INTERACTIVE SCHEMATIC

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ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS BASIC HYDRAULIC

HOTKEYS (Keyboard Shortcuts) COMPONENT SYMBOLS
T

Pressure Temperature Level Flow

Pump

FUNCTION KEYS
Switch Switch Switch Switch Circuit Breaker
or Motor Variability

Click here to view the

Zoom In “CTRL” / “+” Schematic Symbols
Fluid
Conditioner
Spring
(Adjustable)

Zoom Out “CTRL” / “-” and Definitions page

Fit to Page “CTRL” / “0” (zero)

Hand Tool “SPACEBAR” (hold down)
Find “CTRL” / “F”
SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS AND DEFINITIONS

VALVES INTERNAL PASSAGEWAYS PUMPS BASIC HYDRAULIC

ENVELOPES FLOW IN ONE
DIRECTION
FLOW ALLOWED IN
EITHER DIRECTION
PARALLEL
FLOW
CROSS
FLOW
FIXED DISPLACEMENT
COMPONENT SYMBOLS

One Position Two Position Three Position Unidirectional Bidirectional Pump

Infinite Two Three Variability
Positioning Position Position or Motor
PORTS VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT
NON- COMPENSATED

CYLINDERS Fluid Spring

(Adjustable)
Two-way Three-Way Four-Way Conditioner
Unidirectional Bidirectional
CONTROL
AB AB
Single Acting Double Acting
MOTORS Pressure
FIXED DISPLACEMENT Spring
P T P T Compensation
Normal Position Shifted Position Infinite Position

CHECK
Control
ACCUMULATORS Unidirectional Bidirectional
Valves
Line Restriction
(Variable)
VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT
Basic Spring Shuttle NON- COMPENSATED
Pilot
Symbol Loaded Line Restriction
Controlled Spring Loaded Gas Charged Restriction
(Fixed)

Unidirectional Bidirectional

MAIN AUX.
Line Restriction
PILOT CONTROL 2-Section
RELEASED PRESSURE ROTATING SHAFTS Variable and Pressure
Compensated
Pump

Unidirectional Bidirectional
External Return Internal Return
Attachment Pump: Variable and
REMOTE SUPPLY PRESSURE Pressure Compensated

Internal Hydraulic Pneumatic

Simplified Complete Supply Pressure Energy Triangles

COMBINATION CONTROLS
LINES MEASUREMENT

Solenoid Solenoid Solenoid Solenoid and Servo Thermal Detent Crossing Joining
or Manual and Pilot Pilot or Manual Pressure Temperature Flow

MANUAL CONTROL FLUID STORAGE RESERVOIRS

Push-pull Lever Manual Shutoff General Manual Push Button Pedal Spring Vented Pressurized Return Above Fluid Level Return Below Fluid Level

HYDRAULIC SYMBOLS - ELECTRICAL ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS

G
M T

Pressure Temperature Level Flow

Transducer Transducer Generator Electric Pressure Pressure Switch Temperature Electrical
Switch Switch Switch Switch Circuit Breaker
(Fluid) (Gas / Air) Motor Switch (Adjustable) Switch Wire

BASIC ELECTRICAL COMPONENT SYMBOLS HARNESS AND WIRE SYMBOLS

Wire, Cable, or Harness Assembly Identification:
Fuse: A component in an electrical circuit that will open the circuit if too much current flows through it. Includes Harness Identification Letters and Harness
Connector Serialization Codes (see sample).
Switch (Normally Open): A switch that will close at a specified point (temp, press, etc.). The circle indicates
that the component has screw terminals and a wire can be disconnected from it.
AG-C4 L-C12
Switch (Normally Closed): A switch that will open at a specified point (temp, press, etc.). 111-7898 3E-5179
No circle indicates that the wire cannot be disconnected from the component. Part Number: for 1
Connector Plug
Ground (Wired): This indicates that the component is connected to a grounded wire. 2
The grounded wire is fastened to the machine.
Plug Receptacle
Pin or Socket Number
Ground (Case): This indicates that the component does not have a wire connected to ground.
It is grounded by being fastened to the machine. Harness Identification Letter(s): (A, B, C, AA, AB, AC, ...)

