for
support their family and in the medium debtors
consumption needs, but to also and long terms
pay back the micro‐loan
Component 2 – Resilient Social Safety Nets
21 Potential of excluding poorest Negative, highly to - Establish a strong communication and outreach
and marginalized from SSN moderately programs
significant, indirect, - Provide capacity development to the social workers
and in the medium - Engage public sector and simplify acquisition and flow
and long terms of data
- Upgrade essential platforms
22 Mistakenly excluding some Negative, highly to - Improve targeting and selection systems
poor and vulnerable moderately - Increase capacity building of the working team
beneficiaries as a result of PMT significant, indirect, - Maintain databases up-to-date
errors and misidentification and and in the medium
effectiveness of targeting and long terms
Institutional Arrangements
A Project Management Office (PMO) will be established within the structure of MOLSA to execute
the Project and will report directly to the Office of the Minister of MOLSA. PMO will engage other
key departments within MOLSA structure, one of which is the Public Relations Department (PRD)
that will aim to facilitate communication with the public and Project’s beneficiaries. The PMO will
work closely with the MOLSA Labor and Social Assistance Departments (LSADs) in each
governorate. And will closely coordinate with Local Coordination Committees (LCCs), chaired by the
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Governor in each target governorate. Field operations will be supplemented by Environmental and
Social workers/researchers.
The PMO will also be responsible for documentation, procurement of goods contracting, overall
fiduciary activities. Monitoring & Evaluation and reporting to MOLSA and the World Bank on all
aspects of project implementation.
Training needs
- ESIA requirements and preparation/ sub-project screening/ disclosure
- Overview of the ESMF structure, including list of positive subprojects
- Mitigation and Monitoring measures, implementation and reporting
- Targeting and selection of beneficiaries, record keeping
- Public consultation, design, and operation of complaining systems
- Best Management Practices onsite, environmental, social, and occupational
- Procurement of services and goods
- Customized Occupational Health and Safety
- First aid & Emergency response
- Training on sub-project ESMP preparation, implementation, and reporting
Screening tools and safeguards instrument
As a general rule, No detailed/full ESIA is expected to be required, as activities are most probably
screened as Category B. Nevertheless, No category A‐type sub-projects are allowed within this
ESSRP, and No sub-projects that would trigger any safeguard policy not triggered under the project
are allowed as well. The following are the proposed screening tools:
- Monitoring ESMP Checklist: for sub-projects resulting in relatively low-significance
environmental and social impacts. The checklist represents the minimum E&S requirements
during the implementation phase
- Site-specific ESMP: for sub-projects resulting in relatively medium-significance
environmental and social impacts
- Site-specific ESIA: for sub-projects resulting in relatively high-significance environmental
and social impacts
- ARAP/RAP: for sub-projects and activities resulting in temporary and/or permanent
resettlement activities
The Bank will then review the screening results and accordingly the safeguards relevant instruments
shall be confirmed, prepared, consulted with stakeholders and disclosed. Following clearance of the
safeguards instruments by the Bank and/or GOI, the ESMPs shall be implemented, supervised and
monitored.
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Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Preamble
Iraq has liberated remaining areas from Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) control, including
Mosul. And it is imperative for the government to quickly move back into these areas, and provide
support on the human aspects of the stabilization efforts, with a view towards individual and
community recovery. As such, emphasis is needed on support to returnees including the provision of
cash, short-term employment, and other means of social support to the most vulnerable of these
returnees. The reinstatement of trust between the state and its citizens is highly dependent on the
Government of Iraq’s (GOI) ability to demonstrate its capacity to deliver security, jobs and economic
growth to all Iraqis, with a focus on the poor, the vulnerable and the millions of Internally Displaced
People (IDPs) impacted by the war. Providing them with livelihood opportunities and rapid
employment will be critical and can potentially make a significant contribution to Iraq’s national
recovery and in rebuilding social cohesion.
The GOI has received financial support from the World Bank in the form of a US$200 million loan
for the Iraq Emergency Social Stabilization and Resilience Project (ESSRP) (“Project”), which will be
implemented by the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs (MOLSA) and will span 3 years. ESSRP
will cover the governorates of Ninawa, Anbar, Salahideen, Diyala, Kirkuk, Baghdad and Babel. The
Project development objectives are to: (1) Increase livelihood opportunities in liberated areas; (2)
Increase access to psychosocial services in liberated areas; and (3) Strengthen the systems to expand
the provision of social safety nets.
The Project will provide Cash for Work (CfW) and livelihood opportunities to returning and existing
populations in the liberated areas, as well as other support to address the impact of conflict on the
population. The aim is to encourage stabilization and recovery efforts for those communities, and to
help kick-start economic activity, employment opportunities, and livelihoods. The Project will also
provide services to mitigate psychosocial impacts of the conflict, particularly for men, women, and
children. Furthermore, it will support the establishment of a resilient Social Safety Net (SSN) system,
including development of a robust social registry, strengthening social workers’ infrastructure, and
scaling up the existing Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs) as mitigation measures.
MOLSA will be responsible for implementing the Project. A Project Management Office (PMO) will
be established in MOLSA to execute the Project and will report directly to the Office of the Minister
of Labor and Social Affairs and draw upon resources from MOLSA and the Social Protection
Commission (SPC), as well as hire consultants as needed. The PMO will work closely with the
MOLSA Labor and Social Assistance Department (LSADs) in each of the target governorates. These
LSADs report to the central MOLSA and coordinate closely with local government. A Local
Coordination Committee (LCC) will be established in each target governorate, headed by the
governor and members from sectorial ministries. The LCC will assist in the selection of locations,
type of projects, facilitating access to sites, monitoring, avoiding duplication, and coordinating CfW
activities at the governorate level. LSADs will also recruit consultant staff to support implementation,
particularly as it relates to communications, fiduciary aspects, safeguards, and monitoring and
evaluation. The LSADs will be responsible for facilitating the monitoring of the number of days each
worker has worked on projects and identify constraints to program implementation and take
immediate corrective steps.
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Public sector engagement is vital due to the emergency nature of this activity. With the widespread
damage to infrastructure and substantial economic deterioration and near collapse of many economic
sectors, the private sector is not positioned to be able to provide short‐term livelihood support to poor
and vulnerable households. It will take time for job creation to occur on a broad scale and there are no
actors who can provide income support in the short‐term at a significant scale outside of the state.
1.2 Rationale for Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF)

The Project is classified as Environmental Category "B” according to the provisions of The World
Bank’s OP/BP 4.01 (Environmental Assessment). The safeguards instruments for this project are
prepared in line with the emergency procedures defined by Paragraph 12, Section III, of the Bank
Policy: Investment Project Financing (Projects in Situations of Urgent Need of Assistance or Capacity
Constraints), and the Project has elected to defer preparation of the ESMF to the implementation
stage.
The Project will support CfW to increase access to short‐term employment. Activities to be financed
under these sub‐projects are small scale, including: street sweeping and cleaning, drainage clearance,
painting of public buildings, rehabilitation of recreational spaces, rehabilitation of schools, and other
community buildings. In rural communities, the Project will support brushing of bushes along access
roads, clearing non‐private agricultural land, breaking of rocks for road rehabilitation, cleaning and
replacement of culverts, and drainage clearance along roads.
Potential environmental impacts of the interventions and activities are expected to be minor, site‐
specific, limited, reversible and can be mitigated, which include waste management, dust, noise and
health and safety. Climate and geophysical hazards pose low risk to the Project in the seven
governorates in which the Project will operate.
To ensure proper management of potential environmental impacts that might result from the
implementation of the Project’s activities, an ESMF has been prepared, consulted on, and disclosed
in‐country and on the Bank’s external site.
This ESMF document recommends specific mitigation measures for environmental impacts that may
result from the Projects activities during implementation. The ESMF also includes a screening
checklist against which each sub-project will be screened, and accordingly subsequent environmental
and social assessment instruments ‐ such as a simplified Environmental and Social Management Plan
(ESMP) and checklists, will be prepared and implemented ‐if required before the commencement of
any physical activities of the sub-projects. Additionally, this ESMF document includes institutional
arrangements for the implementation of mitigation measures, the monitoring requirements, the
capacity building needs, and the cost estimates, as well as the provisions to exclude Category A‐type
sub-projects, and those that would trigger any safeguard policy not triggered under the Project. It is
quite important to have site-specific ESMPs cleared through the Iraqi Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) system but fulfilling the requirements of WB’s OP/BP 4.01 at the same time.
Whenever applicable, most stringent provisions by the WB’s safeguards instruments are to be
adopted.
The Project is also expected to have minor socio-economic impacts that will require mitigation
measures and/or resettlement and compensation (if applicable). A Resettlement Policy Framework
(RPF) has been prepared to address any resettlement and/or compensation issues according to WB’s
OP/BP 4.12 (Involuntary Resettlement) and will be implemented prior to commencement of any
investment activities.
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Chapter 2: Project Description
2.1. Iraqi Emergency Social Stabilization and Resilience Project (ESSRP)

The Iraqi Emergency Social Stabilization and Resilience Project (ESSRP) is a 3-year project funded
by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), and implemented by the
Government of Iraq (GOI) through the Iraqi Ministry of Labor Social Affairs (MOLSA). The Project
will cover the governorates of Ninawa, Anbar, Salahideen, Diyala, Kirkuk, Baghdad and Babel. The
following figure shows areas covered by the Project’s interventions. And the subsequent sections will
provide a detailed description of the Project’s components.
Figure 1: Project boundaries (colored)
2.2. Project Development Objectives

The Project Development Objectives (PDOs) are to: (1) Increase livelihood opportunities in liberated
areas; (2) Increase access to psychosocial services in liberated areas; and (3) Strengthen the systems to
expand the provision of social safety nets.
The project will provide CfW and livelihood opportunities to returning and existing populations in the
liberated areas, as well as other support to address the impact of conflict on the population. The aim is
to encourage stabilization and recovery efforts for those communities, and to help kick‐start economic
activity, employment opportunities, and livelihoods. The project will leverage opportunities to
incorporate climate adaptation into the activities being implemented. This will be strengthened by
raising awareness among project beneficiaries about climate change risk and relevant adaptation
measures. The project will leverage trained social workers at MOLSA and closely coordinate with the
Reconstruction Fund as well as sectoral ministries. Delivery mechanisms will seek to leverage
government systems where they exist, and to support the Government in sub‐contracting Non‐
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Governmental Organizations (NGO)/United Nations (UN) Agencies to implement the works program
where necessary.
The project will provide services to mitigate psychosocial impacts of the conflict, particularly for
men, women, and children. Furthermore, it will support the establishment of a resilient social safety
net system, including development of a robust social registry, strengthening social workers’
infrastructure, and scaling up the existing Conditional Cash Transfers (CCTs) as mitigation measures.
The project includes three main components as follows:
Component 1 – Cash for Work, Livelihoods, and Social Support
2.3. Project Components

Component 1 – Cash for Work, Social Support, and Livelihood Opportunities (US$169.95 million)
The main objective of Component 1 is to increase access to short‐term employment in areas affected
by the succession of crises by financing a CfW program, while providing livelihood opportunities for
sustainable stabilization, as well as providing psychosocial services for affected groups’ reintegration.
The component includes three subcomponents: Sub‐component 1.1 ‐ Cash for Work; Sub‐component
1.2 ‐ Psychosocial Support Services; and Sub‐component 1.3 – Livelihood Opportunities. These are
detailed as follows:
Sub‐Component 1.1 – Cash for Work (US$164.5 million)
This sub-component aims to provide targeted cash-for-work support to increase access to short-term
employment in areas affected by the succession of cities. The CfW sub-component will cover the
governorates of Ninawa, Anbar, Salahideen, Diyala, Kirkuk, Baghdad and Babel. The following are
key benefits foreseen from providing a CfW program:
- Providing short-term employment opportunities for large segments of the affected population
and providing economically vulnerable groups with a means to sustain themselves;
- By providing employment, disposable income would rise and thus improve food consumption
among vulnerable groups, including women;
- Helping break debt cycles, which may be exacerbated by the need for immediate cash in this
post-conflict environment;
- Having positive impacts (by the CfW program) on women’s empowerment. Although
contextual, this would enhance ability of women to increase agency and decision-making
authority within their household and the community;
- Simulating a local market recovery by creating short-term work, reintroducing income flow,
supporting local businesses through the purchase of construction materials, and encouraging
households to purchase food and non-food stuff locally;
- Rehabilitating the damaged community assets while maintaining the dignity of the affected
population through meaningful community engagement in the selection and implementation
of projects;
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- Facilitating trade, commerce, and public services, locally and provincially, through restoring
public and road infrastructure, as well as enabling access to resources;
- Increasing social cohesion and community participation and ownership through integrating
women and other marginalized groups in the target governorates, which in turn would ensure
benefits to the community as a whole, and not only to the individual; and
- Restoring public work activities, including, the cleaning and replacement of drainage
structures to handle storm water; clearing of roads and non-private agricultural land, as well
as incorporating practices that would prevent land degradation and soil erosion. These will be
expected to have positive impacts on public health and environment, thus, reinforcing climate
adaptive goals.
Projects of the CfW program will be simple and cannot be imposed on individuals/communities.
Worksite teams would include up to 150 workers and an appropriate number of supervisors per
project. Workers would split into workgroups varying from 20‐50 people, with one leader per
workgroup.
In urban communities, the provision of essential service activities would include: Street sweeping and
cleaning, drainage clearance, painting of public buildings and street walls, painting of crosswalks,
rehabilitation of recreational spaces, rehabilitation of schools, health posts and other community
buildings, and other similar activities. While in rural communities, activities would include brushing
of bushes along access roads, clearing non‐private agricultural land (or for any other purpose that
would serve a community or public need), breaking of rocks for road rehabilitation, cleaning and
replacement of culverts, and drainage clearance along roads, and other similar activities.
Where applicable, the public works and livelihood activities will be designed to promote climate
change resiliency and adaptation measures and will support risk management and promote
opportunities for individuals, while promoting a more climate resilient household and society.
At least 30% of beneficiaries would be women. Needs (geographic, sectoral, etc.) will be determined
based on the Damage Needs Assessment (DNA) currently underway. This arrangement is intended to
increase social cohesion and development of a sense of community participation and ownership.
Work would only proceed once an area is certified to be clear of Unexploded Ordnances (UXOs).
The main design features of the CfW sub‐component will be based on the following principles:
- A wage rate that is at a level that enables self‐selection, while ensuring take‐up into the
program (i.e. above social safety net cash amount, but not high enough that it creates
distortions in the labor market);
- Restrictions on eligibility are to be avoided; a person’s desire to work at the offered wage rate
should be the only requirement for eligibility. If rationing is required (because demand for
work exceeds the budget available at the wage set) then the program should be targeted to
poor areas/districts with high poverty;
- The labor intensity (share of wage bill in total cost) should be as high as possible, consistent
with the quality of assets created. Projects selected for CfW should be such that the share of
labor (including managerial and supervision labor) in total cost is at least 80% or more;
- Wages should be paid within the stipulated time with no payment lags to ensure timely
compensation for work completed;
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- To encourage female participation, the appropriate form of wages is important—for example,

women can benefit from task‐based wages. Transaction costs to the poor should be kept
low—for example, through locating project sites close to villages; and
- Third party oversight is important ‐ social and technical audits are highly recommended. A
credible Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) plan is critical in order to ascertain where the
program is faltering and how to improve its efficiency.
In terms of design elements, the program is expected to operate under the following:
- Wages should typically be around 10‐20% below minimum wage for unskilled labor (~ IQD
250,000), and higher than the social safety net cash assistance (currently IQD 175,000
men/IQD 225,000 women). However, post‐conflict considerations could allow for a higher
rate. The actual amount will be set by the Supreme Committee for Poverty Reduction
Strategy;
- Maintaining these levels would allow for self‐selection, minimizing the need for heavy
outreach; however, given the emergency situation, other considerations need to be made. A
higher rate would inject cash into the local economies, but would also create longer‐term
expectations;
- The work day would be 6‐8 hours for a standard full‐time work day;
- Wage rates should be uniform across urban and rural areas;
- Wages will be paid directly to workers using simple methods (SmartCard, Zain Wallet). Cost
of cards/service should be covered by the program and not the beneficiaries;
- Wages to be paid on regular interventions (monthly or bi‐monthly);
- Selected participants should be 18 years old and above, and able to perform moderate to
intense physical work and able to use tools such as axes, shovels, wheelbarrows, hoes,
hammers, etc.;
- Work is conducted with work teams, ranging from 5 to 150 people, with one supervisor per
25‐50 workers. 30% of total beneficiaries must be women;
- All members of the team will be paid at the same time;
- Work teams would be comprised of members of the same community or individuals who
belong to nearby locations, to enhance social cohesion;
- Duration of employment can vary, either three months or six months maximum per household
member; this would allow for increasing household coverage;
- Households will be registered under the Identification Document (ID) number of the head of
household;
- Two members of the household 18 years of age and above may be registered and may work
on behalf of the household;
- Only one member per household would be allowed to work on any given day. This is to
ensure that household members will have access to, and be able to work outside of the CfW
program when necessary; and
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- Households would be drawn from the poverty database at MOLSA or asked to register at the
governorate social assistance department of MOLSA. All households will be accepted, but
those on the welfare database will be given priority.
The allocation of cash resources by governorate will be based on a formula that provides different
weighting to a combination of four factors: population, number of people below the poverty line,
number of IDPs (from the governorate), and number of returnees (to the governorate). However,
under different scenarios, Ninawa will receive the greatest amount of financial resources, given the
high level of conflict, number of IDPs, and high poverty rate.
This sub‐component will adopt key design features to encourage female participation including
identifying simple projects located closer to homes; ensuring consultation with female groups and
setting a quota at the recruitment stage for a minimum percentage of women in the program;
providing child care facilities and drinking water at project sites, as well as considering adjusting
wage payment modalities to allow more flexibility in coordination of this work with their other social
obligations. This will be monitored and recorded throughout the life of the project.
The CfW program aims to engage with other ministries to address a broad range of sectoral needs. It
will consider activities with the Ministry of Agriculture (MOA) given that agriculture is one of the
priorities of the forthcoming Iraq Country Partnership Framework and has been included in the
recently approved Emergency Operation for Development Project (EODP) Project Additional
Financing. Projects involving unskilled labor‐intensive works will be identified in rural agricultural
communities within the liberated zones. Both men and women will be offered employment schemes
under the CfW. These short‐term interventions will allow farmers to resume their day-to-day activities
as quickly as possible and reinstate their production as soon as possible. These CfW initiatives will go
hand in hand with EODP activities aiming to provide technical support to beneficiaries.
The CfW scheme will also be coordinated with the Ministry of Education (MOE) in their effort to
rehabilitate schools and make them functional to accommodate students at the beginning of the
academic year. It is also in line with EODP that CfW under ESSRP will assist in providing
employment to community members in cleaning up community schools.
Sub-Component 1.2 – Psychosocial Support Services (US$4.95 million)
This sub‐component aims to augment the impact of the immediate cash and CfW program towards
resilience building with Psychosocial Support Services (PSS) to better empower communities to cope
with post-crisis. The ultimate objective of the program is to create an enabling platform for the
vulnerable minority returning IDPs to assist them in their coping mechanisms and to improve their
own self‐care and advocacy skills using available recourses within their communities.
Additionally, this sub‐component will increase access to Mental Health and Psychosocial Support
Services (MHPSS) for returnees affected by the conflict in the governorates of Salahideen, Anbar,
Diyala, and Ninawa, and strengthen the operational capacity of the system and providers to deliver
quality services.
Expected benefits from this intervention include:
Through this program, the psychosocial support services would help impacted individuals and
communities to heal the psychological wounds and rebuild social structures post-crisis:
- It would help change people into active survivors rather than passive victims;
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- These are urgent services that, if provided early and adequately, would prevent distress and
suffering developing into something more severe; help people cope better and become
reconciled to everyday life; help beneficiaries to resume their normal lives; and meet
community-identified needs;
- Social cohesion would be increased through community and community-based organizations’
participation; and
- Individual and institutional capacities would be stronger in the sector, for service provision
and for managing emergencies in the longer term.
This sub‐component will adopt the MHPSS framework developed by Inter‐Agency Standing
Committee (IASC) on MHPSS in emergency settings. The framework consists of an intervention
pyramid (figure below) with a multi‐layered support system encompassing several support levels to
meet the needs of various population groups. This approach supports integration across services and
quality improvement in service provision. While there are four basic levels of activities with referral
in between, interventions in this project will focus on levels two and three of the pyramid focusing on
community and family support (Level 2) as well as focused non‐specialized services (Level 3).
Examples
Mental health care by mental health

specialists (Psychiatric nurse,
psychologist, psychiatrist, etc.)
Specialized
Services
Basic mental health care by PHC Focused

doctors. Basic emotional and (person-to-person)
practical support by community non-specialized
workers. supports
Activating social networks Strengthening community

Communal traditional supports
and family supports
Supportive child-friendly spaces
Social consideration in
Advocacy for basic services that are basic services and
safe, socially appropriate and
protect dignity security
Figure 2: IASC Guidelines Intervention Pyramid
To ensure synergy and integration of services, this sub‐component will adopt a multi‐sectoral
approach where interventions are implemented in coordination with relevant ministries namely,
MOLSA, MOH&Env, and MOE. Moreover, to bridge the supply gap and ensure rapid interventions,
implementation of the PSS sub‐component activities will be contracted to UN agencies, NGOs, or
other implementing agencies currently operating on the ground. The World Bank in collaboration
with the Government of Iraq will set the criteria for selection of these implementing agencies based
on technical and managerial expertise and the capacity to mobilize resources in a timely manner.
To adequately address the above, the program adopts a three‐key pronged approach; (1) Rapid PSS
interventions to increase service provision to people in immediate need for help; (2) Focused capacity
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building in MHPSS through hands‐on training tailored to the different providers; and (3) Policy
dialogue with the GOI to develop a medium to long‐term strategy on violence. To this end, the
program will be implemented through three main interventions as follows:
Intervention 1: Scaling up the provision of MHPSS services (US$3.45 million)
This intervention builds and scales up ongoing MHPSS provided by the public sector, UN agencies
and NGOs working on the ground to reach a larger number of beneficiaries and meet the growing
needs of returnees. The project is expected to reach at least: (a) 400,000 women, men, boys and girls
with direct MHPSS; (b) 15,000 indirect women, girls, men and boys targeted for MHPSS education
messages; and (c) 500 health and social workers through capacity building and training. More
specifically, this intervention will:
- Increase the provision of non‐specialized MHSS services in health institutions. Given the
significant gap in MHPSS, this sub‐component will complement the public sector through
contracting with UN agencies and NGOs operating on the ground. This supply side
intervention will expand the entry points to reach out to a larger number of people in need and
generate demand for services. Possible entry points to MHPSS are Primary Health Care
(PHC) centers, reproductive health centers, community centers, youth centers, schools and
orphanages. This includes establishing safe community spaces for women and children.
Community centers will provide a range of services and activities such as public health
outreach, vocational training support groups to returnees, and legal services.
- Strengthen community outreach and family support. The PSS sub‐component will finance
community‐based activities to engage individuals and communities in promoting their own
wellbeing and to identify individuals and groups that may need more targeted attention and
refer them to the appropriate resources. The conflict in Iraq has significantly impacted the
social structure among returnees, leading to major disruptions of family and community
networks. To foster psychosocial wellbeing and social cohesion, services provided at the
institutional level in the target governorates (hospitals, PHC centers, community centers, etc.),
will be complemented by community outreach initiatives and home visits delivered by a
network of social and health workers as well as community volunteers trained in PSS.
- Scale up the integrated MHPSS‐GBV centers. Survivors of Gender‐based Violence (GBV)
among returnees in the target governorates have significant mental health and psychosocial
problems that can be addressed at the community level, through targeted interventions, or in
health care settings. This intervention will focus on community level activities and will
finance the operation of additional integrated MHPSS‐GBV centers. Provision of MHPSS and
anti‐stigma interventions is key to the GBV response to prevent mental health or psychosocial
problems and to ensure the rehabilitation and reintegration of survivors of violence into
society.
Intervention 2: Build capacities for non‐socialized MHPSS at health institutions (US$1 million)
The provision of MPHSS services will be accompanied with a capacity building plan. Training
activities will be targeted to meet the needs of trainees at different levels. The training will target
health providers (General Practitioners, nurses, health workers), social workers, and community
volunteers. Competencies acquired in the training program include: age‐appropriate communication
for behavior change, identification and case management, screening GBV cases and referrals.
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Intervention 3: Policy Dialogue (US$0.5 million)
This intervention will focus on engaging with the GOI in policy dialogue to develop a long‐term
response to post‐conflict mental health needs. This includes strengthening mental health and
protection policies to ensure the well‐being of vulnerable populations through community and family
support and access to appropriate care. The project will contribute to maintaining the commitment of
MOH&Env and MOLSA to deliver MHPSS services to the vulnerable population and build a central ‐
level strategy to implement a MHPSS program.
Sub‐Component 1.3 – Livelihoods Opportunities (US$500,000)
This sub‐component will support opportunities for improving livelihoods through the existing
income‐generating fund at MOLSA, governed under Law 10 of 2012 “Economic Empowerment
through Income Generating Projects”. The sub-component will include two parts:
- Provision of technical assistance to MOLSA to support enhancements to the existing

microfinance program, in terms of sustainable products, back office systems, and loan
portfolio monitoring, while minimizing distortions to the private microfinance sector; and
- Provision of microfinance to beneficiaries to carry out income generating activities, which
would only be capitalized through a potential project restructuring to reallocate funds from
sub‐component 1.1, contingent upon MOLSA meeting guidelines indicated in Section III,
Paragraph 15 of the Bank Policy: Investment Project Financing (Projects Involving Financial
Intermediaries), and subject to World Bank approval. No funds are allocated to this part of
Sub‐component 1.3. Once this Sub‐component is capitalized (subject to the preceding points),
microfinance will be provided to beneficiaries in accordance with the agreed Project
Operation Manual (POM).
Expected benefits under this sub-component:
The livelihoods focused financing activities are aimed at households without employment, and low
levels of income. These activities are intended to help those with skills to generate immediate income
through obtaining funds to acquire the assets and working capital needed to start or reactivate a small
business. Individuals below the poverty line, the unemployed, and returnees with vocational skills
have the ability to generate income through self‐employment but lack the capital to start their own
businesses. In many cases, they lost their tools of trade when they were displaced and need additional
funds for startup costs such as leasing a shop front, hiring new workers or for working inventory.
This sub-component will target returnees and existing populations in the bottom quintile of the
MOLSA welfare database, and those registered in MOLSA’s unemployment database in the
governorates of Ninawa, Anbar, and Salahideen. Key decisions such as type and level of sustainable
microfinance provisions (including a mix of loans and grants linked to welfare status), loan product
design, policies and procedures for loan issuance, pricing, portfolio monitoring, loan and financial
management systems, pilot program promotion, client appraisal and selection, the determination of
the interest rate charged to microbusinesses, repayment requirements, and loan maturity, will be
included in the POM, and would only be revised or adjusted in agreement with the World Bank and in
line with the project’s Loan Agreement.
The project therefore embraces a comprehensive approach, complementing existing poverty-targeted

cash transfers administered by MOLSA, and scaling a productive CfW program, and then
transitioning to provision of livelihood opportunities through the income‐generating facility
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administered by Department of Employment and Loans (DOEL) at MOLSA. The technical assistance
which will be provided under this sub-component will entail the following: (1) Undertaking a rapid
market assessment; (2) Enhancing management information systems; and (3) Developing business
support services at DOEL. The sub-component will support MOLSA in managing the microfinance
fund based on sound practices that would ensure adequate outreach, sustainability, and impact. The
implementation of this program will leverage existing legal framework, which would be also
consistent with paragraph 15, Section III, of the Bank Policy: Investment Project Financing (Projects
Involving Financial Intermediaries). Therefore, the program will take into account the context of the
liberated areas, and not crowding out private sources of microfinance.
According to the Economic Empowerment Law 10 of 2012, the range of the loan is IQD 3‐20 million
(US$2,500‐16,500), and the average is IQD 8 million (US$6,500). Microfinance internal reviews
ensure loans do not exceed the values set in the Law. The DOEL, as required by legal regulations,
follows specific loan issuance procedures:
1. The applicant submits the application electronically by entering their information using a
web-based application system and uploads any required official documents by selecting the
relevant governorate and the nearest loan branch unit (25 branch units in governorates,
excluding KRG, and nine in Baghdad);
2. Verification of applicant information on the social protection network and women’s
department databases to ensure no other loans or cash transfers are provided to the applicants;
3. The branch unit at the governorate reviews the request and provides provisional approval. All
requests are submitted to MOLSA central offices in hard copy for final approval (online
material is also available to be verified by officials in Baghdad);
4. Once all requests are received by DOEL, they are centrally checked and audited before final
approval is granted;
5. Loan file is forwarded to fund management – loan issuance is affected after documentation is
approved by the Vice President of the Microfinance Fund; and
6. Loan file is audited by internal audit, and loan is issued by check from accounting.
Expected indicative resource allocation under Sub‐component 1.3, part (a) is presented in the table
below. No funds would be allocated to Sub‐component 1.3(b), as indicated above.
Table 1: Indicative Resource Allocation – Livelihood Opportunities

