1.

GENERAL NOTES
1. THE STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS SHALL BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE SPECIFICATION AND ALL
OTHER PROJECT DRAWINGS. ANY DISCREPANCIES SHALL BE REFERRED TO THE DESIGN ENGINEER FOR
RESOLUTION AND OBTAIN WRITTEN INSTRUCTION BEFORE PROCEEDING.

2. THE PRESENCE, LOCATION AND DETAILS OF NIBS, UPSTANDS, RECESSES, PLINTHS, PENETRATIONS,
INSERTS, SLEEVES, CHASES, REBATES, CAST-IN FIXINGS, BRACKETS, HOLES, FLASHINGS, DAMPPROOFING
AND WATERPROOFING, ETC. ARE NOT NECESSARILY SHOWN ON THE STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS. REFER
TO OTHER PROJECT DRAWINGS FOR THESE ITEMS.

3. THE LOCATION, SIZE AND DETAILS OF ALL PENETRATIONS, RECESSES, SLEEVES, HOLES, ETC. IN
STRUCTURAL MEMBERS, MUST BE APPROVED BY THE DESIGN ENGINEER PRIOR TO CONSTRUCTION
UNLESS SHOWN ON THE STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS. THESE ITEMS SHALL BE CAST-IN, FORMED, OR SHOP
FABRICATED AND SHALL NOT BE CUT OR CORED ON SITE, UNLESS NOTED OTHERWISE OR APPROVED BY
THE DESIGN ENGINEER.

4. SUBSTITUTION FOR OR AMENDMENT OF SPECIFIED DETAILS OR MATERIALS SHALL NOT BE CARRIED

OUT WITHOUT APPROVAL BY THE DESIGN ENGINEER.

5. DEMOLISH EXISTING WORK TO THE MINIMUM EXTENT NECESSARY TO CONSTRUCT NEW WORK,
EXCEPT THAT THE EXISTING BRIDGE PIERS SHALL BE REMOVED TO GROUND LEVEL AND EXISTING
ABUTMENTS SHALL BE REMOVED TO 300mm BELOW ROAD PAVEMENT SURFACE. DEMOLITION OF
EXISTING CONCRETE TO BE DELINEATED BY STRAIGHT AND REGULAR SAWCUT LINES. MAKE GOOD ON
COMPLETION OF NEW WORK. PROVIDE TEMPORARY PROPPING / BRACING OF EXISTING AS NECESSARY.

6. ALL EXISTING WORK TO BE MADE GOOD ON COMPLETION OF STRUCTURAL WORK.

7. THE NEW BRIDGE DECK IS TO BE INSTALLED AT THE SAME LEVEL AS THE CURRENT BRIDGE, AND THAT
THE ROAD FORMATION SHALL BE CONSTRUCTED TO PROVIDE A SMOOTH TRANSITION ONTO THE
BRIDGE, WITH PAVEMENT DEPTH TO MATCH EXISTING.

8. SURFACE FINISHES SHALL BE FOLLOWS UNLESS NOTED OTHERWISE (U.N.O.)

VISIBLE SURFACE FINISHES F5

CONCEALED FORMED SURFACES F1

EXPOSED UNFORMED SURFACES U2

CONCEALED UNFORMED SURFACES U1

TOP SURFACE OF INSITU DECK SLAB U5

TOP SURFACE OF PRECAST PANELS TYPE B C.J

TOP SURFACE OF PRECAST HOLLOWCORE BEAMS U5 (BROOMED)

2. DIMENSIONS
1. VERIFY ALL DIMENSIONS WITH SERVICES AND ALL OTHER PROJECT DRAWINGS PRIOR TO
CONSTRUCTION COMMENCING. ANY DISCREPANCIES SHALL BE REFERRED TO THE DESIGN
ENGINEER FOR RESOLUTION AND OBTAIN WRITTEN INSTRUCTION BEFORE PROCEEDING.
2. DO NOT SCALE THE DRAWINGS.
3. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETRES (MM), UNLESS NOTED OTHERWISE.
4. CHECK AND VERIFY EXISTING AND SETOUT DIMENSIONS AND LEVELS ON-SITE BEFORE
COMMENCING CONSTRUCTION OR OFF-SITE FABRICATION.
5. THE STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS SHALL NOT BE USED FOR SETOUT AND ALL LEVELS AND DIMENSIONS
NOT SHOWN ON THESE DRAWINGS

