INSTITUCIÓN EDUCATIVA SAN VICENTE

GUÍAS DE INGLÉS GRADO OCTAVO

DOCENTE ENCARGADO: FREDY LOZADA MELÉNDEZ

A continuación, encontramos una agenda de trabajo que deberás tener en cuenta

para el desarrollo de las actividades, por favor lee los siguiente
A. Teoria de los temas faltantes en el primer periodo
B. Apoyo audiovisual
C. Actividades a desarrollar
D. Producción evaluativa

ESTANDAR: Reconozco el propósito de una descripción en textos narrativos de mediana

extensión
DBA: Recognizes specific information in short oral and written texts on topics of general
interest
TOPICS:
GRAMMAR
PRESENT CONTINUOUS

A. TEORIAS
GRAMMAR
Lee la siguiente teoría
Presente Continuo
El presente progresivo se utiliza para acontecimientos que están ocurriendo en o en torno
a este momento particular en el tiempo, o para indicar que algo es temporal, o para hablar
de situaciones que van cambiando, y también para hablar sobre planes en el futuro.
La estructura básica del afirmativo del presente continuo: (somebody=alguien;
somewhere-algún sitio; something=algo)
suj aux verbo
I am eating something. Estoy comiendo algo.
You are talking to somebody. Estas hablando con alguien.
He is listening to something. Está escuchando algo. (él)
She is reading something. Está leyendo algo. (ella)
It is going somewhere. Va a algún sitio.
You are looking at something. Mirais algo.
We are wearing something. Llevamos algo puesto.
They are sitting somewhere. Están sentados en algún sitio.
Nota: Con el presente continuo se utilizan dos verbos: la forma correspondiente del verbo
"to be" como verbo auxilar y la forma básica del verbo (el infinitivo) como verbo principal
(más "ing").
Nota: Normalmente, simplemente se añade "ing" al verbo para formar el verbo principal
(Llamado "presente participio" por unos y forma "-ing" por otros). En los verbos de una
sola sílaba que acaban en una vocal y una consonante, se dobla la consonante: "sit" =
"sitting". En los verbos que acaban en una vocal, una consonante y "e", se quita la "e" y se
reemplaza con "ing": "write" = "writing", "rate" = "rating", "like" = "liking".
Una diferencia entre el presente continuo y el presente simple: Algunas ideas en inglés
pueden sonar un tanto absurdas a oídos españoles si se traducen directamente. Por
ejemplo, "We are wearing something" equivale a "Llevamos algo puesto" y no "Estamos
llevando algo puesto", o "They are sitting" equivale a "Están sentados" y no "Están
sentándose" como en español. La razón por la que utilizamos el presente continuo para
describir estas situaciones es que el presente simple en inglés se limita a describir hábitos
y características (o verdades generales). En otras palabras, si utilizáramos el presente
simple para decir "we wear something" sonaría a que tenemos ese hábito o característica.
(Por ejemplo: "Llevamos puesto algo todos los días" o "Llevamos puesto algo por regla
general".)

La estructura básica del negativo del presente continuo:

SUJ AUX VERBO

I am not eating something. No estoy comiendo algo.
You are not talking to somebody. No estas hablando con alguien.
He is not listening to something. No está escuchando algo. (él)
She is not reading something. No está leyendo algo. (ella)
It is not going somewhere. No va a algún sitio.
You are not looking at something. No mirais algo.
We are not wearing something. No llevamos algo puesto.
They are not sitting somewhere. No están sentados en algún sitio.

Nota: Contracciones: Se suele contraer "It is" con "it's", "it is not" con "it's not" o "it isn't",
"you are" con "you're", "we are not" con "we're not" o "we aren't", "that is" con "that's", "that
is not" con "that's not" o "that isn't", etc. (Nota: "I am not" solamente se contrae con "I'm
not").

