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An Introduction to
Organic Compounds
Nomenclature, Physical
Properties, and
Representation of
Structure
•Chain is numbered in the direction that puts the lowest number in the name.
•Substituents are listed in alphabetical order (di- and tri- are not alphabetized).
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
When Both Have the Same Lowest Number
If there is more than one substituent, they are listed in alphabetical order.
attractive forces
van der Waals forces
dipole–dipole interactions
hydrogen bonds
The greater the surface area of the molecule, the higher the bp.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Branching Lowers the Boiling Point
THC and barbiturates have a hydrocarbon tail to facilitate crossing the barrier.
OH O
ChemDraw
1-pentanol butyl ethyl ether
NH2
Br
1-octanamine 1-bromohexane
All bond angles are 111° and all adjacent bonds are eclipsed.