Case Study No.

6-
Road and Drainage
Improvement Project
in Caloocan City
CE 428 – WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING
Submitted by: Submitted to:

MORSIQUILLO, HAZEL DR. TOMAS U. GANIRON, JR

TOLERAN, MATTHEW

VIOLETA, RYAN

YAMBAO, CHRISTIANE KATE

HISTORY OF
CALOOCAN CITY
From its beginning as a humble barrio of the
town of Tondo located in a ‘libis’ (lowland), it became
known as ‘Libis Espina’ or ‘Aromahan’.
Originating either from the Tagalog word ‘look’
meaning bay or ‘sulok’ meaning corner. Caloocan might
have meant ‘nasa sulok’ or in the corner since
Caloocan is located where the ends of the old town of
Tondo and Tambobong (now Malabon) meet.
HISTORY OF
CALOOCAN CITY
Eventually, the people of Caloocan turned the
historic town into a city through aplebiscite in 1961,
held in accordance with House Bill 6083, which was
passed and approved by both chambers of the defunct
Philippine Congress. This led to the signing of RA 3278
declaring Caloocan as a City in February 16, 1962 by
then President Diosdado Macapagal.
HISTORY OF
CALOOCAN CITY
Eventually, the people of Caloocan turned the
historic town into a city through aplebiscite in 1961,
held in accordance with House Bill 6083, which was
passed and approved by both chambers of the defunct
Philippine Congress. This led to the signing of RA 3278
declaring Caloocan as a City in February 16, 1962 by
then President Diosdado Macapagal.
CALOOCAN CITY’S
GEOGRAPHY AND LOCATION

Caloocan has a combined total land area of

5,333.40 hectares and is located at the northern part
of the National Capital Region (NCR, Region IV-A).
The city is divided into two geographic
locations, namely: South Caloocan, with an area of
1,362.50 hectares and North Caloocan, with an area
of 3,970.90 hectares.
CALOOCAN CITY’S
GEOGRAPHY AND LOCATION

Caloocan has a combined total land area of

5,333.40 hectares and is located at the northern part
of the National Capital Region (NCR, Region IV-A).
The city is divided into two geographic
locations, namely: South Caloocan, with an area of
1,362.50 hectares and North Caloocan, with an area
of 3,970.90 hectares.
GENERAL SITUATION OF
CALOOCAN CITY IN FLOODS

In Caloocan City, the cause of severe

flood problems mostly due to overflow,
excessive rainfall and inadequate channel
capacity. In some areas of the City within
higher elevation, accidents from flooding
are cause by erosion and landslides.
GENERAL SITUATION OF
CALOOCAN CITY IN FLOODS

In a study conducted under the Greater

Metro Manila Area Risk Assessment Project
(GMMA RAP) and estimated 51.76 hectares or
some 15 barangays in South Caloocan is
susceptible to high and very high flooding
GENERAL SITUATION OF
CALOOCAN CITY IN FLOODS

while in the North Caloocan 18 barangays will

suffer high flooding and 18 will experience very
high flooding with a total estimated area of
167.8 hectares. Generally, flat and low elevations
of some portions are also prone to tidal floods.
GENERAL SITUATION OF
CALOOCAN CITY IN FLOODS

Another significant cause of flooding in

Caloocan City is land development consequences.
Rapid development of urban settlements
generally, in North Caloocan City, causes the
replacement of vegetated and forested areas with
(concrete and other non-permeable) pavements.
GENERAL SITUATION OF
CALOOCAN CITY IN FLOODS

To the same extent, the notable aftermath of

urban development in the whole City, is the loss
or reduction of natural waterways due to
reclamation blockage and the conversion of some
natural streams into underground drainage.
KAMANAVA Area Flood Control
and Drainage Project

The project site is located at KAMANAVA area in

Metropolitan Manila. The following are the
major works of the KAMANAVA Area Flood
Control and Drainage Project (Data source: PMO,
DPWH).
KAMANAVA Area Flood Control
and Drainage Project

Northern Area of Malabon River

❑ Polder dike: 8.6 km
❑ Raising of river wall: 4.4 km
❑ FloodgatE. 3 gates
❑ Control gate: 1 gate
❑ Drainage pumping station: 2 sites with a total drainage capacity
of 10.5 m^3/s
KAMANAVA Area Flood Control
and Drainage Project

Southern Area of Malabon River

❑ Raising of river wall: 2.4 km
❑ Pumping drainage station: 4 sites with a total drainage capacity
of 34.5 m^3/s
❑ Drainage channel (improvement): 6 km
❑ Drainage channel (construction): 2.7 km
DRAINAGE OBJECTIVES

➢ Control and regulate dumping of solid waste on natural

surface drainages
➢ To strengthen clearing of existing drainage facilities
➢ To recover covered creeks and its easements designated
as part of water quality management area
➢ To prevent ISFs from occupying easements of waterways
DRAINAGE PROBLEMS AND
FLOODING

➢ The cause of severe flood problems mostly due to overflow,

excessive rainfall and inadequate channel capacity.
➢ In some areas of the City within higher elevation, accidents
from flooding are cause by erosion and landslides
➢ All of the areas where cases of severe flood problems gave rise
to the loss of property and some lives (on isolated cases) as
well.
DRAINAGE PROBLEMS AND
FLOODING

Major Issue: Perennial flooding along major rivers, creeks and

number of roadways
➢ Reduced capacity of natural surface drainage due to heavy volume
of dumped solid wastes and Illegal structures along natural surface
drainages and peripheral / lateral canal
➢ Deficiency in the regular maintenance of drainage facilities
➢ Need to recover portions of natural surface drainages with culverts
➢ Need to protect existing waterways from illegal encroachment
DRAINAGE PROGRAMS,
PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES

➢ Clearing of illegal structures along easements of creeks and

rivers and peripheral /lateral canals.
➢ Annual dredging of creeks and rivers through assistance of
National Agencies and Barangays
➢ Rehabilitation of existing drainage facilities and existing river
walls
➢ Reconstruction of covered portions of creeks and rivers into
open surface drainage