Activity Total cost in USD
Rapid Market Assessment 150,000
Management Information System (MIS) Enhancement 250,000
Development of Business Support Services 100,000
Total 500,000
Component 2 – Resilient Social Safety Nets (US$18.10 million)
to assist poor/vulnerable groups and build resilience to shocks effectively and efficiently. International
experience has shown an increased recognition of the role of adaptive social safety net in recent years
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which places an enhanced focus on household resilience building and responsiveness of SSN
programs. More specifically, this component aims to:
- Set up design parameters of an effective national safety net system which in the medium‐and
long‐term would protect households in the absence of shocks, but which could also be scaled
up in times of crisis. The design will build on the MOLSA database generated using the Proxy
Means‐Testing (PMT) methodology;
- Contribute to the establishment of the unique registry of vulnerable individuals and
households that will allow all social programs to identify and target their beneficiaries more
efficiently. MOLSA will ensure coordination and interaction with other governmental bodies
providing any schemes of social assistance; and
- Scale up CCT program linked to households’ compliance with co‐responsibilities in education
and health, incentivizing a greater use of education and health services, and therefore, develop
the human capital of these households.
This component will promote the resilience of SSN programs by supporting the move towards more
dynamic and adaptive systems while ensuring the following considerations:
- Setting up a strong institutional framework for social protection policy in line with the
comprehensive reform the GOI is undertaking through the implementation of the Iraq Social
Protection Strategic Roadmap. This will be key for setting up a safety net system;
- Continuous access for inclusion and coverage through dynamic targeting system;
- Tools for on‐demand entry with active outreach and communication strategy;
- Protocols and tools for active updating, regular recertification and self‐reporting; and
- Strengthened tools for oversight, controls and monitoring.
As such, the following positive impacts are foreseen:
- Reducing poverty and inequality through boosting economic growth, with more inclusion of
the poorest and marginalized groups;
- Increasing benefits for existing program members and extending coverage to new members;
- Increasing outreach capacities of MOLSA’s staff and system for more SSN coverage; and
- Enhancing children grow up and longer staying in schools. The CCT program will increase
the human capital of children in poor and displaced families.
The component will follow eight stages along the “life of the case” delivery chain including:
1. Identification and Outreach. Further develop the current information system within MOLSA
to record and process information on safety nets, to provide a foundation for policy design,
and finding and informing the “potential beneficiaries” about social assistance benefits and
services;
2. Intake & Registration. Consolidate and expand the information base for the SSN program to
develop effective targeting strategies; collecting information to register potential beneficiaries
into the system. Such information can include: personal and household identifying
information (including unique IDs), socio‐economic information, and other information on
needs and conditions. Introduce innovative approaches using information systems and
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targeting in the form of a conflict/post conflict‐sensitive monitoring arrangement that includes

the use of Global Positioning System (GPS) technology, real‐time data flows and third‐party
monitoring. Strengthening the current poverty-based targeting to one that captures conflict‐
related vulnerabilities (returnees, IDP, female headed households, youth, and the chronic
poor);
3. Assessment (or “screening”). Support the design and implementation of M&E systems for the
expanded SSN program, assessing the needs and conditions of clients of SA programs for the
purposes of determining eligibility and enrollment in specific program(s);
4. Enrollment. Determining eligibility based on qualifying information gathered (via intake) and
assessed according to needs and conditions – as compared to eligibility criteria for a specific
program;
5. Determination of Benefits. Determining and informing benefit amounts (for cash programs),
service needs (depending on specific service being delivered), or conditions of participation;
6. Supporting Payment Transactions. Supporting actual “transactions” of making cash
payments, providing in‐kind benefits, or delivering specific services based on profiling of
beneficiaries and demand;
7. Case Management. The process through which social workers plan, manage, monitor and
report on benefits and services to eligible clients. Social workers in one or multiple programs
(or agencies) can coordinate their efforts through teamwork or cross‐program referrals, thus
expanding the range of services offered to any one client; and
8. Case Outcomes. Measuring, monitoring, and reporting on compliance with eligibility criteria
and procedures, performance goals, and client outcomes.
These eight stages will also be introduced into the training module of social workers. The scope of
work of social workers would be expanded to include case management at both the CCT and the
social assistance programs levels.
Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM)
The component will also build on further developing the GRM used by MOLSA. This GRM extends
to the overall work of MOLSA particularly on cash transfers (CT) and will be extended further to
cover the Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) pilot project. The GRM comes in as an integral part of a
Citizen Engagement (CE) modality that supports the communication strategy of MOLSA, the
introduction of new behavioral insights (currently under testing within the pilot CCT) and the GRM.
Engaging in this integrated approach with beneficiaries improves the efficiency of MOLSA services,
thus increasing trust, and improves the interaction between beneficiaries, building towards social
acceptance and reconciliation.
Scaling up CCT
This component will build on the progress achieved in the CCT pilot project being implemented in
Baghdad‐Sadr 2. The monitoring mechanism will examine specific indicators involving the
enrollment of beneficiaries, compliance with co‐responsibilities and case management. The level of
timely coordination between the concerned ministries will be evaluated. Based on these elements, the
plan for scaling up will be designed. This would require identification of areas characterized by the
three main requirements: extreme poverty with households enrolled in the MOLSA database of
beneficiaries, high rates of school dropouts, mainly among girls, and areas with prevalent high infant
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and maternal mortality rates. These areas will be selected by the joint steering committee. Based on
which, the scoping of the available service infrastructure will be completed. Ensuring the availability
and efficiency of educational and health services is key for the initiation and success of the CCT
intervention.
The scaling up will need to be based on a phased approach, to allow MOLSA, MOH&Env and MOE
to build their capacities. This will also require establishing adequate collaboration with regional
authorities as part of the decentralization process. The launch of CCT programs in governorates will
require a high political commitment centrally and locally. For this, one of the key requirements for
scaling up would be the willingness of the local authorities to commit and support the program. This
would require a uniform and coherent approach with clear messages that would strengthen the
credibility of the state and which would reflect a national approach that aims at building social
cohesion.
Component 3 – Project Management (US$4.605 million)
that the project is successfully and efficiently implemented in conformity with the Project Appraisal
Document. The component will finance: (a) project management office specialized staff (central and
at governorates, as needed) and equipment; (b) supervision, operating costs, audits, and M&E; and (c)
a communications and awareness campaign.
a. PMO: The project will finance contracts for consultants to support the PMO at MOLSA, and
specialized staff to be recruited at the Local Social Assistance Departments in the
Governorates. In addition, the project will finance necessary equipment to support project
management activities.
b. Supervision, operating costs, external audits, and M&E: The project will finance costs
associated with four supervision missions (during the project’s first year of implementation)
that may take place in Baghdad or reverse missions outside of Baghdad, in a location to be
determined jointly with the World Bank, in addition to regular operating costs for the
PMO/LSADs. The project will also finance internal and external audits, as well as monitoring
and evaluation activities.
Two key dimensions of the program are described as follows:
1. Communications
This is targeting IDPs, from different religious and ethnic backgrounds, who have been returning to
the liberated areas in Iraq. Rebuilding their homes and restoring their lives in devastated areas will not
only require manual labor and financial resources, but also trust with the GOI. Eliminating
communication barriers between the state and the people is key in the process of enhancing
accountability and transparency, thus, establishing a new social contract. The ESSRP will ensure
community participation throughout the different stages of the project, and will include the following:
- Public meetings for target populations to raise awareness and the operating procedures as
outlined in the POM;
- Selection of public works through community‐based participatory planning processes to
ensure that the works are valuable to the community in general and aim to balance competing
needs among communities;
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- Posting of program budget, public works plan, salary levels, and list of beneficiaries in public
locations to ensure that all community members are fully informed of program objectives and
procedures;
- Dissemination of clear guidance to follow to submit complaints and grievances redress
mechanisms; and
- Communicating with citizens on the importance of the ESSRP ‐ how it will impact their lives
through the early stages of the reconstruction phase, and what benefits they will reap from
this cash assistance program; that it is critical and reinstates confidence in such a way that
does not succumb to the challenges of the old social contract. A two‐way communication
stream is equally essential, particularly in view of the devastating effect of the conflict on the
returning IDPs, and specifically children and youth groups.
The project will support the development and implementation of a comprehensive communications
campaign, and will finance communication instruments to be used to achieve the overall
communications and awareness raising objectives, which will include:
- Media Kit (brochures/flyers with key messages, press releases, contact info);
- Convene a series of dedicated communal/group sessions to build and strengthen dialogue;
- Establish information centers;
- Schedule individual awareness raising and information sessions;
- Identify and train diverse groups of “trusted” spokespersons to act as ambassadors for the
project;
- Dedicated web site with relevant contact details for information centers within ministries/
public offices, as well as social media outreach (Facebook, Twitter, etc.);
- Publish articles and op‐eds in local newspapers to advocate the benefits of the project; and
- Organize a series of TV/radio interviews for visual outreach.
2. Gender Focus
The ESSRP aims to reinstate social stabilization from every possible angle to ensure a sound process
of rebuilding lives and bolstering livelihoods. It seeks to contribute to the regeneration of hope and
confidence among returnees who have shouldered the brunt of a damaging conflict. Statistics indicate
that vulnerable groups face additional challenges beyond the devastation of conflict. Women are even
more susceptible to experience further fragility, if not cushioned and empowered through social
programs and safety net policies that take into consideration their specific conditions (religious,
cultural, social, and domestic, etc.). Since gender equality and women’s empowerment are placed at
the center of the development agenda, Government policies and programs should be devised to
promote increased female economic participation, an approach which reinforces smart economics.
The CfW program is a first step towards restoring hope and reactivating manual effort for unskilled
labor. Female participation in such labor schemes is one of the main issues to be addressed early on
during the process of recovery and reconstruction. Since female headed households are prone to
increase in number in times of conflict, providing women with the necessary opportunities for
rebuilding their lives leads not only to comprehensive social and economic recovery, but also to
sustainable development.
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A suggested list of specific labor programs tailored for women’s conditions and needs are suggested
as follows:
- Training of trainers in areas related to basic nursing and assisting groups with special needs
(physically handicapped persons, persons with severe war injuries, caring for the elderly,
etc.);
- Handicrafts such as sewing and embroidery, particularly producing (basic) winter clothes for
IDPs/returnees, including children who are in need;
- Farming and agriculture, which contributes to rural development and food security;
- Producing homemade food to be sold in local market, or which could be provided as meals to
members of the cash‐for‐work program; and
- Managing children’s daycare centers.
Encouraging innovative initiatives must also be included in the program design, to incentivize youth
groups to generate ideas that could eventually contribute to larger development schemes, and
consequently, higher growth. The cost breakdown for Component 3 is shown in the table below:
Table 2: Allocations of Component 3

Sub‐component Total Cost (3 Years) in
USD million
Project Management Office 1.6
Supervision, operating costs, 1.4
external audits, and M&E
Communications 1.6
Total 4.0
The Project will also include an amount of US$7.345 million in contingency costs.
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2.4. ESSRP Implementation Timetable

The Project will be implemented in three years. The following is a proposed schedule for carrying out
key components:
Table 3: Proposed time schedule for implementing ESSRP

Component 1 – CfW, Social Support, and Livelihood Opportunities
First twelve months Design of the CfW and Livelihood Support Program
Initiation of the CfW program in the selected governorates
MHPSS Initiatives
12‐24 months Implementation and Monitoring of the CfW and Livelihood
support program
Post‐conflict Strategy for Violence
Component 2 – Resilient SSN
First twelve months Poverty program implementation
CCT pilot program (implementation and evaluation)
12‐24 months Poverty program scale-up
CCT Pilot scale-up
Component 3 – Project management: Throughout Project implementation (36 months)
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Chapter 3: Environmental and Social Settings
3.1. Physical Environment

Climate
Iraq has a hot, dry climate characterized by long, hot, dry summers and short, cool winters. The
climate is influenced by Iraq's location between the subtropical aridity of the Arabian Desert areas and
the subtropical humidity of the Persian Gulf. January is the coldest month, with temperatures from
5°C to 10°C, and August is the hottest month with temperatures rising up to 30°C and more.
In most of the areas, summers are warm to hot with mostly sunshine. In Baghdad – for example – it is
arid with very hot and completely dry summers and cold winters having some rain. The mean
maximum temperature in July and August is about 43°C, but during heat waves the temperature
shoots up to 49°C. Dust storms are common in summer. High temperature and winds combine to
cause very high evaporation, about 10 mm per day during June, July, and August. The winter is chilly
with mean minimum temperature of 4.5°C in December and January but the minimum temperature
drops to -7°C during cold waves which are experienced intermittently during December and January.
In other areas of the project boundaries, climate is almost similar, daily temperatures can be very hot
and heat exhaustion is very likely. As the area is bordered by deserts mostly in the west, hot, dry
desert winds can be very strong sometimes, and can cause violent sandstorms.
The summer months are marked by two kinds of wind phenomena. The southern and southeasterly
Sharqi, a dry, dusty wind with occasional gusts of 80 kilometers per hour, occurs from April to early
June and again from late September through November. It may last for a day at the beginning and end
of the season but for several days at other times. This wind is often accompanied by violent dust
storms that may rise to heights of several thousand meters and close airports for brief periods. From
mid-June to mid-September the prevailing wind, called the Shamal, is from the north and northwest. It
is a steady wind, absent only occasionally during this period. The very dry air brought by this Shamal
permits intensive sun heating of the land surface, but the breeze has some cooling effect.
About 70% of the average rainfall in the country falls between November and March; June through
August are often rainless. Rainfall varies from season to season and from year to year. Precipitation is
sometimes concentrated in local, but violent storms, causing erosion and local flooding, especially in
the winter months.
There are 40 meteorological stations installed and operated across Iraq. More specific meteorological
data on targeted governorates can be retrieved by contacting the Iraqi Meteorological Organization
and Seismology/ Ministry of Transport (www.meteoseism.gov.iq) or approaching global weather
information portals for areas close to the geographical location of the sub-project (see:
https://geographic.org/global_weather/iraq/index.html#B). However, data found may not cover the
time period desired for a given site, therefore, onsite measurements should be pursuit using mini-
stations, or handheld devices, for measuring rainfall, moisture, wind direction, temperature, etc.
Air quality
As for air pollution, Baghdad city – for example – Is severely impacted by air pollutants, mostly
emitted by mobile sources, industrial activities, and private generators. Total Suspended Particles
(TSP) concentrations measured at two districts of the city (Al-Sadr and Al-Doura) revealed very high
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rates. PM10 is estimated at 64 μg/m3 at 20 feet of altitude, while PM2.5 was estimated at 10,410
μg/m3 at 20 feet (Khanjer et. al, 2014). The table below gives a clue about air pollutants in Baghdad.
Table 4: Concentrations of major air pollutants in Baghdad (Jan – Mar 2014)

Name of station Type of station CO (ppm) CO2 (ppm) TSP (μg/m3) Wind m/s
Sadr city Residential 42.7 315 3,246 1.3
Doura city Residential 25.5 345 2,333.1 1.5
Air quality indicators were further investigated for the “average annual amount of falling dust” in the
seven targeted governorates. The Central Statistical Organization (CSO, 2014) has published the
following values measured in 2012.
Table 5: Average annual amounts of falling dust in 7 governorates – 2012

Governorate Baghdad Salahideen Ninawa Anbar Diyala Kirkuk Babel
Falling dust 29 64 13 63 34 45 47
(g/m2/yr)
Source: cso 2014
High rates of air pollutants in Iraq can be attributed to many reasons:
- High numbers of vehicles in general, including old vehicles that still make up a large
proportion, as well as the use of fuel that does not meet the environmental specifications for
transport and traffic;
- Citizens tend to burn their waste in open air, instead of using municipal collection systems;
- Overcutting trees, forests, and palm trees in particular, to cover various needs for fuel, which,
in turn, reduces green areas;
- Waste accumulation, and sewage effluents, leading to the release of gases that contribute to
air pollution;
- Industries emitting pollutants to the environment;
- Air pollution caused by the oil sector: this includes attacking pipelines and fire outbreaks, and
the non-compliant process of flaring petroleum by-products; and
- Lacking enough air treatment systems in most power plants.
Noise
On another hand, road traffic is considered the most significant source of noise in Baghdad (Jaleel,
2014). To have a clue about noise problem, measurements (according to Jaleel) were conducted in the
vicinity of three hospitals in Baghdad city: Al-Wasity, Al-Elwayia, and Zayed. Results showed that
noise level reached 92 dB(A) three meters away from the traffic lane at all hospital locations during
daily hours (7:30AM to 2:30PM), which was beyond the permissible limit set by WHO guides.
Emissions
With regard to Green House Gases (GHGs) emissions from human activities in Iraq, the World
Bank’s yearly reports (1970-2012) have shown that the Kt of CO2 Equivalent data was reported at
24,351.17 in Dec 2012. This records an increase from the previous number of 24,112.44 kt for Dec
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2011. Worth noting is that Methane emissions, expressed as Kt of CO2 Equivalent data for Iraq is
updated on yearly basis, and averaging 21,376.80 kt from Dec 1970 to 2012, with 43 observations.
The data reached an all-time high of 32,077.90 kt in 1979 and a record low of 11,188.60 kt in 1991.
At the national level, the GOI has reported that the increase percentage of GHG emissions was
1.758% in 2015 compared to 1.621% in 2014.
More information on air quality and noise can be obtained through contacting Air Quality Department
at the Ministry of Health and Environment, and surveys conducted thereof, as well as statistics
released by the Central Statistical Organization. Additionally, site-specific interventions should seek
ongoing monitoring of noise levels throughout construction periods (for site-specific sub-projects)
using handheld devices where construction work is expected to result in rising levels of noise and
emissions. This information should comprise an integral part of the Environmental and Social
Management Plan, where monitoring the physical environment hygiene is critical.
Water resources
Groundwater resources in Iraq account for 0.9 BCM annual. And cover the needs of around 64,000 ha
of agricultural lands all around the country. A long time ago, the Iraqi government has drilled
thousands of deep wells to cover the needs where surface water is not available. Artesian water has
been widely used to supplement irrigation in winter and to irrigate vegetables in summer, in addition
to supplying both urban and rural populations with potable water. Other domestic usage includes
watering livestock.
Good quality subterranean water could be found in the foothills of the northeastern mountains (only 5
– 50m deep). While water tables could also be found in the semi-flat terrain of central Iraq, at
relatively higher levels (300m deep).
Currently, groundwater abstraction can be achieved from within the western bank of Euphrates basin,
at nearly 13m3/s. Nevertheless, water found there is found of high salinity (more than 1 mg/l) and
increasing its salinity until reaching estuaries to the south-east. The following table presents amounts
of water production through water projects, including the per capita amount, in the seven governorates
for year 2012
Table 6: Water production and per capita share in 7 governorates – 2012

Water production 1,014 238 334 395 168 242 285
(million m3/year)
Avg. per capita (m3/day) 0.520 0.452 0.272 0.677 0.311 0.464 0.419
Source: cso 2014
Water tables in Baghdad, for instance, are contained in relatively permeable layers, which would
therefore increase possibility of cross-contamination by activities above the ground surface. Quality of
groundwater in Baghdad, is in continuous degradation due to intensive usage of fertilizers, seepage of
contaminants through soil, intensive discharge of industrial and sanitary wastewaters to land and river,
illegal commissioning of cesspits, and others.
Iraq continues to face many problems of poor water quality, resulting from the discharge of sewage
from wastewater treatment plants (due to aging, inadequate efficiency and/or capacity) as well as from
open channels (Mabazel) to water bodies. In addition to industrial wastewater that are returned to the
rivers without enough treatment.
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Similar to what was mentioned above, monitoring of water quality around worksites, and downstream
would comprise an important part of the ESMP for the site-specific sub-project. Water quality data
should be continuously monitored through using monitoring devices, and should be interpreted
against baseline information for possibly affected water bodies in the area. Quality information can be
retrieved from concerned authorities, for instance water monitoring laboratories at relevant
municipalities, in addition to coordination with the Ministry of Water Resources for historical records.
Solid waste
Iraq is estimated to produce 31,000 tons of solid waste every day with per capita waste generation
exceeding 1.4 kg per day. Baghdad alone produces more than 1.5 million tons of solid wastes each
year (EcoMENA, 2016). Solid waste mismanagement problems remain also of great concern in Iraq,
as systems are very old, adding to that collection services are only limited to urban areas within the
municipality administrative boundary. Landfills are lacking enough environmental engineering
measures, which leads to increasing emissions to the atmosphere and causing further contamination to
land and water resources. The National Solid Waste Management Plan was developed in 2007, which
sets out many principles for developing the sector, of which responsibilities of waste producers, well-
defining the waste hierarchy, and adopting best practicable environmental options are key success
factors. Specific information on solid waste management (collection programs, designated landfilling
locations, local procedures for disposal of hazardous waste, etc.) in targeted governorates can be
obtained from relevant municipalities, including the Ministry of Municipalities and Public Works.
More statistical and background data on the sector can also be found through the Central Statistical
Organization.
3.2. Biological Environment

Terrestrial Ecosystems
There are several primary and secondary ecoregions belonging to the Palearctic Realm that make up
the terrestrial ecosystems of Iraq. The five primary ecoregions that make up the bulk of Iraq include:
- Tigris‐Euphrates alluvial salt marsh;

- Arabian Desert and East Sahero‐Arabian Xeric Shrublands;
- Mesopotamian Shrub Desert;
- Middle East Steppe; and
- Zagros Mountains Forest Steppe.
In addition, small portions of the following ecoregions can also be found in Iraq:
- Eastern Mediterranean conifer‐sclerophyllous‐broadleaf forest;

- Red Sea Nubo‐Sindian Tropical Desert and Semi‐Desert;
- South Iran Nubo‐Sindian Desert and Semi‐Desert; and
- Gulf Desert and Semi‐Desert
The following map shows key Ecoregions/ Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) and their
distribution within governorates of Baghdad, Salahideen, Ninawa, Anbar, Diyala, Kirkuk,
and Babel
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Figure 3: Distribution of Ecoregions in Iraq according to Project areas
Freshwater Ecosystems
The World Wildlife Fund & the Nature Conservancy also defined major freshwater ecoregions and
have identified 426 units worldwide. The Lower Tigris and Euphrates River Basins are included
because they, and the extensive network of marsh habitats that form at their southernmost end, are
among the most important wetland ecosystems of the world associated with these two major rivers.
This system also contains a series of large reservoirs, several of which have been designated as
Important Birds Areas (IBAs) by BirdLife International including the following lakes:
- Dukan: in Al-Sulaimanyeh, located 55 km northwest of the city of Sulaimani city.

- Darbandikhan: in Al-Sulaimanyeh governorate, located 60 km southeast of Sulaimani city
- Mosul: in Duhok governorate, located 24 km southwest of Dohuk city
- Tharthar: northwest of Baghdad, including administrative border of Salahideen, and Anbar
- Razaza: northern karbal, right on the border with Anbar.
The Tigris River is one of the largest rivers of the Middle East stretching for over 1,900 km, of which
1,415 km are within Iraq. Tributaries include:
- The Greater Zab River, originating in the mountains of the Kurdistan ridge;
- The Rawanduz River, joining the Tigris River 159 km from the outfall, and the Kazir River at
33 km, are the largest tributaries. The total river length is 473 km. The two rivers join the
Greater Zab first and Tigris River later at 1,161 km from the outfall;
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- The Lesser Zab River originates in Iran in the Zagros Ridge. Within the territory of Iraq, the
river runs along the Rania Valley. The total river length is 456 km. The Lesser Zab joins the
Tigris River 1,046 km from its outfall;
- The Adhaim River originates at the confluence of the Taukchai, Arou, and Kazachai Rivers.
The river runs only within Iraq. The river length is 230 km; and
- The Diyala River originates on the southeast spurs of the Zagros Ridge. Within Iraq it
receives considerably large tributaries: the Tanjero and Limkana; the Abbasan and Aiwend
Rivers downstream; and the Dewana River from the right side.
The earthen Mosul Dam was completed in the early 1980s on the Tigris River upstream of the city of
Mosul in the governorate of Ninawa. It is the largest dam in Iraq, with a total capacity of 11 billion
cubic meters of water.
The Euphrates River originates in the mountains of Turkey on the Armenian plateau. It is formed by
the confluence of two rivers: the Karasy River and the Murad River. The total length of the Euphrates
River from the source of the Murad River to its confluence with the Tigris River is 2,940 km, 1,159
km of which runs within Iraq. The lakes in central Iraq (e.g. Tharthar Lake) were saline depressions
that were converted to store water for flood control and now support a fish fauna.
Biodiversity
Biodiversity in Iraq can be discussed at many levels. However, three specific types of species relate to
the global importance of Iraqi biodiversity could be highlighted for the sake of this framework. These
include:
- Migratory species ‐species for which Iraq is important during one point of their life cycle
when they migrate through Iraq;
- Endemic or semi‐endemic species ‐ species that are unique to Iraq or regional ecosystems
found in Iraq; and
- Species endangered, threatened, or vulnerable to extinction.
Fauna
The International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Endangered Species
provides conservation status on many species (both migratory and endemic) that are facing declines
and potentially extinction through its on‐line Red List (www.iucnredlist.org). A preliminary checklist
of the Birds of Iraq includes 417 bird species of which 182 are considered passage migrants to Iraq
and an additional 27 are vagrant species. Of these, 18 species are considered to be of conservation
concern, the majority of which are either possible or confirmed breeders. Five species of birds in Iraq
are either endemic or have endemic races.
Many marine fish utilize the Iraqi marshlands for spawning and nursing grounds making this
ecosystem particularly important to regional biodiversity. Some 106 species of fish (including
freshwater and marine entrant species) have now been recorded in the non‐marine waters of Iraq and
of these 53 species are marine fish. According to the Freshwater Ecoregions of the World website
(www.feow.org/index.php), three of these fish are endemic in the Tigris/Euphrates Basins ecoregion:
Glyptothorax steindachneri; Caecocypris basim, and Iraq blind barb (Typhlogarra widdowsoni). The
last two are listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.
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Little information exists on other globally important fauna species of insects, amphibians, reptiles,
and mammals. A list of ten amphibians, ninety‐seven reptiles and seventy‐four mammals has been
compiled from the literature. Many are conservation concern species and several of these may be
endemic or near‐endemics such as the vulnerable Mountain newt (Neurergus crocatus), the
endangered Kurdistan Newt (Neurergus microspilotus) and the endangered Euphrates Softshell Turtle
(Rafetus euphraticus). Twenty species of mammals are of conservation concern and Iraq has two
endemic/semi‐endemic species: the Mesopotamian gerbil (Gerbillus mesopotamiae) and Cheesman’s
gerbil (Gerbillus cheesmani).
Flora
As for flora, the major ecoregions mentioned above are characterized by certain vegetation. The
Tigris‐Euphrates ecoregion’s vegetation is dominated by aquatic plants such as reeds (Phragmites sp)
and rushes (Typha sp). Unfortunately, the vegetation of the Arabian Desert and East Sahero‐Arabian
Xeric Shrublands has received almost no study in recent years during the spring annuals growth and
flowering after winter rains. Several uniquely adapted plants are likely to exist in this region. The
same situation applies to Mesopotamian Shrub Desert ecoregion.
However, Vegetation of the Middle East Steppe ecoregion reflects the Mesopotamian province of the
Irano‐Turanian region. Herbaceous and dwarf shrub sage brush (Artemisia sp) communities tend to
dominate in deeper, non-saline soils and often occur in association with grasses. These are important
grassland habitats and during summer many Bedouin can be seen bringing their herds northward to
take advantage of the spring and summer grazing. This ecoregion also contains areas of barren, hard,
rocky soils called Hammada. Areas along the Euphrates and Tigris Rivers provide riparian vegetation
and habitats with mixes of Tamarix, Salix and Populus species as well as Typha sp and Phragmites sp.
3.3. Socio-economic Characteristics

It is estimated that Iraq is inhabited by nearly 39 million people in 2018. While census held in 2014
showed that population of Iraq was 36,004,552 (CSO, 2014), with a population growth rate of 2.5%.
The seven governorates, under study have a total number of population 19,384,929 (2014), which
account to 53.8% of the total population of Iraq. The following table shows population distribution for
the seven governorates: Baghdad, Salahideen, Ninawa, Anbar, Diyala, Kirkuk, and Babel including
gender.
Table 7: Population distribution in 7 target governorates – 2014

3,885,765 773,013 1,637,016 865,846 797,163 769,359 980,422
Male
(50.7%) (51.2%) (46.4%) (51.7%) (51.5%) (51.0%) (50.2%)
3,779,527 736,140 1,887,332 809,760 751,329 739,495 972,762
Female
(49.3%) (48.8%) (53.6%) (48.3%) (48.5%) (49.0%) (49.8%)
7,665,292 1,509,153 3,524,348 1,675,606 1,548,492 1,508,854 1,953,184
Total
(21.3%) (4.2%) (9.8%) (4.7%) (4.3%) (4.2%) (5.4%)
Source: cso 2014
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The following table and chart show distribution of age categories according to gender.
Table 8: Age distribution in Iraq – 2014

Age category Male Female Total
0-9 4,971,762 4,724,068 9,695,830
10-19 4,304,873 3,988,286 8,293,159
20-29 3,254,075 3,036,401 6,290,476
30-39 2,244,044 2,242,092 4,486,136
40-49 1,751,556 1,727,346 3,478,902
50-59 917,030 1,012,239 1,929,269
60+ 875,668 955,112 1,830,780
Grand Totals 18,319,008 17,685,544 36,004,552
Age Distribution in Iraq - 2014

12,000,000
10,000,000
8,000,000
6,000,000
4,000,000
2,000,000
0
0-9 10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60+
Male Female Total
Figure 4: Age distribution in Iraq – 2014
In the context of recent conflicts, Iraq witnessed unprecedented waves of eviction and displacement as
a result of the terrorist operations and the accompanying repercussions. Although the entire Iraqi
society has been affected by the war on terror, women and girls, particularly those subjected to abuse,
remain the primary target of the attacks, which included gross violations of human rights.
Kidnappings, killings, human trafficking, forced marriage and sexual violence are of concern and call
for intervention and support to alleviate the suffering, reintegration and rehabilitation of people who
have experienced the horrors of this experience. About 1.9 million women have been displaced and in
areas of conflict and war, they made up 51% of the total displaced people as a result of the recent
waves of displacement and are still so far suffered the harsh conditions. Therefore, Iraq is expected to
face many challenges that would inhibit the creation of a positive relationship between development
and population.
According to the sustainable development plans (2018-2022), Iraqis within the labor force category
are almost 9 million out of 35.2 million people in 2015, forming approx. 25.9%, of which only 14%
are female workers, and 86% are male workers. This is well below the already low rates of female
labor force participation in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region of 22% – compared to
about 72% of adult men. This reflects a significant gender-based gap in the labor force.
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Among youth (ages 15 – 29), 72% of women and 18% of men are neither in school nor employed.
The same report mentioned above indicates that unemployment had risen to 10.8% in 2016, compared
to 10.6% in the preceding year. However, in 2014 unemployment among men was 8.4%, while
among women, it was 21.9%. It is also worth mentioning that unemployment rate was peaking in the
age group 15-19 which amounted to 24.5%, while lowest rate was found 2.9% among age group 60-
64. In Anbar, unemployment rate was one of the highest 19.6%, while in Kirkuk, it had the lowest rate
2.9%.
There is a large variation in the rates of underemployment in Iraq at the provincial level. This can be
explained by the different nature of work and economic activities prevailing in each province as well
as the decline in the overall economic performance at the national level.
The GOI has adopted many policies and programs that would provide employment opportunities for
vulnerable groups. There were four programs targeting vulnerable and marginalized groups in society
and aiming to provide decent work for the unemployed and all affected groups. The first was the
Community Rehabilitation Program in cooperation with the International Labor Organization (ILO)
for the period 1997-2004, during which 868 projects were completed. However, the project stopped
then, and returned to operate as a national project from 2007 until 2016, during which 383 projects
were implemented. The second program was the microfinance program for the period 2007-2009,
during which 73,323 projects awarded worth US$ 328 million in total. And the third one was of the
National Strategy for Poverty Alleviation since 2012 in cooperation with the Ministry of Planning,
continued until the end of 2016, and focused on the poorest provinces, the program granted during
this period 10,896 loans worth 86 billion Iraqi dinars. While the fourth program was the support fund
for small income-generating projects, which targeted all governorates according to the population
weight (excluding the Kurdistan region) and granted during the period 2013-2016 to 49,907 loans
worth more than 212 billion dinars Iraqi.
Generally, the GOI lacks accurate indicators about the labor force in the private sector. There is no
specific data on the informal sector as a whole. In tracking the development of the number of private
sector employees, their ratio to the total number of workers in the economically active category
declined to 59% in 2012, and this percentage continued to decline to 58% in 2014. This was an
undesirable change in the results of the economic crisis, which had a significant impact on the
economy of the country on one hand, as well as the increase in the number of entrants to the labor
market and thus increased the number of unemployed on the other hand. This, in turn, has led to an
increase in the proportion of workers in the government sector at the expense of the private sector.
The agriculture sector is the largest source of rural employment and livelihood in Iraq, with critical
implications for climate resiliency, food security, poverty alleviation, and the empowerment of
women, but is drastically underexploited.
The average per capita monthly income of Iraq at the market price was 330.3 thousand IQD,
according to the semi-annual social and economic survey for 2014, thus, achieving progress on the
latest survey for the year 2012 that indicated 237.4 thousand IQD. While the index of average per
capita monthly expenditure amounted to 597.1 thousand IQD. However, at the household level,
average income was 1,875.4 thousand IQD, and average expenditure was 1,960.7 thousand IQD. The
following table summarizes income and expenditure rates for the 7 target governorates.
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Table 9: Distribution of income and expenditure at per capita and household levels
Governorate Gross income (market price, Gross expenditure (market price,
thousand IQD) thousand IQD)
Per-capita Household Per-capita Household
Baghdad 426.8 2165.4 410.7 2459.7
Salahideen 269.5 1644.4 268.0 1852.9
Ninawa 218.8 1578.1 192.4 1467.0
Anbar 224.9 1511.2 218.5 1586.7
Diyala 265.8 1301.0 199.6 1144.4
Kirkuk 372.7 1985.1 259.3 1601.5
Babel 266.2 1549.7 221.7 1542.2
Source: Iraq Sustainable Development Plan (2018-2022)
Poverty in Iraq was as low as 22.5% in 2014. However, in areas controlled by ISIS, poverty increased
from 19% by end of 2013 to 41% in 2014. As for, child labor, the proportion of children who were
engaged in work between the ages of 6-14 years, reached 3.5% of the number of children within this
age group. However, it is believed that there is 5.4% under child labor. And there are one million
orphaned children forced to work by their bad conditions. Reports in this regard, say that 70% of
displaced children missed a full school year. The number of displaced children is 1.6 million, which
comprises 50% of the total number of displaced persons (3.2 million in 2014).
Social and educational statistics for the academic year 2016/2017 indicate the net enrollment rates in
primary education (6-11 years) in public, civil and endowment schools was highest in the
governorates of Muthanna 97.5, Dhi Qar 97.1, Baghdad 97, Basra 96.5, Karbala 96 and Najaf 95.1.
While the lowest enrollment rate was recorded at 72 in Anbar, for the same year. The table below
shows enrollment rates, specifically in the 7 target governorates.
Table 10: Enrolment distribution according to school level, gender, and governorate – 2016/2017
Primary (6-11) Intermediate (12-14) Preparatory (15-17)
Governorate
M F Total M F Total M F Total
Baghdad 99 95 97 68 68 67.7 31 38 34.6
Salahiddin 91 93 91.6 55 49 51.7 29 21 25
Ninawa - - - - - - - - -
Anbar 73 71 72.1 31 28 29.3 18 17 17.3
Diyala 89 86 87.5 56 60 57.8 31 36 33.4
Kirkuk 92 88 90 42 41 41.3 24 29 26.3
Babel 96 82 88.9 60 52 56.1 34 35 34.5
Source: Iraq Sustainable Development Plan (2018-2022)
Moreover, statistical surveys show that the dropout rate for the intermediate level increased from
2.2% for the school year 2012-2013 to 8.1% for the year 2015 - 2016 for females, while it increased
from 3.7% to 4.9% for the same years for males. However, dropout rate at the preparatory level
increased from 1.5% during the school year 2012-2013 to 1.9% for year 2015 - 2016 for males, while
it decreased from 2.6% during school year 2012-2013 to 1.9% during year 2015-2016 for females. As
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for enrollment rate of age group 15-17 (i.e. preparatory level) it increased from 24% in the year 2012-
2013 to 29% for the year 2015-2016.
As for infrastructure at public schools, the number of buildings under construction (implemented by
the ministries of education and governorates according to the plan of development of regions and
other regions) reached 2,339 buildings with different completion rates. The majority of these
buildings were closed due to the financial crisis experienced by the country. The number of buildings
damaged by terrorist operations was 1,380, of which 674 completely damaged, and 706 partially
damaged.
Total beneficiaries of the Social Safety Nets in 2013 were 878,507 people, where female beneficiaries
accounted for 53.6%, thus, higher than those of males. However, the total number of beneficiaries
(males and females) had slightly increased to 884,297 (0.66%) in 2014 compared to the preceding
year 2013. The proportion of female beneficiaries was still higher than that of male beneficiaries,
which may be attributed to the high proportion of widowed women who head their families and
assume dependency.
In 2015, the total number of beneficiaries of the SSNs dropped to 819,176 (7.4%) compared to that of
year 2014, due to the financial crisis experienced by the country. While it increased to 905,773 in
2016 (10.6%) over the year 2015. However, female beneficiaries declined to 45.7% in 2016, as
internet-based applications were much more approached by men-headed households.
The number of surveyors working in the SSNs rose to 1,280 in both 2015 and 2016. This is nearly 21
times the number in 2013 and more than15 times greater than that of 2014. It even exceeded the
planned number for year 2017. Twelve surveyors have been appointed in Baghdad and all
governorates to assess and improve the degree of targeting in the program, aiming at reducing benefits
to non-poor and increasing coverage to include more applications.
The number of women covered by SSNs is higher than the number of men covered for the years 2010
– 2015. Number of women covered has increased to 471,318 in 2013 compared to 407,189 men
covered for the same year.
According to the Iraqi Food Security and Vulnerability survey conducted in 2016, woman-headed
households at the national level was 10.5%, noting that the highest proportion was registered in
Baghdad 13.6%, followed by Sulaymaniyah 12.3%. Terrorist operations, eviction, and displacement
have affected women in particular. This has resulted in a big number of women either widowed or
divorced in their dependent households. According to Women’s Freedom Organization in Iraq, the
number of women in 2015, who were abducted, raped, sold/bought, and suffered the psychosocial
damage therefrom, was 4,000, as a result of the recent crisis.
Additionally, according to a 2007 World Health Organization (WHO) study – the last reliable
healthcare survey conducted in the country – mental health disorders were the fourth leading cause of
ill health in Iraqis over the age of five years. One year earlier, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF)
estimated that as much as one-third of all children in Baghdad, Mosul, and Dohuk demonstrated
symptoms of moderate-to-severe mental illnesses. In Mosul, which reported the highest percentage of
post-traumatic stress-related cases, less than 10% of children in need of care had received any level of
treatment. In a separate study, nearly 35% of 9,000 self-reporting households suffered “significant
psychological distress.” By the end of 2007, the Iraqi Ministry of Health and Environment reported
that over 70% of those with any mental health condition had experienced suicidal thoughts.
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Chapter 4: Policy, Legal, and Regulatory Framework