3. EXISTING SERVICES
1. THE CONTRACTOR MUST CONFIRM THE LOCATION AND LEVEL OF ALL UNDERGROUND SERVICES
PRIOR TO ANY CONSTRUCTION WORKS. ANY CONFLICTS WITH THE DESIGNED WORKS MUST BE
NOTIFIED AND WRITTEN INSTRUCTION OBTAINED FROM THE DESIGN ENGINEER BEFORE
PROCEEDING.
2. ALL DRAWINGS RELATED TO EXISTING SERVICES REFLECT THE INFORMATION COLLATED FROM GIS
AND COUNCIL DATA. IT IS THE CONTRACTORS RESPONSIBILITY ON-SITE TO CHECK WHETHER THIS
INFORMATION IS CORRECT AND UP TO DATE. ANY DISCREPANCIES MUST BE NOTIFIED AND
WRITTEN INSTRUCTION OBTAINED BEFORE PROCEEDING.
3. THE CONTRACTOR MUST CONTACT ALL SERVICE PROVIDERS AND ARRANGE ANY RELOCATIONS OF
SERVICES AS PART OF THE SITE WORKS.

4. EXCAVATION AND EARTHWORKS

1. THE CONTRACTOR IS RESPONSIBLE FOR ENSURING THAT THE GEOTECHNICAL INFORMATION IS
INTERPRETED CORRECTLY. ANY DISCREPANCIES MUST BE NOTIFIED AND INSTRUCTION OBTAINED IN
WRITING BEFORE PROCEEDING.
2. IF FOR ANY REASON THE EXCAVATIONS HAVE TO VARY FROM THE DRAWINGS, THOSE AFFECTED TO
BE SOLID MEASURED AND THE QUANTITY RECORDED AND AGREED TO IN WRITING BEFORE THE
EXCAVATION PROCEEDS.
3. THE CONTRACTOR IS RESPONSIBLE FOR DETERMINING WORKING CONDITIONS AND ACCESS FOR
MACHINES, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE TIME OF THE YEAR, THE NATURE OF THE GROUND AND
SUBSOIL TO BE EXCAVATED, THE GROUND WATER TABLE AND ALL MATTERS INFLUENCING THE
CARRYING OF THE WORKS.
4. LOCATE UNDERGROUND FOUNDATIONS BEFORE WORK IS STARTED. ANY INFORMATION PROVIDED
REGARDING THE LOCATION OF THE FOUNDATIONS IS GIVEN FROM AVAILABLE RECORDS BUT WITH
NO GUARANTEE OF ACCURACY AS REGARDS TO ALIGNMENT OR DEPTH.
5. DO NOT EXCAVATE, REMOVE TOPSOIL OR STOCKPILE WITHIN THE DRIP LINE OF RETAINED TREES
UNLESS SPECIFIED DIRECTLY.
6. THE CONTRACTOR IS RESPONSBILE FOR PROVIDING SAFE WORKING CONDITIONS AND ADEQUATE
SUPPORT TO EXCAVATIONS AT ALL TIMES.
7. REPORT ANY SURVEY PEGS, BENCH MARKS, AND THE LIKE ON ANY FEATURES.
8. FOR SLABS RESTING DIRECTLY ON GROUND, THE MINIMUM NORMINAL SOIL BEARING CAPACITY OF
COMPACTED FILL SHOULD BE 128.1 kPa.

5. REINFORCED CONCRETE
5.1 CONCRETE STRENGTHS

a) ALL MATERIALS AND WORKMANSHIP SHALL BE IN ACCORDANCE WITH NZS 3109 SUBJECT TO
RELEVANT SECTIONS OF THE SPECIFICATION.

b) MINIMUM COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CONCRETE SHALL BE 30MPa AT 28 DAYS.

5.2 CONCRETE COVERS TO REINFORCEMENT

a) MINIMUM COVER TO REINFORCEMENT SHALL BE 50mm UNLESS SHOWN OTHERWISE.

b) CONCRETE CAST DIRECTLY AGAINST THE GROUND SHALL HAVE A MINIMUM COVER OF 75mm.

c) MINIMUM CONCRETE COVERS ARE GENERALLY SPECIFIED ON INDIVIDUAL DRAWINGS, WHERE NOT
SPECIFIED.

