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(Reaffirmed 2004)
Edition 5.1
(1998-08)
Indian Standard
GREY IRON CASTINGS SPECIFICATION
( Fourth Revision )
(Incorporating Amendment No. 1)
UDC 669.131.614
© BIS 2007
Price Group 5
Pig Iron and Cast Iron Sectional Committee, MTD 6
FOREWORD
This Indian Standard (Fourth Revision) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the
draft finalized by the Pig Iron and Cast Iron Sectional Committee had been approved by the
Metallurgical Engineering Division Council.
This standard was first published in 1950 and subsequently revised in 1962, 1970 and 1978. While
reviewing this standard in the light of the experience gained during these years, the committee
decided to revise it to align with the present practices followed by the Indian industries and to
bring it in line with the other overseas standards.
The various diameters of test bar according to the section size of the castings have been replaced
by a single size of test bar. Guidance on the effect of section size of the casting on the tensile
strength is, however, given in Annex A. A comparison between grades is given in Annex B.
The production of castings in the higher grades of grey cast iron often involves special techniques.
It is recommended, therefore, that for either large or intricate castings or a casting involving both
these conditions, or where the castings have to withstand exception conditions, the grade of grey
cast iron selected and any heat treatment involved should be agreed between the manufacturer
and the purchaser. The higher grades of grey cast iron (that is, Grade FG300, FG350 and FG400)
present special difficulties for section 10 mm and thinner.
For the benefit of the purchaser, typical properties of grey cast iron have been added in Annex C.
Information to be supplied by the purchaser while ordering grey iron castings according to this
specification is given in Annex D.
In the formulation of this standard assistance has been derived from ISO 185 Grey Cast Iron
Specification issued by International Organization for Standardization.
This edition 5.1 incorporates Amendment No. 1 (August 1998). Side bar indicates modification of
the text as the result of incorporation of the amendment.
For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with,
the final value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded
off in accordance with IS 2 : 1960 Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised ). The number
of significant places retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified
value in this standard.
IS 210 : 1993
Indian Standard
GREY IRON CASTINGS SPECIFICATION
( Fourth Revision )
1 SCOPE 6 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
This standard covers the requirements for grey 6.1 The composition of cast iron shall be left to
iron castings. the discretion of the manufacturer, but a maxi-
mum limit for phosphorus and/or sulphur may
2 REFERENCES be specified by the purchaser, if he so desires.
The following Indian Standards are necessary 6.2 In case of special castings, the detailed
adjuncts to this standard: chemical composition shall be as agreed to be-
tween the purchaser and the manufacturer.
IS No. Title
7 WORKMANSHIP AND FINISH
1387 : 1993 General requirements for the
supply of metallurgical material 7.1 The castings shall be accurately moulded in
( second revision ) accordance with the pattern or working
1500 : 1983 Method for Brinell hardness test drawings supplied by the purchaser, with the
for metallic materials ( second addition of such letters, figures or marks as
revision ) may be specified.
2078 : 1979 Method for tensile testing of 7.2 The purchaser shall specify tolerances,
grey cast iron ( first revision ) machining location and allowances with
reference to all important dimensions. On other
4843 : 1968 Code for designation of ferrous
dimensions tolerances specified in IS 5519 :1979
castings
shall apply.
5139 : 1969 Recommended procedure for
repair of grey iron castings by 8 HEAT TREATMENT
oxyacetylene and manual metal Castings are generally supplied without having
arc welding
any heat treatment, However, if required by the
5519 : 1979 Deviations for untoleranced purchaser, the heat treatment may be carried out
dimensions of grey iron castings in accordance with 2 of IS 13655 : 1993.
( first revision )
9 MICROSTRUCTURE
13655 : 1993 Guidelines for heat treatment of
cast iron Where so required, the microstructure of grey
iron castings and the location for taking the
3 SUPPLY OF MATERIAL sample shall be as agreed to between the
purchaser and the manufacturer.
General requirements relating to the supply of
grey iron castings shall be as laid down in 10 FREEDOM FROM DEFECTS
IS 1387 : 1993.
10.1 The castings shall be sound, clean and free
4 GRADES from porosity, blow holes, hard spots, cracks,
hot tears, coldshuts, distortion, sand and slag
There shall be seven grades of grey iron inclusions and other harmful defects. They
castings namely, Grades FG150, FG200, shall be well-dressed and fettled, and shall be
FG220, FG260, FG300, FG350 and FG 400. readily machinable.