This Chapter provides an overview of applicable Iraqi and World Bank’s policies, laws, and
regulations pertinent to addressing all environmental and socio-economic aspects of the Project. It
would also provide a good framework reference for assessing and managing social and environmental
impacts brought about throughout the Project’s life cycle, inclusive of smaller sub-projects. The
activities of this proposed development are expected to comply with provisions and requirements of
this legal register during screening and implementation stages. Monitoring of pollutants levels is also
mandatory against Iraqi standards and instructions. However, the borrower is expected to adhere to
most stringent safeguards in managing impacts, for instance, those related to Occupational and
Community Health and Safety.
4.1. National Laws and Regulations

Constitution of Iraq
Equal opportunities are guaranteed for all Iraqis. The state guarantees the taking of the necessary
measures to achieve such equal opportunities. Work is a right for all Iraqis so as to guarantee them a
decent living. The law regulates the relationship between employees and employers on economic
basis and with regard to the foundations of social justice. Economic exploitation of children shall be
completely prohibited. The State shall take the necessary measures to protect them. The state
guarantees to the individual and the family -- especially children and women -- social and health
security and the basic requirements for leading a free and dignified life. The state also ensures the
above a suitable income and appropriate housing. The State guarantees the social and health security
to Iraqis in cases of old age, sickness, employment disability, homelessness, orphanage or
unemployment, and shall work to protect them from ignorance, fear and poverty. The State shall
provide them housing and special programs of care and rehabilitation. Every citizen has the right to
health care. The state takes care of public health and provide the means of prevention and treatment
by building different types of hospitals and medical institutions. All forms of psychological and
physical torture and inhumane treatment shall be prohibited. Compulsory service (unpaid labor),
serfdom, slave trade (slavery), trafficking of women and children, and the sex trade is prohibited
Every individual has the right to live in a safe environment. The State undertakes the protection and
preservation of the environment and biological diversity.
According to the Constitution, federal authorities and regional authorities, shall be responsible for
formulating the environmental policy, to ensure the protection of the environment from pollution, and
to preserve its cleanness in cooperation with the regions and governorates that are not organized in a
region.
The National Development Plan, 2018 – 2022
The newest National Development Plan for the year 2018 – 2022 addresses, amongst others, a range
of social and environmental challenges, and puts forward strategic objectives and instruments for
implementation. According to NDP (2018 – 2022), social challenges included, weak ranking of Iraq
among the middle-developed countries; weakness of the rule of law and access to justice; raise of
multi-dimensional poverty levels caused by successive crises, conflicts, and population displacement
and instability; increasing fragility and rate of vulnerability; gender gap and failure to include youth;
and continued decline of education and health services indicators.
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The NDP highlighted many environmental challenges. These included, amongst others, lack of urban
planning; non-integration of environmental management; lack of environmental legislation;
desertification; climate change; and exploitation of non-renewable energy resources.
Economic Empowerment through Income Generating Projects, Law 10 – 2012
The provisions of this Law are compatible with the Iraqi national plans for social and economic
development. The Law aims at reducing unemployment and eradicating poverty through providing
small investment opportunities and enabling environment thereof; providing financial and technical
assistance to individuals under concern; facilitating and guiding throughout projects’ registration and
approvals; and increasing productivity and supporting economy at the national level.
By virtue of this Law a financing fund is established within MOLSA, which is headed by Minister of
MOLSA and steered by a Management Board that includes members from other six ministries;
Ministry of Finance (MOF), Ministry of Planning (MOP), Ministry of Industry and Minerals (MoIM),
Ministry of Transport (MOT), and Ministry of Agriculture (MOA). The Management Board is
responsible for setting up lending and reimbursing policies and procedures; planning, coordinating,
promoting, and approving microfinances; in addition to providing technical support whenever needed.
According to the Law, the ceiling limit of a loan is IQD 20 million, and investment opportunities are
advertised at the national level and coordinated with civil work organizations and private sectors.
Social Protection Law no. 11 of 2014
The new Social Protection Law No.11 of 2014 has emerged from reforming the old Social Welfare
Act no. 126 of 1980, which had been effective for 35 years. The new Law is influenced by successful
social protection systems in developed countries, and aims to avoid the errors of previous social
protection experiences in Iraq. It targets Iraqi families and individuals as well as foreign nationals
residing in Iraq, who live below the poverty line.
Under Article 6 of this Law, the Social Protection Council was established, which is associated with
MOLSA with enough authority to alter the organizational structure of the Social Protection Network
and taking over its function. The Article also ties the amount of aid provided through the Social
Protection Council to the poverty line. It also discusses targeting mechanisms and terms for receiving
aid as shown in table below.
Table 11: Amount of social assistance according to family size – Law 11 of 2014
Family size 1 2 3 4+
Amount of social assistance (in thousand IQD) 105 210 315 420
According to the Law, MOLSA’s key responsibilities include (amongst others): Assisting targeted
groups in entering the labor market; Providing education, healthcare and housing; Raising awareness
of family planning; Providing childcare and organizing events for children; Providing labor force
training; and Investigating the situation of all members of a family and identifying those who are able
to work.
Articles 18 and 19 are concerned with the establishment of the Social Protection Fund, which is
managed by a board of directors, headed by the head of the social protection authority, the heads of
the authority’s departments, and additional members from the relevant ministries (finance, education,
health, planning, justice and interior). Lastly, the law is inclined towards a more decentralized form
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of management relative to the previous arrangements. However, there are some shortcomings, one of
which is related to the new services and increasing subsidies, which requires more accurate targeting
of the beneficiaries. Another shortcoming is that source of funding was not specified. In addition to,
giving the right to invest the Fund’s money, which is not quite common this type of fund.
Labor Law no. 37 – 2015
Law No.37/2015, including Instruction No.12 of 2016 for Occupational Health and Safety,
differentiates between jobs depending on the circumstances and duties that the employees are
conducting. The Law organizes the relationship between the employer and employees, with the aim of
protecting their rights and realizing sustainable improvement based on social justice, equality and
providing suitable work for everybody without discrimination. The Law prohibits all types of
compulsory labor and child labor and determines minimum working age (15 years) and to prevent any
discrimination or harassment, whether direct or indirect.
Article 63 of Chapter 7, gives the MOLSA’s minster the authority to formulate a committee of 8
members to determine minimum levels of national wages. However, decision is made in light of
several factors, including needs of workers and families, level of wages, cost of living, and economic
factors (development, market, productivity, employment, etc.).
The Law regulates the work of female employees by granting additional rights. Furthermore, it
regulates the work of subcontractors regarding the employees’ rights. The Law also regulates health
of employees and stipulates that the National Centre for Occupational Health and Safety is to be in
charge of planning and inspecting the implementation of health affairs to guarantee the safety of
employees at worksites from occupational diseases and injuries, in addition to requirements for
healthy work environment. Workers must follow orders and instructions regarding measures of
protection and occupational safety and must carefully use the protective devices entrusted to them.
Acquisition Law no. 12 – 1981
This Law is applicable to all properties of agricultural, non-agricultural lands and orchards. Disposal
rights of government-owned land. And other original specified rights relevant to property.
It is the only Iraqi law that governs the rules of expropriation of property for the purposes of public
benefit. According to the Law, acquisition includes: expropriation of property through acquisition, or
is, by virtue of the acquisition, similar to taking over the compensations and replacement costs,
cancelling the legal right and other applications of expropriation, for the public benefit. The law has
adopted rules and foundations common to fair compensation for all property acquisition and
guarantees the rights of possessor without prejudice to public interest. The Law stresses the
importance of fair compensation especially for agricultural lands. The Law highlights procedures for
negotiating expropriation with the property owner, and addresses administrative acquisition cases.
The Law, so far, has no reference to compensation for lost assets, income, means of livelihood, or
displacement from land of no legal right.
National Environmental Legislations
Public Health Law no. 89 – 1981
The Public Health Law is considered the backbone for protecting public health from harmful
interaction with the environment and vice versa. In so doing, the Law tackles issues related to the
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environment that has direct and indirect impact on human health and wellbeing. The Law has dealt
with a number of environmental aspects like, preserving natural coherence, water, land, and air. The
Law has outlined the healthy burial of waste by determining fundamentals of this act, like site
selection, methods of burial, machinery required, and staff involved, amongst many others. In opting
for burial, cultivable lands and high groundwater tables should be avoided whenever possible, sought
outside of urban/suburban areas, and operated in such a way to prevent odor and pest breeding.
The Law has also included the safe handling and storage of chemicals. The need for suitable signage,
minimizing quantities and the need to store hazardous materials, and replacing them with less
hazardous ones if possible.
The Law stressed on protection of workers from sources of noise and vibration. By virtue of this Law,
the employer is required to use low-vibration equipment, monitor levels of vibration in workplace,
provide their workers with proper protection equipment, as well as offer their workers proper medical
checks and treatment for those directly exposed. The Law, in its Article 99, has set out penalties for
breaching cases in comparison to limits detailed in relevant regulations.
Public Health Law / Safe storage and handling of chemicals, instructions no. 4 – 1989
These Instructions set out requirements for safe handling and storage of chemicals according to the
provisions of Articles 3 & 105 of the Public Health Law. They apply to activities involving the use
and handling of: explosives; flammables; oxidizing substances; corrosive, radioactive, and
carcinogenic chemicals; chemical drugs; toxic chemicals and pesticides; chemical irritants; and inert
chemicals. Article 2 outlines necessary precautions for handling and storing chemicals and the need
for proper signage. Placement of hazardous with less hazardous materials is required if possible, along
with storing hazardous materials at the minimum possible quantities. Article 3 outlines the suitable
signage and labeling, security and safety, as well as adopting an international classification system by
the manufacturer. Articles 4 and 6 outline requirements for storing chemicals, such as, properties of
chemicals to be stored, protecting chemicals from damage, exposure, or fire, as well as transporting
chemicals containers to and from storage places. The instructions also set out details for safe storage
and use of the chemicals, disposal of waste chemical containers, and the actions to be taken on the
event of the release of a chemical. In addition to the need to use Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
by individuals working with such chemicals.
Protection and Improvement of the Environment Law no. 27 – 2009
The Law aims at protecting and improving the environment through elimination and treatment of
existing damages or those likely to be caused. It also aims at preserving public health, natural
resources, and biodiversity as well as natural and cultural heritage in coordination with the relevant
authorities in a manner that ensures sustainable development through international and regional
cooperation. Article 3 of this Law establishes the "Environment Protection and Improvement
Council", which is associated with the Ministry of Health and Environment and includes 22
representative members from all ministries and commissions. Roles and responsibilities of the
Council include (amongst others): providing advice on environmental issues; reviewing plans,
projects, programs, including emergency and environmental disaster plans, all in relation to
environmental aspects before approval; internally coordinating between authorities and externally
presenting the country in the environmental regional and international forums; implementing
environment improvement project in Iraqi provinces; and taking part in formulating environmental
legislations as well as preparing annual reports on the environmental situation. Article 7 of the Law
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entails the establishment of Environment Protection and Improvement Councils in each governorate.
Articles 11 and 12 relate to new and expansion projects respectively, and the need to prevent or
encourage developments in line with protecting natural resources, adopting sustainable and
environmentally-sound systems, and exploring renewable energy sources.
Article 14 (protection of water resources from pollution) prohibits: Discharge of domestic, industrial,
and agricultural effluents to inland water resources without proper treatment, in compliance with
specifications set out in environmental-related legislations; Disposal of solid waste, animal waste and
corpses, or scrap material into water resources; Discharge of waste oil, wastewater, or fuel from
tankers to surface water or territorial waters; Any act that would lead to pollution of surface water
bodies as a result of exploitation of the river, unless otherwise approved.
Article 15 (Air pollution and noise reduction) prohibits: Emissions of fumes, gases, or vapors in
excess from production processes, or burning fuel, and considers that a breach of national
environmental legislations; Excessive emissions from engines and vehicles above permissible limits;
Burning of solid waste outside of designated areas, given that this is done in an environmentally
friendly manner.
Article 16 prohibits high levels of noise that exceed permissible limits, in the operation of machinery,
equipment, horns, and loudspeakers.
Article 17 (Protection of land) which prohibits: Activities that would lead to degradation or pollution
of soil either directly or indirectly; Non-compliant urban sprawl on land; Activities that would result
in desertification or impacting natural environment, unless otherwise approved; Damage to designated
areas of natural and cultural heritage, including unauthorized disposal of solid waste in such places.
Article 18 (Protection of biodiversity) which prohibits: Damaging biota in their habitat; Fishing,
hunting, killing, and transferring endangered/ protected species; Damaging plants/ herbs of medical,
scientific, industrial, and trade values; Cutting perennial trees in public areas, logging in the forest,
and introducing new animals and plants in the environment all unless otherwise permitted.
Articles 20 addresses the need to: control the use of pesticides and chemical compounds; Apply an
environmentally-sound method for transferring, handling, storing, and disposing hazardous materials
including radioactive ones; ensure those materials not causing harm/ damage to the environment;
prohibit treatment of hazardous waste without prior permit. And Article 22 is related to the
environmental monitoring for prohibited activities that impact the environment.
Protection of Wild Animals and Birds, Law no. 21 – 1997
As detailed in Article 2 of the Law, implementation and monitoring shall be entrusted to the "Special
Administration", whereas Article 3 is concerned with the breeding of wild animals in protected areas
and creation of natural habitats for wild animals and birds. The Law requires the Minister of
Agriculture and Land Reclamation to issue a list of protected species of birds and animals, prohibited
zones, and hunting seasons. Hunting may only be authorized by the Minister of Agriculture and Land
Reclamation, which if not granted will result in a fine or an imprisonment or both.
Forest Law no. 30 – 2009
According to this Law, forests are classified into three categories: State forests, Endowed forests, and
Private forests. The provisions of the Law are applicable to State forests, though; Article 4 still
contains general provisions for all forests. In particular, the Law is assigning administration of
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protected/reserved forests to the Directorate General of Forests and Plantation. The Law also deals
with enforcement and sets out offences and penalties. Furthermore, the Law prohibits cutting forest
trees for charcoal and commercial purposes in specified natural forests according to Article 1.
However, villagers are allowed – for particular purposes – to cut trees for timber and to transport it
within the forest region (Articles 3 & 4).
Decision Concerning the Cutting of Trees no. 1 – 1991
By virtue of this Decision, it is prohibited to cut trees from natural forests and street sides, as well as
from areas with young trees and green belts. Failing to comply with the Order will result in
punishment according to the provisions of the "Protection and Improvement of the Environment Law
no. 27 – 2009."
Preservation of Water Resources Regulation no. 2 – 2001
As mentioned in article 8 of this regulation, it is prohibited to discharge or throw any kind or any
amount of waste to the common water of any kind or quantity, whether the discharge is regular,
irregular or temporary, unless granted permission from the Office of Protection and Improvement of
the Environment or whom it shall authorize.
Protection of Ambient Air Quality Regulation no. 4 – 2012
This Regulation was derived from the Protection and Improvement of Environment Law no. 27
described above. According to the Regulation, the Ministry of Health and Environment is responsible
for: establishing a monitoring program on the national scale, including the provision of monitoring
equipment and pursuing fund opportunities; using data collected from monitoring stations and
utilizing them in preparing environmental reports; putting a national guide for air-polluting
substances; issuing allowable limits of air pollutants; managing and controlling air pollution from
stationary and mobile sources in collaboration with relevant authorities.
The Regulation requires that stationary emitting sources adhere to national thresholds and use
monitoring devices to ensure compliance. It is also required that emissions from electricity generators
using a hydrocarbon fuel are kept within limits, applying corrective measures in case of exceeding
limits, and seeking alternative/new technologies to replace the old ones.
According to the Regulation, it is prohibited to burn all types of plastics, rubber, used oils, materials
containing heavy metals, medical wastes, domestic wastes, inside a facility, or in the open air, or next
to a residential area or a water source. Dumping facilities and incinerators are to be established in full
compliance with national and international standards.
According to the Iraqi National Clear Air Act issued in 1979, the Air Quality Standards set out the
limits based on a medium-termed policy targets that take into consideration economic efficiency,
practicability, technical feasibility, and timescales, which mostly agree with the WHO guideline
limits. See Annex I for ambient air quality standards set by the local regulator with those
internationally indorsed by the World Health Organization (WHO). These limits are applicable to
emissions from stationary sources by different activities rather than being industry-specific.
The new determinants for the Prevention of Pollution of Rivers and Public Water Regulation, no.
25 – 1967
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This instruction sets the new determinants for the prevention of pollution of rivers by virtue of
Regulation 25, 1967. These instructions set physical, chemical, and biological guidelines for water
quality and wastewater discharges. The Regulation defines Water Resources as: rivers, streams,
waterways, lakes, springs, wells, and groundwater. In particular, these instructions apply to
wastewater discharge from cities, industry, agriculture, and other activities to: public water sources,
public sewers, and marshes. Annex I, presents limits defined for discharges to both natural waters
(water resources) and sewers (which generally have higher permissible discharge limits).
Environmental Assessment – Establishing the Ministry of Environment Law No. 37 – 2008
Provides a definition to environmental impact assessment. Projects under this requirement are those
expected to have effects on human health and environment integrity as a result of going through the
project cycle. The Ministry of Environment (MoEnv) – which has been recently attached to the
Ministry of Health – is responsible for preparing regulations and issuing instructions for
environmental measures and monitoring their best implementation. Also, MoEnv has the authority to
approve locations for new developments in terms of their environmental context and give advice in
coordination with other responsible ministries and entities. The Law also empowers the local councils
for protection and improvement of the environment to perform field inspections and monitor actual
implementation of Environmental Management Plans (EMPs) on the ground, as well as apply a fine
system should provisions of the Law be breached.
EIA categorization – Environmental Criteria for Carrying out Projects and Monitoring
Appropriateness of Implementation Instructions no. 3 – 2011
These instructions were issued by the MoEnv to set criteria for classifying projects in Iraq into 3 main
categories: A, B, and C, which will be used later on to either approve or reject the proposed project
location in light of identified impacts. The criteria were based on level of significance of adverse
impacts and magnitude of impacts/ boundaries of influence. Accordingly, projects should be
categorized under one of the following for an environmental assessment:
- Category A: Projects within this level are expected to have high significant impacts on the
vulnerable biological environment, locations of cultural values, or impacts having a much
broader area compared to where the project is taking place. Under this category, a
resettlement could be triggered as a result of implementing the project. For each type of
projects listed under Category A, a set of recommendations/ mitigation measures is proposed;
- Category B: Projects within this level are expected to have less significant impacts
compared to those of Category A, but these impacts would be considered irreversible on the
biological environment. Impacts of Projects under this category are described as being site-
specific; a range of mitigation measures could be applied to alleviate negative impacts. A
preliminary EIA is to be prepared.
- Category C: Projects within this level are expected to have no or minimal adverse impacts on
the environment; any resulting impacts could be fully controlled/ minimized. No EIA is
required in this case.
The Project proponent is also required to apply for an environmental compliance certificate from the
MoEnv by initially undergoing an environmental screening/assessment to account for the expected
impacts. If not clearly listed in any of the three categories' projects, the project will be screened by the
MoEnv given the submission of necessary documentation by the project proponent.
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Roles and Responsibilities in the Field
The following table provides an overview to the roles and responsibilities of concerned parties/
authorities in the field (applicable to all governorates under the Project), which can be linked to the
different ESSRP interventions (components 1 and 2).
Table 12: Roles and responsibilities in the field

Department Key roles and responsibilities
Ministry of Health and - Determination of level of EIAs required for sub-projects
Environment - EIA/ EMP review
- Issuance of environmental permits
local councils for protection Perform field inspections and monitor actual implementation of
and improvement of the Environmental Management Plans (EMPs) on the ground, as well as apply a
environment fine system against environmental violations
Environment Protection and Coordination between local environment protection councils and authorities
Improvement Council (municipalities, governorates, labor and social directorates, etc.)
Health Directorates - Monitor communicable diseases
- provide vaccinations to workers and the hosting communities,
- provide medical care to all community members through local health
care centers and programs
- provide awareness programs to communities
Labor and Social Affairs - Overseeing local labor markets
Directorates - Monitoring violations to labor according to the labor law
- Field inspection for illegal workforce (including child labor)
- Field inspection for Occupational Health and Safety measures
- Surveying households for eligibility to social protection programs
- Processing applications for various assistance programs (job
opportunities, livelihood assistance, microfinance, cash support, etc.)
4.2. Applicable World Bank Policies

The Project will include some civil work activities under CfW program, by which site-specific, small-
scale, and reversible environmental and social impacts can be expected. The Project has already been
classified as Category “B” according to OP/BP 4.01 Environmental Assessment. Only two Bank’s
operational policies were triggered: OP/BP 4.01 Environmental Assessment, and OP/BP 4.12
Involuntary Resettlement. The subsequent sections provide an overview to the requirements of
OP/BP’s 4.01 & 4.12, however, the Bank’s policies for Investment Project Financing, Accessing
Information, and the IFC’s Guideline for Environmental Health and Safety would apply throughout
the implementation of the Project.
Investment Project Financing, OP/BP 10.00 – 2013
Investment Project Financing supports projects with defined development objectives, activities, and
results, and disburses the proceeds of Bank financing against specific eligible expenditures. The
Bank’s assessment of the proposed Project is based on various country and Project-specific
considerations including consistency with the Bank’s strategy in support of the country, Project
development objectives, that take into account technical, economic, fiduciary, environmental, and
social considerations, and related risks.
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The Project is being processed under Section III, Paragraph 12 of the Bank Policy: Projects in
Situations of Urgent Need of Assistance or Capacity Constraints. For Investment Project Financing,
the borrower prepares the project’s scope, objectives, and the borrower’s contractual rights and
obligations, like carrying out the project in due diligence, maintain appropriate implementation
monitoring and evaluation arrangements, and comply with procurement, financial management,
disbursement, social and environmental obligations. However, the Bank appraises the project in
accordance with OP/BP 10 and other applicable polices, additionally, the Bank monitors compliance
and provides implementation support through reviewing progress.
The World Bank Policy on Environmental Assessment – OP4.01
This OP/BP 4.01 of the World Bank sets objectives, triggers, and implementation mechanisms, which
in whole constitute the overarching safeguard policy to identify, avoid, and mitigate the potential
negative environmental and social impacts associated with the Bank's lending operations. In the
World Bank operations, the purpose of Environmental Assessment (EA) is to improve decision
making, to ensure that project options under consideration are sound and sustainable, and that
potentially affected people have been properly consulted. The borrower is responsible for carrying out
the EA and the Bank advises the borrower on the Bank’s EA requirements. The Bank classifies the
proposed project into three major categories, depending on the type, location, sensitivity, and scale of
the project and the nature and magnitude of its environmental impacts. These are as follows:
- Category “A”: The proposed project is likely to have significant adverse environmental
impacts that are sensitive, diverse, or unprecedented. These impacts may affect an area
broader than the sites or facilities subject to physical works.
- Category “B”: The proposed project’s potential adverse environmental impacts on the
human population or the environmentally important areas-including wetlands, forests,
grasslands, or other natural habitats- are less adverse than those of Category “A” projects.
These impacts are site-specific; few of them, if any, are irreversible; and in most cases,
mitigation measures can be designed more readily than Category "A" projects.
- Category “C”: The proposed project is likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental
impacts.
Involuntary Resettlement, OP/BP 4.12 – 2013
This Policy is triggered in situations involving involuntary taking of land and involuntary restrictions
of access to legally designated parks and protected areas which result from a Bank-assisted
investment project. In particular, OP/BP 4.12 covers the following scope:
1. Involuntary taking of land resulting in: relocation or loss of shelter; loss of assets or access to
assets; or loss of income sources or means of livelihood, whether or not the affected persons
must move to another location; or
2. The involuntary restriction of access to legally designated parks and protected areas resulting
in adverse impacts on the livelihoods of the displaced persons.
The Policy aims to avoid involuntary resettlement to the extent feasible, or to minimize and mitigate
its adverse social and economic impacts. It promotes participation of displaced people in resettlement
planning and implementation, and its key economic objective is to assist displaced persons in their
efforts to improve or at least restore their incomes and standards of living after displacement. The
policy prescribes compensation and other resettlement measures to achieve its objectives and requires
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that borrowers prepare adequate resettlement planning instruments prior to Bank appraisal of
proposed projects.
The World Bank Policy on Access to Information – 2013
In addition to the safeguard policies, the Access to Information Policy also relates to safeguards. To
promote transparency and facilitate accountability, Bank Access to Information Policy supports
decision making by the Borrower and the Bank by allowing public access to information on
environmental and social aspects of projects in an accessible location and understandable form and
language to key stakeholders. The Bank ensures that relevant project- related environmental and
social safeguard documents, including the procedures prepared for projects involving subprojects, are
disclosed in a timely manner before project appraisal formally begins. The policy requires disclosure
in both English and the local language and must meet the standards of the World Bank.
Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines – 2008
The Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) Guidelines, of the World Bank Group (WBG)/
International Finance Corporation (IFC) 20081, are the safeguard guidelines for environment, health
and safety for the development of the industrial and other projects. They contain performance levels
and measures that are considered to be achievable in new facilities at reasonable costs using existing
technologies. When host country regulations differ from the levels and measures presented in the EHS
Guidelines, projects are expected to achieve whichever is more stringent. If less stringent levels or
measures than those provided in these EHS Guidelines are appropriate, in view of specific project
circumstances, a full and detailed justification for any proposed alternative is needed as part of the
site-specific environmental assessment. This justification should demonstrate that the choice for any
alternative performance level is protective of human health and the environment. Section 4 of EHS
Guidelines for “Construction and Decommissioning” provides additional and specific guidance on the
prevention and control of community health and safety impacts that may occur during a new project
development, at the end of the project life-cycle, or due to expansion or modification of existing
project facilities.
4.3. Gap analysis

The Project is financed by the World Bank, which entails fulfillment of environmental and social
safeguards issued by the World Bank Group. Once E&S safeguards have been fulfilled, the financial
assistance will be authorized for the borrower accordingly. At the same time, the Project needs to be
approved locally from the Iraqi Ministry of Health and Environment, which by the Law, is responsible
for screening projects, reviewing E&S studies, and accordingly issuing certificate of environmental
compliance. However, the Project includes a variety of interventions that are different in impact type
and magnitude, yet not well-defined in terms of boundaries and blueprints. The preparation of a
framework management document would be the best safeguards instrument at this stage. Iraqi
legislations do not include the provision for preparing an Environmental and Social Management
Framework (ESMF), while the Bank does (OP/BP 4.01)
Under the requirements of the WB, this Project was screened as category B, should the new
interventions, in general, have less significant and site-specific impacts on the surrounding
environment. However, the WB's requirements for category B projects would entail the undertaking
of a public consultation, in order to share views with Project Affected Persons (PAPs) before
commencing the Project; to collect feedback about the most pressing environmental and social areas
1WBG EHS General Guidelines is available on: http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/554e8d80488658e4b76af76a6515bb18/Final%2B-

%2BGeneral%2BEHS%2BGuidelines.pdf?MOD=AJPERES
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to be assessed; and to put the most feasible and sound mitigatory measures that would ensure best
attenuation of adverse impacts. A public participation requirement for development projects in Iraq is
neither explicitly mentioned in the aforementioned Iraqi EIA instructions, nor is it referred to in the
Iraqi Laws 37 and 27. This would also constitute another shortcoming. Conducting a public
consultation for this project would fulfill WB's requirements and consequently would not cause any
conflict with the Iraqi legislative system.
Although subprojects (especially CfW program) planned under this ESSRP will not involve
involuntary taking of land or involuntary resettlement, yet there could be some minor social,
economic, and cultural impacts. Therefore, OP/BP 4.12 is triggered as a precautionary measure, and a
Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) is prepared. This RPF includes useful information to guide
through addressing any unexpected impacts of the project. The Iraqi "Acquisition Law no. 12" does
not provide enough means for restoration. By the law only people having the legal right on
land/property are entitled, which highlights another shortcoming of the Iraqi EIA framework.
With respect to disclosing ESMF study findings, the Bank requires the disclosure of the ESMF
findings to the public in an accessible way and by using a language fairly understandable by the target
community. This is attained through providing a non-technical summary of the study (officially
referred to as an Executive Summary) in the same language as of the receiving community. The WB
would also publish the whole ESMF study on its external websites. This requirement is adequately
covered in both "Environmental Assessment OP/BP 4.01" and "The World Bank Policy on Access to
Information" of the World Bank Group. There is neither a clear mentioning on the need to disclose the
findings of environmental and social studies publicly, by the Iraqi framework, nor is it specifying how
such information could reach the community’s attention.
The following table may provide key differences of E&S framework requirements between the WB's
and Iraqi legislative systems.
Table 13: Summary requirements of the WB's and Iraqi ESMF

Requirements
ESMF Involuntary
Public Participation ESMF disclosure
Level of E&S study Resettlement
Fairly presented in OP/BP
Fairly presented in Fairly presented in
WB's 4.01 and Policy on Access to
ESMF/ ESMP OP/BP 4.01 OP/BP 4.12
Information
Iraqi No provision for preparing Not presented Not presented Not presented
ESMF at this stage
Prepare RPF Disclose through a public

Action Proceed with ESMF report Proceed with a public
according to OP/BP consultation/ WB’s external
proposed according to the provisions consultation meeting
4.12 websites
of OP/BP 4.01
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Chapter 5: Potential Environmental and Social Impacts Framework
5.1. Risk Identification

Assessing and studying Risks are quite important for dealing with hazards and hazardous events, and
eventually avoiding harm. Generally speaking, Risk Assessment is the process by which you identify
hazards, their severity, and how likely they are to occur. Risk assessment as such, is a useful tool for
determining protective and preventive measures to manage hazards. For instance, many industries
involve Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) related risks. Management options – as proposed by
IFC’s guideline for Environmental Health and Safety – Include the following according to priority:
- Eliminating the hazard by removing the activity from the work process. Examples include
substitution with less hazardous chemicals, using different manufacturing processes, etc;
- Controlling the hazard at its source through use of engineering controls. Examples include
local exhaust ventilation, isolation rooms, machine guarding, acoustic insulating, etc;
- Minimizing the hazard through design of safe work systems and administrative or
institutional control measures. Examples include job rotation, training safe work procedures,
lock-out and tag-out, workplace monitoring, limiting exposure or work duration, etc. and
- Providing appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) in conjunction with training, use,
and maintenance of the PPE.
The application of prevention and control measures to occupational hazards should be based on
comprehensive job safety or job hazard analyses. The results of these analyses should be prioritized as
part of an action plan based on the likelihood and severity of the consequence of exposure to the
identified hazards.
The Project Appraisal Document has ranked the combined risk for environmental and social aspects
as “Substantial”. It also highlighted general risks associated with the implementing components,
addressing many areas, political and governance, macroeconomic, the technical design, institutional
capacity and sustainability, fiduciary, and environmental and social. These all aspects have raised
overall risk to High.
For component 1, the key social challenge is associated with the process of identification and
selection of working groups among various communities, and the potential resulting conflict which
may arise and cause delays in implementing subproject activities. Other risks can be related to the
threat of corruption and “ghost workers”, as this is considered high with public work programs and
could potentially dilute the benefits of the component significantly. Risk of missing out poor
households due to insufficient coverage. Risk of sustaining CfW activities beyond the 2-year time
frame for the program. Sub-component 1.3 will also include some risks: risk of inability to obtain the
necessary business supplies in businesses’ locations, risk of falling into debt burden and not being
able to pay the loan back, risk of insufficient governance by MOLSA
Other safeguards risks are related to potential temporary land acquisition, relocation of encroachers or
IDPs, and interruption or loss of livelihood. Risks are also associated with civil works from a labor
perspective. This include labor risks on daily basis, working in heights, exposure to working
materials, either for cleaning, painting, or even exposure to working tools, and hard/ sharp objects.
These, and alike would be related to OHS management programs, while the surrounding community
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is also likely to receive some hazards during daily restoration activities, including dust, noise, runoffs,
exposure to liquid and solid wastes, and others.
As for Component 2 – Resilient Social Safety Nets: risks include insufficient ability and capacity to
identify the right beneficiaries, basically including the poor and vulnerable, this risk is associated with
statistical errors of the Proxy Means-Testing (PMT)-based targeting system, which is inevitable. In
addition to, risk of unsustainable Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) program.
The above risks, if occurred, will have negative/adverse impacts on Project Affected Persons (PAPs)
as well as on the surroundings. For the sake of this ESMF, a range of negative impacts were identified
according to the Project design, and in consultations with stakeholders and PAPs. The following
Chapter provides more information about public consultations and feedback collected.
5.2. Impact Assessment Methodology