La estructura básica del interrogativo del presente continuo: (anywhere = alguna o

cualquier parte, anybody = cualquiera, alguien, anything = cualquier cosa, algo)

aux suj verbo

Am I eating something? ¿Estoy comiendo algo?
Are you talking to somebody? ¿Estas hablando con alguien?
Is he listening to something? ¿Está escuchando algo? (él)
Is she reading something? ¿Está leyendo algo? (ella)
Is it going somewhere? ¿Va a algún sitio?
Are you looking at something? ¿Mirais algo?
Are we wearing something? ¿Llevamos algo puesto?
Are they sitting somewhere? ¿Están sentados en algún sitio?

Nota: La palabra "some" y "any" a veces significan lo mismo. La principal diferencia es

que "some" se suele utilizar para afirmativas y "any" para negativas y interrogativas.
Nota: En el presente continuo interrogativo simplemente se intercambia el verbo "to be"
con el sujeto para hacer la pregunta.

La estructura básica de las respuestas cortas del presente continuo (e iguales a las del
verbo "to be"):

Af. Neg.
Yes, I am. No, I'm not.
Yes, you are. No, you aren't. (you're not)
Yes, he is. No, he isn't. (he's not)
Yes, she is. No, she isn't. (she's not)
Yes, it is. No, it isn't. (it's not)
Yes, we are. No, we aren't. (we're not)
Yes, you are. No, you aren't. (you're not)
Yes, they are. No, they aren't. (they're not)

Como deletrear en el presente continuo:

Al verbo normalmente simplemente se le añade "ing":

go - going
help - helping
read - reading
say - saying
work - working
show - showing
tell - telling
think - thinking
look - looking
try - trying
ask - asking
feel - feeling
keep - keeping
find - finding
talk - talking
turn - turning
hand - handing
hear - hearing
play – playing

Si el verbo acaba en un consonante y un "e", quita el "e" y añade "ing":

come - coming
give - giving
write - writing
take - taking
use - using
make - making
state - stating
leave – leaving

Si el verbo tiene una sola silaba y acaba con un solo vocal y un solo consonante,
dobla el consonante:

get - getting
put - putting
let - letting
run - running

Lista de verbos más frequentes con oraciones como ejemplo:

come venir Some people are coming to my house. (Algunos están de

camino a mi casa.)
find encontrar Are you finding many Easter eggs? (¿Estás encontrando
muchos huevos de Pascua?)
get conseguir, He's getting a lot of emails every day. (Está recibiendo
coger muchos correos electrónicos todos los días.)
give dar Why is your mother giving us a new car? (¿Por qué nos está
dando tu madre un coche nuevo?)
go ir We are going on holiday for a long time. (Nos vamos de
vacaciones por mucho tiempo.)
help ayudar Is the government helping to clean the air? (¿Está ayudando el
Gobierno a limpiar el aire?)
put poner Why are you putting all the people together in the same place?
(¿Por qué juntas toda esta gente en el mismo sitio?)
read leer Are you reading a good book? (¿Estás leyendo un buen libro?)
say decir He is saying everything again. (Está diciendo todo otra vez.)
work trabajar That man is working a lot too. (Ese hombre está trabajando
mucho también.)
write escribir She is writing another play. (Está escribiendo otra obra.)
show mostrar Is he showing his new house to his friends? (¿Está mostrando
su nueva casa a sus amigos?)
take coger He’s taking his father to the city. (Está llevando a su padre a la
ciudad.)
tell contar, decir She is telling a story to the children. (Está contando un cuento
a los niños.)
use usar What facts and information are you using for your homework?
(¿Qué hechos e información estás usando para tus tareas?)
think pensar What are you thinking about? (¿De qué piensas?)
make hacer They’re making a cake. (Están haciendo un pastel.)
look mirar Who are you looking at? (¿A qué miras?)
try intentar He's trying to create a business. (Está intentando crear un
negocio.)
ask preguntar Are you asking the right questions? (¿Estás haciendo las
preguntas correctas?)
feel sentir Actually, I'm feeling bad. (En realidad me siento mal.)
state expresar The men are stating their names and addresses. (Los hombres
están diciendo sus nombres y direcciones.)
leave irse Are you already leaving the party? (¿Ya te vas de la fiesta?)
keep quedarse He’s keeping all the candies. (Se está quedando con todos los
caramelos.)
let dejar, They’re letting everyone into the museum. (Están dejando que
permitir todos entren en el Museo.)
talk hablar She is talking to herself. (Está hablando a sí misma.)
turn dar la vuelta, He's turning to page two. (Está pasando a la página dos.)
pasa
hand dar con la They are handing him the food. (Le está dando la comida con
mano la mano.)
hear oir My parents are hearing noises. I think it's music. (Mis padres
están oyendo ruidos. Creo que es música.)
play jugar The boys are playing games. (Los niños están jugando juegos.)
run correr She is running in the race to win. (Está corriendo en la carrera
para ganar.)