Reed Switch: A switch whose contacts are controlled by a magnet. A magnet closes the contacts of Harness Connector Serialization Code: The "C" stands for
"Connector" and the number indicates which connector in the
a normally open reed switch; it opens the contacts of a normally closed reed switch.
harness (C1, C2, C3, ...)
L-C12
Sender: A component that is used with a temperature or pressure gauge. 3E-5179
The sender measures the temperature or pressure.
T Its resistance changes to give an indication to the gauge of the temperature or pressure. 5A
Component
Relay (Magnetic Switch): A relay is an electrical component that is activated by electricity. Fuse (5 Amps) 9X-1123 Part Number
It has a coil that makes an electromagnet when current flows through it.
The electromagnet can open or close the switch part of the relay. 325-AG135 PK-14
Harness identification code:
This example indicates wire group 325, Wire Gauge
Solenoid: A solenoid is an electrical component that is activated by electricity. wire 135 in harness "AG". Wire Color
It has a coil that makes an electromagnet when current flows through it.
The electromagnet can open or close a valve or move a piece of metal that can do work. 1 Deutsch connector: Typical representation
of a Deutsch connector. The plug contains all
2 sockets and the receptacle contains all pins.
Magnetic Latch Solenoid: An electrical component that is activated by electricity and held latched by a
permanent magnet. It has two coils (latch and unlatch) that make electromagnet 1 Sure-Seal connector: Typical representation
when current flows through them. It also has an internal switch that places of a Sure-Seal connector. The plug and receptacle
2 contain both pins and sockets.
the latch coil circuit open at the time the coil latches.
 UENR2370
November 2012

450F Backhoe Loader

Hydraulic System
HJR1-UP

Center Pivot

© 2012 Caterpillar, All Rights Reserved Printed in U.S.A.

COMPONENT TABLE

COMPONENT LIST (PILOT)

Part Machine Schematic
Description Number Location Location
PUMP GP. (Primary) 269-9336 1 B-4
PUMP GP. (Secondary) 280-7873 2 B-3
HYDRAULIC TANK 272-0008 3 A-3
TANK GROUP 245-0169 4 A-3
COOLER N/A 5 A-3
FILTER 359-7232 6 B-2
HMU 270-1590 7 A-5
STEER CYLNDER 238-5285 8 A-6
LIFT CYLNDER 375-0717 9 C-8
TILT CYLNDER 375-0716 10 B-8
MP BUCKET CYLNDER (OPT) 226-5540 11 B-8
Left Hand 375-0721 12A F-3
STABILIZER CYLINDERS
Right Hand 375-0722 12B F-7
BOOM CYLINDER 375-0723 13 F-6
STICK CYLNDER 375-0718 14 F-5
SWING CYLNDER 297-4896 15 F-5
BUCKET CYLNDER 375-0719 16 F-4
E-STICK CYLNDER (OPT). 375-0720 17 F-4
VALVE GROUP ( 2-BANK)
PILOT - LEVER W/DTNT & SWTCH 359-7248 18 C-5
PILOT 267-2758 19 C-4
MANIFOLD - PILOT 268-0094 20 C-6
VALVE GP - CUSHION RELIEF 283-6331 21 F-4
ACCUMULATOR 226-0420 22 E-7
RIDE CNTRL VALVE (OPT) 245-8780 23 D-8
RIDE CNTRL ACCMLTR (OPT) 345-3672 24 D-8
RIDE CNTR PRES. SWTCH (OPT) 304-5696 25 D-8
TEMP. SENSOR 246-4297 26 B-3
DIFF. PRES. SWITCH 134-0404 27 B-3

LOADER VALVE (ST)