Impacts under this study include environmental and social/ socio-economic ones. These are a
collection of expected effects during implementation of the Project identified at this stage. Impacts
include be either positive or negative (adverse), however, this section will focus on negative impacts
on environmental and social aspects within the boundaries of the Project interventions, in this case all
targeted seven governorates of Baghdad, Anbar, Salahideen, Ninawa, Diyala, Kirkuk, and Babel. As
for positive impacts, these were highlighted in the Project Description Chapter. The following would
provide guidance on identifying and rating impacts for the Project:
1. Identifying environmental and social aspects: these are the set of sensitive recipients of the
negative effects from the various project interventions. And they could be identified through
understanding the different interactions that the project is intended to undergo during project
phases: planning, constructing, operating, decommissioning. For instance, air pollution, is one
negative impact to be expected if the project is to release dust and gas emissions. Also health
issues on workers, if the project is to include dangerous tools, hazardous materials, and many
others. Usually impacts are identified by subject matter experts, and the experience collected in a
certain area of specialty. As for the ESSRP, the following resources were leveraged in order to
provide a potential E&S impact account for the Project during its implementation:
- Applicable provisions of the laws, regulations, instructions, decrees and safeguards set out
either by the Iraqi government, or by financing agency the "World Bank Group", including
those guides of International Finance Corporation (IFC), as well as other international
conventions and guides deemed recognizable;
- Environmental and social baseline data for the project geographical areas;
- Design and implementation approaches of the Project;
- Public consultations at the central and provincial levels;
- Literature reviews of similar interventions; and
- Practical experience in the field of Environmental Assessment and Environmental
Management.
2. Rating impacts: this is performed using descriptive words to describe severity/significance of
impacts, including:
- Highly, moderately, low significant (minor), or no significance/ no impact.
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- Direct or indirect. As some impacts would directly affect recipients, such as high levels of
dust would cause respiratory issues. Or the impact could be received via other means, like
pollutants entering water reservoirs will affect human health at the end
- Short-term, medium-term, or long-term. This is a way to describe the time period when
impacts could appear. For instance, soil erosion can be observed in the long term upon cutting
trees, while traffic congestions can be observed in the short term upon a road closure.
- Cumulative, or noncumulative. This is used when negative impacts are expected to increase
severity/significance with time. For instance, heavy metals can have a cumulative effect
(elevated concentrations) on crop consumers upon polluting fertile lands as time elapses.
3. Consulting on impacts. This will be needed to gain consensus on the expected impacts, be able to
rate them using others’ experiences, and eliminating/adding impacts as a result of consultation
feedback.
4. Mitigating, managing, and monitoring impacts: these are advanced stages performed on impacts,
which would include proposing best mitigation measures/ best management practices,
responsibilities and means for managing impacts, as well as devices/tools, programs for
monitoring impacts and ensuring they do not exceed allowable limits.
5. Revisiting impacts. During the life cycle of the project, impacts could be re-analyzed using an
expert lens, and resulting in increased or lessened significance. Impacts can change severity or
timeframe if receiving environments were subject to change, or getting influenced by other
investments in the area.
The above steps are generic for assessing negative impacts. As for the ESSRP, component 1 will
include small-scale civil works, which would entail the preparation of site-specific ESMPs. At that
stage of the Project, the Project proponent/ contractor/ implementing agency should re-assess impacts
taking into consideration the site-specific characteristics, and building on feedback collected from
communities and E&S specialists in their specific areas. However, impacts should be described for
both construction and operation phases, where applicable.
The following section presents an E&S register for expected negative impacts during ESSRP’s
implementation phase:
5.3. Expected Adverse impacts – overview

The ESSR Project has been designed to help reinstate and reintegrate post-conflict returnees, IDPs,
and vulnerable groups in the target central regions of Iraq. However, some interventions of the
program could result in negative effects, though, minor, site-specific, and reversible. Of particular
concern are impacts expected from civil works (component 1.1). While information is limited on the
design of the activities at this stage, impact rating has taken into consideration construction and
operation phases, however, more focused on construction phase.
The following are a general discussion to the Project components and their relevant impacts (socio-
economic, health and safety, environmental, and cultural heritage).
Component 1.1 – Cash for Work opportunities
1. Inflation and price distortion in local markets if CfW is not monitored appropriately: For CfW
programs, it is essential to inject needed cash flow into the local economy without causing
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unwanted economic ramifications such as price fluctuation, dependency, or competition with

local producers. During the implementation of CfW program (Component 1.1), a great care
should be taken in setting the wage rate for laborers, as this would have negative impacts on local
markets. If wage rates are higher than the market rate, CfW projects may entice people away from
their regular livelihood activities. Also, different wage rates among similar CfW programs may
affect the market negatively and cause disputes among communities. Another factor that could
contribute to a market distortion is the labor competition between existing businesses and
demands for CfW. In addition to fluctuation of prices of basic commodities.
2. Exploitation and diversion of cash to illegal activities due to mismanagement and corruption:
financial management systems are usually exhausted in post-conflict situations, and susceptible to
illegal activities. Although target areas have been liberated form ISIS regime, there still would be
some risk of hidden activities, which could find their way to exploit weaknesses in the safeguards
established by governments and the local financial sector. Another factor that could increase risk
and signify the impact is that local communities could be unfamiliar with formal banking/
financial services or having few skills dealing with payments.
3. Influence on local cultural norms by changing traditional responses to community needs or

volunteerism as a result of CfW intervention; in situations of emergency recovery of livelihood,
people would pay less attention toward doing voluntary works, as people will always be looking
for earning some money and maintain their life and basic needs. However, this negative impact is
still moderate on the community healthiness as opposed to lacking basic needs of living.
4. Exclusion of certain vulnerable people by providing inappropriate type of work for elderly, sick,
and disabled community members: this impact could emerge from the fact that civil works would
require certain levels of physical fitness, which could not be adequately fulfilled in the elderly,
sick, and disabled people. This in turn would impose barriers to the full engagement of the needy
people within small income generating opportunities. Although high, this impact can be alleviated
and turned minor, through setting early a proper design for the ease of engaging those people in
the development and providing enough suitable job opportunities according to their needs.
5. Child labor; community work would most probably involve child labor, especially in the context
of conflict, implying that labor market could be out of control. According to labor law no. 37 for
the year 2015, minimum working age is 15, and this was said so in order to prevent any
discrimination or harassment to children, whether direct or indirect. This impact is considered
significant, direct, and indirect. However, mitigation could turn this into minor. Measures involve:
increasing control over labor market, by regular inspections, and putting more stringent
employment terms on contractors, and business owners, and enforcing punishment against
violations.
6. Participants may come to view CfW as a source of long-term employment and rely on CfW
positions as a primary source of income; people in this case could misperceive the income from
the new opportunities offered by the ESSRP, specifically through the CfW program. This impact
is moderate and can be minimized through adopting more transparency and providing clearer
information to target people, especially through specialists of central MOLSA’s and field teams.
7. Decreased agency and participation of women within their families and communities due to
women being unable to control over their own incomes: this impact is significant to moderate on
women; however, it is contextual, and depends a lot on the community norms. In some remote
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areas when gender is an issue (i.e. men controlling over women), this would be a significant
impact, and further been exacerbated when it is unreported. The impact would be also significant
in light of lacking enough surveys and figures. Mitigation: women may work in exclusive female
work crews, or be given lighter, socially acceptable tasks such as cooking lunches for laborers,
babysitting, carrying water, guarding supplies; so that wages can be disbursed promptly (per-
diems), instead of monthly payments.
8. Insufficient financial help due to discrepancy/ noncompliance in the field operations. This
negative effect is attributed to lacking proper techniques for targeting and selection on one side,
and it would arise from field staff being not trained enough for this type of humanitarian aid, on
the other side (i.e. lacking enough capacity to apply instructions/ procedures in the field).
Mitigation: 1. Monitoring through unannounced visits, field reporting, and pursuing advice from
program management. 2. Using reliable mechanisms for data capturing (including using ID cards,
automated payments to beneficiaries through banks or cell phones); 3. Adopting a mixed targeting
approach, by considering poorest locations with highest numbers of potential beneficiaries, IDPs,
and returnees within target governorates, 4. Assessing the poor under existing MOLSA’s PMT-
based registry.
9. Potential security issues for both the implementing agency and the beneficiaries (e.g. risks of
attack, theft, extortion, tension) due to poor technical expertise and insecurity: this will typically
have a negative effect on people who are quite vulnerable and impatiently waiting for the CfW
program to start. The impact is considered significant to moderate, to the breaching of security
and integrity of the process of supplying equipment in the field, and more importantly safety of
people in the field operations, either when they gather for work, or when they go for payments.
Mitigation: adequate attention needs to be paid early to procurement, warehousing and the
delivery of supplies and equipment to expedite CfW activities
10. Potential temporary land acquisition, relocation of encroachers or IDPs, and interruption or loss of
livelihood. This would include: 1. temporary land acquisition for contractors’ camps and storage
of equipment; 2. relocation of encroachers due to sub-project activities; and 3. interruption and/or
restriction to access any business adjacent to subprojects causing loss of income and livelihood.
Mitigation: the World Bank Policy on Social Safeguards ‐ OP 4.12 will be triggered as a
precautionary measure;
11. Occupational health and safety issues (over-exertion, slipping, falling from heights, stuck by
objects, electrical shocks, respiratory problems): Community members (the majority of Project
beneficiaries) are considered ones of the most sensitive receptors of hazards during
implementation of CfW program. These are health effects related to Occupational Health and
Safety (OHS) through performing CfW small-scale civil works, which include: Street sweeping
and cleaning, painting of public buildings and street walls, painting of crosswalks, rehabilitation
of recreational spaces, rehabilitation of schools, health posts and other community buildings, and
other similar activities, brushing of bushes along access roads, clearing non‐private agricultural
land, breaking of rocks for road rehabilitation, cleaning and replacement of culverts, and drainage
clearance along roads, and other similar activities. Impacts would involve many health issues,
more specifically: over-exertion, slipping, falling from heights, getting stuck by objects, being
exposed to electrical shocks, and many other respiratory problems connected to air pollutants and
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aerosols. The impact is significant to moderate, and direct; however, it can be managed and
alleviated.
12. Community health and safety issues (pests & diseases, excavation, dust & noise, heavy traffic):
the surrounding communities, who are not directly involved in the Project interventions can also
receive health impacts (mainly respiratory ones), like those related to quality of ambient air
because of traffic and excavation, which could lead to a rise in particulate matter in the work area.
Impacts also include stress and discomfort due to rise of noise levels beyond allowable limits
because of using electrical and mechanical equipment. Health injuries connected to traffic
accidents could also be significant, as transport of equipment and labor is expected to increase.
Health issues of disease and pests spreading are expected, due to accumulation of various
materials at worksite including wastewater and solid waste. All of these health impacts on
community are considered moderate.
13. Wastewater disposal and solid waste accumulation: these are the broader impacts on the
surrounding environment, which are caused by wastewater discharge from worksite, and
insufficient management of solid waste onsite. The impact is considered significant to moderate,
direct, and indirect.
14. Land contamination & sediments runoff: if not managed properly, worksite can include many
hazardous pollutants, like spills of used oils, and solvents, which would have a negative effect on
land through contamination. Sediments originating from different construction materials, can also
impact land and surface water, especially in cases of runoff. The impact could be high to
moderate in this context and could be further alleviated.
15. Endangering biological life: Biological species are ones of the sensitive receptors of hazards in
the area. As explained in the biological life setting, the wider area of Iraq includes many species
of concern, birds, marine fish, and marshlands, amongst others. However, impact is considered
moderate, as activities are to be carried out in populated areas. Several precautionary measures
could be proposed in this regard.
16. Possible damage to objects of historical/ cultural value: some work would involve renovation of
sites and performing some light excavations. Due to the fact that Iraq is a rich source of
archeological remains, there would be some minor impacts expected on objects of cultural value,
due to illegal take, or physical damage. However, impact is foreseen moderate, and can be further
alleviated through proposing a set of measures in the area.
17. Discrimination among beneficiaries due to ethnicity, religion, culture, or gender. The area is still
in transition, and some political unrest, and issues related to ethnicity, religion, and culture are
still existing, which would result in exclusion of those groups from integration and support
opportunities, in particularly, psychosocial services. Mitigation: it is recommended that the health
workers, social workers and local volunteers receive awareness and training.
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18. Poor service due to insufficient capacity, cadre, and equipment: this is also an expected impact as
related to service provisions. However, these could be moderate in nature, as the Project will
include capacity building activities.
19. Inability to generate income from starting business due to inability to obtain the necessary
supplies in their location, and due to poor demand for their products and services in their location;
the impact is considered high to moderate.
20. Increasing debt burden, if beneficiaries fail to generate sufficient income to not only support their
family consumption needs, but to also pay back the micro‐loan; the impact is considered high to
moderate.
21. Potential of excluding poorest and marginalized people from SSN: In many cases, this is expected
because this group of people do not apply or are unaware of their eligibility or the potential
benefits, or being insufficiently educated to fill out the required application forms, or unable to
afford the time off or the transportation costs to physically apply for these benefits. The impact is
significant. However, a key to overcoming this impact is strong communication and outreach.
And the use of trained social workers;
22. Mistakenly excluding some poor and vulnerable beneficiaries as a result of PMT errors and
misidentification and effectiveness of targeting. This impact is significant on beneficiaries, as
selection process is quite sensitive.
The following table summarizes impacts and their relevant assessment
Table 14: Summary impacts and rating for this ESMF

# Impacts Rating
1 Inflation and price distortion in local markets if Negative, moderately significant, indirect, and in the
CfW is not monitored appropriately medium and long terms
2 Exploitation and diversion of cash to illegal Negative, moderately significant, indirect, and in the
activities due to mismanagement and corruption short and medium terms
3 Influence on local cultural norms by changing Negative, moderately significant, indirect, and in the
traditional responses to community needs or medium and long terms
volunteerism as a result of CfW intervention
4 Exclusion of certain vulnerable people by Negative, highly significant, direct, and in the short
providing inappropriate type of work for elderly, term
sick, and disabled community members
5 Child labor Negative, highly significant, direct and indirect, and
in the short term
6 Participants may come to view CfW as a source Negative, moderately significant, direct and indirect,
of long-term employment and rely on CfW and in the medium and long terms
positions as a primary source of income
7 Decreased agency and participation of women Negative, highly to moderately significant, direct, and
within their families and communities due to in the short and medium terms
women being unable to control over their own
incomes
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# Impacts Rating
8 Insufficient financial help due to discrepancy/ Negative, moderately significant, direct, and in the
noncompliance in the field operations short and medium terms
9 Potential security issues for both the During construction: Negative, highly to moderately
implementing agency and the beneficiaries (e.g. significant, direct, and in the short term
risks of attack, theft, extortion, tension) due to During operation: minor impacts
poor technical expertise and insecurity, during
construction
10 Potential temporary land acquisition, relocation of During construction: Negative, moderately to low
encroachers or IDPs, and interruption or loss of significant, direct and indirect, and in the short and
livelihood during construction medium terms
During operation: minor impacts
11 Occupational health and safety issues (tiredness, During construction: Negative, highly to moderately
slipping, falling from heights, stuck by objects, significant, direct, and in the short term
electrical shocks, respiratory problems), during During operation: minor to no impacts
construction
12 Community health and safety issues (pests & During construction: Negative, moderately
diseases, excavation, dust & noise, heavy traffic), significant, direct, and in the short and medium terms
during construction During operation: minor to no impacts
13 Waste water disposal and solid waste During construction: Negative, highly to moderately
accumulation during construction significant, direct and indirect, and in the medium
and long terms
14 Land contamination & sediments runoff during During construction: Negative, highly to moderately
construction significant, direct and indirect, and in the medium
and long terms
15 Endangering biological life during construction During construction: Negative, moderately
significant, direct and indirect, and in the short and
medium terms
During operation: minor to no impacts
16 Possible damage to objects of historical/ cultural During construction: Negative, moderately
value during construction significant, direct, and in the short term
During operation: no impacts
17 Discrimination among beneficiaries due to Negative, moderately significant, direct, and in the
ethnicity, religion, culture, or gender short term
18 Poor service due to insufficient capacity, cadre, Negative, moderately significant, direct, and in the
and equipment short and medium terms
19 Inability to generate income from starting Negative, highly to moderately significant, indirect,
business due to inability to obtain the necessary and in the medium and long terms
supplies in their location, and due to poor demand
for their products and services in their location
20 Increasing debt burden, if beneficiaries fail to Negative, highly to moderately significant, indirect,
generate sufficient income to not only support and in the medium and long terms
their family consumption needs, but to also pay
back the micro‐loan
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# Impacts Rating
21 Potential of excluding poorest and marginalized Negative, highly to moderately significant, indirect,
from SSN and in the medium and long terms
22 Mistakenly excluding some poor and vulnerable Negative, highly to moderately significant, indirect,
beneficiaries as a result of PMT errors and and in the medium and long terms
misidentification and effectiveness of targeting
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Chapter 6: Public Consultation and Engagement
6.1. Stakeholders’ Consultation

The Public consultation in general aims at introducing various interventions during the lifetime of the
Project to the Project Affected Persons (PAPs), to enable discussing possible environmental and
social impacts in a transparent way; and to collect views on how to strengthen opportunities and
diminish adverse consequences brought about by the Project.
The study team has used a pre-designed questionnaire to collect views from participants in all seven
governorates (Baghdad, Salahideen, Diayal, Anbar, Kirkuk, Ninawa, and Babel). The questionnaire
applied was intended to be simple, straightforward, and written in Arabic. The Questionnaire begins
with providing basic information about the Project, and its various components. Questions have
concentrated on social and environmental impacts, but with more emphasis on social/socio-economic
impacts, as expected from carrying out activities of Components 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, and 2. While
environmental impacts focused on workers and community heath, waste disposal, land contamination,
as well as damage to cultural/historical objects. Questions included the option to rate severity/
significance of the impact, and allowing for more input about other possible impacts, as well as
providing more space to express general views about the Project. Annex II provides a copy of the
questionnaire as well as a participants’ register.
Consultations involved individual interviews, along with fewer small meetings with vulnerable people
(mostly women), see pictures below. Meetings were mostly conducted within MOLSA’s departments
in Baghdad and Labor and Social Affairs Departments (LSADs) in the other six governorates. The
questionnaire was chosen for carrying out consultations to avoid public gathering/ big meetings, as the
target areas are still living insecurity conditions; visitors to the MOLSA departments were targeted,
while they were pursuing living opportunities and services at MOLSA’s different departments.
Additionally, the questionnaire saved a lot of time, money, and effort for setting up a public gathering
place. The following table provides primary information about participants:
Table 15: Participants of the consultation interviews

Parameter Baghdad Salahideen Diyala Anbar Kirkuk Ninawa Babel
Date(s) of 15, 16, 17, 18 16, 17, 18 Oct 4 & 5 Nov 28 Oct 2018 21 Oct 2018 15 & 16 Oct 17 & 18 Oct
interviews Oct 2018 2018 2018 2018 2018
Number of 20 19 14 15 21 13 20
participant
s
Gender 16 (M) 11 (M) 10 (M) 10 (M) 13 (M) 9 (M) 15 (M)
4 (F) 8 (F) 4 (F) 15 (F) 8 (F) 4 (F) 5 (F)
Marital 9 (single) 3 (single) 1 (single) 6 (single) 10 (single) 5 (single) 2 (single)
status 11 (married) 11 (married) 10 7 (married) 8 (married) 8 (married) 16 (married)
2 (divorced) (married) 2 (divorced) 3 (divorced) 2 (divorced)
3 (widowed) 3
(widowed
)
Educationa 1 (illiterate) 3 (illiterate) 13 8 (primary 5 (primary 2 (primary 1 (illiterate)
l level 1 (primary 10 (primary (primary school) school) school) 9 (primary
school) school) school) 2 (diploma) 13 (diploma) 7 (diploma) school)
14 (diploma) 3 (diploma) 1 5 3 4 6 (diploma)
1 3 (diploma) (undergraduate (undergraduate (undergraduate 4
(undergraduate (undergraduate ) ) ) (undergraduate
) ) )
2 (graduate)
Interviewees were asked to read and rate the expected environmental and social impacts, as suggested
in the Questionnaire. The following table shows top selections (highest percent) per each governorate
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and the overall rating accordingly. Results came in much agreement with the rating of impacts
suggested in Chapter 5 above.
Table 16: E&S impact rating by public consultation

Level of participation & Significance Rating Overall
Impacts Baghdad Salahideen Anbar Kirkuk Ninawa Babel Significance
Diyala
(20) (19) (15) (23) (13) (20) Rate
Component 1.1 – Cash-for-Work opportunities
1 Inflation and price Moderate High (68%) High Minor Moderate Moderate High Moderate
distortion in local (40%) (71.4%) (53%) (39%) (77%) (50%)
markets
2 Cash goes to illegal Minor Moderate High No No Moderate Moderate Moderate
activities (45%) (42%) (71.4%) impact impact (39%) (45%)
(60%) (48%)
3 No one wishes to Minor High (42%) High Moderate Minor Moderate Moderate Moderate
volunteer for (30%) (92.9%) (60%) (35%) (54%) (40%)
his/her community No
impact
any more.
(35%)
4 Elderly, sick, and Minor High (68%) High No No High High High
disabled (50%) (78.6%) impact impact (62%) (40%)
community (53%) (61%) Moderate
(40%)
members can’t
participate.
5 Child labor Minor High (42%) High Minor Minor High Moderate Minor
(35%) (92.9%) (80%) (52%) (69%) (35%)
6 Beneficiaries think Moderate High (58%) Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate High Moderate
of CfW as long- (55%) (50%) (86%) (35%) (54%) (30%)
term & primary Moderate
(30%)
source of income
7 Women at Moderate High (47%) (Moderate) Minor No Moderate Moderate Moderate
households are (50%) (64.3%) (60%) impact (77%) (35%)
unable to control (61%)
over their own
income
8 Discrepancy/ poor Moderate High (42%) (Moderate) Moderate High Moderate Moderate Moderate
selection of people (65%) (64.3%) (60%) (61%) (39%) (30%)
during field
operations
9 Security issues Minor Moderate (Moderate) No Moderate High High Moderate
(risks of attack, (55%) (42%) (64.3%) impact (39%) (54%) (30%)
extortion, theft, (67%)
tension)
10 Temporary land Minor High (53%) (Moderate) Minor Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate
acquisition, (40%) (71.4%) (60%) (48%) (54%) (40%)
relocation of
encroachers or
IDPs, and
interruption or loss
of livelihood
(adjacent
businesses)
11 Occupational health Minor Minor (Moderate) Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate
and safety issues (40%) (42%) (85.7%) (67%) (57%) (54%) (35%)
(over-exertion,
slipping, falling
from heights, stuck
by objects,
electrical shocks,
respiratory
problems)
12 Community health Minor High (68%) Moderate Minor Minor Moderate High Minor
and safety issues (50%) (57.1%) (80%) (52%) (31%) (40%)
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Level of participation & Significance Rating Overall

Impacts Baghdad Salahideen Anbar Kirkuk Ninawa Babel Significance
Diyala Rate
(20) (19) (15) (23) (13) (20)
(pests & diseases,
excavation, dust &
noise, heavy traffic)
13 Waste water Moderate High (84%) High Moderate Moderate High High Moderate
disposal and solid (55%) (50%) (73%) (39%) (77%) (45%)
waste accumulation
14 Land contamination Moderate High (79%) High Minor Minor High High High
& sediments runoff (55%) (71.4%) (53%) (30%) (69%) (40%)
15 Endangering Moderate High (47%) High Minor No High High High

biological life (40%) (57.1%) (40%) impact (54%) (40%)
(57%)
16 Possible damage to Moderate High (68%) High High No Moderate High High
objects of (35%) (57.1%) (60%) impact (46%) (45%)
historical/ cultural No impact (57%)
(35%)
value
Component 1.2 – psychosocial services
17 Discrimination Moderate High (58%) High No Moderate Moderate High Moderate
among beneficiaries (35%) (42.9%) impact (35%) (54%) (35%)
due to ethnicity, Minor (93%)
(35%)
religion, culture, or
gender
18 Poor service due to Minor High (84%) No impact High No High High High
insufficient (50%) (35.7%) (60%) impact (54%) (50%)
capacity, cadre, and (44%)
equipment
Component 1.3 – livelihood opportunities
19 Poor supplies and Minor High (53%) High Moderate Moderate High High High
poor demands for (60%) (64.3%) (60%) (48%) (62%) (40%)
products and Minor
(40%)
services in
businesses’
locations
20 Increasing debt Minor High (79%) High High Minor High High High
burden, fail to (45%) (57.1%) (53%) (48%) (69%) (35%)
generate sufficient Moderate
(30%)
income to support
their families, and
pay back loan
21 Beneficiaries Minor High (47%) High Moderate No Moderate High Moderate
change their (45%) (50%) (53%) impact (69%) (35%)
business (52%) Moderate
(30%)
22 Excluding poorest Moderate High (47%) High High Moderate High High High
and marginalized (50%) (71.4%) (67%) (30%) (85%) (60%)
(they are unaware! No
impact
or can’t go and/or
(30%)
apply)
23 Excluding poorest Moderate High (47%) High Moderate Minor High High High
and marginalized (50%) (64.3%) (67%) (39%) (62%) (70%)
(misidentification,
ineffective
targeting)
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The following two parts provide notes and views about the Project, which mostly express interests
and concerns about the Project, and few pictures taken during interviews.
Table 17: Notes and views collected during public consultations

Governorate Notes and views
Baghdad - Shortage in working staff, especially the social welfare, and field staff in rural areas
- Using state lands for agriculture is still restricted
- Fluctuation in market prices (imported goods)
- People are not fully aware about communication channels with MOLSA
- Financial aid for the poor could include for building them suitable houses
- Insufficient education for children in rural areas,
- Insufficient psychosocial support opportunities in rural areas
Salahideen - The Project should be a serious one, and should commence quickly
- The Project should have enough monitoring, and reaches out poor families
- Should include opportunities for housing the poor
- Most people do not have adequate knowledge about the Project, as they perceive it as
governmental job openings
- More attention to be given to the unemployed, the elderly, and the orphans
Anbar - There should be enough job opportunities for fresh graduates
- Vocational training centers in Anbar lack enough equipment
- Transportation expenses should be covered, especially those living in remote areas
- The Project is important to enhance social stabilization and revive economy
Kirkuk - The project in general is good and would service affected communities given it is within the
right hands away from financial corruption or exploitation work position
- The Project should avoid small wages, and should provide security to workers
- There should have enough monitoring on the CfW program
- Enough attention should be given to the poor in rural areas, as they do not know about the
Project
Ninawa - Additional activities are needed to cover more people
- The project as such would be beneficial for increasing self-esteem, and provide social support
- All vulnerable groups of women married, divorced, and widowed should be covered with the
SSNs
- The Project should diligently track those in need, especially those who are not covered by any
of the support programs
Babel & - None
Diyala
Table 18: Pictures taken during public consultations
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6.2. Stakeholders’ Participation

At this stage of the Project preparations, only the broader context of the Project design is known, thus,
the Project’s stakeholders would include key project proponent and implementing agencies, as well as
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a wide range of receiving communities and individuals. However, the Project is designed to have a
small-scale sub-project tailored to the seven target governorates, which, upon finalization, would have
narrower sets of site-specific, social and environmental impacts. These sub-projects should undergo a
site-specific ESMPs with a set of impacts classified B or lower. As part of the preparation and
clearance processes of these specific ESMPs, the contractors, or the implementing agencies, in
general, should identify sub-project’s specific stakeholders and project affected persons, the best level
of informing and communicating with them, and most importantly, the appropriate design of their
consultation meetings, as these are key requirements to the preparation of ESIA on the local and WB
levels.
The following sections provide key guiding elements of a Stakeholder’s Consultation and
Participation Plan (SCPP), which have been built on the broader context of ESSRP’s stakeholders.
This Plan needs to be revisited and tailored to each sub-project’s needs before commencement.
Identification of stakeholders
In order to define a communication process in line with the EIA Regulation, several stakeholder
groups that may be interested and/or affected by the Project development and implementation have
been identified. There are a number of groups of people and social groups who are interested in the
project on different levels. These may be described as following:
 People and groups who will be directly or indirectly affected by the project: these could
include a wide range of community members, vulnerable groups, social welfare institutions,
academic institutions, local business owners, suppliers, who will either be situated close to
Project’s activities or could feel the broader effects in the medium and long terms
 People and groups who may participate in the implementation of the project; these could
essentially include all participants in rehabilitation programs like the Psychosocial Support
Services (PSS), and CCT. In addition to NGOs, UN agencies, contractors, chain suppliers, and all
team members of the Project Management
 People and groups who may have a possibility to influence and make decisions on
implementation of the project and/or may have an interest in the Project: these could include
a wide range of stakeholders and decision makers, Ministry of Health and Environment, local
government leaders, public leaders, labor unions, environmental activists, and including Civil
Social Organizations (CSOs), NGOs, state entities, as well as direct proponent of the Project
(MOLSA)
 Stakeholders who may be interested in the project: those are stakeholders whom are not
affected by the project development per se but may have an interest in the implementation of the
Project: these would include other ministries in the GOI, and financing agencies.
Before commencement of the Project implementation, the Project team should embark on identifying
all stakeholders and how they link to the sub-project activities. The stakeholders register should be
prepared and revisited periodically and made readily available for public meetings and consultations.
The main groups of stakeholders identified so far are listed briefly as above. However, the list can be
updated and modified in the course of the Project development and as a result of cooperation of the
parties.
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Vulnerable Groups
The stakeholder list also targets vulnerable groups of the local community. Vulnerable groups are
project-specific and depend on a range of issues which must be understood such as project location,
socio-economic and demographic context, as well as the nature of the sub-project and type of impacts
anticipated.
The following would provide an overview of vulnerable groups identified within the context of this
ESMF. Such vulnerable groups include the following:
- Youth and unemployed women groups – because of cultural norms in Iraq which could
limit their participation in decision-making and their employment opportunities over males;
- Youth and unemployed – given that one of the key socio-economic challenges facing the
conflict survivors in target governorates is unemployment, the consultations should aim to
take into account specifically the interests and concerns of those groups into account.
- Children and elderlies – special considerations should be taken for covering these groups
with development benefits without causing harm or resulting in illegal trafficking. They could
be consulted through a suitable representative/ union.
- Persons with special needs and the handicapped – this group of people should be always
consulted on the best methods of their integration in the community, and how they could be
effective enough in the Project. Appropriate methods for consultation should be tailored to
their needs.
Given the various components and multi-location characteristics of the Project and its sub-projects,
there are considered to be additional vulnerable groups which would require special consideration
throughout the consultation process and which could include groups which are expected to be
disproportionally affected by the project impacts.
Phases of engagement
Upon starting of Project interventions, there will be smaller packages of activities (sub-projects),
which will need to undergo a preliminary Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA),
formulated, consulted on, and cleared through local official EIA regulations, yet they should fulfill the
requirements of the WB’s OP/BP 4.01. Sub-projects under this Project are necessarily categorized as
B. It is expected that no sub-project of category A be considered under the ESSRP. However,
Stakeholders and Public Affected Person should be consulted at least once for any sub-project of
category B. Consultations in this case can take the direct form through meetings, an ongoing form
throughout the project life cycle, and a localized information sharing boards (notice/ bulletin boards).
These are explained as following:
- ESIA engagement on a site-specific level;

- Ongoing engagement; and
- Notice/ local bulletin boards
Stakeholders’ engagement for ESIA preparation: the focus in this phase will be primarily
gathering information and opinions from stakeholders. Engagement activities will therefore include
interviews with stakeholders’ representatives (community leaders) and key information organizations
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(communities, authorities, academic institutions, CSOs, NGOs, and others) using one-on-one
meetings, workshops, or smaller focus group meetings. During these meetings, the Project proponent
should engage stakeholders in the following:
- Introduce the project and ESIA process

- Identify potential impacts and issues that will be covered in subsequent phases
- Further identify stakeholders related to the Project
- Identify and gain access to relevant data for the baseline
- Gather opinions on the proposed project and feed these into the assessment process
- Gather feedback on the development of management and mitigation measures of potential
impacts
This type of meeting can also be tailored to disclose environmental and social management plants
(ESMPs) after their preparation, but views collected are to be taken further and incorporated in a final
draft ESIA report.
Consultation meetings should be design in a way to maximize participation and collect feedback and
notes. At MOLSA, the PMO will be responsible for organizing consultation meetings, and should
therefore facilitate all possible means of communication, and publicize communication mechanisms
clearly on the central and peripheral levels (see below for communication mechanisms). Finally, non-
technical summaries of the ESIA report should be prepared in local languages and be easily accessible
by the local community.
Ongoing engagement: this phase should apply to all implementation time period of the Project. This
would include meetings on the local scale, where community representatives/ local governorate
committees convene with Project team on regular bases, to get updates and share interests and
concerns of the Project activities. The Public Relations Department at MOLSA, the local governorates
and municipalities, and Labor and Social Assistance Departments (LSADs) in target governorates can
also be involved to provide a better outreach to PAPs, especially at the local level.
Notice/ local bulletin boards: This is a quite simple and informative approach to inform literate
PAPs at the very local level about proceedings of the Project and job opportunities, important dates
and contacts, as well as complaining procedures, and many others. This kind of notice boards can be
placed on walls and entrances of municipal departments, governorates, LSADs, and others to be
identified in consultation with community representatives. However, information attached should
prepared in local language, and be easily accessed by visitors, and updated regularly
Communication Process and Methods
During Project implementation period, communication should be continuously maintained with the
Project stakeholders and PAPs for providing consultation and updates and other purposes as
mentioned above. Communication can be achieved through many mechanisms and approaches. The
following table suggests most appropriate communication mechanisms for different identified target
groups.
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Table 19: Identified stakeholders and most appropriate communication methods and tools
Communication methods and tools
Level of
Disclosure of
Stakeholder Correspondence
Individual/ MOLSA’s Project documents at Local
interest Objectives Group and official
Internal Website/so leaflets in Municipal/ Emails bulletin
in/involvement to meetings letters relating to
meetings cial media Arabic governorate boards
the project project
level
Stakeholders who may be directly or indirectly affected by the project
Community Ongoing reporting to provide regular updates on
X - X X X - X -
members project activities – e.g. details on locations of sub-
Social welfare projects, procurements, commencement dates, CfW
- - - X - X - X
institutions payments procedures and dates, psychosocial
Academic service providers, CCT, SSNs, any changes to the
above, etc; - - - X - X - X
institutions
Local business Provide affected communities with information on
Stakeholder Engagement Program; - X - - X X X X
owners
Suppliers Obtain feedback on the implementation of site- - X - - X X X X
Youth and the specific ESMPs and its various components.
Inform local stakeholders about employment X - X X X - X -
unemployed
opportunities, required qualifications, employment
Youth and procedures, job openings, and training
unemployed opportunities; X X - X - - X -
women Grievance mechanism and procedures.
Stakeholders who may participate in implementation of the project
Service providers Schedules for service delivery
X X - - X X - X
in PSS programs Procurements and requirements
NGOs/ UN Important dates for payments and other important
- X - - X X X X
agencies transactions
Participants in GRM
TORs - X X - X X - X
CCT programs
contractors Project updates - X X - X X X X
Chain suppliers Tender documents and contracting procedures - X X - X X - X
Project Occupational Health and Safety Plans
X X - - - X - X
Management Team Site-specific ESMPs
Possibility to influence and make decision on implementation of the Project
Ministry of Health Licensing requirements and procedures,
- X - - - X - X
and Environment Assigning dumping site,
Local government Updates on labor regulations,
- X - - - X - X
leaders Working conditions and OHS guidance
Public leaders TORs X X X X X - - -
labor unions GRM - X - X X X - X
Environmental Tender documents X X X X - X X -
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Communication methods and tools