Para que se utiliza el presente continuo:

1. Para hablar sobre acontecimientos que están ocurriendo en o en torno a este

momento particular en el tiempo - "I'm speaking." (Estoy hablando.) "She's listening to
music." (Está escuchando música.)

2. Para indicar que algo es temporal – "I'm living in Madrid." vs. "I live in Madrid." Ambas
oraciones se traducen: "Vivo en Madrid", pero la primera indica que pienso que es una
situación temporal.
3. Para hablar de situaciones que van cambiando – "It's getting hotter and hotter."
(Cada vez hace más calor)

4. Para hablar sobre planes en el futuro - "I'm having lunch with the boss tomorrow."
(Voy a comer con el jefe mañana.)

"Going to" - Existe otra estructura similar en presente continuo para hablar sobre
intenciones en el futuro. La estructura se construye con el verbo "to be" seguido por
"going to" y el infinitivo de otro verbo, por ejemplo: "I am going to have lunch with the boss
tomorrow." (Voy a comer con el jefe mañana.)

El presente continuo y verbos de estado:

Generalmente el presente continuo no acepta los verbos de estado sin un cambio de

significado. Algunos verbos de estado son: "hate" (odio), "like" (gustar), "want" (querer),
"have" (tener), y "know" (saber). Se utilizan estos verbos para hablar de algo que "está" o
"no está", o "es" o "no es". Por ejemplo, el "odio" se tiene o no se tiene, pero normalmente
uno no puede estar "odiando". Igualmente tampoco puede estar "gustando", "queriendo",
"teniendo" o "sabiendo". En vez del presente continuo utilizamos el presente simple para
expresar estos estados.

have - (tener) – I have a car. (Tengo un coche.)

NOT - I'm having a car. (Estoy teniendo un coche.)
know - (saber) – I know Mary. (Conozco a Mary.)
NOT - I'm knowing Mary. (Estoy conociendo a Mary.)
like - (gustar) – I like coffee. (Me gusta el café.)
NOT - I'm liking coffee. (Me esta gustando el café.)
want - (querer) – I want a new mobile. (Quiero un móvil nuevo.)
NOT - I'm wanting a new mobile. (Estoy queriendo un móvil nuevo.)
to mean – (significar) – "Love" sometimes means to "like a lot". ("Amar" a veces significa
"querer mucho".)
NOT - "Love" sometimes is meaning "liking a lot". ("Amar" a veces está significando
"gustar mucho".)
to seem – (parecer) – He seems tired. (Parece cansado.)
NOT - He is seeming tired. (Esta pareciendo cansado.)
to believe – (creer) – I believe you. (Te creo.)
NOT I'm believing you. (Te estoy creyendo.)
to understand – (entender) – I don't understand films in English. (No entiendo películas
en inglés.)
NOT - I am not understanding films in English. (No estoy entendiendo películas en
inglés.)