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IS 210 : 1993
2
IS 210 : 1993
3
IS 210 : 1993
ANNEX A
( Foreword and Clause 19.3 )
A-1 The Indian Standard grades of grey cast A-2 Figure 2 gives a guide to the likely
iron are based on the minimum tensile strength variation in tensile strength in different
obtained when metal is cast into test bars of sections when a given grade of grey iron is cast
30 mm diameter. The strength developed by a into a casting of simple shape and uniform
given metal shall vary with the cooling rate in thickness or containing cored holes where the
the mould higher strengths being obtained if cooling rate in the mould of a given section
the same metal is cast into smaller bars than shall differ from that in a casting of sample
30 mm diameter and lower strengths if the shape and uniform thickness, the diagram
metal is cast into bars larger than 30 mm provides only an approximate guide to the
diameter. Similarly, the cooling rate of a flat
likely tensile strength in different sections and
plate is slower than that of a bar whose
diameter is equal to the thickness of the plate design should be based on the measured tensile
so that the strength developed in the plate will strength in critical parts of the casting.
be lower than that developed in the bar.
A-2.1 Table 4 gives guidance to the likely varia-
A-1.1 The cooling rate of a casting in a mould tion in tensile strength for different casting
(hence the strength developed in any particular
section thicknesses when a given grade of grey
section thickness by the metal employed for its
manufacture) is influenced also by the presence cast iron is cast into a casting of simple shape
of cores, changes in section thickness, the and uniform thickness. For casting of
presence of bosses projections and intersections, non-uniform section or castings containing cored
such as the junctions of ribs and bosses. Thus, in holes, the table provides only an approximate
castings of other than simple shape and uniform guide to the likely tensile strength in different
thickness the cooling rate of any part can be sections, and casting design should be based on
expected to differ from that of a flat plate of the measured tensile strength in critical parts of
similar section thickness. the casting.
This diagram is for guidance and should not be used for acceptance purposes.
FIG. 2 VARIATION OF TENSILE STRENGTH WITH CROSS-SECTIONAL THICKNESS OF GREY IRON CASTINGS
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IS 210 : 1993
Table 4 Anticipated Tensile Properties for the Castings (for Information Only)
( Clause A-2.1 )
Grade Casting Section Thickness, Anticipated Tensile
mm Strength
MPa (N/mm2)
Over Up to and
Including
FG 150 2.5 10 155
10 20 130
20 30 115
30 50 105
FG 200 2.5 10 205
10 20 180
20 30 160
30 50 145
FG 260 4.0 10 260
10 20 235
20 30 215
30 50 195
FG 300 10 20 270
20 30 245
30 50 225
FG 350 10 20 315
20 30 290
30 50 270
ANNEX B
( Foreword )
FIG. 3 COMPARISON BETWEEN GRADES IN THIS EDITION AND THE PREVIOUS EDITION
BASED ON MINIMUM TENSILE STRENGTH
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IS 210 : 1993
ANNEX C
( Foreword )
6
IS 210 : 1993
1)
Values depend on the composition of iron.
ANNEX D
( Foreword )
D-1 BASIS FOR ORDER b) Any required limits on the sulphur and
D-1.1 While placing an order for the purchase phosphorus content
of grey iron casting covered by this standard, c) Drawing or reference number of the
the purchaser should specify the following: pattern (if supplied by the purchaser),
a) Material specification; along with a copy of the drawing;
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IS 210 : 1993
ANNEX E
( Clause 17 )
E-2.2 Test bar is normally tested unmachined. Table 6 Testing Conditions and
The surface of the test bar shall be free from Accuracy of Readings
unevenness and seams which may be removed ( Clauses E-2.2, E-3.2, E-3.3 and Fig. 4 )
by careful grinding. The diameter shall be
measured at the centre of the test bar in two Nominal Distance Accuracy of Readings Pre-
directions perpendicular to one-another. The Diameter Between Load
difference between two measurements shall not d Centre of Diame- Load P, Deflec- Approx
exceed 5 percent of the normal diameter. The Supports, ter of Max tion at
Ls Bar Frac-
mean value of the two diameters shall be the
d ture
diameter do ( see E-4 ) of the test bar. For its (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
permissible variations from the nominal
mm mm mm N mm N
diameter and the accuracy of measurement of
the diameter, the values indicated in Tables 5 30 450 0.1 100 0.2 200 to
400
and 6 shall apply.
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IS 210 : 1993
9
Bureau of Indian Standards
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harmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goods and
attending to connected matters in the country.
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implementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or grade designations.
Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), BIS.