Level of
Disclosure of
Stakeholder Correspondence
Individual/ MOLSA’s Project documents at Local
interest Objectives Group and official
Internal Website/so leaflets in Municipal/ Emails bulletin
in/involvement to meetings letters relating to
meetings cial media Arabic governorate boards
the project project
level
activists Project updates and reporting
CSOs & NGOs - X - - X X X X
State entities &
- X - - - X - X
MOLSA
Stakeholders who are not affected by the Project development but may be interested in the project
other ministries National and local governmental institutions (whom - X - - - X - X
might require that they undertake certain
inspections or auditing exercises and/or might
financing agencies - X - - - X - X
require certain updates on the implementation of
the Project).
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6.3. Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM)

During the Project implementation, and carrying out associated activities, negative effects on
beneficiaries and issues in the field are very likely, but – as explained above – are different in
magnitude. The most effective mitigation measure for the identified impacts will be ensuring that
project beneficiaries and project-affected people are actively involved. In this regard, there are two
main tools through which this can be achieved: (1) raising public awareness and carrying out
mandatory public displays; and (2) establishment of a viable Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM).
Raising public awareness
Information about the grievance handling system described below will be distributed at an early stage
of the Project to all Project Affected Persons through regular information channels used by the
Project, including initiating meetings at the start of the Project where feasible, public meetings during
project implementation, brochures/pamphlets in Arabic Language, posting on notice boards and
online when necessary. The process of raising a complaint should be explained by reaching out the
community in all targeted governorates, or by conducting a meeting with community representatives
at the local level. It is important that community representatives include women at all times.
MOLSA will have the overall responsibility of addressing concerns brought to the attention of the
focal points regarding any environmental and/or social impacts resulting from project activities.
As such, MOLSA will establish a unit in its head office to handle project activity‐related complaints
with one to two dedicated focal points. Multiple access points (telephone, complaint box, website,
email, text message, etc.) will be provided so that beneficiaries are provided with several modes to
voice complaints/concerns. The contact information of the GRM focal point(s) will be posted in the
local language at the local level. The Project Director in MOLSA will have the overall responsibility
of addressing concerns brought to the attention of the focal points regarding any environmental and/or
social impacts resulting from project activities. Complaints received by MOLSA will be registered,
tracked, investigated and promptly resolved. Copies of complaints will be recorded in the activity files
and the progress reports, including the number, type and actions taken.
Establishment of Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM)
Existing GRM system
Iraqi people approach MOLSA’s central departments and its peripheral directorates in the
governorates on daily bases for many reasons. Applications are being received mostly for the
following purposes:
- Applying for a job;

- Applying for a loan;
- Inclusion of new members in the SSN; and
- Inquiries and complaints.
Communication between the public and relevant departments at MOLSA go through many channels.
These include:
- Portals of the electronic government;

- The office of His Excellency the Minister of MOLSA;
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- The public relations and media and communication divisions: social media;
- Social Safety Department: Public relations, electronic mails, inquiry division, social media;
- The hotline 1018 (available through all national networks) in addition to formal landlines;
- Daily visits to other departments of MOLSA;
- Filling out pre-prepared paper formats; and
- Personal interviews with Social workers.
It was estimated that people approach the social safety department through website (1%), phone call
(41%), and visits to the center (58%). It was also estimated that women approach the Women Social
Protection Department through phone calls (39%), and direct applications at the central and peripheral
departments (61%). In August 2016, total number of applications was 4,773, of which 4,114 received
at peripheral offices. The majority of those applications were 70.1% as complaints. Only 39.4% of the
total complaints were resolved. However, there are many challenges that could hinder effectiveness
and coverage of the system. These include among others:
- Lack of experience and insufficient number of workers in the field;

- Weak system infrastructure, documentation, and record keeping;
- Multiple access points/ channels for lodging applications;
- Inappropriate working conditions, including stressed time and space;
- Non-reliable statistical analyses to support decision making;
- Lack of system monitoring and evaluation;
- Overlapping responsibilities for resolving inquiries; and
- Failure to ensure full compliance with the standards and policies set by the Ministry.
Proposed GRM system
The following section provides typical requirements for establishing a better system to serve for a
Project’s GRM.
The proposed GRM for the ESSRP aims to resolve issues that could come across implementation
promptly, more efficiently, and accurately. The design of the GRM system should provide means for
collecting supportive documents and evidences, investigating the problem, and supporting the final
decision. More specifically, the proposed GRM should:
- Reduce fraud and forgery;

- Increase trust between citizens and the state;
- Increase transparency in procedures;
- Include complainer in the process as part of the solution; and
- Circumvent issues before they escalate.
Key design features may include:
- Diversifying complaining channels and access points;

- Providing access points on the local level;
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- Setting clear procedures, including the use of simplified local language;

- Swiftly responding to complaints; and
- Allowing a two-way communication channel with the Complainant.
Complainants would commonly approach this GRM for many reasons, including those related to
incomplete or no service, vague procedures, inappropriate/ unfair treatment by the staff, and harm
(environmental and/or social) to individuals or groups as a result of carrying out the Project’s
interventions. Users of the system include all people working under this Project, and Project Affected
Persons (PAPs), as well as vulnerable groups providing their grievances directly or indirectly through
an intermediate.
The complaint/ grievance, once received, should be promptly resolved or undergo further
investigation. Complaints are sorted out according to complexity. Direct responses should be given to
simple inquiries by concerned staff member in 3-6 working days as a maximum, and should be
documented and archived as per the relevant procedure. While, more comprehensive measures should
be applied to complex issues, including field investigation and communicating with higher
management for final decisions within a timeframe of 20 working days as a maximum.
Procedure for Simple issues:
The design of this procedure aims to resolve issues that do not require field investigation, swiftly,
directly and at the point where the complainant lodges his/her application. In this case, the Complaints
Receiving Officer (Registration Officer) will interact with the complainant directly and instantly,
provide necessary explanations, and take actions accordingly. This would also include the Officer
delegating part of or the whole case to his/her assistant(s), in order to ensure a quicker response, and
not overloading higher management unnecessarily.
More specifically, the Registration Officer shall take the following actions upon receiving the
complaint:
- Determine the suitability and validity of the complaint and whether it is related to the Project
or any of its elements. If the complaint is not related to the Project, but is related to another
government entity, the responsible Officer will refer the complainant to the appropriate
authority to process his/her complaint;
- If the complaint is validated, the Registration Officer shall use a pre-prepared application
form to register the issue; and
- The Registration Officer shall then determine whether the complaint is valid for the solution
directly or need to be investigated and raised to a higher level. If the problem needs to be
investigated more, the Registration Officer must submit it directly to the other responsible
officer and not declare any action to the complainant before the investigation is completed.
However, the Officer shall ensure the following points before processing the application:
- Obtain a clear and complete picture of the complaint, this may require asking the complainant
additional questions; and
- Gain enough understanding of the outcome expected by the complainant, if the expectation
was unrealistic or not related to the issue, the Officer shall explain this to the complainant;
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This type of this complaint shall be resolved in no more than 3 – 6 days, which means that the
Complainant must get the final answer within a maximum period of 6 days. The complainant shall
also be notified in case of extension and be informed the reason thereabout. Nevertheless, the duration
should not exceed a 10-day time limit including necessary proceedings.
Procedure for Complex issues:
This stage of grievance redress involves further investigation and should be considered for the
following cases:
- If Registration Officer has already tried to solve the problem directly, but no satisfactory
result was obtained for the Complainant;
- The Complainant directly requested an investigation;
- The issue already requires careful research and investigation; and
- The problem is serious or could result in broader effects.
However, the following points should be fulfilled before advancing to a higher level:
- The Officer is fully aware of the problem and adequately understands the outcome the
Complainant is looking for;
- The Complainant was contacted for additional information, as there was ambiguity, or
missing supportive documents;
- The Registration Officer provides all his/her observations and steps taken in the previous
stages to the Officer responsible for the investigation.
The duration of this type of complaints is 20 days as a maximum, meaning the complainant must be
notified of the decision and the action taken within a total period of 20 days. In the case of logical and
legitimate reasons for extending the duration, the Project Management should determine the time
period. The Complainant should be informed of this extension. The reasons for the extension may
include:
- The persons involved in the investigation are travelling or on leave;

- Some basic information for the investigation can be obtained only during a certain time such
as the need to obtain administrative approvals; and
- In case of external circumstances, such as the investigation was blocked for security reasons.
There might be other reasons for an extension not listed above. It is the responsibility of the Project
Management to assess circumstances and the validity of extending GR time periods.
Closing the Complaint
After the completion of the proceedings, the complaint is closed, and the complaint information is
included in the system, including the action(s) taken and the result(s) required. The complainant shall
be notified of the result and the action immediately and informed of the possibility of objecting to the
procedure. Complainants will have the right to appeal their cases at a tribunal should the offered
solution/ compensation deemed unsatisfactory.
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The Complaint Registration Mechanism
The Officer responsible for receiving complaints will organize the complaint in the form pre-prepared
for this purpose (see Annex III for a sample form). The registration form should contain the following
fields as a minimum:
- Name of the complainant

- Complainant's address: Physical address and contact information (Telephone number, E-mail)
- Content of the complaint
- Referral information (for official use): The Officer responsible, and referral information
- Actions taken
Data Analysis and Reporting
The data will be analyzed and matched with the fieldwork. These data will be used to identify the
cause of the underlying problem and to take precautionary measures to avoid future occurrence of the
problem. The procedure will also be recorded as a future reference for similar cases.
The report will include total number of complaints, actions taken, number of complaints closed and
number of ongoing complaints. Reporting should include statistical information on various receiving
channels/ access points, and the most used ones. This information and alike will be studied for the
sake of improving service in the future.
Complaints lodging points and channels
- The Project Management Office in the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs – Baghdad;
- Project Offices in governorates: Ninawa, Anbar, Salahideen, Diyala, Kirkuk and Babel, and
subcommittees/ Labor and Social Affairs Directorates for each governorate; and
- Sub-committees (Social workers) of the Project in each governorate
The table below provides available communication channels for GRM of ESSRP
Table 20: Available communication channels for the GRM

Paper format (pre- - Responsible Officer at PMO/ MOLSA,
prepared registration - Responsible Officer of the sub-committees (to be assigned)
form) in governorates, then to be submitted via e-mail
Telephone - Hotline 1018 from all national networks
- Other landlines and mobile lines to be specified
- Phone calls to be recorded
MOLSA Official www.molsa.iq.gov

Website Responsible Officers in collaboration with IT team
Social Media Facebook page of MOLSA

Twitter: @molsa_iraq
Project’s email Molsa_projectmanagement@gmail.com
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GRM – Roles and responsibilities
The following table shows key roles and responsibilities for running and sustaining a GRM within the
ESSRP
Table 21: The proposed GRM roles and responsibilities

Project Manager - General supervision of the conduct of investigation and
processing procedures
- Referral of complaints to investigation
- Approval of results of the investigation and the measures
taken
Head of Complaints - Submitting of Complaints to the PMO
Team - Direct supervision of the investigation and registration teams
- Review and approval of the results and procedures
- Reporting to the higher management
Investigation Officer - Managing the investigation of the complaint
- Coordination with all parties to obtain all necessary
information for a complete result
- The conduction of an integrated investigation including
recommendations for actions
- Reporting to the head
Registration Officer - Complaint registration by paper and electronic formats
- Prompt actions to complaints if possible without referral
- Communicating with the Complainant throughout the
complaining process
- Providing final decisions/ answers and collecting feedback
after the Complaint has been addressed
For resettlement and land/property related grievances, the Project has prepared a Resettlement Policy
Framework (RPF) to address these issues more comprehensively.
World Bank Grievance Redress
Communities and individuals who believe that they are adversely affected by a World Bank‐supported
project may submit complaints to existing project‐level grievance redress mechanisms or the World
Bank’s Grievance Redress Service (GRS). The GRS ensures that complaints received are promptly
reviewed in order to address project‐related concerns. Project affected communities and individuals
may submit their complaint to the World Bank’s independent Inspection Panel which determines
whether harm occurred, or could occur, as a result of WB non‐compliance with its policies and
procedures. Complaints may be submitted at any time after concerns have been brought directly to the
World Bank's attention, and Bank Management has been given an opportunity to respond. For
information on how to submit complaints to the World Bank’s corporate Grievance Redress Service
(GRS), please visit http://www.worldbank.org/en/projects‐operations/products‐andservices/grievance‐
redress‐service. For information on how to submit complaints to the World Bank Inspection Panel,
please visit www.inspectionpanel.org.
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Chapter 7: Environmental and Social Management Framework
7.1. Proposed Environmental and Social Mitigation Measures

As explained in Chapter 5, views of the Project Affected Persons (PAPs) were also taken into
consideration and consequently have been reflected on the foreseen type and level of impacts.
To ensure the best alleviation of adverse impacts during implementation, an Environmental and Social
Management Framework (ESMF) is proposed. This management framework highlights the
requirements of managing environmental and social-related impacts; responsible parties for
management; requirements, and timeline for implementing mitigation measures in the broader
context. However, small projects, once determined, should undergo screening for site-specific
impacts, and preparation of relevant environmental impact assessment and focused management and
monitoring plans. Safeguard instruments for each sub-project should be prepared and publicly
consulted on before commencement.
This Chapter provides a tool for specific sub‐project level instruments that will be required to cover
both environmental and social aspects, including sub‐projects site‐specific Environmental and Social
Management Plan (ESMPs) and/or checklists (see Annex IV).
It is worth mentioning here that adverse impacts – depending on the degree of risk – are avoided,
eliminated, minimized, mitigated, or accepted. Therefore, negative impacts should undergo a second
round of ranking throughout Project life time, in order to give more sense to the effectiveness of
applying mitigation measures.
ESMF is considered a guide to the preparation of tender documents for smaller projects under this
ESSRP. However, site-specific site ESMP should be developed by contractors and implementing
agencies before commencing their project(s). Those parties will then hold the responsibility for
integrating the ESMP in their daily work. Additionally, the contractors as well as the Project
proponent are also required to monitor environmental and social parameters and ensure the full
adherence to the prepared ESMP.
Impacts identified in this ESMF are generic, and intended to provide a guide to the nature of effects
that could arise during implementation of the Project, in general, and throughout construction and
operation of site-specific civil works, in particular. However, thorough investigations for impacts
should be carried out for site-specific ESMPs. The following table presents a set of mitigation
measures in light of impacts identified at this stage of the Project.
Table 22: Proposed environmental and social mitigation measures

# E&S impacts Mitigation
1 Inflation and price distortion - Ascertain wage rates for skilled and unskilled labor in cooperation
in local markets if CfW is not with government, local leaders, and/or local business people;
monitored appropriately - Keep wages lower than the market rate in order to mostly attract
economically disadvantaged individuals;
- Survey the local economy on a regular basis throughout the project, to
ensure appropriate levels of wages;
- Consult other agencies implementing CfW in the same areas about
their CfW wage structure, to reduce disputes between communities;
and
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- Make pay rates modalities clear enough to beneficiaries
2 Exploitation and diversion of - Assess existing levels of corruption and diversion through applying
cash to illegal activities due tracking mechanisms with the help from specialists in this area; and
to mismanagement and - Adopt the best payment method according to different geographical
corruption contexts, including, transfers to bank accounts, and direct payments.
3 Influence on local cultural - Raise public awareness on importance of social cohesion through
norms by changing traditional voluntary work and benefits at the community level;
responses to community - Promote other running programs by the government that calls for
needs or volunteerism as a public service; and
result of CfW intervention - Disseminate information about vulnerable groups in the community
and about their basic needs to live and integrate.
4 Exclusion of certain - Set in an early stage a proper design for the ease of engaging
vulnerable people by vulnerable people in the development and providing enough suitable
providing inappropriate type job opportunities according to their needs; and
of work for elderly, sick, and - Reach out to these groups of people through applying promotional
disabled community programs that are enough and specific to their needs.
members
5 Child labor - Increase control over labor market, by performing regular inspections,
and putting more stringent employment terms on contractors, and
business owners; and
- Enforce punishment against violations.
6 Participants may come to - Adopt more transparency, and

view CfW as a source of - Provide clearer information to target people, especially through
long-term employment and specialists of central MOLSA’s and field teams.
rely on CfW positions as a
primary source of income
7 Decreased agency and - Women could be hired in exclusive female work crews, or be given
participation of women lighter, socially acceptable tasks such as cooking lunches for laborers,
within their families and babysitting, carrying water, guarding supplies; and
communities due to women - Wages can be disbursed promptly (per-diems), instead of going for
being unable to control over monthly payments.
their own incomes
8 Insufficient financial help due - Monitor through unannounced visits, field reporting, and pursuing
to discrepancy/ advice from program management;
noncompliance in the field - Regularly assess the poor under existing MOLSA’s PMT-based
operations registry; and
- Adopt a mixed targeting approach, by considering poorest locations
with highest numbers of potential beneficiaries, IDPs, and returnees.
9 Potential security issues for - Pay adequate attention to procurement, warehousing and the delivery
both the implementing of supplies and equipment to expedite CfW activities, as early as
agency and the beneficiaries possible;
(e.g. risks of attack, theft, - Understand and continuously evaluate security risks; and
extortion, tension) due to - Provide enough security measures in the field.
poor technical expertise and
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insecurity
10 Potential temporary land The World Bank Policy on Social Safeguards ‐ OP 4.12 will be triggered
acquisition, relocation of as a precautionary measure
encroachers or IDPs, and
interruption or loss of
livelihood
11 Occupational health and - Avoid manual transfer of big quantities of materials and heavy
safety issues (tiredness, equipment;
slipping, falling from heights, - Implement administrative controls into work processes, including
stuck by objects, electrical offering enough time and suitable conditions to rest.
shocks, respiratory problems) - Implement good house-keeping practices, and clean debris and spills
regularly;
- Locate electrical cords and ropes in common areas and marked
corridors,
- Train on and use proper scaffolding systems and personal fall arrest
systems;
- Use suitable Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), including helmets,
vests, gloves, masks, and hard boots where necessary;
- Check equipment for electrical loos, and apply maintenance only
through specialized persons;
- Use electricity-specific PPE where needed.
- Avoid assigning tasks to unskilled workers where special expertise is
required
- Provide training programs on the job to complement any deficiency
12 Community health and safety - Provide surveillance and active screening, immunization, and
issues (pests & diseases, treatment of workers and neighboring communities,
excavation, dust & noise, - Train health workers in disease treatment, and communicate with
heavy traffic) public health inspectors;
- Provide treatment on-site or in community health care facilities;
- Eliminate unusable impounded water, and apply vector control
programs;
- Erect suitable and adequate warning signage along culvert cleaning
and excavation sites;
- Avoid uncovered piles of aggregates and other construction materials;
- Avoid burning waste in worksites;
- Avoid or minimize driving through community areas and dangerous
routes and times of day,
- Alert drivers on local speed limits, and monitor implementation,
- Collaborate with local communities and responsible authorities to
improve signage and visibility;
- Minimize traffic by purchasing from the local markets.
13 Waste water disposal and - Identify available collection and treatment programs
solid waste accumulation - Establish collection and treatment priorities;
- Identify opportunities for reduce, reuse, and recycle;
- Put procedures and operational controls for on-site storage.
- Segregate and pre-treat oil and grease containing effluents,
- Discharge to sanitary network only after confirming compliance,
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- Avoid direct contact with wastewater through applying an enclosed
system for collection, containment, and disposal;
- Monitor groundwater quality that could exist close to the working
areas to ensure compliance.
14 Land contamination & - Minimize steepness of slopes,

sediments runoff - Re-vegetate if applicable,
- Design channels and ditches for expected flows,
- Modify/ suspend activities during extreme rainfall and high winds,
- Segregate or divert clean runoffs from water containing high solids
content,
- Monitor groundwater quality that could exist close to the working
areas to ensure compliance.
15 Endangering biological life - Ensure full adherence to the zero-discharge criterion,

- Oblige by legal transportation and dumping of materials in their pre-
designated and approved dumpsites,
- Stay in contact with the concerned authorities for accidental events,
- Raise awareness on the importance of natural life.
16 Possible damage to objects of - Make workers aware of the significance and legal liabilities,
historical/ cultural value - Put simple and clear instructions for workers in response to chance
finds,
- Liaise with responsible authorities,
- Suspend excavation work and promptly communicate any chance
finds to the responsible authorities.

17 Discrimination among - Provide health workers, social workers and local volunteers with
beneficiaries due to ethnicity, enough awareness and training;
religion, culture, or gender - Ensure adequate monitoring during service delivery; and
- Ensure proper complaining system and corrective measures are in
place.
18 Poor service due to - Ensure enough capacity building courses for all types of work within
insufficient capacity, cadre, the design of ESSRP;
and equipment - Ensure adequate provisions of medical and supportive equipment
within the design of ESSRP; and
- Ensure enough numbers of staff equivalent to numbers of service
receivers in each area.

19 Inability to generate income - Limit chain supplies to the local market as much as possible;
from starting business due to - Provide enough promotional information for beneficiaries upon their
inability to obtain the contact with the authorities; and
necessary supplies in their - Increase marketing campaigns for local products through available
location, and due to poor media.
demand for their products
and services in their location
20 Increasing debt burden, if - Provide technical advice for business owners/ seekers;
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beneficiaries fail to generate - Provide enough means for marketing; and
sufficient income to not only - Enable relaxed and simplified procedures for debtors to pay back the
support their family loan.
consumption needs, but to
also pay back the micro‐loan

21 Potential of excluding poorest - Establish a strong communication and outreach programs for target
and marginalized from SSN people;
- Provide capacity development to the social workers in the field;
- Engage public sector and simplify acquisition and flow of data; and
- Upgrade essential platforms.
22 Mistakenly excluding some - Improve targeting and selection systems and upgrade where
poor and vulnerable applicable;
beneficiaries as a result of - Increase capacity building of the working team; and
PMT errors and - Maintain databases up-to-date.
misidentification and
effectiveness of targeting
7.2. Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring

As discussed before, ESSRP will mainly involve socio-economic impacts, which related mostly to the
way how aid programs (CfW, psychosocial service, livelihood opportunities, SSNs, etc.) are run and
communicated to the target communities. The Project Management is required to maintain a diligent
and ongoing level of observation, either direct in the field, or through implementing agencies and
dedicated communication mechanisms, including the GRM. In general, the PMO of MOLSA as well
as other peripheral directorates at the government level are held responsible for supervision/ M&E.
Other authorities can also be part of monitoring and providing assistance where required, for instance,
traffic, archaeological, and security departments. Costs incurred, and other resources, for
management and monitoring should have been already allocated in the Project budget. However, the
Project design is flexible and may allow for sourcing out some specialized technical assistance for the
sake of preserving a good level of implementation and thus, gain sound results on the ground. These
might include technical and financial assistance in the area of targeting and selecting, data
management related tools, as well as financial advice.
On another hand, environmental impacts are moderate to low in magnitude, site-specific, and should
be monitored on periodical bases. Environmental parameters to be monitored include, inter-alia,
particulate matter, noise, water and soil quality, waste accumulation, oil spillage, and wastewater
discharges. In this case, PMO should determine these requirements and needed resources, and
integrate them into contractor’s agreements. However, PMO and other directorates in the field, in
liaison with, and service from related authorities, are considered for monitoring and inspection. A site-
specific Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) should be prepared by contractors and
revisited throughout the contract period. However, sub-projects are only screened to be category B, in
order to be contracted. Additional information on screening and required safeguards instruments are
discussed in Chapter 9.
This ESMF includes Cost estimates for monitoring pollutants and provision of needed devices, which
are included in the Contractors budget. Project Management is required to monitor and evaluate the
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implementation compliance with safeguards instrument in the field, as part of their M&E
responsibility.
Managing and monitoring Occupational Health and Safety aspects of work is of great importance.
Contractors are required to adhere to safety requirements and the use of appropriate protection gear by
workers. This ESMF provides a general guide on Best Management Practices (BMPs) for most
common work environments but tailored for the small-scale civil works included in this Project.
These requirements and guides should form an integral part of agreements with contractors and
project implementing agencies. These guides are mainly extracted from the WBG’s Environmental
Health and Safety Guidelines of 2008. PMO and labor directorates and other concerned officials in
the field are also responsible for monitoring compliance and the actual implementation of
management measures by contractors in worksite.
Additional monitoring measures are also considered to support the implementation, monitoring, and
compliance with the ESMF, including: (a) annual fiduciary audits/ post‐review of a subset of sub‐
projects with respect to design and implementation of site specific ESMPs and/or checklists; and (b)
implementation support missions carried out by the World Bank which would include environmental
and social implementation expertise. The following table provides a framework E&S management
and monitoring.
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Table 23: Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Framework

Monitoring
# Impacts Mitigation measures
Responsibilities Requirements Time/ Frequency Cost estimate
Component 1.1 - CfW
1 Inflation and price - Ascertain wage rates for skilled and unskilled - MOLSA/PMO - Field survey Ongoing Integrated within
distortion in local labor in cooperation with government, local - Field inspectors - Coordination/ daily operational
markets if CfW is leaders, and/or local business people - LCC communication cost
not monitored - keep wages lower than the market rate in - LSADs - CfW program
appropriately order to mostly attract economically
disadvantaged individuals
- Survey the local economy on a regular basis
throughout the project
- Consult with other implementing parties for
the same CfW program
- Make pay rates modalities clear enough to
beneficiaries
2 Exploitation and - Assess existing levels of corruption and - MOLSA/PMO - Field survey - Before start of Operational cost
diversion of cash to diversion through applying tracking - Field inspectors - Coordination/ CfW program within CfW
illegal activities mechanisms - LCC communication - Throughout CfW program
due to - Adopt the best payment method according to - LSADs - Financial advice program
mismanagement - CfW program
different geographical contexts, including, - Security
and corruption transfers to bank accounts, or direct payments
3 Influence on local - Raise public awareness on importance of - MOLSA/PMO - Educational Ongoing Operational cost
cultural norms by social cohesion through voluntary work and - Social workers programs within CfW
changing benefits at the community level - LCC - Follow up by program
traditional - Promote other running programs by the - LSADs social workers
responses to government that calls for public service - Media - Feedback
community needs - Disseminate information about vulnerable received through
or volunteerism as groups in the community and about their basic different official
a result of CfW needs to live and integrate units/ social
intervention media/ websites
4 Exclusion of - Set in an early stage a proper design for the - MOLSA/PMO - Promotional - Before start of 10 K USD/
certain vulnerable ease of engaging those people in the - Field inspectors media CfW program month/
people by development - LCC - Field reports - Throughout CfW governorate for
providing - Provide enough suitable job opportunities - LSADs - All available program promotional
inappropriate type according to their needs complaining programs
of work for elderly,
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Monitoring
sick, and disabled - Reach out and provide enough promotional systems
community programs
members
5 Child labor - Increase control over labor market, by regular - MOLSA/PMO - Field reports - Before start of - Included within
inspections, and putting more stringent - Field inspectors - All available CfW program operation cost
employment terms on contractors, and - LCC complaining - Throughout CfW of CfW
business owners - LSADs systems program
- Enforce punishment against violations - Implementing agencies/
contractors
6 Participants may - Adopt more transparency - MOLSA/PMO - Field reports Ongoing 10 K USD/
come to view CfW - Provide clearer information to target people, - Field inspectors - All available month/
as a source of long- especially through specialists of central - LCC media channels governorate for
term employment MOLSA’s and field teams - LSADs campaigns
and rely on CfW
positions as a
primary source of
income
7 Decreased agency - Women could be hired in exclusive female - MOLSA/PMO - Field reports Throughout CfW Included within
and participation of work crews, or be given lighter, socially - Social workers - All available program operational cost
women within their acceptable tasks such as cooking lunches for - LCC media channels of CfW
families and laborers, babysitting, carrying water, guarding - LSADs - All available
communities due supplies - Implementing agencies/ coordination
to women being - Wages can be disbursed promptly (per- contractors channels
unable to control diems), instead of monthly payments - All available
over their own complaining
incomes channels
8 Insufficient - Monitor through unannounced visits, field - MOLSA/PMO - Field reports Throughout Cost for targeting
financial help due reporting, and pursue advice from program - Social workers - All available component and selection is
to discrepancy/ management - Filed inspectors complaining implementation included in total
noncompliance in - Regularly assess the poor under existing - LCC systems component cost
the field operations MOLSA’s PMT-based registry - LSADs - System advice
- Adopt a mixed targeting approach, by - Implementing agencies/
considering poorest locations with highest contractors
numbers of potential beneficiaries, IDPs, and - PMT system specialists
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Monitoring
returnees
9 Potential security - Pay early, and adequate attention to - MOLSA/PMO - Field reports Ongoing - 600
issues for both the procurement, warehousing and the delivery of - Field inspectors - Security reports USD/month for
implementing supplies and equipment to expedite CfW - LCC from authorities security guard
agency and the activities - LSADs - Surveillance onsite
beneficiaries (risk - Understand and continuously evaluate - Implementing agencies/ systems - Other costs
of attack, theft, security risks included within
contractors
extortion, tension) - Provide enough security measures in the field - Security authorities operational
costs
- Security guards onsite
10 Potential - Prepare site-specific RAP/ ARAP in - MOLSA/PMO - Field reports Ongoing - Cost of RAP/
temporary land accordance to provisions of OP/BP 4.12 - LCC - All available ARAP varies
acquisition, - LSADs consultation according to
relocation of - Implementing agencies/ channels sites
encroachers or contractors - All available - Cost of
IDPs, and
- Social workers coordination monitoring is
interruption or loss included in
of livelihood - GRM personnel channels
- All available operational
complaining costs
channels
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Monitoring
11 Occupational - Avoid manual transfer of big quantities of - MOLSA/PMO - Field inspection - Throughout CfW - 200 USD/
health and safety materials and heavy equipment - LCC - Field reports program worker for a
issues (tiredness, - Implement administrative controls into work - LSADs - All available - On daily basis complete set of
slipping, falling processes, including offering enough time and - Implementing agencies/ complaining PPE
from heights, stuck suitable conditions to rest contractors channels - Other
by objects, - Implement good house-keeping practices, and - Environmental workers monitoring
electrical shocks, clean debris and spills regularly costs included
respiratory - Locate electrical cords and ropes in common in the daily
problems) areas and marked corridors operations
- Train and use proper scaffolding and personal
fall arrest systems
- Use suitable Personal Protective Equipment
(PPE), including helmets, vests, gloves, masks,
and hard boots where necessary
- Check equipment for electrical loos, and apply
maintenance only through specialized persons;
- Use electricity-specific PPE where needed
- Avoid assigning tasks to unskilled workers
where specialized expertise required
- Provide training programs on the job
12 Community health - Provide surveillance and active screening, - MOLSA/PMO - Field reports - Bi-weekly for - 10 K USD/
and safety issues immunization, and treatment of workers and - LCC - Handheld measurements measuring
(pests & diseases, neighboring communities - LSADs Measuring - Throughout CfW devices
excavation, dust & - Train health workers in disease treatment, and - Implementing agencies/ devices (air PM program - 1000
noise, heavy communicate with public health inspectors contractors/ E&S & Noise) USD/month/site
traffic) - Provide treatment on-site or in community specialists - Incident reports for
health care facilities - Environmental workers onsite measurements
- Eliminate unusable impounded water, and - Health workers - Health care and reporting
apply vector control programs - Local authorities/ traffic centers - 1000
- Erect suitable and adequate warning signage dept. - Speed USD/month/site
along culvert cleaning and excavation sites monitoring for health care
- Avoid uncovered piles of aggregates and other - Others included
construction materials in operational
- Avoid burning waste in worksites cost
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Monitoring
- Avoid or minimize driving through
community areas and dangerous routes and
times of day
- Alert drivers on local speed limits, and
monitor implementation
- Collaborate with local communities and
responsible authorities to improve signage and
visibility
- Minimize traffic by purchasing from the local
markets
13 Waste water - Identify available collection and treatment - MOLSA/PMO - Field reports - Bi-weekly for - 10 K USD/
disposal and solid programs - Implementing agencies/ - Site inspection measurements measuring
waste - Establish collection and treatment priorities contractors/ E&S - Handheld - Throughout CfW devices
accumulation - Identify opportunities for reduce, reuse, and specialists Measuring program - 1000
recycle - Environmental workers devices (water USD/month/site
- Put procedures and operational controls for - Public health inspectors quality) for
on-site storage - Local authorities/ water - Incident reports measurements
- Segregate and pre-treat oil and grease and municipal authorities onsite and reporting
containing effluents, - Others included
- Discharge to sanitary network only after in operational
confirming compliance cost
- Avoid direct contact with wastewater through
applying an enclosed system for collection,
containment, and disposal
- Monitor groundwater quality that could exist
close to the working areas to ensure
compliance
14 Land - Minimize steepness of slopes - MOLSA/PMO - Field reports - Bi-weekly for - 10 K USD/
contamination & - Re-vegetate if applicable - Implementing agencies/ - Site inspection measurements measuring
sediments runoff - Design channels and ditches for expected contractors/ E&S - Soil samples - Throughout CfW devices
flows specialists - Incident reports program - 1000
- Modify/ suspend activities during extreme - Environmental workers onsite USD/month/site
rainfall and high winds - Local authorities/ water - Other authorities for
- Segregate or divert clean runoffs from water and municipal authorities measurements
containing high solids content and reporting
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Monitoring
- Monitor groundwater quality that could exist - Others included
close to the working areas to ensure in operational
compliance cost
15 Endangering - Ensure full adherence to the zero-discharge - MOLSA/PMO - Field reports Periodical - Inspection cost
biological life criterion - Implementing agencies/ - Site inspection inspection included in the
- Oblige by legal transportation and dumping of contractors/ E&S - Incident reports (monthly) component
materials in their pre-designated and approved specialists onsite
dumpsites - Environmental workers - Other authorities
- Stay in contact with the concerned authorities - Local authorities/ Ministry procedures
for incidents of Health and
- Raise awareness on the importance of natural Environment
life
16 Possible damage to - Make workers aware of the significance and - MOLSA/PMO - Field reports - Throughout CfW - Inspection cost
objects of legal liabilities - Implementing agencies/ - Incident reports program included in the
historical/ cultural - Put simple and clear instructions for workers contractors/ E&S onsite - Periodical component
value in response to chance finds specialists - Other authorities inspection - Costs from
- Liaise with responsible authorities - Environmental workers procedures (monthly) other
- Suspend excavation work and promptly - Local authorities/ authorities are
communicate any chance finds to the archaeological dept. included in
responsible authorities their
operational cost
17 Discrimination - Provide health workers, social workers and - MOLSA/PMO - Field reports Ongoing - Inspection cost
among local volunteers with enough awareness and - LCC - Site inspection included in the
beneficiaries due to training - LSADs - Incident reports component
ethnicity, religion, - Ensure adequate monitoring during service - Field inspectors onsite - Costs from
culture, or gender - All available
delivery - Implementing agencies/ other
- Ensure a proper complaining system and contractors complaining authorities are
corrective measures in place - Social workers systems included in
their
- Health workers
operational cost
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Monitoring
18 Poor service due to - Ensure enough capacity building courses for - MOLSA/PMO - Field reports Ongoing - Inspection cost
insufficient all types of work within the design of ESSRP - LCC - Site inspection included in the
capacity, cadre, - Ensure adequate provision of medical and - LSADs - Incident reports component
and equipment supportive equipment within the design of - Field inspectors onsite - Costs from
ESSRP - Implementing agencies/ - All available other
- Ensure enough numbers of staff for service contractors complaining authorities are
receivers in each area - Social workers channels included in
their
- Health workers
operational cost
19 Inability to - Limit chain supplies to the local market as - MOLSA/PMO - Field reports Throughout Promotional and
generate income much as possible - LCC - All available component marketing costs
from starting - Provide enough promotional information for - LSADs media channels implementation are included in
business due to beneficiaries upon their contact with the - Field inspectors - All available period the operational
inability to obtain authorities coordination cost
the necessary - Increase marketing campaigns for local channels
supplies in their products through available media - All available
location, and due complaining
to poor demand for channels
their products and
services in their
location
20 Increasing debt - Provide technical advice for business owners/ - MOLSA/PMO - Field reports Throughout Cost for advice
burden, if seekers - LCC - All available component and running
beneficiaries fail to - Provide enough means for marketing - LSADs media channels implementation complaining
generate sufficient - Enable more relaxed and simplified - Field inspectors - All available period systems are
income to not only included in the
procedures for debtors to pay back the loan - Social workers coordination
support their operation cost
family - Financial advisors channels
- All available
consumption complaining
needs, but to also channels
pay back the
- Financial advice
micro‐loan
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Monitoring
21 Potential of - Establish a strong communication and - MOLSA/PMO - Field reports Throughout Cost is included
excluding poorest outreach programs for target people - LCC - All available component within the
and marginalized - Provide capacity development to the social - LSADs media channels implementation operational costs
from SSN workers in the field - Other authorities - All available period
- Engage public sector and simplify acquisition responsible for providing coordination
and flow of data data channels
- Upgrade essential platforms - Field inspectors - All available
- Social workers complaining
channels
22 Mistakenly - Improve targeting and selection systems and - MOLSA/PMO - Field reports Throughout Cost for targeting
excluding some upgrade where applicable - Social workers - All available component and selection is
poor and - Increase capacity building of the working - Filed inspectors complaining implementation included in total
vulnerable team - LCC systems period component cost
beneficiaries as a - Maintain databases up-to-date - LSADs - System advice
result of PMT
errors and - Implementing agencies/
misidentification contractors
and effectiveness - PMT system specialists
of targeting
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7.3. Site Visits and Reporting Requirements

