List of HVDC projects

The following is a list of notable high voltage direct current power transmission projects.

Contents
 1 Realized HVDC systems
o 1.1 Systems that use (or used) mercury arc rectifiers
o 1.2 Systems that used thyristors from first power-on

1.3 Systems that used IGBTs from first power-on

Realized HVDC systems

Systems that use (or used) mercury arc rectifiers

Length
Length
Converter of Transmission
Name Converter Station 2 of Voltage Inauguration Remarks
Station 1 overhead power
Cable
line
Elbe- Dessau, Berlin-Marienfelde, +-
100 km - 60 MW 1945 never placed in service, dismantled
Project Germany Germany 200kV
Moscow- Moscow, built of parts of HVDC Elbe-Project, shut
Kashira, Russia 100 km - 200 kV 30 MW 1951
Kashira Russia down (when?)
Västervik,
Gotland 1 Ygne, Sweden 98 km - 200 kV 20 MW 1954 shut down in February 1986
Sweden
HVDC
Echingen, +-
Cross- Lydd, UK 64 km - 160 MW 1961 shut down in 1984
France 100kV
Channel
 Length
Length
Converter of Transmission
Name Converter Station 2 of Voltage Inauguration Remarks
Station 1 overhead power
Cable
line
Vester
Konti-Skan replaced in August 2006 by modern
Hassing, Stenkullen, Sweden 87 km 89 km 250 kV 250 MW 1964
1 converters using thyristors
Denmark
HVDC
Volzhskaya, +-
Volgograd- Mikhailovskaya, Russia - 475 km 750 MW 1964  
Russia 400kV
Donbass
upgraded in 1991. Pole 1 of this system still
Benmore
HVDC +270kV uses mercury arc rectifiers, one of the last
Dam, New Haywards, New Zealand 40 km 570 km 1200 MW 1965
Inter-Island -350kV such systems in the world to continue with
Zealand
this technology. Pole 2 is thyristor bridge.
HVDC
back-to-
Sakuma, +- replaced in 1993 by new converter using
back Sakuma, Japan - - 300 MW 1965
Japan 125kV light-triggered thyristors
station
Sakuma
Suvereto, Lucciana, Corse; replaced in 1986 by thyristors, multiterminal
SACOI 1 304 km 118 km 200 kV 200 MW 1965
Italia Codrongianos, Sardinia scheme
HVDC Delta,
North Cowichan, British
Vancouver British 42 km 33 km 260 kV 312 MW 1968  
Columbia
Island 1 Columbia
transmission voltage until 1984 +-400kV,
maximum transmission power until 1982
Pacific DC Celilo, +-
Sylmar, California - 1,362 km 3100 MW 1970 1440 MW, from 1982 to 1984 1600 MW,
Intertie Oregon 500kV
from 1984 to 1989 2000 MW, mercury arc
rectifiers replaced in 2004 by photothyristors
 Length
Length
Converter of Transmission
Name Converter Station 2 of Voltage Inauguration Remarks
Station 1 overhead power
Cable
line
Nelson Used the largest mercury arc rectifiers ever
Gillam, +-
River Rosser, Manitoba - 895 km 1620 MW 1971 built. Poles converted to thyristors in 1993,
Canada 450kV
Bipole 1 2004.
HVDC Kingsnorth, London-Beddington, UK; +-
85 km - 640 MW 1975 shut down in the 1980s
Kingsnorth UK London-Willesden, UK 266kV