Otros significados: Puede que hayas visto otros significados de algunos de estos
verbos. En la oración "I'm loving it", "love" significa "disfrutar", no "amar" y "She's having a
baby" significa "está dando a luz".
La estructura básica de los interrogativos negativos del presente continuo:

AUX SUJETO VERBO, ETC.

Wh aren't you studying, Charlie? ¿Por qué no estas

y estudiando, Charlie?
Wh isn't she writing her book? ¿Por qué no está
y escribiendo su libro?
Aren' you helping your friends? ¿No estas ayudando a tus
t amigos?
Isn't he playing in the game? ¿No está jugando en el
partido?
Isn't she having her baby at the ¿No está pariendo
hospital? su bebé en el
hospital?

La estructura básica del presente continuo para hablar del futuro:

El presente continuo se utiliza también para hablar sobre planes en el futuro (suele estar
relacionado con una agenda, aunque sea "virtual"), por ejemplo:

A: Would you like to have lunch with me tomorrow?

B: Sorry, I can't. I'm having lunch with my boss tomorrow.

A: Are you going to the party at Mary's on Friday night?

B: I'd love to, but I'm working on Friday evening.

A: What are you doing this evening?

B: I have to help Robert finish his homework. He'll never manage without me.

A: How are you getting to Barcelona for the concert this weekend?
B: I'm flying with Iberia tomorrow night.
 B. APOYO AUDIOVISUAL

C. ACTIVIDADES A DESARROLLAR
Despues de haber visto los videos y hacer las lecturas de la parte gramatical resuelve
los siguientes talleres en casa.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS OR PROGRESSIVE

READING COMPREHENSION TEXT WITH PRESENT CONTINUOUS (EXERCISE 1)

It’s a rainy Saturday. It’s raining a lot and Mary and her family are spending the afternoon
at home. Her uncles are visiting them.
Mary and her father are in the living room. Mary is making a draw and her father,
Mr.Harris, is surfing the net. They are also talking.
Mary’s older brother, Peter, is in his bedroom playing computer games. He is a computer
fanatic and he spends much time playing on the computer. His little brother, Jim is also in
the living room. He is playing with his dinosaurs’ collection. Sometimes he teases Mary, he
is a really naughty boy.
Mary’s mother, Mrs. Harris, is in the kitchen preparing a snack for all of them. She is
making some tea and talking to Mary’s uncles – Lucy and Tom. They are from the nearest
town and stopped by to say hello.
Fluffy, the family cat, is sleeping on the kitchen’s sofa. We can’t see him in the picture,
but he is a true fluffy cat.

1. True or False? Correct the false ones.

1. It’s a rainy Sunday.

2. Mary and her father are in the living room.

3. She is watching television.

4. Mary’s father is making tea.

5. Peter is reading a book.

6. Jim is in his bedroom.

7. Mary’s uncles are sleeping in the guest room.

8. Fluffy is playing with its ball.

2. Answer the questions about the text.

1. What day of the week is it?

2. Where is Mary?

3. What is she doing?

4. What is Mr. Harris doing?

5. Is Mrs. Harris preparing a snack in the kitchen?

6. What is Fluffy, the cat, doing?

3. What are they doing? Use the following verbs: WATER / READ /SLEEP / WRITE /
SWEEP

John Peter Sue Daniela Patricia and Mario

1. .
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .

READING COMPREHENSION TEXT WITH PRESENT CONTINUOUS (EXERCISE 2)

It is the afternoon and the family is at home. Anna´s mother and father are in the dining
room, writing letters. Her uncle and aunt are in the sitting room: Ben´s reading a book and
Rita´s watching TV. Katherine´s in the garden playing football with Margaret´s
brothers.Anna´s brother and sister are playing with their trains in the attic. William´s in the
kitchen. he´s making coffee with two of his cousins. Anna´s in her bedroom,reading a
comic.
Answer these questions:

1. What´s Ben
doing?
2. Where´s Rita?

3. What´s Katherine
doing?
4. Where is
she?
5. Where´s William?

6. What´s he
doing?

READING COMPREHENSION TEXT WITH PRESENT CONTINUOUS (EXERCISE 3)

Who are they? Where are they? What are they doing?
Now Janet is in her house. She is sitting on a wooden chair. She is holding a coat. She is
fixing it. James is Janet's husband. He is sitting in front of her. He is fixing clothes too.
Elizabeth is sitting next to James. She is Janet's sister. Right now she is helping Janet and
James. They are working together. They are fixing clothes. At this moment a man is
coming in. He is wearing dark clothes. He is carrying a pile of clothes. They are all working
very hard.
1. Answer the following questions. Use the Present Progressive tense.
1. Where is Janet sitting now? What is she doing?
2. Where is James sitting now? What is he doing?
3. Who is coming in at this moment? What is he carrying?

2. Rewrite the following sentences as negative sentences, yes/no questions,

WH-questions (using the underlined word) and tag questions.
 Examples for the sentence “Dan is eating n

ow” Negative: Dan is not eating now.

Yes/No Question: Is Dan eating now?

WH-Question: When is Dan eating?

Tag Question: Dan is eating now, isn’t he?

1. She is sitting on a wooden chair.

Negative:

Yes/No Question:

WH-Question:

Tag Question:

2. She is holding a coat.

Negative:

Yes/No Question:

WH-Question:

Tag Question:

3. He is wearing dark clothes.

Negative:

Yes/No Question:

WH-Question:

Tag Question:
D. PRODUCCION EVALUATIVA
I. LOOK AT THE PICTURE, READ THE SENTENCES AND WRITE
THE NAME IN THE RIGHT BOX.

1-I’M CAROL. I’M PLAYING WITH A GREEN DOLL.

2- HARRY IS MY FATHER.HE IS READING THE NEWSPAPER.

3- CARLA IS MY MOTHER. SHE IS LISTENING TO THE RADIO.

4- EDITH IS MY GANDMOTHER. SHE IS DRINKING TEA.

5- WILLIAM IS MY GRANDFATHER. HE IS SLEEPING.

6-PETER IS MY BOTHER. HE IS CLEANING THE WINDOWS.

7- SALLY IS MY SISTER. SHE IS PLAYING WITH ME.

8- PAUL IS MY COUSIN. HE IS EATING A SANDWICH.

9- TOM IS MY UNCLE. HE IS WATERING THE PLANTS

II. COMPLETE WITH THE RIGHT WORD FROM THE BOX

HUSBAN NIECE DAUGHTER GRANDDAUGHTER SON WIFE

D UNCLE NEPHE
W

1- HARRY IS CARLA’S

2- TOM IS SALLY’S

3- EDITH IS WILLIAM’S

4- SALLY IS EDITH’S

5- PETER IS CARLA’S

6- I’M TOM’S

7- SALLY IS HARRY’S

8- PETER IS TOM’S

III. ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.

1- IS CARLA WATCHING T.V?

2- WHAT ARE CAROL AND SALLY DOING?

3- WHAT IS WILLIAM DOING?

4- ARE THE BIRDS FLYING?

 5- WHAT IS THE CAT DOING?

6- WHAT ARE THE DUCKS DOING?

7. IS PETER CLEANING THE DOORS?

8- IS TOM WATERING THE PLANTS?

9- ARE EDITH AND WILLIAM TALKING?

10- IS HARRY READING A BOOK.

IV. TRUE OR FALSE?

T F
1. THERE ARE TWO CATS CLIMBING THE TREE.
2. THE DUCKS ARE SWIMMING
3. EDITH IS SITTING NEXT TO WILLIAM.
4. PAUL IS EATING A SANDWICH.
5. THE BIRDS ARE SINGING.
6. CAROL AND SALLY ARE PLAYING WITH CARS