World University of Bangladesh

Course name: Pharmaceutical Engineering

Course code: PHR-603

Assignment
On
Role of Healthcare Professionals to Control Infections Disease

Submitted by
Apu Marma
Roll: 566
Reg. WUB 14/17/19/566
Department of Pharmacy

Submitted to
Khurshid Jahan
Senior Lecturer
Department of Pharmacy
World University of Bangladesh

Submitted date: 03/05/2020

 Content
1) Introduction
2) Definition of infectious disease control of infectious disease
3) How is infectious disease spread?
4) How can we prevent the spread of infectious disease?
5) Conclusion
 Introduction:
Infectious diseases are disorders that are caused by organisms, usually microscopic in size,
such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites that are passed, directly or indirectly, from one
person to another. Humans can also become infected following exposure to an infected
animal that harbors a pathogenic organism that is capable of infecting humans.

Infectious diseases are a leading cause of death worldwide, particularly in low income
countries, especially in young children.

Three infectious diseases were ranked in the top ten causes of death worldwide in 2016 by
the World Health Organization. They are lower respiratory infections (3.0 million deaths),
diarrheal diseases (1.4 million deaths), and tuberculosis (1.3 million deaths). HIV/AIDS,
which was previously on the list, has dropped from the global list of the top ten causes of
death (1.0 million deaths in 2016 compared with 1.5 million in 2000), but it is still a leading
cause of death in low income countries. Another infectious disease, malaria, accounts for a
top cause of death in low income countries.

Lower respiratory infections (including pneumonia) and diarrheal diseases are caused by a
variety of infectious agents. The other infectious diseases on the list - HIV/AIDS,
tuberculosis, and malaria - are due to a single infectious agent.

 Definition of infectious disease:

Ans. Infection diseases are disorders caused by organisms- such as bacteria, viruses, fungi or
parasites. Infection diseases can be passed from person to person.

 Definition of control of infectious disease:

Ans. Infection disease control practices are critical to reduce the transmission of infections
from one person to another, such as from a healthcare worker to a patient or vice versa.

 How is infectious disease spread?

Ans. Infectious disease spread in different ways including through:
i. Skin contact
ii. Transfer of bodily fluids
iii. Contact with faces
iv. Ingesting contaminated food or water
v. Inhaling airborne particles or droplets
vi. Touching an object that a person carrying the pathogen has also touched.

 How can we prevent the spread of infectious disease?

Ans. Preventing the spread of infectious disease:
i. Wash your hands often: This is especially important before and after preparing
food, before eating and after using the toilet.
ii. Get vaccinated: Immunization can drastically reduce your chances of contracting
many diseases. Keep your recommended vaccinations up-to-date.
iii. Use antibiotics sensibly Take antibiotics only when prescribed. Unless otherwise
directed, or unless you are allergic to them, take all prescribed doses of your
antibiotic, even if you begin to feel better before you have completed the
medication.
iv. Stay at home if you have signs and symptoms of an infection: Don't go to work
or class if you're vomiting, have diarrhea or are running a fever.
v. Be smart about food preparation: Keep counters and other kitchen surfaces
clean when preparing meals. In addition, promptly refrigerate leftovers. Don't let
cooked foods remain at room temperature for an extended period of time.
vi. Disinfect the 'hot zones' in your residence: These include the kitchen and
bathroom — two rooms that can have a high concentration of bacteria and other
infectious agents.
 vii. Practice safer sex: Use condoms. Get tested for sexually transmitted diseases
(STDs), and have your partner get tested— or, abstain altogether.
viii. Don't share personal items: Use your own toothbrush, comb or razor blade.
Avoid sharing drinking glasses or dining utensils.
ix. Travel wisely: Don't fly when ill. With so many people confined to such a small
area, may infect other passengers in the plane. And trip won't be comfortable,
either. Depending on where travels take, talk to doctor about any special
immunizations may need.

 Conclusion:
Infectious diseases are disorders that are caused by organisms, usually microscopic in
size, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites that are passed, directly or indirectly,
from one person to another. Infectious diseases are a leading cause of death worldwide.
So, have to prevent control infectious disease. The role of infectious disease control
should be complied with. If we follow the role, then we will be free from disease and will
be healthy.