Systems that used thyristors from first power-on

Length
Length
Converter of Transmission
Name Converter Station 2 of Voltage Inauguration Remarks
Station 1 overhead power
Cable
line
HVDC back-to-back New Brunswick, New Brunswick,
- - 80 kV 320 MW 1972  
station Eel River Canada Canada
+-
Cross-Skagerak 1 + 2 Tjele, Denmark Kristiansand, Norway 130 km 100 km 500 MW 1977  
250kV
HVDC Vancouver Delta, British North Cowichan,
33 km 42 km 280 kV 370 MW 1977  
Island 2 Columbia British Columbia
Center, North +-
Square Butte Arrowhead, Minnesota - 749 km 500 MW 1977  
Dakota 250kV
HVDC back-to-back Shin Shinano, +-
Shin Shinano, Japan - - 600 MW 1977  
station Shin Shinano Japan 125kV
Coal Creek, +-400
CU Dickinson, Minnesota - 710 km 1000 MW 1979  
North Dakota kV
 Length
Length
Converter of Transmission
Name Converter Station 2 of Voltage Inauguration Remarks
Station 1 overhead power
Cable
line
HVDC Hokkaido-
Hakodate, Japan Kamikita, Japan 44 km 149 km 250 kV 300 MW 1979  
Honshu
Cahora Bassa Songo, +-
Apollo, South Africa - 1420 km 1920 MW 1979  
(HVDC) Mozambique 533kV
+-
Inga-Shaba Kolwezi, Zaire Inga, Zaire - 1700 km 560 MW 1982  
500kV
HVDC back-to-back
Acaray, Paraguay Acaray, Paraguay - - 25,6 kV 50 MW 1981  
station Acaray
HVDC back-to-back +-85
Vyborg, Russia Vyborg, Russia - - 1065 MW 1982  
station Vyborg kV
HVDC back-to-back
Dürnrohr, Austria Dürnrohr, Austria - - 145 kV 550 MW 1983 shut down in October 1996
station Dürnrohr
Västervik, 92.9
HVDC Gotland 2 Yigne, Sweden 6.6 km 150 kV 130 MW 1983  
Sweden km
HVDC back-to-back
Artesia, New
station Artesia, New Artesia, New Mexico - - 82 kV 200 MW 1983  
Mexico
Mexico
HVDC back-to-back Châteauguay — Châteauguay — Saint-
- - 140 kV 1000 MW 1984  
station Chateauguay Saint-Constant Constant
Foz do Iguaçu, +-600
HVDC Itaipu 1 São Roque, São Paulo - 785 km 3150 MW 1984  
Paraná kV
Foz do Iguaçu, +-600
HVDC Itaipu 2 São Roque, São Paulo - 805 km 3150 MW 1984  
Paraná kV
 Length
Length
Converter of Transmission
Name Converter Station 2 of Voltage Inauguration Remarks
Station 1 overhead power
Cable
line
HVDC back-to-back
Oklaunion Oklaunion - - 82 kV 200 MW 1984  
station Oklaunion
HVDC back-to-back
Blackwater, New Blackwater, New
station Blackwater, - - 57 kV 200 MW 1984  
Mexico Mexico
New Mexico
HVDC back-to-back
Highgate,
station Highgate, Highgate, Vermont - - 56 kV 200 MW 1985  
Vermont
Vermont
HVDC back-to-back
station Madawaska, Degelis Degelis - - 140 kV 350 MW 1985  
Quebec
HVDC back-to-back +-82
Miles City Miles City - - 200 MW 1985  
station Miles City kV
Nelson River Bipole Sundance, +-500
Rosser, Canada - 937 km 1800 MW 1985  
2 Canada kV
HVDC Cross- Les Mandarins, +-270
Sellindge, UK 72 km - 2000 MW 1986 2 bipolar systems
Channel (new) France kV
HVDC back-to-back +-8.33
Broken Hill Broken Hill - - 40 MW 1986  
station Broken Hill kV
Intermountain, +-500
Intermountain Adelanto, California - 785 km 1920 MW 1986  
Utah kV
HVDC back-to-back Uruguaiana, +-17.9
Uruguaiana, Brazil - - 53.9 MW 1986  
station Uruguaiana Brazil kV
 Length
Length
Converter of Transmission
Name Converter Station 2 of Voltage Inauguration Remarks
Station 1 overhead power
Cable
line
Västervik,
HVDC Gotland 3 Yigne, Sweden 98 km - 150 kV 130 MW 1987  
Sweden
HVDC back-to-back
station Virginia Sidney, Nebraska Sidney, Nebraska - - 55.5 kV 200 MW 1988  
Smith
Vester Hassing,
Konti-Skan 2 Stenkullen, Sweden 87 km 60 km 285 kV 300 MW 1988  
Denmark
HVDC back-to-back
Mc Neill, Canada Mc Neill, Canada - - 42 kV 150 MW 1989  
station Mc Neill
HVDC back-to-back Vindhyachal,
Vindhyachal, India - - 176 kV 500 MW 1989  
station Vindhyachal India
HVDC Sileru- +-200
Sileru, India Barsoor, India - 196 km 400 MW 1989  
Barsoor kV
Dannebo,
Fenno-Skan Rauma, Finland 200 km 33 km 400 kV 500 MW 1989  
Sweden
HVDC Gezhouba - +-500
Gezhouba, China Nan Qiao, China - 1046 km 1200 MW 1989  
Shanghai kV
Nicolet, Quebec; Des - 1100 km 2000 MW 1991 multiterminal scheme
Quebec - New Cantons, Quebec;
Radisson, +-450
England Comerford, New
Quebec kV
Transmission Hampshire; James
Bay, Massachusetts
+-500
HVDC Rihand-Delhi Rihand, India Dadri, India - 814 km 1500 MW 1992  
kV
 Length
Length
Converter of Transmission
Name Converter Station 2 of Voltage Inauguration Remarks
Station 1 overhead power
Cable
line
Lucciana, France;
SACOI 2 Suvereto, Italia 118 km 304 km 200 kV 300 MW 1992 multiterminal scheme
Codrongianos, Italy
Benmore Dam, Haywards, New
HVDC Inter-Island 2 40 km 570 km 350 kV 640 MW 1992  
New Zealand Zealand
Cross-Skagerak 3 Tjele, Denmark Kristiansand, Norway 130 km 100 km 350 kV 500 MW 1993  
Lübeck-
Baltic-Cable Herrenwyk, Kruseberg, Sweden 250 km 12 km 450 kV 600 MW 1993  
Germany
HVDC back-to-back Etzenricht,
Etzenricht, Germany - - 160 kV 600 MW 1993 shut down in October 1995
station Etzenricht Germany
HVDC back-to-back
station Vienna- Vienna, Austria Vienna, Austria - - 142 kV 600 MW 1993 shut down in October 1996
Southeast
HVDC Haenam- Haenam, South
Jeju, South Korea 101 km - 180 kV 300 MW 1996  
Cheju Korea
Bentwisch,
Kontek Bjaeverskov, Denmark 170 km - 400 kV 600 MW 1996  
Germany
HVDC back-to-back Welch-
Welch-Monticello,
station Welch- Monticello, - - 162 kV 600 MW 1998  
Texas
Monticello Texas
HVDC Leyte - Luzon Ormoc, Leyte Naga, Camarines Sur 21 km 430 km 350 kV 440 MW 1998  
HVDC Visby-Nas Nas, Sweden Visby, Sweden 70 km - 80 kV 50 MW 1999  
SwePol Stärnö, Sweden Slupsk, Poland 245 km - 450 kV 600 MW 2000  
 Length
Length
Converter of Transmission
Name Converter Station 2 of Voltage Inauguration Remarks
Station 1 overhead power
Cable
line
HVDC Italy-Greece Galatina, Italy Arachthos, Greece 200 km 110 km 400 kV 500 MW 2001  
Kii Channel HVDC +-500
Anan, Japan Kihoku, Japan 50 km 50 km 1400 MW 2000  
system kV
Auchencrosh, 63.5
HVDC Moyle Ballycronan More, UK - 250 kV 250 MW 2001  
UK km
HVDC Thailand- Khlong Ngae,
Gurun, Malaysia - 110 km 300 kV 300 MW 2002  
Malaysia Thailand
HVDC back-to-back
Minami- Minami-Fukumitsu,
station Minami- - - 125 kV 300 MW 1999  
Fukumitsu, Japan Japan
Fukumitsu
HVDC Three Gorges- +-500
Longquan, China Zhengping, China - 890 km 3000 MW 2003  
Changzhou kV
HVDC Three Gorges- +-500
Jingzhou, China Huizhou, China - 940 km 3000 MW 2003  
Guangdong kV
Loy Yang, George Town, 298.3
Basslink 71.8 km 400 kV 600 MW 2005  
Australia Australia km
Vizag II Gazuwaka, India Gazuwaka, India 0 km 0 km 176 kV 500 MW 2005  
HVDC back-to-back Sharyland, Texas, Sharyland, Texas, +-21
0 km 0 km 150 MW 2007  
station Sharyland USA USA kV
Imera Power HVDC
+-400
Wales-Ireland, East Leinster, Ireland Anglesea, Wales 130 km - 500 MW 2008  
kV
West Interconnector
SAPEI Latina, Italy Fiume Santo, Sardinia 435 km - +-500 1000 MW 2008/9  
 Length
Length
Converter of Transmission
Name Converter Station 2 of Voltage Inauguration Remarks
Station 1 overhead power
Cable
line
kV
Eemshaven, +-450
NorNed Feda, Norway 580 km - 700 MW 2008  
Netherlands kV
HVDC back-to-back
Visakhapatnam,
station at Visakhapatnam, India - -  
India
Visakhapatnam
Talcher, Orissa, Kolar, Karnataka, +-500
East South-II - 1450 km 2000MW 2002  
India India kV