During Project implementation, the PMO should put in place a communication and reporting
mechanism in order to achieve goals of the Environmental and Social Management Framework. The
system should outline frequency of field visits, communication pathways, and content of reporting as
a minimum. During implementation, the Project proponent is required to monitor all key
environmental indicators on the ground as delineated above. It is advisable to jointly conduct site
visits to the Project site by the Project proponent and representatives at the governorate level
(including from concerned municipalities), as well as and the Contractor's E&A safeguard specialist.
Site visits and reporting may include the following:
1. Conduct one site visit to each Project site prior to start. This site visit will aim to depict any new
environmental and/ or social developments on the ground. This will be helpful for understanding
site-specific requirements for preparing a sound ESMP. This site visit should result in preparing a
site visit report, which would include: date of visit, participants, specifics of the site visited,
photos, names of interviewees, conclusions, and recommendations. The site report will then be
submitted and filed at PMO/ MOLSA. This is also to be shared with WB team as applicable.
2. Similarly, conduct another one visit to the worksite after civil works have started already (for
CfW). This visit will aim to ensure that the Contractor/ implementing agencies understand
requirements of safeguards instruments for each site, and the importance of compliance
accordingly. The participants of the visit should make sure the Contractor/ implementing agencies
have hired an E&S safeguard specialist within their team to handle all related monitoring tasks.
The visiting team should report this visit to the higher management (PMO/ MOLSA). Reporting
information should include at minimum: date of visit, participants, specifics of the visit,
observations, photos, names of interviewees, and recommendations for improvement.
3. Continuous reporting (weekly) on safeguards implementation by the Contractor's E&S specialist.
Reporting should be made to PMO/ MOLSA and/or LSADs for approval and comments. Then
reporting back to the Contractor for further actions.
4. Instant reporting in case of emergency, severe accident, or fatalities by the Contractor’s E&S
specialist. Reporting should be made through a dedicated direct hotline with national security
forces and/or civil defense.
5. Reporting quarterly on safeguards implementation by the Contractor's E&S specialist. Reporting
should be made to PMO for approval and comments. Then reporting back to the Contractor for
further actions. Finalized quarterly reports should be submitted to the higher management
MOLSA and the World Bank.
6. Monitoring process has to include consulting/ interviewing PAPs (recommended quarterly)
throughout Project implementation. This exercise aims to collect feedback from the surrounding
communities on effectiveness of Environmental and Social Safeguards. This measure would be
important to ground-truth actual and effectiveness of implementation of social mitigation
measures, and the Grievance Redress Mechanism set forth is effective. All feedback/ complaints
should be documented in a site visit report and submitted to the Project Management (PMO). A
full inventory of interviewees should be included in such report, which could include, among
others, the following:
- Name, age, profession, educational level, place of residence, contact information,
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- Daily observations by the interviewee on: dust, noise, air quality, traffic, waste releases,
workforce interference with daily/ natural life, targeting and selection of potential
beneficiaries, cases of communicable diseases, etc.
- Specific complaints and/or concerns about the Project,
- Photos as applicable,
The following table gives more insight to the proposed visiting and reporting mechanism
Table 24: Monitoring and reporting schedule during construction phase

# Type of Timing Reporting (from whom to Description
reporting whom)
1 Monitoring Once before From Representatives of LSADs This stems from LSADs & LCCs
Project site start of work & LCCs, Municipalities, and responsibility to ensure preparedness of the
before start Contractor's E&S specialist Project’s different sites to receive the new
To the higher management interventions (environmentally, socially, etc).
MOLSA/PMO and WB This site report is a descriptive one and
should contain expert observations and
feedback from surrounding people.
2 Monitoring Once upon From Representatives of LSADs This stems from LSADs & LCCs
Contractor's starting the & LCCs, Municipalities, and responsibility to ensure Contractor's full
obligations Project Contractor's E&S specialist compliance to ESMP. This visit report is a
towards ESMP To the higher management qualitative and quantitative one on the
MOLSA/PMO Contractor's environmental and social
Then From LSADs to Contractor provisions (for example. Handheld
for action monitoring devices, spill containment, PPEs,
etc.)
3 Monitoring On weekly From the Contractor's E&S This is to ensure full compliance to
safeguards basis specialist environmental and social safeguards by the
To the LSADs & LCCs Contractor throughout Project
supervision teams, implementation. This report is essentially
Then back to Contractor for technical in heart, which should include
action figures and trend analyses for key
environmental and social parameters.
4 Monitoring Quarterly From the Contractor's E&S Aims to engage higher management in
safeguards progress specialist monitoring progress, and to ensure their buy-
reporting To the LSADs & LCCs in. This report should include summary
supervision teams, To the higher information on parameters above limits and
management at MOLSA/PMO how they were rectified, and other issues and
and WB challenges and actions responded to.
Then back to the Contractor for
action
5 Reporting Instant From the Contractor's E&S Aims to ensure preparedness for different
emergency, specialist/ site engineer emergencies at worksites. And provide
accidents, To the responsible security forces medical assistance on the spot. This type of
fatalities, etc. and/or civil defense and/or care reaction should later on be translated into an
center updated set of corrective and preventative
Then back to the Contractor for actions for future incidents.
corrective and preventive
measures
6 Monitoring Quarterly From Representatives of LSADs Aims to rectify proceedings of the Project for
complaints/conc from starting & LCCs, Municipalities, and healthier environmental and social aspects
erns of local implementatio Contractor's E&S specialist during implementation, in addition to
community n To the higher management of measure local community's satisfaction/
MOLSA/PMO, concerns. This reporting could be integrated
Then back to Contractor for within the same quarterly report (as in # 4).
action
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Chapter 8: Institutional Arrangements and Capacity Building

It is quite essential to have a well-defined institutional and implementation mechanism for identifying,
appraising, managing and monitoring safeguards at all levels. This Chapter presents current
institutional setting at MOLSA and lays out the roles and responsibilities of various parties and the
due diligence process that will need to take place from the onset of the Project through
implementation completion.
8.1. Institutional and Implementation Arrangements

The Project will be implemented by Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs (MOLSA) under the
guidance of the existing Supreme Committee for Poverty Reduction Strategy (SCPRS), chaired by the
Prime Minister, which will ensure strategic coordination of the Project activities. However,
operational coordination will take place through the Technical Committee for Poverty Reduction
Strategy (TCPRS), which is chaired by the Secretary General of the General Secretariat of the Council
of Ministers.
A Project Management Office (PMO) will be established within the structure of MOLSA to execute
the Project and will report directly to the Office of the Minister of MOLSA. The PMO will mainly
draw upon resources from MOLSA in general, and the Social Protection Commission (SPC) in
particular, as well as hire consultants throughout the Project life cycle, and as needed. PMO will be
collectively managed by a Project Management Team (PMT). PMO will also engage other key
departments within MOLSA structure, one of which is the Public Relations Department (PRD) that
will aim to facilitate communication with the public and Project’s beneficiaries.
The PMO will work closely with the MOLSA Labor and Social Assistance Departments (LSADs) in
each governorate. These LSADs report to the central MOLSA and coordinate closely with local
government. A Local Coordination Committee (LCC), chaired by the Governor, will be established in
each target governorate. LCC will also include members from sectorial ministries. The LCC will
assist in the selection of locations, type of projects, facilitating access to sites, monitoring, avoiding
duplication, and coordinating CfW activities at the governorate. LSADs may also recruit consultants
to support implementation, particularly as it relates to communications, fiduciary, safeguards, and
M&E. LSADs, working closely with local government, will be responsible for facilitating the
selection of beneficiaries for CfW and monitoring the number of days each worker has worked on
projects and identify constraints to project implementation and take immediate corrective steps.
Program parameters will be developed within the Project Operation Manual (POM) which will guide
implementation over the three‐year life of the Project.
Given the existing capacity constraints, the Project will support the Government in subcontracting UN
agencies and/or NGOs to implement sub‐projects and engage communities through extensive
consultations and capacity building efforts. The project will also build on the capacities of MOLSA at
the decentralized level, leveraging their capability to mobilize social workers to be trained into design
and implementation with a strategic aim of having this program built in as part of the productive
safety nets within MOLSA, and in accordance with the Iraq Social Protection Strategic Roadmap
2015‐2019, implemented with support from the World Bank. The following figure shows a schematic
diagram for institutional settings.
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Prime Minister
SCPRS
National
recovery and TCPRS
stabilization
programs
Minister
MOLSA
SPC PMO PRD

Governorate
Governorate
Governorate
Baghdad Salahideen Anbar
LSADs LSADs LSADs
LCC LCC LCC

Governorate
Governorate
Ninawa Kirkuk
LSADs LSADs
UN/NGOs LCC LCC

CfW
Project’s beneficiaries
Governorate
PAPs
Governorate
Diyala Babel
LSADs LSADs
LCC LCC
Figure 5: Illustrative institutional diagram
PMO roles and responsibilities framework
The PMO will be in charge of all day-to-day planning, coordination, implementation and supervision
of environmental/social safeguards specific to sub-projects, and will coordinate with all relevant
agencies, and governorates. The PMO will also be responsible for documentation, procurement of
goods contracting, overall fiduciary activities. Monitoring & Evaluation and reporting to the Ministry
of Labor and Social Affairs and the World Bank on all aspects of project implementation.
It is envisaged that if additional capacity is required, the PMO may recruit external consultants who
have sufficient expertise to support PMO’s focal points/ committees on the governorate level (local
coordination committees). These include Environmental and Social safeguards specialists.
At the field level, it is expected that the PMO’s environmental and social focal points/ social workers
will conduct regular field supervision to ensure compliance of contractors, their workers and
practices, reference to site-specific ESMPs prepared in advance. The PMO will also require
contractors hire specialized staff in environment, social development and health and safety to conduct
daily supervision on field activities and prepare noncompliance reports on which the PMO will
investigate and take action accordingly.
The PMO will also be responsible for preparing and submitting quarterly progress reports providing
detailed information on procurement, financial management, and environmental and social issues. In
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addition, an annual external audit, combining both technical and financial audit components, will be
conducted to ensure the appropriate use of funds and to monitor physical progress in the targeted
activities.
The World Bank will provide continuous implementation support through regular supervision
missions to ensure that the PDOs are met and that the results framework are adequately measured.
Further, the bank team based in Baghdad will be providing close handholding support on various
project aspects especially on the technical, safeguards and fiduciary aspects.
Contractors, on the other hand, will be responsible for Implementation of the site-specific ESMPs.
The contractor should nominate a qualified environmental, health and safety consultant and a social
development consultant (recommended), to ensure compliance with the ESMPs during sub-project
implementation. Annex V provides a guideline for environmental requirements for contractors.
NGOs/UN agencies. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and UN agencies who are working on
the ground and implementing similar activities, will be subcontracted to support the
government/MOLSA in implementation on the decentralized level. These agencies are expected to
play a significant role in increasing technical and managerial capacities of MOLSA and reach out to
affected communities more efficiently. More specifically, UN agencies and NGOs will be contracted
to implement CfW programs (split into smaller multiple contracts). And they are expected to bridge
the supply gap and ensure rapid interventions, and implementation of the PSS sub‐component
activities. Moreover, NGOs/UN agencies will be involved in contracting for the procurement of civil
works and goods, including IT systems and necessary infrastructure.
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Organizational Structure of MOLSA
Minister
Commission of Child Welfare Minister Office
Quality Management & Public Relations Dept.

Directorate of Labor & Social Institutional Development Dept.
Affairs (of governorates not
organized in a province)
Arabic & International Relations Contracting Dept.
Dept.
Information and Government
Communication Dept.
Audit and Internal Control Dept.
Civil Society Organizations Dept.

IT & Programming Dept.
Commission for Commission for Persons with Advisor Secretary General Secretary General Secretary General for Adviso Inspector
Social Protection Disabilities & Special Needs for Labor Affairs for Social Affairs General
Administration Affairs
Office
Organization Commission Head

Head SG Office
Head Office
Head Office
SG Office
SG
Deputy Head for Office
Social Protection Technical Affairs
Recruitment & Legal Dept.
Dept. Deputy Head for
Audit & Internal Admin Affairs Loans Dept.
Control Section Medical, Community,
Women Social Educational & Administration &
Admin, Financial Vocational Financial Dept.
Protection Dept. & Legal Dept.
Vocational Training Persons with
Rehabilitation Dept.
Public Relations Dept. Special Needs
Section Dept. Planning & Follow-up
Legal & Planning & Section
Administration Dept. Follow-up Section Media
National Center for
Section Occupational Health &
Safety National Center for
Province &
Social Protection Research & Studies
Governorate Affairs
Fund Planning & Follow-
up Section Retirement and Social
Projects &
Audit & Internal Security of Workers
IT Center Dept. Reconstruction Dept.
Control Section
Figure 6: Organizational Structure of MOLSA
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8.2. Capacity Building and Training Needs

The Project proponent (MOLSA) should provide enough training, and capacity building to the teams
responsible for monitoring implementation, after mapping real needs prior to Project commencement.
Training needs could include topics on: risk management, environmental management systems,
environmental and social impact assessment, public outreach, documentation and record keeping,
financial management, occupational health and safety measures, etc.
Upon ESMF approval by the WB and adoption, it is recommended that the following stakeholders
undergo training on ESMF application:
- Environmental and Social safeguards specialists of the PMO/MOLSA;

- Public relation/ GRM personnel at MOLSA and those assigned in target governorates;
- Environmental and Social workers/ researchers in the target governorates;
- Focal points at LSADs in governorates;
- Nominated members of LCCs in governorates; and
- Others as foreseen essential throughout Project implementation.
ESMF Training will be customized to the roles of the various stakeholders, which may include the
following areas:
- ESIA requirements and preparation/ sub-project screening/ disclosure

- Overview of the ESMF structure, including positive list of subprojects
- Mitigation and Monitoring measures, implementation and reporting
- Targeting and selection of beneficiaries, record keeping
- Public consultation, design, and operation of complaining systems
- Best Management Practices onsite, environmental, social, and occupational
- Procurement of services and goods
In addition, worker training is needed to minimize incident risk and ensure compliance with
ESMF/ESMP provisions. Relevant training topics to be delivered by the contractor/ implementing
agencies for worker training include:
- Customized Occupational Health and Safety

- First aid & Emergency response
- Training on sub-project ESMP preparation, implementation, and reporting
The following table would provide examples on training workshops/sessions at the Project proponent
level, and anticipated costs.
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Table 25: Proposed training workshops and courses at MOLSA’s level

Proposed Description Target trainees Training Cost
training provider(s) estimate
sessions (USD)
ESIA - Screening sub-projects - Environmental and - External 10,000/
requirements - National requirements for Social safeguards consultant or 3days
and preparation/ environmental permits and specialists of the - Contribution
sub-project
procedures PMO/MOLSA from
screening/
disclosure - WB assessment requirements - E&S workers/ Ministry of
(OP/BP 4.01) researchers in Health and
- EIA preparation and content (with target governorates Environment
focus on ESMP) - Focal points from
- Information disclosure LSADs and LCCs
requirements and procedures,
national/ WB
Overview of the - Rationale, objectives and content PMO/MOLSA External 5,000/ 1day
ESMF structure, of preparing ESMF instrument consultant
including according to the WB’s
positive list of
requirements
subprojects
- Framework for E&S assessment
and impact rating
- Disclosure of ESMF
- Review of sub-projects list
Mitigation and - How to propose mitigation - Environmental and - External 10,000/
Monitoring measures and how to set Social safeguards consultant 1day/
measures, monitoring requirements, specialists of the - MOLSA governorate
implementation
timetable, and resources for ESMP PMO/MOLSA
and reporting
- Reporting requirements and - E&S workers/
responsible parties researchers in
target governorates
- Contractors/
implementing
agencies (UN/
NGO)
- Coordinators/
inspectors in the
field
Targeting and - Analyze available systems - MOLSA/ LSADs - External 15,000/
selection of - Showcase from other similar concerned consultant 1day/
beneficiaries, projects departments - Guest governorate
record keeping
- Essential requirements of an - MOLSA/PMO trainers form
effective and comprehensive other similar
targeting and selection system projects
- Record keeping, soft and hard
requirements
Public - Consultation requirements, - Environmental and - External 20,000/
consultation, national and WB. Social safeguards consultant 2days/
design, and - Identification of project specialists of the - MOLSA governorate
operation of
stakeholders PMO/MOLSA
complaining
systems - Hot topics for consultation - E&S workers/
- Design of consultation, feedback researchers in
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Proposed Description Target trainees Training Cost

training provider(s) estimate
sessions (USD)
collection, and follow-up target governorates
mechanisms - LCCs and
- Key elements for an effective and municipalities/
comprehensive complaining governorates
system/ GRM - Community
leaders/
representatives
- CSOs/ NGOs
- Contractors/
implementing
agencies (UN/
NGO)
- Coordinators/
inspectors in the
field
Best - OHS requirements, national & - E&S safeguards - External 20,000/
Management IFC specialists of the consultant 2days/
Practices in - Physical, biological, and social PMO/MOLSA - MOLSA governorate
worksites,
aspects and management - E&S workers/
environmental,
social, and considerations researchers in
occupational target governorates
- LCCs and
municipalities/
governorates
- Contractors/
implementing
agencies (UN/
NGO)
- Coordinators/
inspectors in the
field
Procurement of - Tendering, proposal evaluation, - MOLSA/PMO - External 15,000/
services and contracting, managing contractors, - LSADs 2days/
goods payments, liabilities, etc. governorate
- National, and WB instructions in
this regard
95,000/
Sub Total (USD)
workshop
Logistics, communication, and follow-up 50,000
Total (USD) 145,000
Upon accomplishment of the new interventions (civil works of the CfW program), inspectors and
coordinators in the field should have the full capacity and knowledge on the residual impacts onsite.
Those officials have to be familiar with the contract's provisions and penalties, should the obligations
toward restoring working environment unfulfilled.
As negative impacts on sensitive receptors in the surrounding environment (physical and biological)
may arise in the longer run, special training for monitoring levels of pollutants (air, noise, vibration,
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land/soil, water, and wastewater) might be required. These may include the use, calibrate, and light
maintenance of monitoring devices (portable/handheld, and stationery) in the field. Training should
also include sampling and sample storage techniques against internationally endorsed testing and
sampling procedures (examples include WHO and USGS methods, as well as Standard Methods for
the Examination of Water and Wastewater by APHA, AWWA, WEF).
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Chapter 9: Screening and Safeguards Instruments
9.1. Sub-project Environmental & Social Screening and Approval Framework

The Project has been screened as category B (according to OP/BP 4.01). However, the Project –
through its CfW sub-component – will include short-term employment activities translated into small-
scale sub-projects. In particular, these sub-projects will include civil work activities like: street
sweeping and cleaning, drainage clearance, painting of public buildings, rehabilitation of recreational
spaces, rehabilitation of schools, and other community buildings, brushing of bushes along access
roads, clearing non‐private agricultural land, breaking of rocks for road rehabilitation, cleaning and
replacement of culverts, and drainage clearance along roads. As these are small-scale projects,
impacts are expected to be minor, site‐specific, limited, reversible, and can be mitigated by
contractors/ implementing agencies. This section presents a framework methodology for the
screening, categorization, review, approval, safeguarding, and monitoring of sub-projects. Sub-
projects are screened for potential Environmental and Social impacts using the screening checklists
included as Annex IV. Before commencing any of the sub-projects designed in this Project, this
screening tool should be followed, in order to determine suitable level of safeguard instruments to be
prepared. No detailed/full ESIA is expected to be required, as activities are most probably
screened as Category B. Nevertheless, No category A‐type sub-projects are allowed within this
ESSRP, and No sub-projects that would trigger any safeguard policy not triggered under the
project are allowed as well. The following are the proposed screening tools:
- Monitoring ESMP Checklist: for sub-projects resulting in relatively low-significance

environmental and social impacts. The checklist represents the minimum E&S requirements
during the implementation phase. Estimated cost: 5,000 USD
- Site-specific ESMP: for sub-projects resulting in relatively medium-significance
environmental and social impacts. Estimated cost: 20,000 USD
- Site-specific ESIA: for sub-projects resulting in relatively high-significance environmental
and social impacts. Estimated cost: 30,000 USD
- ARAP/RAP: for sub-projects and activities resulting in temporary and/or permanent
resettlement activities. Estimated cost: 30,000 USD
The Bank will then review the screening results and accordingly the safeguards relevant instruments
shall be confirmed, prepared, consulted with stakeholders and disclosed. Following clearance of the
safeguards instruments by the Bank and/or GOI, the ESMPs shall be implemented, supervised and
monitored. The figure below outlines the proposed methodology.
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Screening for potential E&S impacts and safeguard

instrument selection according to WB guidelines
Review of safeguards screening by WB
Preparation of safeguards instruments, consultation, and

disclosure - if needed
Review and clearance of the safeguard instruments

within the GOI and/or by the WB
Implementation of agreed actions; accompanied by

supervision and monitoring & evaluation
Figure 7: Outline of the E&S Screening and Approval Methodology
Potential sub-projects of component 1.1 CfW program as explained in the PAD will include small-
scale civil work interventions, in both urban and rural areas. The CfW program is worth 164.5 million
USD in total, which will be downscaled for seven governorates. CfW interventions will be sub-
contracted with capable and experienced UN agencies and/or NGOs (collectively: contractors or
implementing agencies). However, to the date of preparing this ESMF, individual contract prices are
not known. As a reminder, small-scale sub-projects include the following.
Table 26: Potential sub-projects as presented in PAD

Sub-projects of the CfW program in urban communities
Street sweeping and cleaning
Drainage clearance
Painting of public buildings and street walls
Painting of crosswalks
Rehabilitation of recreational spaces
Rehabilitation of schools’ health posts and other community buildings, and
Other similar activities
Sub-projects of the CfW program in rural communities

Brushing of bushes along access roads
Clearing non‐private agricultural land (or for any other purpose that would serve a
community or public need)
Breaking of rocks for road rehabilitation
Cleaning and replacement of culverts
Drainage clearance along roads, and
Other similar activities
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In general the screening checklists in Annex IV shall be used as mentioned to determine the
appropriate safeguard instruments. However, as a general guide, the following table provides
proposed safeguard instruments based on experience.
Table 27: Safeguard instruments proposed for the sub-projects identified to date
Sub-project Selected Safeguard Justification
Instrument
- Street sweeping and cleaning Checklist ESMPs All work involving cleaning and clearing of lands
- Drainage clearance are considered light and would result in minor
- Clearing non‐private impacts on workers (tiredness, falling), dust.
Therefore, preparing checklist ESMP is adequate
agricultural land (or for any
at this stage
other purpose that would serve
a community or public need)
- Painting of crosswalks Site-specific ESMPs - Use of paint and solvents would result in some
- Painting of public buildings and medium impacts on physical environment and
street walls biota in the immediate surroundings as well as
- Brushing of bushes along some health issues on workers
access roads - Painting rising walls and buildings will need
- Breaking of rocks for road scaffolding that may result in moderate impacts
rehabilitation on workers in case of accident
- Cleaning and replacement of - Working on culverts and drainage along street
culverts will need management plans, especially those
- Drainage clearance along roads related to traffic and road safety. Therefore, a
fully-fledged ESMP has to be prepared per
working zone.
- Rehabilitation of recreational Site-specific ESMPs Rehabilitation could involve comparably heavier
spaces (see Annex VI for civil works. More impacts are expected.
- Rehabilitation of schools’ basic content of ESIA However, subprojects classified as category A
health posts and other report) disqualify, and should not be initiated.
community buildings
The sub-project safeguarding, approval and disclosure methodology is shown below in the following
table.
Table 28: Safeguarding, approval and disclosure methodology

# Step Scope Criteria Outcome
1 Screening for - Screen proposed Checklist ESMP: for sub- E&S Assessments and
Potential sub-project projects resulting in relatively Management &
Environmental and according to low-significance E&S impacts. Monitoring
Social Safeguard Site-specific ESMP: for sub- instruments
safeguards checklist
Impacts and projects resulting in relatively
Determination of (Annex IV) medium-significance E&S
Safeguards Category - Determine impacts.
for each Sub - applicable WB Site-specific ESMPs: for sub-
project requirements projects resulting in relatively
- Determine high-significance environmental
instruments needed and social impacts.
ARAP/RAP: for sub-projects
to meet
and activities resulting in
requirements temporary and/or permanent
resettlement activities.
2 Review of - Prepare subproject- - A. Safeguards Screening - Safeguards
Safeguards specific Safeguards Summary (SSS) Screening Summary
Screening by the
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# Step Scope Criteria Outcome

WB Screening Summary - Screening Rationale (SSS)
- Assess Safeguards - Safeguard instruments - Approval/Revision
Screening submitted as part of sub- of SSS
project identification package
- B. Selective review of SSS
3 Preparation of - Draft E&S - Draft E&S instruments - Draft E&S
Safeguards instruments according to WB requirements instruments
Instruments, - Consult on draft - Liaise with WB in case - Consultation on
Consultation and
E&S instruments clarifications or changes arise draft E&S
Disclosure
- Incorporate - Include project stakeholders, instruments
feedback in final project-affected groups, local - Final E&S
E&S instruments NGOs in consultations instruments
- Initiate consultations as early
as possible
- Provide relevant material in
Arabic, comprehensible and
accessible formats
- Ensure enough time is
provided to examine
documents ahead of
consultation events
- Document stakeholder
feedback and ensure disclosure
& meaningful consultation
- Show how stakeholder
feedback was addressed in
final E&S instrument
4 Review and Review and clearance - Review according to WB Cleared E&S
Clearance of of E&S instruments requirements instrument according
Safeguard to WB requirements
Instruments
5 Implementation of A. E&S safeguards A. Sub-project proponent A. E&S instrument
Agreed Actions and implementation contractually obliged to implementation
Supervision, implement E&S safeguards
Monitoring and B. Safeguard B. E&S instrument
Evaluation (M&E) implementation B. WB team may conduct implementation
supervision regular visits to supervise review
implementation of safeguards
C. M&E instruments and compliance
C. E&S instrument
with the Bank policy
implementation,
requirements.
M&E, and
improvements
C. Independent consultants carry
out monitoring programs as a
third party
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9.2. Cost estimates

The table below includes a preliminary cost estimate for the implementation of the site-specific
ESMP/ESIA
Table 29: Cost estimates for E&S safeguards instruments

Activity Unit Unit Rate (USD)
1. ESIA/ESMP preparation Study/Report
ESMP 20,000
ESIA 30,000
2. Personnel (management & monitoring) Man Month
(MM)
PMO Level
- Environmental & Social safeguards MM 3,000
specialist
LSAD Level
- Environmental and social workers/ MM 3,000
researchers
3. Training and awareness - -
- Contingencies (approx. 10% of total - -
costs)
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References
− Ceicdata, “Iraq IQ: Methane Emissions: Kt of CO2 Equivalent,”

https://www.ceicdata.com/en/iraq/environment-pollution/iq-methane-emissions-kt-of-co2-
equivalent
− Central Statistical Organization, “Iraq population and other indicators,”

http://www.cosit.gov.iq/ar/2013-01-31-08-43-38
− Central Statistical Organization, “Iraq social safety nets,”

http://www.cosit.gov.iq/documents/welfare/reports/202017%‫اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ‬20%‫اﻟﺮﻋﺎﯾﺔ‬.pdf
− Constitution of Iraq, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-

dyn/content/article/2005/10/12/AR2005101201450.html?noredirect=on
− Hasan Latef K. Alzobaidee , December 2015, “ Social Protection and Safety Nets in Iraq,”
https://www.ids.ac.uk/files/dmfile/SocialprotectionandsafetynetsinIraq.pdf
− International Federation for Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, “The Need for
Psychosocial Support,” www.ifrc.org/en/what-we-do/health/psychosocial-support/
− Jaleel. Z. "The Effect of Road Traffic Noise at Hospitals in Baghdad". Journal of Engineering
and Development, vol. 18, No. 3, May 2014, ISSN 1813 – 7822
− Khanjer E., Yosif M., Sultan M., "Air Quality Over Baghdad City Using Ground and Aircraft
Measurements". Iraqi Journal of Science, 2015, vol 56, no.1C, pp: 893-845
− Mercy Corps, “Guide to Cash for Work Programming,” 2007.

https://www.mercycorps.org/files/file1179375619.pdf
− Ministry of Environment, “Iraqi Fourth National Report to the Convention to Biological

Diversity,” 2010. https://www.cbd.int/doc/world/iq/iq-nr-04-en.pdf
− Ministry of Planning, “National Development Plan 2018 – 2022,”Iraq. http://www.iraq-

jccme.jp/pdf/archives/nationaldevelopmentplan2018_2022.pdf
− Reliefweb, “Iraq's quiet mental health crisis,” 2017. https://reliefweb.int/report/iraq/iraqs-

quiet-mental-health-crisis
− UN-ESCWA – BGR. Shared tributaries of the Tigris River. Beirut, 2013.

http://waterinventory.org/surface_water/shared-tributaries-tigris-river
− Weather Online, “Weather in Iraq,”

https://www.weatheronline.co.uk/reports/climate/Iraq.htm
− WHO. "Guidelines for Drinking-water Quality". 1st Addendum to 3rd edition. Vol.1, 2006.
http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/gdwq0506.pdf
− Wikipedia, “Geography of Iraq”, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Iraq#Climate
Page 95 of 133
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ANNEXES
Annex I: Pollutants’ Thresholds