MINIMUM CONCRETE COVER SHALL BE AS FOLLOWS:

EXPOSED SITUATION MIN COVER (mm)

CAST AGAINST AND EXPOSED TO EARTH 75
CAST AGAINST DPC OR SITE CONCRETE 50
50EXPOSED TO EARTH OR WEATHER 50
NOT EXPOSED TO EARTH OR WEATHER 35

NOTES:

a) TOLERANCES ON COVERS SHALL BE:

FOR 20mm BAR DIAMETER & UNDER = +10 -0

FOR BAR DIAMETER LARGER THAN 20mm = +15, -0

b) THE CONSTRUCTOR'S ATTENTION IS DRAWN TO THE ZERO TOLERANCE SPECIFIED FOR COVERS. IT IS
RECOMMENDED THAT ALL REINFORCEDMENT IS BENT, FABRICATED AND SUPPORTED TO PROVIDE A
+5mm TOLERANCE OVER AND ABOVE THE SPECIFIED MINIMUM COVERS TO ENSURE COMPLIANCE
WITH SPECIFIED MINIMUM COVER.

c) SLUMP TEST - SLUMP TO BE 80mm (+/- 20mm).

5.3 PLACING AND SPACING OF REINFORCEMENT - GENERAL

a) ALL STEEL REINFORCEMENT SHALL BE GRADE 500E REINFORCEMENT AND SHALL COMPLY WITH
AS/NZS 4671 AND BE MANUFACTURED USING THE MICRO ALLOY PROCESS. QUENCH AND TEMPERED
STEEL SHALL NOT BE USED ON THIS PROJECT.

b) STARTER BARS TO BE FIXED INTO EXISTING WORK WITH A PROPRIETARY EPOXY GROUT TO
SPECIFICATION.

c) REFER TO STRUCTURAL STANDARD DETAIL DRAWINGS FOR COMMON CONSTRUCTION DETAILS,

REQUIREMENTS, NOTES, INTERPRETATIVE INFORMATION ETC.

d) SPLICING OF REINFORCEMENT, WHETHER BY LAPPING, WELDING OR MECHANICAL SPLICE, SHALL

ONLY BE CARRIED OUT AS SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS OR AS SPECIFICALLY APPROVED BY THE DESIGN
ENGINEER, EXCEPT AS NOTED BELOW:

WELDED WIRE MESH SHALL BE SPLICED AS REQUIRED, BUT NOT THROUGH SLAB JOINTS
REINFORCEMENT IN SLABS ON GRADE AND IN TOPPINGS SHALL BE SPLICED AS REQUIRED, BUT NOT
THROUGH SLAB JOINTS.

e) LAYERS OF BEAM REINFORCEMENT SHALL BE SEPARATED WITH R32 BARS AT 1500mm CENTRES. ALL
HOOKS ON STIRRUPS & TIES MUST FIT CLOSELY AROUND MAIN BARS U.N.O. FIRST STIRRUP TO BE
PLACED NOT FURTHER THAN THE LESSER OF HALF THE STIRRUP SPACING OR 50mm FROM SUPPORT
FACE.

5.4 LAP SPLICES IN REINFORCEMENT

a) WELDED WIRE MESH MADE UP OF SMOOTH WIRES SHALL BE LAP SPLICED WITH A MINIMUM
200mm OVERLAP BETWEEN OUTERMOST CROSS WIRES THUS:

b) WELDED MESH MADE UP OF DEFORMED BARS SHALL BE LAP SPLICED.

c) LAP LENGTHS FOR DEFORMED BARS WHERE NOT SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS SHALL BE AS SHOWN
IN THE FOLLOWING TABLES WHERE SPACINGS OF ADJACENT BARS ARE EQUAL TO OR GREATER THAN
2.5 db.

d) LAP LENGTHS FOR PLAIN ROUND BARS SHALL BE TWICE THOSE SHOWN IN THE FOLLOWING TABLES.

e) ALL BEAM AND COLUMN MAIN REINFORCEMENT LAP SPLICES SHALL HAVE CRANKED LAPS U.N.O.
f) CRANKED LAPS SHALL BE THUS:

g) LAP LENGTHS ARE IN ACCORDANCE WITH NZS 3101.

BAR SIZE (mm) Ldb (mm)

HD 16 950 (TOP LAYER)
HD 16 640 (BOTTOM LAYER)

1. THIS TABLE IS FOR DEFORMED BARS ONLY.

2. THIS TABLE IS BASED ON 30 MPa CONCRETE WITH ALPHA= 1.3, ALPHA = 1.0, ALPHA = 1.0 AND = 1.0

3. WHERE THERE IS LESS THAN 300mm OF FRESH CONCRETE BENEATH THE BARS THE ABOVE LAP
LENGTHS MAY BE REDUCED BY 1.3.

5.5 BENDING OF REINFORCEMENT

a) BENDS FOR ALL BARS EXCEPT STIRRUPS AND TIES

STEEL GRADE BAR MINIMUM BEND

DIAMETER DIAMETER
GRADE 300 6 TO 20 5 BAR DIAMETERS
GRADE 500 FOR CONCRETE STRENGTH EQUAL TO OR 25 TO 40 6 BARS DIAMETERS
MORE THAN 40 MPa
GRADE 500 FOR CONCRETE STRENGTH LESS THAN 40 6 TO 20 8 BARS DIAMETERS
MPa 25 TO 40 10 BARS DIAMETERS
b) BENDS FOR STIRRUPS AND TIES