Systems that used IGBTs from first power-on

Length
Length
Converter of Transmission
Name Converter Station 1 of Voltage Inauguration Remarks
Station 2 overhead power
Cable
line
HVDC
Graengesberg,
Hellsjön- Hellsjoen, Sweden - 10 km 180 kV 3 MW 1997 experimental HVDC
Sweden
Grängesberg
HVDC Tjæreborg, interconnection to wind power
Tjæreborg, Denmark 4.3 km - +-9 kV 7,2 MW 2000
Tjæreborg Denmark generating stations
HVDC-back-
to-back Eagle Pass, Texas, Eagle Pass, +-15.9
- - 36 MW 2000  
station Eagle USA Texas, USA kV
Pass, Texas
 Length
Length
Converter of Transmission
Name Converter Station 1 of Voltage Inauguration Remarks
Station 2 overhead power
Cable
line
Mullumbimby, Bungalora,
Directlink 59 km - +-80 kV 180 MW 2000 land cable
Australia Australia
Cross Sound New Haven, Shoreham,
40 km - +-150 kV 330 MW 2002 buried underwater cable
Cable Connecticut Long Island
Red Cliffs,
Murraylink Berri, Australia 177 km - +-150 kV 220 MW 2002 land cable
Australia
Offshore
power supply for offshore gas
HVDC Troll Kollsnes, Norway platform Troll 70 km - +-60 kV 84 MW 2005
compressor
A
Harku,
Estlink Espoo, Finland 105 km - +-150kV 350 MW 2006  
Estonia
Valhall,
HVDC
Lista, Norway Offshore 292 km - 150 kV 78 MW 2009  
Valhall
platform