A. Maximum allowable limits for air pollutants (stationary sources) by different regulators
World Health Organization (WHO) –
Government of Iraq
2006
Pollutant Maximum
Monitoring period
permissible Remarks Limit Remarks
(averaging time)
concentration
500
10 min
μg/m3
3
500 mg/m - 1 hr Mean
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) -
20 value
24 hr
μg/m3
- 1 yr
other than fuel 100
250 mg/m3 15 min
combustion sources μg/m3
3
500 mg/m from old 60
30 min
Carbon Monoxide combustors μg/m3 Mean
(CO) 30 value
1 hr
from new μg/m3
250 mg/m3
combustors 10
8 hr
μg/m3
70 mg/m3 From gaseous fuel 200
1 hr
combustion μg/m3
Nitrogen Oxides Mean
- 24 hr
(expressed as NO2) 3 From liquid fuel value
150 mg/m 40
combustion 1 yr
μg/m3
100 Mean
Ozone 250 mg/m3 - 8 hr
μg/m3 value
From fuel
TSP 250 mg/m3 - - -
combustion sources
25
24 hr
μg/m3 Mean
PM2.5 - -
10 value
1 yr
μg/m3
50
24 hr
μg/m3 Mean
PM10 - -
20 value
1 yr
μg/m3
Volatile Organic
20 mg/m3 All sources - - -
Compounds (VOCs)
Source: National Air Emissions Standards, instructions no. 3 – 2012
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B. Discharge consent parameters

Limits for
Pollutant Limits for discharge to water resources discharge to public
sewers
Color - -
Temperature Less than 35°C 45°C
Suspended solids 60 750
pH 6 – 9.5 6 – 9.5
Dissolved Oxygen (DO) - -
Biochemical Oxygen
Less than 40 1,000
Demand (BOD)
Chemical Oxygen Demand
Less than 100 -
(COD)
Cyanide (CN-) 0.05 0.5
Fluoride (F-) 5.0 10
Free Chlorine (Cl2) Traces 100
A. If the ratio of the amount of water discharged to
the amount of source water is 1000:1 or less, the
chloride concentration of the discharge is
permitted at 1% of the concentration of the
natural source before discharge.
B. If the ratio of the amount of water discharged to
Chloride (Cl-) the amount of source water is more than 1000:1 600
the wastewater discharge must not exceed a
chloride concentration of greater than 600 mg/L.
C. If the concentration of chloride in the source
water is less than 200 mg/L then the permitted
discharge limit must be established on a case by
case basis
Phenol 0.01 – 0.05 5 – 10
A. If the ratio of the amount of water discharged to
the amount of source water is 1000:1 or less, the
sulfate concentration of the discharge is
permitted at 1% of the concentration of the
natural source before discharge.
B. If the ratio of the amount of water discharged to
Sulfate (SO42-) the amount of source water is more than 1000:1 300
the wastewater discharge must not exceed a
sulfate concentration of greater than 400 mg/L.
C. If the concentration of sulfate in the source water
is less than 200 mg/L then the permitted
discharge limit must be established on a case by
case basis
Nitrate (NO3-) 50 -
Phosphate (PO43-) 3 -
Ammonium (NH4+) - -
DDT Nil -
Lead (Pb) 0.1 0.1
Arsenic (As) 0.05 0.05
Cupper (Cu) 0.2 -
Nickel (Ni) 0.2 0.1
Selenium (Se) 0.05 -
Mercury (Hg) 0.005 0.001
Cadmium 0.01 0.1
Zinc (Zn) 2.0 0.1
Chromium (Cr) 0.1 0.1
Aluminum (Al) 5.0 20
Barium (Ba) 4.0 0.1
Boron (B) 1.0 1.0
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Limits for
Pollutant Limits for discharge to water resources discharge to public
sewers
Cobalt (Co) 0.5 0.5
Iron (Fe) 2.0 15
Manganese (Mn) 0.5 -
Silver (Ag) 0.05 0.1
Allows discharge of total hydrocarbons to water
sources and A1 and A2 according to the
concentrations and limitations set forth in the tables
below; the concentration of hydrocarbons must be
measured discharging to the water source.
Hydrocarbons shall not be discharged to water
sources A3 and A4.
Total Hydrocarbons &
For rivers in continuous flow 10 mg/l according to -
Derivatives
the ratio of the amount of wastewater discharged to
the amount of the water source should not be less
than 1000:1.
For a river in a continuous flow 3 mg/L and in
accordance with the ratio of the amount of the
wastewater discharged to the amount of water
source should not be 300:1 or less.
Sulfide (S2-) Nil 3.0
Ammonia (NH3) Nil 10
Ammonia gas (free NH3) Nil 6.0
Sulfur dioxide SO2 Nil 7.0
Calcium Carbide CaC Nil Not allowed
Organic solvents Nil Not allowed
Benzene Nil 0.5
Chlorobenzene Nil 0.1
TNT Nil 0.5
Bromine (Br2) Nil 1–3
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Annex II: Public Consultation Questionnaire & Participants’ List

a. English version
Republic of Iraq – Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs
Iraq Emergency Social Stabilization and Resilience Project
Public Consultation Questionnaire
I. Introduction:
The Government of Iraq (GOI) has received financial support from the World Bank for the Iraq Social Stabilization and
Resilience Project (ESSRP). This is a 3-year project and will be implemented by the Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs
(MOLSA). Target areas will include 7 governorates: Ninawa, Anbar, Salah Aldin, Diyala, Kirkuk, Baghdad and Babel, of
which four were recently liberated. The Project Development Objectives are: (i) increase livelihood opportunities in liberated
areas; (ii) increase access to psychosocial services in liberated areas; and (iii) strengthen the systems to expand the provision
of social safety nets. The Project consists of the following key components:
Component 1: Cash for Work, Social Support, and Livelihood Opportunities
Sub-Component 1.1: Cash for Work (CfW)
This sub-component aims to provide targeted Cash-for-Work support to increase access to short-term employment.
Beneficiaries will include returnees, internally displaced persons, and vulnerable groups. It also will improve disposable
income, thus improve food consumption among vulnerable groups, including women. This component will provide public
work restoration activities, such as: Street sweeping and cleaning, drainage clearance, culvert replacement, painting of
public buildings and street walls, painting of crosswalks, rehabilitation of recreational spaces, rehabilitation of schools,
health posts and other community buildings, brushing of bushes along access roads, clearing non‐private agricultural land,
breaking of rocks for road rehabilitation. These activities, and alike, will have positive impacts on public health and
environment, as well as reinforcing climate adaptive goals.
Component 1.2: Psychosocial Support Services
This sub‐component aims to augment the impact of the immediate cash and CfW program towards resilience building with
Psychosocial Support Services to better empower communities to cope with post-crisis. The ultimate objective of the
program is to create an enabling platform for the vulnerable minority returning internally displaced persons to assist them in
their coping mechanisms and to improve their own self‐care and advocacy skills using available recourses within their
communities. Additionally, this sub‐component will increase access to Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Services for
returnees affected by the conflict in the governorates of Salahideen, Anbar, Diyala, and Ninawa, and strengthen the
operational capacity of the system and providers to deliver quality services.
Sub‐component 1.3 Livelihoods Opportunities
This sub‐component will support opportunities for improving livelihoods through the existing income‐generating fund at
MOLSA. The sub-component will include two parts:
(c) Provision of technical assistance to MOLSA to support enhancements to the existing microfinance program, in terms of
sustainable products, back office systems, and loan portfolio monitoring, while minimizing distortions to the private
microfinance sector; and
(d) Provision of microfinance to beneficiaries to carry out income generating activities, which would only be capitalized
through a potential project restructuring to reallocate funds from CfW.
The livelihoods focused financing activities are aimed at households without employment, and low levels of income. These
activities are intended to help those with skills to generate immediate income through obtaining funds to acquire the assets
and working capital needed to start or reactivate a small business.
This component is designed to strengthen the resilience of social safety net programs to allow the GOI to assist
poor/vulnerable groups and build resilience to shocks effectively and efficiently. Positive impacts include reducing poverty
and inequality through inclusion of the poorest and marginalized groups; extending coverage; increasing outreach capacity
of MOLSA’s staff and system; Enhancing children grow up and longer staying in schools. The Conditional Cash Transfer
program will increase the human capital of children in poor and displaced families.
This component will support project management and monitoring and evaluation (M&E) to ensure that the project is
successfully and efficiently implemented. The component will finance: (a) project management office specialized staff
(central and at governorates) and equipment; (b) supervision, operating costs, audits, and M&E; and (c) a communications
and awareness campaign.
Page 99 of 133
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Republic of Iraq – Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs

Iraq Emergency Social Stabilization and Resilience Project
Public Consultation Questionnaire
Name: Gender: Age:
Provision: Marital status: Education:
Address:
Date:
II. Expected Negative Social and Environmental Impacts – Please rate the following impacts
Rating
Impacts No
Significant Moderate Minor
impact
Component 1.1 – How do you rate impacts from Cash-for-Work opportunities?
1 Inflation and price distortion in local markets
2 Cash goes to illegal activities
3 No one wishes to volunteer for his/her community any more.
4 Elderly, sick, and disabled community members can’t participate.
5 Child labor
6 Beneficiaries think of CfW as long-term & primary source of
income
7 Women at households are unable to control over their own
income
8 Discrepancy/ poor selection of people during field operations
9 Security issues (risks of attack, extortion, theft, tension)
10 Temporary land acquisition, relocation of encroachers or IDPs,
and interruption or loss of livelihood (adjacent businesses)
11 Occupational health and safety issues (over-exertion, slipping,
falling from heights, stuck by objects, electrical shocks,
respiratory problems)
12 Community health and safety issues (pests & diseases,
excavation, dust & noise, heavy traffic)
13 Waste water disposal and solid waste accumulation
14 Land contamination & sediments runoff
15 Endangering biological life
16 Possible damage to objects of historical/ cultural value
Component 1.2 – How do you rate impacts from psychosocial services?
17 Discrimination among beneficiaries due to ethnicity, religion,
culture, or gender
18 Poor service due to insufficient capacity, cadre, and equipment
Component 1.2 – How do you rate impacts from livelihood opportunities?
19 Poor supplies and poor demands for products and services in
businesses’ locations
20 Increasing debt burden, fail to generate sufficient income to
support their families, and pay back loan
21 Beneficiaries change their business
Component 2 - How do you rate impacts from Resilient Social Safety Nets?
22 Excluding poorest and marginalized (they are unaware! or can’t
go and/or apply)
23 Excluding poorest and marginalized (misidentification,
Page 100 of 133

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Rating
Impacts No
impact
ineffective targeting)
III. Do you have any other expected Social and Environmental Impacts?
Rating
Impacts No
impact
Component 1 - Cash for Work, Social Support, and Livelihood Opportunities
1
2
3
Component 2 - Resilient Social Safety Nets
4
5
6
IV. General Comments on the Project
Page 101 of 133

‫‪ESMF – Iraq Emergency Social Stabilization and Resilience Project‬‬
‫‪--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪b. Arabic version‬‬
‫ﺟﻤﮭﻮرﯾﺔ اﻟﻌﺮاق ‪ -‬وزارة اﻟﻌﻤﻞ واﻟﺸﺆون اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺸﺮوع ﺗﻌﺰﯾﺰ اﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮار واﻟﺼﻤﻮد اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ اﻟﻄﺎرئ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺮاق‬
‫‪Emergency Social Stabilization and Resilience Project (ESSRP) in Iraq‬‬
‫إﺳﺘﻤﺎرة اﻻﺳﺘﺸﺎرة اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﯿﺔ وذوي اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬
‫أوﻻً‪ :‬ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻠﻘﺖ اﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﯿﺔ ﻣﺆﺧﺮا ً دﻋﻤﺎ ً ﻣﺎﻟﯿﺎ ً ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﻨﻚ اﻟﺪوﻟﻲ‪ ،‬وذﻟﻚ ﺑﮭﺪف ﺗﻤﻮﯾﻞ ﻣﺸﺮوع ﺗﻌﺰﯾﺰ اﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮار واﻟﺼﻤﻮد اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ اﻟﻄﺎرئ‪ .‬ﺗﻤﺘﺪ ﻓﺘﺮة‬
‫ﺗﻨﻔﯿﺬ ھﺬا اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺪار ‪ 3‬ﺳﻨﻮات‪ ،‬ﺣﯿﺚ ﺳﺘﻘﻮم وزارة اﻟﻌﻤﻞ واﻟﺸﺆون اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ ﺑﺘﻨﻔﯿﺬه وإدارﺗﮫ‪ .‬ﺳﺘﻤﺘﺪ أﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﻟﺘﺸﻤﻞ ﺳﺒﻊ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎت‪ ،‬وھﻲ‪ :‬ﺑﻐﺪاد‪ ،‬وﺻﻼح اﻟﺪﯾﻦ‪ ،‬وﻧﯿﻨﻮى‪ ،‬واﻷﻧﺒﺎر‪ ،‬ودﯾﺎﻟﻰ‪ ،‬وﻛﺮﻛﻮك‪ ،‬وﺑﺎﺑﻞ‪ .‬وﻣﻨﮭﺎ أرﺑﻊ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎت ﺗﻢ ﺗﺤﺮﯾﺮھﺎ ﻣﺆﺧﺮا ً‪ .‬ﺗﺘﻤﺜﻞ اﻷھﺪاف‬
‫اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻮﯾﺔ اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮوع ﻓﻲ‪ .1 :‬زﯾﺎدة ﻓﺮص ﻛﺴﺐ اﻟﻌﯿﺶ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺎطﻖ اﻟﻤﺤﺮرة؛ ‪ .2‬زﯾﺎدة اﻟﻮﺻﻮل إﻟﻰ اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﺴﯿﺔ واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮﻧﺎت اﻟﺮﺋﯿﺴﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎطﻖ اﻟﻤﺤﺮرة؛ و ‪ .3‬ﺗﻘﻮﯾﺔ أﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺷﺒﻜﺎت اﻟﺤﻤﺎﯾﺔ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﯿﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗﻮﺳﯿﻊ ﻧﻄﺎق اﻟﺘﻐﻄﯿﺔ‪ .‬ﯾﺘﺄﻟﻒ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮن ‪ : 1‬اﻟﻤﺎل ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪ ،‬اﻟﺪﻋﻢ اﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‪ ،‬وﺗﺤﺴﯿﻦ اﻟﻔﺮص اﻟﻤﻌﯿﺸﯿﺔ‬
‫ّ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮن اﻟﻔﺮﻋﻲ ‪ :1.1‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﻤﺎل ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ )‪(CfW‬‬
‫ّ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮن اﻟﻔﺮﻋﻲ إﻟﻰ ﺗﻮﻓﯿﺮ دﻋﻢ ﻧﻘﺪي ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ ﺗﻮﻓﯿﺮ ﻓﺮص وظﯿﻔﯿﺔ ﻗﺼﯿﺮة اﻷﺟﻞ‪ .‬ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻔﯿﺪ ﻣﻦ ھﺬه اﻟﻔﺮص اﻟﻤﻮاطﻨﻮن‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ﯾﮭﺪف ھﺬا‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﺋﺪون إﻟﻰ دﯾﺎرھﻢ‪ ،‬واﻟﻤﺸﺮدون داﺧﻠﯿﺎً‪ ،‬واﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﯿﺔ اﻟﻀﻌﯿﻔﺔ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﯾﺆ ّﻣﻞ ﻣﻦ ذﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺴﯿﻦ اﻟﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﻤﺘﺎح‪ ،‬وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ زﯾﺎدة ﺷﺮاء اﻟﻤﻮاد‬
‫اﻟﺘﻤﻮﯾﻨﯿﺔ وﺗﺤﺴﯿﻦ اﻻﺳﺘﮭﻼك اﻟﻐﺬاﺋﻲ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻔﺌﺎت اﻟﻀﻌﯿﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻨﺴﺎء واﻻطﻔﺎل‪ .‬ﺳﯿﻮﻓﺮ ھﺬا اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﻓﺮص ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻌﯿﺔ ﻗﺼﯿﺮة اﻷﺟﻞ‬
‫ﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎدة اﻟﺤﯿﺎة اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ‪ :‬ﻛﻨﺲ اﻟﺸﻮارع وﺗﻨﻈﯿﻔﮭﺎ ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻒ ﻣﺠﺎري ﺗﺼﺮﯾﻒ اﻟﻤﯿﺎه‪ ،‬واﺳﺘﺒﺪال اﻟﻤﺘﻜﺴﺮ ﻣﻨﮭﺎ‪ ،‬أﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﺪھﺎن ﻟﻠﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫وﺟﺪران اﻟﺸﻮارع وﻣﻤﺮات اﻟﻤﺸﺎة‪ ،‬إﻋﺎدة ﺗﺄھﯿﻞ اﻟﺤﺪاﺋﻖ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ وأﻣﺎﻛﻦ اﻟﺘﺮﻓﯿﮫ‪ ،‬وإﻋﺎدة ﺗﺄھﯿﻞ اﻟﻤﺪارس واﻟﻤﺮاﻛﺰ اﻟﺼﺤﯿﺔ واﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﯿﺔ‬
‫اﻷﺧﺮى ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺎطﻖ اﻟﺤﻀﺮﯾﺔ‪ .‬ھﺬا ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ ﺗﻘﻠﯿﻢ اﻻﺷﺠﺎر وإزاﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻜﺴﺮ ﻣﻨﮭﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻣﺘﺪاد اﻟﺸﻮارع‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻈﯿﻒ اﻻراﺿﻲ اﻟﺰراﻋﯿﺔ ﻏﯿﺮ‬
‫اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‪ ،‬وإزاﻟﺔ اﻟﺼﺨﻮر ﻹﻋﺎدة ﺗﺄھﯿﻞ وﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﻄﺮق‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺎطﻖ اﻟﺮﯾﻔﯿﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻦ ﺷﺄن ھﺬه اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ‪ ،‬وﻏﯿﺮھﺎ‪ ،‬أن ﺗﻌﻮد ﺑﺎﻟﻨﻔﻊ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ‪ ،‬واﻟﺼﺤﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺒﯿﺌﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻓﻀﻼً ﻋﻦ ﺗﻌﺰﯾﺰ أھﺪاف اﻟﺘﻜﯿﻒ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺘﻐﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺧﻲ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮن اﻟﻔﺮﻋﻲ ‪ :1.2‬ﺧﺪﻣﺎت اﻟﺪﻋﻢ اﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬
‫ّ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻮة ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ "اﻟﻤﺎل ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ" اﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮر أﻋﻼه‪ ،‬وذﻟﻚ ﺑﺰﯾﺎدة ﻗﺪرة اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮن اﻟﻔﺮﻋﻲ إﻟﻰ إﺛﺮاء وﺗﻌﺰﯾﺰ اﻟﻔﻮاﺋﺪ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﯾﮭﺪف ھﺬا‬
‫اﻟﺼﻤﻮد‪ ،‬وإﻣﺪادھﺎ ﺑﺨﺪﻣﺎت اﻟﺪﻋﻢ اﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻟﺘﻤﻜﯿﻨﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻌﺎﯾﺶ ﻣﻊ ظﺮوف ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻷزﻣﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ أﻓﻀﻞ‪ .‬ﺗﺸﺘﻤﻞ ھﺬه اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺗﻮﻓﯿﺮ ﻣﻨﺼﺎت ﻟﺘﻤﻜﯿﻦ ودﻋﻢ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎت اﻟﻀﻌﯿﻔﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﻌﺎﺋﺪﯾﻦ إﻟﻰ دﯾﺎرھﻢ‪ ،‬واﻟﻤﺸﺮدﯾﻦ داﺧﻠﯿﺎً‪ ،‬ﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺗﮭﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺨﻄﻲ اﻟﻈﺮوف اﻟﻨﻔﺴﯿﺔ واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺮو ﺑﮭﺎ‪ ،‬وﺗﺤﺴﯿﻦ ﻣﮭﺎراﺗﮭﻢ اﻟﺬاﺗﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﻜﯿﻒ‪ ،‬وﺿﻤﻦ اﻟﻤﻮارد اﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﻟﮭﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺗﮭﻢ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺳﺘﺸﺘﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ زﯾﺎدة ﺧدﻣﺎت اﻟﺮﻋﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺻﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ ّ‬
‫واﻟﻌﻘﻟﯾﺔ واﻟﻨﻔﺴﯿﺔ‪ ،‬واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎت ﺻﻼح اﻟﺪﯾﻦ‪ ،‬واﻷﻧﺑﺎر‪ ،‬ودﯾﺎﻟﯽ‪ ،‬وﻧﯾﻧوى ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﮫ اﻟﺨﺼﻮص‪ .‬ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔ إﻟﻰ رﻓﻊ ﺳﻮﯾﺔ ھﺬه‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺼﺎت‪ ،‬وﺑﻨﺎء ﻗﺪرات ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻲ اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮن اﻟﻔﺮﻋﻲ ‪ :1.3‬ﺗﺤﺴﯿﻦ اﻟﻔﺮص اﻟﻤﻌﯿﺸﯿﺔ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺳﻮف ﯾﺪﻋﻢ ھﺬا اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع اﻟﻔﺮﻋﻲ اﻟﻔﺮص اﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﻟﺘﺤﺴﯿﻦ ﺳﺒﻞ اﻟﻌﯿﺶ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺼﻨﺪوق اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﺰﯾﺎدة اﻟﺪﺧﻞ ﻓﻲ وزارة اﻟﻌﻤﻞ واﻟﺸﺆون‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮن اﻟﻔﺮﻋﻲ ﻧﺸﺎطﯿﻦ إﺛﻨﯿﻦ‪:‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ‪ .‬ﺳﯿﺘﻀﻤﻦ‬
‫أ‪ .‬ﺗﻘﺪﯾﻢ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻔﻨﯿﺔ إﻟﻰ وزارة اﻟﻌﻤﻞ واﻟﺸﺆون اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ ﻟﺪﻋﻢ اﻟﺘﺤﺴﯿﻨﺎت ﻓﻲ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﺘﻤﻮﯾﻞ اﻷﺻﻐﺮ اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﯿﻤﺎ ﯾﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺪاﻣﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت‪ ،‬واﻷﻧﻈﻤﺔ اﻹدارﯾﺔ‪ ،‬وﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺔ ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺔ اﻟﻘﺮوض‪ ،‬وﺗﻘﻠﯿﻞ اﻟﺘﺸﻮھﺎت اﻟﺤﺎﺻﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﺘﻤﻮﯾﻞ اﻷﺻﻐﺮ اﻟﺨﺎص؛ و‬
‫اﻟﻤﺪرة ﻟﻠﺪﺧﻞ‪ ،‬واﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﯿﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﻓﯿﺮ رأس اﻟﻤﺎل ﻟﮭﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ب‪ .‬ﺗﻮﻓﯿﺮ ﻓﺮص اﻟﺘﻤﻮﯾﻞ اﻷﺻﻐﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻔﯿﺪﯾﻦ‪ ،‬ﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺗﮭﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻨﻔﯿﺬ اﻷﻋﻤﺎل‬
‫إﻋﺎدة ھﯿﻜﻠﺔ ھﺬه اﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬة‪ ،‬واﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎدة ﻣﻦ ﻣﺨﺼﺼﺎت ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ "اﻟﻤﺎل ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ" اﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮر أﻋﻼه‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﮭﺪف ھﺬه اﻟﻨﺎﻓﺬة اﻟﺘﻤﻮﯾﻠﯿﺔ اﻷﺳﺮ اﻟﻤﻌﯿﻠﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻓﻘﺪت ﺳﺒﻞ اﻟﻌﯿﺶ‪ ،‬ذات ﻣﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت ﻣﺘﺪﻧﯿﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺪﺧﻞ‪ ،‬إﻻ أﻧﮭﺎ ﺗﻤﺘﻠﻚ اﻟﻤﮭﺎرات اﻟﻔﻨﯿﺔ واﻻدارﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ ﻹدارة ھﺬه اﻷﻋﻤﺎل وﻛﺴﺐ اﻟﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﺴﺮﯾﻊ‪ ،‬وذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺗﻮﻓﯿﺮ رأس اﻟﻤﺎل اﻟﻼزم ﻟﻠﺒﺪء ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺸﺎط اﻟﺘﺠﺎري اﻟﺼﻐﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ أو إﻋﺎدة ﺗﻨﺸﯿﻂ‬
‫ﻣﺎھﻮ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮن ‪ : 2‬ﺷﺒﻜﺎت اﻟﺤﻤﺎﯾﺔ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ‬
‫ّ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮن ﻟﺘﻌﺰﯾﺰ ﺑﺮاﻣﺞ ﺷﺒﻜﺎت اﻟﺤﻤﺎﯾﺔ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ ﻣﻤﺎ ﯾﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻠﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ اﻟﻌﺮاﻗﯿﺔ ﺑﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻔﺌﺎت اﻟﻔﻘﯿﺮة واﻟﻀﻌﯿﻔﺔ وﺑﻨﺎء اﻟﻘﺪرة ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢ ھﺬا‬
‫اﻟﺼﻤﻮد أﻣﺎم اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺎت ﺑﻔﻌﺎﻟﯿﺔ وﻛﻔﺎءة‪ .‬ﺗﺸﺘﻤﻞ اﻵﺛﺎر اﻻﯾﺠﺎﺑﯿﺔ ﻟﮭﺬا اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺤﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻔﻘﺮ وﻋﺪم اﻟﻤﺴﺎواة ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل إﺷﺮاك اﻟﻔﺌﺎت اﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﻘﺮاً‬
‫وﺗﮭﻤﯿﺸﺎ ً ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﮭﺪﻓﺔ؛ وﺗﻮﺳﯿﻊ ﻧﻄﺎق اﻟﺘﻐﻄﯿﺔ؛ وزﯾﺎدة ﻗﺪرات اﻟﻜﻮادر اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ وزارة اﻟﻌﻤﻞ واﻟﺸﺆون اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺮاﻣﺞ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺻﻮل واﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ؛ وﺗﻌﺰﯾﺰ ﻧﻤﻮ اﻷطﻔﺎل وإطﺎﻟﺔ ﺑﻘﺎﺋﮭﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺪارس‪ .‬ﺳﯿﺆدي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ اﻟﺤﻮاﻻت اﻟﻨﻘﺪﯾﺔ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوطﺔ‪ ،‬وھﻮ ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ ھﺬا اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‪،‬‬
‫واﻟﻤﺸﺮدة‪.‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ زﯾﺎدة رأس اﻟﻤﺎل اﻟﺒﺸﺮي ﻟﻸطﻔﺎل ﻓﻲ اﻷﺳﺮ اﻟﻔﻘﯿﺮة‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮن ‪ : 3‬إدارة اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺳﯿﻤﻮل ھﺬا اﻟﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﻛﻼً ﻣﻦ‪:‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮن أﻧﺸﻄﺔ إدارة اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع وﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﮫ وﺗﻘﯿﯿﻤﮫ‪ ،‬ﺑﮭﺪف ﺿﻤﺎن ﺗﻨﻔﯿﺬ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﺑﻨﺠﺎح وﻛﻔﺎءة‪.‬‬
‫ّ‬ ‫ﺳﯿﺪﻋﻢ ھﺬا‬
‫‪.1‬اﻟﻤﻮظﻔﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼﯿﻦ اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻤﯿﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ إدارة اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﺿﻤﻦ داﺋﺮة إدارة اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﯾﻊ ﻓﻲ وزارة اﻟﻌﻤﻞ واﻟﺸﺆون اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ )اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﯾﺔ ﻣﻨﮭﺎ وﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎت( واﻟﻤﻌﺪات اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ؛ ‪ .2‬ﺗﻜﺎﻟﯿﻒ اﻹﺷﺮاف ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‪ ،‬وﺗﺸﻐﯿﻠﮫ‪ ،‬واﻟﺘﺪﻗﯿﻖ ﻋﻠﯿﮫ‪ ،‬وأﻋﻤﺎل واﻟﺮﺻﺪ واﻟﺘﻘﯿﯿﻢ؛ و ‪ .3‬ﺣﻤﻼت‬
‫اﻻﺗﺼﺎل واﻟﺘﻮﻋﯿﺔ اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‪.‬‬
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‫ﺟﻤﮭﻮرﯾﺔ اﻟﻌﺮاق ‪ -‬وزارة اﻟﻌﻤﻞ واﻟﺸﺆون اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺸﺮوع ﺗﻌﺰﯾﺰ اﻻﺳﺘﻘﺮار واﻟﺼﻤﻮد اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ اﻟﻄﺎرئ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻌﺮاق‬
‫‪Emergency Social Stabilization and Resilience Project (ESSRP) in Iraq‬‬
‫إﺳﺘﻤﺎرة اﻻﺳﺘﺸﺎرة اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﯿﺔ وذوي اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻤﺮ‪:‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻨﺲ‪:‬‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻢ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺘﻌﻠﯿﻤﻲ‪:‬‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ‪:‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﮭﻨﺔ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻌﻨﻮان‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺦ‪:‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻧﯿﺎً‪ :‬اﻵﺛﺎر اﻟﺴﻠﺒﯿﺔ اﻟﺒﯿﺌﯿﺔ واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع – ﻟﻄﻔﺎ ً ﻗﻢ ﺑﺘﻘﯿﯿﻢ ﺷﺪة اﻷﺛﺮ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻘﯿﯿﻢ‬
‫ﻻ‬
‫اﻵﺛﺎر‬
‫ﯾﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻔﯿﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﯾﺪ‬
‫أﺛﺮ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮن ‪ :1.1‬ﻛﯿﻒ ﺗﻘﯿّﻢ اﻵﺛﺎر اﻟﻨﺎﺟﻤﺔ ﻋﻦ أﻧﺸﻄﺔ "اﻟﻤﺎل ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ "؟‬
‫اﻟﺘﻀﺨﻢ واﺿﻄﺮاب اﻷﺳﻌﺎر ﻓﻲ اﻷﺳﻮاق اﻟﻤﺤﻠﯿﺔ‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻗﺪ ﯾﺬھﺐ اﻟﻤﺎل إﻟﻰ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﻏﯿﺮ اﻟﻘﺎﻧﻮﻧﯿﺔ‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻋﺪم رﻏﺒﺔ أﻓﺮاد اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﯿﺎم ﺑﺄﻋﻤﺎل ﺗﻄﻮﻋﯿﺔ )ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺪﻓﻮﻋﺔ اﻷﺟﺮ(‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻋﺪم ﻣﻘﺪرة أﻓﺮاد اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻊ اﻟﻤﺴﻨﯿﻦ واﻟﻤﺮﺿﻰ واﻟﻤﻌﻮﻗﯿﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﺎرﻛﺔ‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫ﻋﻤﺎﻟﺔ اﻷطﻔﺎل‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫ﯾﻨﻈﺮ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻔﯿﺪون ﻣﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ "اﻟﻤﺎل ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ"ﻋﻠﻰ أﻧﮫ ﻣﺼﺪر طﻮﯾﻞ اﻷﺟﻞ ﻟﻠﺪﺧﻞ‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﺴﺎء اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻼت ﻓﻲ اﻷﺳﺮ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻗﺎدرات ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﺼﺮف ﻓﻲ دﺧﻮﻟﮭﻦ‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫ً‬
‫ظﮭﻮر ﺗﻨﺎﻗﻀﺎت ﻓﻲ اﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﯿﺪاﻧﯿﺔ ﻓﯿﻤﺎ ﯾﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻤﺴﻮﺣﺎت اﻟﻔﺌﺎت اﻟﻤﺴﺘﮭﺪﻓﺔ‪ ،‬وأﺣﯿﺎﻧﺎ ﺳﻮء اﻻﺧﺘﯿﺎر‬ ‫‪8‬‬
‫اﻟﻘﻀﺎﯾﺎ اﻷﻣﻨﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻼم ﻣﺨﺼﺼﺎت وأدوات اﻟﻌﻤﻞ )ﻣﺨﺎطﺮ اﻟﮭﺠﻮم واﻻﺑﺘﺰاز واﻟﺴﺮﻗﺔ‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫واﻟﺘﻮﺗﺮ(‬
‫اﻟﺤﯿﺎزة اﻟﻤﺆﻗﺘﺔ ﻟﻸراﺿﻲ ﻟﺘﻨﻔﯿﺬ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﺣﯿﻞ اﻻﺷﺨﺎص اﻟﻨﺎزﺣﯿﻦ أو اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺪﯾﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫اﻷرض ﻟﺘﻨﻔﯿﺬ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ‪ ،‬أو ارﺑﺎك اﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻟﯿﻮﻣﯿﺔ وﺳﺒﻞ اﻟﻌﯿﺶ )وﺧﺼﻮﺻﺎ ً أﺻﺤﺎب اﻟﻤﺤﺎل‬
‫اﻟﻤﺠﺎورة(‬
‫ﻗﻀﺎﯾﺎ اﻟﺼﺤﺔ واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﮭﻨﯿﺔ )اﻻﺟﮭﺎد‪ ،‬اﻻﻧﺰﻻق‪ ،‬اﻟﺴﻘﻮط ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻔﻌﺎت‪ ،‬اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻷﺟﺴﺎم‪،‬‬ ‫‪11‬‬
‫اﻟﺼﺪﻣﺎت اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﯿﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﺎﻛﻞ اﻟﺠﮭﺎز اﻟﺘﻨﻔﺴﻲ(‬
‫ﻗﻀﺎﯾﺎ اﻟﺼﺤﺔ واﻟﺴﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﯿﺔ )اﻵﻓﺎت واﻷﻣﺮاض اﻟﺴﺎرﯾﺔ‪ ،‬اﻟﺤﻔﺮﯾﺎت‪ ،‬اﻟﻐﺒﺎر واﻟﻀﻮﺿﺎء‪،‬‬ ‫‪12‬‬
‫ﺣﺮﻛﺔ اﻟﻤﺮور اﻟﻜﺜﯿﻔﺔ(‬
‫ﺗﺼﺮﯾﻒ اﻟﻤﯿﺎه اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ‪ ،‬وﺗﺮاﻛﻢ اﻟﻨﻔﺎﯾﺎت اﻟﺼﻠﺒﺔ‬ ‫‪13‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻮث اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ وﺟﺮﯾﺎن اﻟﺮواﺳﺐ‬ ‫‪14‬‬
‫ﺗﻌﺮﯾﺾ اﻟﻜﺎﺋﻨﺎت اﻟﺤﯿﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻄﺮ‬ ‫‪15‬‬
‫إﻟﺤﺎق اﻟﻀﺮر ﺑﺎﻷﺷﯿﺎء ذات اﻟﻘﯿﻤﺔ اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺨﯿﺔ‪ /‬اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﯿﺔ )اﻟﻤﻜﺘﺸﻔﺎت واﻷﻣﺎﻛﻦ اﻷﺛﺮﯾﺔ(‬ ‫‪16‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮن ‪ :1.2‬ﻛﯿﻒ ﺗﻘﯿّﻢ اﻵﺛﺎر اﻟﻨﺎﺟﻤﺔ ﻋﻦ ﻧﺸﺎطﺎت اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎت اﻟﻨﻔﺴﯿﺔ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ؟‬
‫اﻟﺘﻤﯿﯿﺰ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﺑﺤﺴﺐ اﻟﻌﺮق أو اﻟﺪﯾﻦ أو اﻟﺜﻘﺎﻓﺔ أو اﻟﺠﻨﺲ‬ ‫‪17‬‬
‫ﺳﻮء اﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻋﺪم ﻛﻔﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﻤﻜﺎن‪ ،‬اﻟﻜﺎدر‪ ،‬واﻟﻤﻌﺪات‬ ‫‪18‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮن ‪ :1.3‬ﻛﯿﻒ ﺗﻘﯿّﻢ اﻵﺛﺎر اﻟﻨﺎﺟﻤﺔ ﻋﻦ أﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﻔﺮص اﻟﻤﻌﯿﺸﯿﺔ؟‬
‫ﺿﻌﻒ اﻹﻣﺪادات )اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻷوﻟﯿﺔ( وﺿﻌﻒ اﻟﻄﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻨﺘﺠﺎت واﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎت ﻣﺤﻠﯿﺎ ً )ﺣﯿﺜﻤﺎ وﺟﺪت ﺗﻠﻚ‬ ‫‪19‬‬
‫اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﺎرﯾﺔ(‬
‫زﯾﺎدة ﻋﺐء اﻟﺪﯾﻮن‪ ،‬وﺿﻌﻒ اﻟﻤﺪﺧﻮﻻت ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷﺳﺮ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻔﯿﺪة‪ ،‬واﻟﺼﻌﻮﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺗﺴﺪﯾﺪ اﻟﻘﺮض‬ ‫‪20‬‬
‫ﻗﯿﺎم اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻔﯿﺪﯾﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺤﻮل إﻟﻰ ﻣﮭﻦ ﺟﺪﯾﺪة ﻏﯿﺮ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﺎرﺳﻮھﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫‪21‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮن ‪ :2‬ﻛﯿﻒ ﺗﻘﯿّﻢ اﻵﺛﺎر اﻟﻨﺎﺟﻤﺔ ﻋﻦ أﻧﺸﻄﺔ "ﺷﺒﻜﺎت اﻟﺤﻤﺎﯾﺔ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ "؟‬
‫ﺿﻌﻒ اﻟﻮﺻﻮل إﻟﻰ اﻟﻔﺌﺎت اﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﻘﺮا ً وﺗﮭﻤﯿﺸﺎ ً )ﻟﻜﻮﻧﮭﻢ ﻻ ﯾﻌﺮﻓﻮن ﻋﻦ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‪ ،‬أو ﻻ ﯾﺴﺘﻄﯿﻌﻮن‬ ‫‪22‬‬
‫اﻟﻘﺪوم ﻟﺘﻘﺪﯾﻢ اﻟﻄﻠﺐ‪ ،‬أو ﻻ ﯾﺴﺘﻄﯿﻌﻮن ﺗﻌﺒﺌﺔ اﻟﻄﻠﺐ(‬
‫ﺿﻌﻒ اﻟﻮﺻﻮل إﻟﻰ اﻟﻔﺌﺎت اﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﻓﻘﺮاً وﺗﮭﻤﯿﺸﺎ ً )اﻟﺒﯿﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﺨﺎطﺌﺔ‪ ،‬اﻻﺳﺘﮭﺪاف و‪/‬أو اﻟﻮﺻﻮل ﻏﯿﺮ‬ ‫‪23‬‬
‫اﻟﻔﻌﺎل(‬
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‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎً‪ :‬ھﻞ ﯾﻮﺟﺪ أﯾﺔ آﺛﺎر ﺳﻠﺒﯿﺔ ﺑﯿﺌﯿﺔ أو اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ أﺧﺮى ﻟﻢ ﺗﺬﻛﺮ أﻋﻼه؟‬
‫اﻟﺘﻘﯿﯿﻢ‬
‫ﻻ‬
‫اﻵﺛﺎر‬
‫ﯾﻮﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻔﯿﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ ‫ﺷﺪﯾﺪ‬
‫أﺛﺮ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮن ‪ :1‬اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑـ "اﻟﻤﺎل ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ "‪" ،‬اﻟﺪﻋﻢ اﻟﻨﻔﺴﻲ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ "‪ ،‬و "اﻟﻔﺮص اﻟﻤﻌﯿﺸﯿﺔ "‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﻮن ‪ :2‬اﻷﻧﺸﻄﺔ اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑـ "ﺷﺒﻜﺎت اﻟﺤﻤﺎﯾﺔ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ "‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫‪6‬‬
‫راﺑﻌﺎً‪ :‬ھﻞ ﺗﻮد ذﻛﺮ أﯾﺔ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ﻋﺎﻣﺔ أﺧﺮى ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع؟‬
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c. Participants’ List
Baghdad
1 Hussein Rahim Khalaf 11 Ali Obaid Abdul Abbas
2 Mashkor Hamza Alwen 12 Hussein Mahdi Kazem
3 Mohammed Tayyar Muti 13 Abbas Karim Abdel Hassan
4 Heba Haider Tawfiq 14 Ali Ahmed Garmat
5 Fares Mohammed Khudair 15 Hussein Abbas Kazem
6 Nada Thamer 16 Amer Daoud Salman
7 Mehdi Kazem 17 Ali Tariq Sufian
8 Kadhim Mansour 18 Mohamed Abdel Abbas
9 Muntaha Khudair Abboud 19 Bassem Abdel Kadhim
10 Mariam Hashem Jayyan 20 Ahmed Raad
Salahideen
1 Yasser Mohammed Amar 11 Ahmed Hassan
2 Yousef Hassan Yousef 12 Qusay Rasoul
3 Maali Ibrahim 13 Omiya Faraj
4 Maeda khalaf swadi 14 Hamid Hamid Abdul
5 Hadeel Basem Ahmed 15 Ammar Juma Hanal
6 Leqaa Mohammed Abdullah 16 Sajee Saud
7 Resalah Mohamed Sabah 17 Khalaf taleb
8 Essam Hamid Saleh 18 Othman Suleiman
9 Ahmed Shehab Mohamed 19 Haifa Abdel
10 Hamam Ghanim Hamid
Anbar
1 Ahmed Haitham Jumaa 9 Mustafa Karim Khalaf
2 Ali Abdul Karim Saud 10 Aysar Mohammed dakheel
3 Omar Ahmed Ismail Maarouf 11 Abtahal Ahmed Ismail Maarouf
4 Mohamed Matar El Sewadawy 12 Samah Abdul Sager
5 Abdul Wahab Abdul Razzaq 13 Hajar Abdul Rahman Mohammed
6 Ahmed Mohamed Ajami 14 Rawa Mahmoud Aftan
7 Mostafa Riad Khader 15 Abeer Talib Saleh
8 Ahmed Khalil Yassin
Diyala
1 Haidar Mahmoud Ibrahim 8 Adnan Hassan Salman
2 Basem Rashid Khalil 9 Abbas Jabbar
3 Bassem Mohammed Odeh 10 Safa Talal Malik
4 Mounir Kamel Taha 11 Amal Hindi Ali
5 Abdul Rahman Qassem Shehab 12 Raghda Khalil Omar
6 Fares Nasr Saleh 13 Intisar Ali Ishaq
7 Adnan Ghassan Ibrahim 14 Hanan Abdul Sattar
Kirkuk
1 Hilal Said Nouri 12 Abdullah Abdul Karim
2 Hashim Sabah Qassem 13 Hassan Hamad Mahden
3 Enmar tamer 14 Asya Hussein Younis
4 Haytham Hamid Sultan 15 Deyaa Humaid
5 Muhannad Mohammed Mahmoud 16 Rabaa Ahmed Salim
6 Ibrahim Saleh Yassin 17 Reem Ibrahim Ahmed
7 Sufian Ahmed Suhail 18 Jouria Abdullah Ibrahim
8 Ali 19 Shaheed Aziz
9 Ahmed Mahdi 20 Intisar Taha Reda
10 Suhaib Sabah Nour Aldin 21 Mona Star
11 Mohammed Khaled Younes
Ninawa
1 Adawiya Fathi 8 Boshra Taha Mohamed
2 Amar Ali Mohamed 9 Omar Ziad Hashem
3 Talal Mohammed Saeed 10 Hala Ahmed Ali
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4 Nashwan Mohammed Younis 11 Mounir Samir