STEEL GRADE BAR DIAMETER PLAIN BARS MINIMUM BAR DIAMETERS

GRADE 300/500 6 TO 20 2 BAR DIAMTERS 4 BAR DIAMETERS
GRADE 300/500 25 TO 32 3 BAR DIAMTERS 6 BARS DIAMETERS

c) BARS PARTIALLY EMBEDDED IN CONCRETE SHALL NOT BE SITE BENT & BARS SHALL NOT BE RE-BENT
UNLESS SHOWN ON THE DRAWINGS OR SPECIFICALLY APPROVED BY THE DESIGN ENGINEER.

d) THE ABOVE BEND DIAMETERS DO NOT APPLY TO GALVANISED REINFORCEMENT

5.6 REINFORCEMENT ANCHORAGE WITH STANDARD HOOK

a) DEVELOPMENT LENGTH PAST CRITICAL SECTION (SHOWN CS ON DRAWING) FOR DEFORMED BARS
SHALL BE AS PER TABLE BELOW.

b) DEVELOPMENT LENGTH FOR PLAIN ROUND BARS SHALL BE TWICE THOSE SHOWN IN THE
FOLLOWING TABLE:

NOTES:

SIDE COVER FACTOR = 0.7 FOR SIDE COVER EQUAL TO OR GREAT THAN 60mm,
WITH HOOK COVER NOT LESS THAN 40mm

SIDE COVER FACTOR = 1.0 IN ALL OTHER SITUATIONS

5.7 ANCHORAGE BY REIDBAR FLANGE NUTS

WHEN A FLANGE NUT IS REQUIRED TO DEVELOP FULL BREAKING STRENGTH OF BAR, TORQUE BY
ROTATION BEYOND HAND TIGHT SHALL BE AS GIVEN IN THE TABLE SHOWN BELOW:

5.8 WELDING OF REINFORCEMENT

a) WELDING OF REINFORCEMENT SHALL ONLY BE CARRIED OUT WITH THE EXPRESS APPROVAL OF THE
DESIGN ENGINEER.

b) WELDING SHALL COMPLY WITH PACIFIC STEEL LIMITED PRODUCT TECHNICAL DATA 'PACIFIC STEEL
SEIMIC REINFORCING BAR WELDING AND BENDING PROCEDURE AND AS/NZS 1554.3 WELDING OF
REINFORCING STEEL.

c) WELDED SPLICES SHALL BE CLASS SP.

d) WELDING ELECTRODES SHALL BE TO AS/NZS 1554.3.

e) QUENCHED AND TEMPERED BARS SHALL NOT BE WELDED.

f) WELDED SPLICES MAY BE EITHER GRADE 300 E OR GRADE 500 E.

6. STRUCTURAL STEEL NOTES

6.1 MATERIALS

a) ALL STEEL MEMBERS SHALL CONFORM TO AS/NZS 3678, AS/NZS 3679.1 OR EQUIVALENT. FOR STEEL
GRADES, REFER DETAIL DRAWINGS.

b) ALL GUSSET PLATES, CLEATS & STIFFENERS SHALL BE 10mm THICK U.N.O., AND GRADE 250 STEEL TO
AS1204 OR EQUIVALENT U.N.O.

6.2 FABRICATION SHALL COMPLY WITH NZS 3404, (AS MODIFIED BELOW)

a) STRAIGHTNESS OF MEMBERS AFTER FABRICATION AND BEFORE ERECTION U.N.O. SHALL NOT
DEVIATE MORE THAN:

STRUTS, COLUMNS = L/100

OTHER MEMBERS = L/600

b) LENGTH SHALL NOT DEVIATE FROM THE TRUE LENGTH BY:

STRUTS WITH END BEARING =+ 1mm

OTHER MEMBERS UP TO L = 9.0m = + 0 mm, - 3 mm

OTHER MEMBERS OVER L = 9.0m = + 0 mm, - 5 mm

c) PLUMBNESS OF STRUTS/COLUMNS SHALL BE WITHIN L/1000 OF TRUE VERTICAL.

6.3 BOLTING

a) ALL HOLES SHALL BE DRILLED AND SHALL BE 2mm LARGER THAN THE BOLT DIAMETER FOR BOLTS
UNDER 30mm DIA. AND 3mm LARGER FOR M30 BOLTS AND LARGER U.N.O. HOLES IN BASEPLATES
MAY BE 6mm LARGER THAN THE BOLT DIAMETER U.N.O.

b) ALL BOLTS SHALL HAVE AT LEAST ONE THREAD PROJECTING THROUGH BOTH SIDES OF NUT.

c) ALL BOLTS SHALL BE M20-8.8/S U.N.O.

d) ALL BOLTS, NUTS & WASHERS (EXCEPT VSL STRESS-BARS) SHALL BE HOT-DIP GALVANISED BY THE
MANUFACTURER TO CONFORM TO AS 1214.

e) TIGHTENING PROCEDURE SHALL COMPLY WITH AS 1511 BOLTING ABBREVIATIONS ARE TO AS 1511.

6.4 BENDING OF FLAT OR PLATE

a) BENT FLAT OR PLATE SHALL BE BENT AROUND A ROUND FORMER OF MINIMUM RADIUS OF 2.5 x
PLATE OR FLAT THICKNESS.

6.5 WELDING SHALL COMPLY WITH AS/NZS 1554

a) ALL WELDS SHALL BE 5mm CONTINUOUS FILLET UNO. REFERENCE AS/NZS 1554.1.

b) WELDING ELECTRODES SHALL BE E48XX TO AS/NZS 1553 UNO.

c) FOR WORK EXPOSED TO THE WEATHER, SEAL WELDS SHALL BE MADE WHETHER SHOWN ON THE
DRAWINGS OR NOT, UNLESS SPECIFICALLY NOT REQUIRED.

6.6 CORROSION PROTECTION

a) ALL STEELWORK TO BE HOT-DIP GALVANISED TO HDG600 IN ACCORDANCE WITH AS/NZS 2312

UNLESS NOTED OTHERWISE ON THE DRAWINGS.

7.1 DESIGN STANDARDS

THE FOLLOWING STANDARDS (AND MANUAL) HAVE BEEN USED IN THE DESIGN OF THE BRIDGE
REMEDIAL WORKS.

 AS/NZS1170.0 : 2002 STRUCTURAL DESIGN ACTIONS GENERAL PRINCIPLES

 NZS1170.5 EARTHQUAKE ACTIONS - NEW ZEALAND
 NZS3101 : 2006 CONCRETE STRUCTURES STANDARD
 NZS3404 : 1997 STEEL STRUCTURES STANDARD NEW ZEALAND TRANSPORT AGENCY BRIDGE
MANUAL THIRD EDITION
8. MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
8.1 CONCRETE

REFER TO DRAWING 100 FOR THE MINIMUM COMPRESSIVE STRENGTHS OF CONCRETE USED IN DESIGN.

8.2 REINFORCEMENT STEEL

THE FOLLOWING MINIMUM YIELD STRENGTH OF REINFORCING BARS USED IN DESIGN ARE AS
FOLLOWS:

 DEFORMED BAR DESIGNATED 'DH' SHALL BE GRADE 500E fy = 500MPa

 DEFORMED REIDBAR (INCLUDING NUTS, FLANGE NUTS AND COUPLERS)
 DESIGNATED 'RB' SHALL BE GRADE 500E fy = 500MPa.
 PLAIN ROUND BAR DESIGNATED 'RH' SHALL BE GRADE 500E fy = 500MPa

8.3 STRUCTURAL STEEL

THE YIELD STRENGTH USED FOR THE DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL STEEL ELEMENTS WAS AS FOLLOWS:

HOT ROLLED PLATES 250 MPa

HOT ROLLED STRUCTURAL SECTIONS (UC, UB, PFC) 300 MPa

STRUCTURAL STEEL HOLLOW SECTIONS (RHS, SHS, CHS) 350 MPa

PILE PERMANENT CASING 250 MPa

8.4 WELDING CONSUMABLES

E48XX ELECTRODES SHALL BE SPECIFIED FOR ALL WELDS.

 OPTION 1: GENERAL ARRANGEMENT OF SLAB RESTING ON GROUND
530 HD 32- 160
HD 16-145

HD 16-200
1200

HD 32-160
1300

OPTION 2: GENERAL ARRANGEMENT OF SLAB RESTING ON ABUTMENT

 MAINTAIN COVER OF 75MM
34 HD 16 - 150 T & B ON ALL SIDES
ANGLE OF BEND IS 45

A A

5000
47 HD 16 - 150
T&B

7000

PLAN

HD 16 -150 SPLICING LENGTH = 950

500

875 SPLICING LENGTH=670

100

SECTION A-A