5 Louay Marwan Bashir 12 Samira Ali Mahmoud
6 Mohammed Muhannad Talal 13 Joury Salem Abdullah
7 Omar Riad Fadel
Babel
1 Abdullah Mohammed Abdullah 11 Salam Abdul Amir Hassan
2 Hassan Mahdi 12 Ather Qhani Mohammed
3 Nasir Ali 13 Asaad Salem Mohammed
4 Alaa Kazem Abbas 14 Fadel Abbas Nasser
5 Mohammed Salman Ahmed 15 Jawad Kazem Aboud
6 Amer Kadhim Abboud 16 Basma Ahmed Ali
7 Haidar Yassin Mohsen 17 Iman Hanoun
8 Fadel Abbas Nasser 18 Arboub Razakia
9 Hatem the ruler of Issa 19 Halima Arheen
10 Ali Kazem Mousa 20 Elaph Akram Dino
Page 106 of 133

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Annex III: Sample Grievance Registration Form

a. English version
Page 107 of 133

‫‪--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪b. Arabic version‬‬
‫ﯾﺮﺣﺐ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع ﺑﺄﯾﺔ اﺳﺘﻔﺴﺎرات‪ ،‬أو اﻗﺘﺮاﺣﺎت‪ ،‬أو ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت‪ ،‬أو ﺷﻜﺎوى ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺘﻨﻔﯿﺬ اﻟﻤﺸﺮوع‪ .‬ﻧﻨﺼﺢ اﻟﻤﺮاﺟﻌﯿﻦ ﺑﺬﻛﺮ اﻻﺳﻢ وﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻻﺗﺼﺎل‬
‫ﻟﯿﺘﺴﻨﻰ ﻟﻨﺎ اﻟﺘﻮاﺻﻞ ﻣﻌﮭﻢ ﺑﮭﺪف اﻻﯾﻀﺎح أو اﻟﺮد ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﻀﯿﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﺮوﺣﺔ‪ .‬أﻣﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﺧﺘﺎر اﺑﻘﺎء اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت اﻟﺸﺨﺼﯿﺔ ﺳﺮﯾﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﯿﺠﺐ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻋﺒﺎرة‬
‫"ﺳﺮي" ﻓﻮق اﻻﺳﻢ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺟﺰﯾﻞ اﻟﺸﻜﺮ‪.‬‬‫ّ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎن ﺗﺴﺠﯿﻞ اﻟﺸﻜﻮى‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎرﯾﺦ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‪ /‬اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﯿﻞ اﻟﺸﺨﺼﯿﺔ‬

‫اﻟﺴﻦ‬ ‫ذﻛﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻨﺲ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﻢ‬
‫اﻧﺜﻰ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮان اﻻﻗﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻜﺎن‬
‫رﻗﻢ اﻟﮭﺎﺗﻒ‬
‫اﻟﺒﺮﯾﺪ اﻻﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺸﻜﻮى‪ /‬اﻻﻗﺘﺮاح‪ /‬اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ /‬اﻻﺳﺘﻔﺴﺎر‪ .‬ﯾﺮﺟﻰ ﺗﺰوﯾﺪﻧﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺰﯾﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت )ﻣﻦ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎذا‪ ،‬أﯾﻦ‪ ،‬وﻛﯿﻒ؟( اﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﻜﻮى‪:‬‬
‫ﺿﻊ اﺷﺎرة ھﻨﺎ‪ ،‬إن ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﯿﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﻜﻞ رﺳﺎﻟﺔ أو ﻣﺮﻓﻖ □‬
‫ﻛﯿﻒ ﺗﺮﻏﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮد ﻋﻠﻰ ھﺬه اﻟﺸﻜﻮى‪ /‬اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺔ أو اﻟﺘﻄﻮرات اﻟﻤﺘﻌﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﮭﺎ؟‬
‫ﻟﻼﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﺮﺳﻤﻲ ﻓﻘﻂ‬

‫ﺳﺠﻠﺖ اﻟﺸﻜﻮى‪ /‬اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻈﺔ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ‪) :‬اﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻮظﻒ اﻟﻤﺴﺆول ﻋﻦ ﺗﺴﺠﯿﻞ اﻟﺸﻜﻮى(‬
‫طﺮﯾﻘﺔ اﻻﺗﺼﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‪ /‬رﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ﺑﺮﯾﺪ اﻟﻜﺘﺮوﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﻓﮭﺔ‪ /‬ھﺎﺗﻔﯿﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺖ اﻟﻤﺮاﺟﻌﺔ ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ‪) :‬اﺳﻤﺎء اﻻﺷﺨﺎص‪ /‬وظﯿﻔﺘﮭﻢ اﻟﺬﯾﻦ ﻗﺎﻣﻮا ﺑﻤﺮاﺟﻌﺔ اﻟﺸﻜﻮى(‬
‫اﻻﺟﺮاء اﻟﻤﺘﺨﺬ‪:‬‬
‫ﻧﻌﻢ‬ ‫ھﻞ ﺗﻤﺖ ﻣﻜﺎﺷﻔﺔ اﻻﺟﺮاء اﻟﻤﺘﺨﺬ‪:‬‬
‫ﻻ‬
‫طﺮق اﻟﻤﻜﺎﺷﻔﺔ‬
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Annex IV: Environmental & Social Screening Criteria/Checklists
Objective
To determine the WB safeguard instruments for each sub-project
In order to achieve the above, the screening process follows two stages:
- Stage 1: Criteria/Checklist 1 – Category A Checklist. The objective of this Checklist is to
identify projects which would have highly significant and sensitive E&S impacts (WB OP 4.01
Category A) and exclude them from the project.
- Stage 2: Screen the sub-project against Criteria/Checklist 1– Detailed Impact Assessment
Checklist, in order to assess the level of significance of potential E&S impacts, determine the
WB safeguard instruments needed (Monitoring ESMP Checklist, Site-specific ESMP, Site-
specific ESIA)
- Stage 3: Identify if the sub-project will trigger OP 4.12 and determine the WB instruments needed
(RPF and RAP).
Stage 1: Criteria/Checklist 1 – Category A Checklist (to identify projects with high E&S
impacts)
If any of the answers to the questions below was “Yes”, then the sub-project would be classified as
WB Category A and should be excluded from the Project.
a. Category A – Checklist
Sub-project title:
Sub-project brief description:
Questions Answer (Yes/No)
Will the project:
1. Cause sensitive (direct and or cumulative) impacts?
Examples of Sensitive impacts are those, which may be irreversible, or those which
raise issues related to natural habitats and/or physical cultural resources.
2. Cause diverse (direct and or cumulative) impacts? Diverse impacts are
those impacting different media (air quality, water quality, noise level, and risk to
the community) at the same time.
3. Cause unprecedented impacts?

Unprecedented impacts are those, which have not been experienced before in the
Project’s area of influence (i.e. those which occur for the first time in the area)
4. Have an area of influence that significantly exceeds its footprint?
5. Cause significant residual impacts?
Stage 2: Criteria/Checklist 2 - Detailed Impact Assessment Checklist

- If the answer was “Yes” to any of the questions, then a site-specific ESMP or a site-specific
ESIA shall be prepared for the sub-project (The site-specific ESIA should be prepared for
sub-projects involving multicomponent sites (i.e. rehabilitation of buildings or sites that
include various types of work packages; plumbing, plastering, tiling, electrical wiring,
painting, gardening, etc.)
- If the answer was “No” to all questions, then the simple monitoring ESMP checklist could be
used.
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b. Site-specific ESMP/ESIA – checklist

Question Answer Other
(Yes/No) categories
affected
a. Water (quality and resources)
a1 Is the sub-project adjacent to waterways?

a2 Will the sub-project generate solid waste?
a3 Will the sub-project generate liquid waste?
a4 Will the sub-project generate demolition waste?
a5 Will the sub-project generate hazardous waste (grease, oil, empty
paint containers, etc.)?
a6 Will the sub-project consume a considerable amount of potable
water (higher than 3m3/site/day)?
a7 Will the project cause interruption to water flows?
b. Air (Quality and Noise level)
b1 Will the sub-project make use of chemicals, corrosives, and

solvents?
b2 Will the sub-project use machinery?
b3 Will the sub-project involve refurbishment works (marble,
concrete, ceramics, wood, etc.)?
b4 Will the sub-project activities generate volatile Organic
Compounds VOCs (paints, asphalt heating, preparation and
application, etc.)?
b5 Will the sub-project involve major and/or minor demolition works?
b6 Will the sub-project involve Asbestos management?
b7 Will the sub-project involve the installation of air conditioning
elements/systems?
b8 Will the sub-project involve waste burning?
b9 Will the sub-project involve generation of odors?
c. Soil (quality and erosion)
c1 Will the sub-project cause soil erosion?

c2 Will the sub-project cause topsoil loss?
c3 Will the sub-project involve soil compaction?
c4 Will the sub-project involve concrete foundations/impervious
layers?
c5 Will the sub-project involve equipment on-site fueling and storage?
c6 Will the sub-project involve significant excavations and/or
movement of earth?
d. Social impacts and community health & safety
d1 Will the sub-project involve temporary labor influx (more than 20

workers)?
d2 Will the sub-project cause traffic impacts and accessibility issues?
d3 Could the sub-project cause utility damage?
d4 Will the sub-project affect physical integrity of weak
structures/houses adjacent to worksites?
e. Occupational Health & Safety
e1 Will the sub-project involve potential physical hazards?

e2 Will the sub-project involve fire hazards?
e3 Will the sub-project involve slippage, falling & working at
heights?
e4 Will the sub-project involve manual handling and lifting?
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Question Answer Other

(Yes/No) categories
affected
e5 Will the sub-project involve electrocution?
e6 Will the sub-project involve excavation works?
c. Monitoring ESMP – Checklist

Project Proponent: …………………………..…
Project Name: …………………………..............
Visit Date: ……………………………………....
Participants: ……………………………………
Safeguards/ Mitigation
Impact to check Yes No Remarks
measures carried on
1 Noise generation
2 Dust spreading out
3 Odor emission
Traffic problems (hindering, detours,
4
closure etc.)
5 Solid Waste Services problems
6 Sewerage Services problems
7 Water Services problems
8 Pedestrians' safety endangered
Landscape / aesthetic element/s
9
deteriorated
10 Natural Resources negatively affected
11 Cultural/ historical objects/sites affected
12 Biodiversity and Wildlife threatened
13 Workers safety and health considered
Workers commitment to OHS (vests,
14
gloves, Heavy Duty wearing apparel etc.)
15 Working machines suitability/ scaffolding
Improper storage of materials and
16
equipment
17 Security incidents at the working site
18 Child labor observed
Additional Impact (please add it)
………………………………………
19
………………………………………
20. Comments: …………………………………………………………………………………………………..
21. Recommendations:
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Environmental and Social Safeguards Specialist's Signature………………………………………

Date………………………………………
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Stage 3 – OP 4.12
If the answer was “Yes” to any of the questions, then the sub-project will trigger OP/BP 4.12, and the
WB instruments needed (RAP or ARAP) should be identified.
d. Involuntary Resettlement Checklist

1. Require physical displacement of land owners/lessees/occupiers/squatters?
2. Require permanent/temporary land acquisition?
3. Cause loss of assets, restriction to assets, loss of income sources or means of

livelihoods?
4. Cause partial loss of income, partial damage of the land, and temporary restriction to
assets?
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Annex V: Environmental Requirements for Contractors

General
1. Assuming the preparation of a specific Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) to address
the above-mentioned specific issues. The Contractor shall be informed about such an ESMP for worksite of this
Project, and prepare his work strategy and plan to fully take into account relevant provisions of that ESMP.
2. If the Contractor fails to implement the approved ESMP to fulfill his obligation within the requested
time, the Client reserves the right to arrange for execution of the missing action by a third party on account of
the Contractor.
3. The Contractor shall implement all measures necessary to avoid undesirable adverse environmental and
social impacts wherever possible, restore worksites to the acceptable standards, and abide by the ESMP.
4. These provisions also apply to any sub-contractors present on Project’s worksites.
General Environmental Protection Measures

5. In general, environmental protection measures to be taken at any worksite shall include:
5.1. Minimize the effect of dust on the environment resulting from earth mixing sites, vibrating
equipment, construction related traffic on temporary or existing access roads, etc.
5.2. Ensure that noise levels emanating from machinery, vehicles and noisy construction activities (e.g.
excavation, blasting) comply with Iraqi standards.
5.3. Ensure that existing water flow regimes in rivers, streams and other natural or irrigation channels are
maintained and/or re-established where they are disrupted due to works being carried out.
5.4. Prevent any substances, including bitumen, oils, lubricants and waste water used or produced, from
entering into rivers, streams, irrigation channels, and natural water bodies/reservoirs.
5.5. Avoid or minimize the occurrence of standing water in holes, trenches, borrow areas, etc.
5.6. Upon discovery of remains of archeological or historical importance during the, immediately report
to the Client (MOLSA/PMO).
5.7. Prohibit workers from exploiting natural resources: hunting, fishing, etc.
5.8. Prohibit the transport of firearms and/or third parties in Project-related vehicles.
5.9. Implement soil erosion control measures.
5.10. Ensure garbage, sanitation and drinking water facilities are provided at worksites.
5.11. Ensure that, local materials are used in lieu of transporting foreign materials, whenever possible.
5.12. Ensure public safety and avoid traffic accidents and comply with speed limits.
5.13. Ensure enough demarcation to any trench, pit, excavation, hole or other hazardous feature.
6. Besides the regular inspection of the sites by the supervisor appointed by the Client for ensuring
adherence, the Client may appoint an E&S specialist to oversee the compliance with these environmental
conditions and any proposed mitigation measures.
Pipelines
7. No trench shall be left open for more than 7 days, unless duly authorized by the supervisor upon
Contractor’s request. Provided enough demarcation
8. General conditions related with topsoil stripping, storage and restoration apply.
Waste Management
9. All drums, containers, bags, etc. containing oil/fuel/surfacing materials and other hazardous chemicals
(including oils from maintenance) shall be stored on a sealed and/or bonded area. All waste containers litter and
any other wastes shall be disposed of at designated disposal sites as approved by relevant governorates and
municipalities.
10. All drainage and effluent from storage areas, workshops, and worksites shall be captured and treated
before being discharged into the drainage system, in line with water pollution control regulations.
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11. Entry of runoff into construction sites, and worksites, shall be restricted by constructing diversion
channels or holding structures such as berms, drains, dams, etc.
12. Construction waste shall not be left in stockpiles along the road, but removed and reused or disposed of
on a daily basis.
13. Areas for temporary storage of hazardous materials such as contaminated liquid and solid materials
shall be approved by the supervisor and appropriate local and/or relevant national or local authorities before the
commencement of work. Disposal of such waste shall be in existing, approved sites.
Rehabilitation of Worksites
14. Topsoil shall be stripped, removed and stored for subsequent rehabilitation. Soils shall not be stripped
when wet, and not stored in large or high heaps.
15. Reinstate natural drainage patterns where they have been altered or impaired.
16. Remove toxic materials and dispose of in designated sites. Backfill with soils free of foreign material.
17. Ensure reshaped land is returned stable, and adequately drained.
18. Minimize erosion by wind and water both during and after the process of reinstatement.
19. Compacted surfaces shall be deep ripped to relieve compaction unless dictated otherwise.
Management of Water Needed for Construction Purposes

20. The Contractor shall at all costs avoid conflicting with water needs of local communities. Any
temporary water abstraction for construction needs shall be consulted with community. Prior permit is required.
21. No construction water containing spoils or site effluent, especially cement and oil, shall be allowed to
flow into natural water drainage courses, including wash water.
22. Site spoils/temporary stockpiles shall be located away from the drainage system and surface runoff.
Traffic Management and Community Safety

23. Location of temporary access roads shall be done in consultation with the local community especially
in important or sensitive environments. Access roads shall not traverse wetlands/ecologically sensitive areas.
Consultations shall be documented.
24. Upon the completion of civil works, all temporary access roads shall be ripped and rehabilitated.
25. Measures shall be taken to suppress dust emissions generated by Project traffic.
26. Maximum speed limits for any construction-related traffic shall not exceed 50km/h in inhabited areas.
Salvaging and Disposal of Obsolete Components Found by Rehabilitation Works

27. Obsolete materials and construction elements such as electro-mechanical equipment, electrical wires,
pipes, accessories and demolished structures shall be salvaged and disposed of in a manner approved by the
supervisor. The Contractor has to agree with the supervisor which elements are to be surrendered to the Client’s
premises, which will be recycled or reused, and which will be disposed of at approved landfill sites.
28. Any asbestos cement material that might be uncovered when performing rehabilitation works will be
considered as hazardous material and disposed of in a designated facility.
Damage to Property
29. In case of damages to property, the Contractor shall repair to the owner’s satisfaction and at his own
cost. A certificate from the owner/user shall be obtained for each repair.
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30. For each repair, the Contractor shall obtain from the owner/user a certificate that the damage has been
made good satisfactorily in order to indemnify the Client from subsequent claims.
Contractor’s Health, Safety and Environment Management Plan (HSE-MP)

31. The Contractor shall prepare an HSE-MP within 6 weeks of signing the Contract. The Contractor’s
EHS-MP shall provide:
31.1. a description of procedures and methods for complying with environmental management conditions,
and any specific conditions specified in an ESMP;
31.2. a description of specific mitigation measures that will be implemented in order to minimize adverse
impacts;
31.3. a description of all planned monitoring activities and the reporting thereof;
31.4. the internal organizational, management and reporting mechanisms put in place for such.
32. The Contractor’s HSE-MP will be reviewed and approved by MOLSA before start of the works.
HSE Reporting
33. The Contractor shall prepare bi-monthly progress reports to the Client on compliance with these
general conditions, the project ESMP, and his own HSE-MP. These to include:
33.1. HSE management actions/measures taken, including approvals sought from local or national
authorities;
33.2. Problems encountered in relation to HSE aspects (incidents, including delays, cost consequences,
etc. as a result thereof);
33.3. Non-compliance with contract requirements on the part of the Contractor;
33.4. Changes of assumptions, conditions, measures, designs and actual works in relation to HSE aspects;
and
33.5. Observations, concerns raised and/or decisions taken with regard to HSE management during site
meetings.
34. The reporting of any significant HSE incidents shall be done as soon as practicable, within an incident
report. Records shall be kept. They could also be attached to progress reports.
Training of Contractor’s Personnel

35. The Contractor shall provide sufficient training to his own personnel to ensure awareness on aspects of
these general conditions, any project ESMP, and his own HSE-MP. Specific training will be provided to those
Employees that have particular responsibilities associated with the implementation of the HSE-MP. Training
activities will be documented for potential review by the MOLSA/PMO.
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Annex VI: Typical ESMP report content

The ESIA report should include the following items as a minimum (not necessarily in the order shown):
a. Executive summary. Concisely discusses significant findings and recommended actions.
b. Policy, legal, and administrative framework. Discusses the policy, legal, and administrative framework
within which the EIA is carried out. Explains the environmental requirements of any co-financiers.
Identifies relevant international environmental agreements to which the country is a party.
c. Project description. Concisely describes the proposed project and its geographic, ecological, social,
and temporal context, including any offsite investments that may be required (e.g., dedicated pipelines,
access roads, power plants, water supply, housing, and raw material and product storage facilities, etc.).
Indicates the need for any resettlement plan or indigenous peoples development plan (see also
subparagraph (h) (v) below). Normally includes a map showing the project site and the project's area
of influence.
d. Baseline data. Assesses the dimensions of the study area and describes relevant physical, biological,
and socioeconomic conditions, including any changes anticipated before the project commences. Also
takes into account current and proposed development activities within the project area but not directly
connected to the project. Data should be relevant to decisions about project location, design, operation,
or mitigatory measures. The section indicates the accuracy, reliability, and sources of the data.
e. Environmental and social impacts. Predicts and assesses the project's likely positive and negative
impacts, in quantitative terms to the extent possible. Identifies mitigation measures and any residual
negative impacts that cannot be mitigated. Explores opportunities for environmental enhancement.
Identifies and estimates the extent and quality of available data, key data gaps, and uncertainties
associated with predictions, and specifies topics that do not require further attention.
f. Analysis of alternatives (optional in a category B project). Systematically compares feasible
alternatives to the proposed project site, technology, design, and operation - including the "without
project" situation - in terms of their potential environmental impacts; the feasibility of mitigating these
impacts; their capital and recurrent costs; their suitability under local conditions; and their institutional,
training, and monitoring requirements. For each of the alternatives, quantifies the environmental
impacts to the extent possible, and attaches economic values where feasible. States the basis for
selecting the particular project design proposed and justifies recommended emission levels and
approaches to pollution prevention and abatement.
g. Environmental and social management plan (ESMP). Covers mitigation measures, monitoring, and
institutional strengthening; see outline in OP 4.01, Annex C.
h. Appendices would include:
(i) List of EIA report preparers--individuals and organizations.
(ii) References--written materials, both published and unpublished, used in study preparation.
(iii) Record of interagency and consultation meetings, including consultations for obtaining the
informed views of the affected people and local nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). The
record specifies any means other than consultations (e.g., surveys) that were used to obtain the
views of affected groups and local NGOs.
(iv) Tables presenting the relevant data referred to or summarized in the main text.
(v) List of associated reports (e.g. resettlement plan or indigenous people’s development plan).
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Public Disclosure Authorized

Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs

Environmental and Social Management Framework

Iraq Emergency Social Stabilization and

ESMF Report – 21 December 2018

8.2. Capacity Building and Training Needs ............................................................................. 86

Table 1: Indicative Resource Allocation – Livelihood Opportunities .................................................................................. 11

Table 28: Safeguarding, approval and disclosure methodology .......................................................................................... 92

Figure 1: Project boundaries (colored) ................................................................................................................................3

List of Acronyms and Abbreviations

°C Degree Celsius M Meter

F Fluoride PSS Psychosocial Support Services

ES.3 – Environmental and Social Setting

ES.4 – Policy, Legal, and Regulatory Framework

- Protection of Wild Animals and Birds, Law no. 21 – 1997

Ministry of Health and - Determination of level of EIAs required for sub-projects

ES.5 – Public Consultation

ES.6 – Environmental and Social Impact and Management Framework

The following provides summary impacts and management measures

# Impacts Rating Management

# Impacts Rating Management

# Impacts Rating Management

1.2 Rationale for Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF)

Chapter 2: Project Description

2.1. Iraqi Emergency Social Stabilization and Resilience Project (ESSRP)

Figure 1: Project boundaries (colored)

2.2. Project Development Objectives

Component 1 – Cash for Work, Livelihoods, and Social Support

Component 2 – Resilient Social Safety Nets

Component 3 – Project Management

2.3. Project Components

Sub‐Component 1.1 – Cash for Work (US$164.5 million)

- To encourage female participation, the appropriate form of wages is important—for example,

Sub-Component 1.2 – Psychosocial Support Services (US$4.95 million)

Expected benefits from this intervention include:

Mental health care by mental health

Basic mental health care by PHC Focused

Activating social networks Strengthening community

Figure 2: IASC Guidelines Intervention Pyramid

Intervention 1: Scaling up the provision of MHPSS services (US$3.45 million)

Intervention 3: Policy Dialogue (US$0.5 million)

Sub‐Component 1.3 – Livelihoods Opportunities (US$500,000)

- Provision of technical assistance to MOLSA to support enhancements to the existing

The project therefore embraces a comprehensive approach, complementing existing poverty-targeted

Table 1: Indicative Resource Allocation – Livelihood Opportunities

Component 2 – Resilient Social Safety Nets (US$18.10 million)

targeting in the form of a conflict/post conflict‐sensitive monitoring arrangement that includes

Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM)

Component 3 – Project Management (US$4.605 million)

Table 2: Allocations of Component 3

2.4. ESSRP Implementation Timetable

Table 3: Proposed time schedule for implementing ESSRP

Chapter 3: Environmental and Social Settings

3.1. Physical Environment

Table 4: Concentrations of major air pollutants in Baghdad (Jan – Mar 2014)

Table 5: Average annual amounts of falling dust in 7 governorates – 2012

Source: cso 2014

High rates of air pollutants in Iraq can be attributed to many reasons:

Table 6: Water production and per capita share in 7 governorates – 2012

3.2. Biological Environment

- Tigris‐Euphrates alluvial salt marsh;

- Eastern Mediterranean conifer‐sclerophyllous‐broadleaf forest;

Figure 3: Distribution of Ecoregions in Iraq according to Project areas