2 BANK 271-0512 28 A-7, C-7
3 BANK 271-0513 28 A-7, C-7
INLET SECTION 343-7137 28A C-7
LIFT SECTION 271-0521 28B C-7
2 BANK 271-0522
TILT SECTION 28C B-7
3 BANK 271-0522
AUX SECTION 271-0523 28D B-7
OUTLET MANIFOLD 269-1079 28E 28E
BACKHOE VALVE
7 BANK 271-0527 29 F-7, F-2
8 BANK 271-0528 29 F-7, F-2
INLET SECTION 341-4726 29A E-7
Left Hand 271-0541 29B E-3
STABILIZER SECTION
Right Hand 271-0541 29B E-7
AUX SECTION 271-0547 29C E-6
BOOM SECTION 271-0542 29D E-6
STICK SECTION 341-8185 29E E-5
SWING SECTION 271-0544 29F E-5
BUCKET SECTION 271-0545 29G E-4
E-STICK SECTION 271-0546 29H E-3
OUTLET MANIFOLD 271-0539 29J E-2
PATTERN SWITCHING VALVE 299-9072 29K E-5
VALVE GP - RELIEF 260-3022 30 E-2
PRESSURE REUDCING VALVE 300-0430 31 E-7
TAP TABLE

TAP LOCATIONS
Tap Description
T1 Pump Discharge
T2 Load Sense
T3 Pilot Pressure
SOS Oil Sampling
 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
(21) Valve Gp - Cushion Relief: 283-6331
(15) Swing Cylinders: 297-4896 BOOSTED BRAKES (REF)
(16) Bucket Cylinder: 375-0719
TO REAR AXLE
LEFT WHEEL BRAKE
(17) E-Stick Cylinder: 375-0720 (12A) LH Stabilizer Cylinder: 375-0721
(12B) RH Stabilizer Cylinder: 375-0722 (13) Boom Cylinder: 375-0723 (14) Stick Cylinder: 375-0718

LEFT
F BRAKE F
PEDAL

(29) Loader Vlave (7 Bank): 271-0527

(29) Loader Vlave (8 Bank): 271-0528
(29E) Stick Section:
341-8185
(22) Accumulator: BACKHOE VALVE TO REAR AXLE
226-0420 RIGHT WHEEL BRAKE
RIGHT
BRAKE BS BT
PEDAL

P2

(31) Press Reducing Valve:

300-0430 P7 P15 P14
P10 P11 P13 P8 P7

P1

P9 P12

E E
P20
PR1

STAB RH AUX. BOOM STICK SWING BUCKET E-STICK STAB LH

(29A) Inlet Section: (29B) Stabilizer Section: (29C) AUX Section: (29D) Boom Section: (29B) Stabilizer Section:
341-4726 271-0541 271-0547 271-0542 271-0541 (29J) Outlet Manifold:
(29G) Bucket Section: (29H) E-Stick Section: (30) Valve Gp -
271-0545 271-0546 271-0539 Relief:
(29F) Swing Section: 260-3022
271-0544
(29K) Boom Section:
(25) Ride Cntrl. 299-9072
Pres. Switch (Opt.): 304-5696
(24) Ride Cntrl. Accmltr
(Opt): 345-3672
(23) Ride Cntrl. Valve
(Opt): 245-8780

D D

STABILIZER JOYSTICK LEFT JOYSTICK RIGHT JOYSTICK

P1
(28A) Inlet Section:
343-7137

T3 (18) Pilot - Lever w/DTNT and Switch: 359-7248

(19) Pilot: 267-2758

C C

(28B) Lift Section:

DEL 271-0521

LIFT
(9) Lift Cylinders: 375-0717

(10) Tilt Cylinder: 375-0716

(20) Pilot - Manifold: 297-1590 T2
(1) Pump Gp. (Primary): 269-9336

P5 P4 (28C) Tilt Section:

271-0522

TILT
(26) Temp. Sensor:
246-4297 (6) Filter: 359-7232 HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT COLOR DESCRIPTIONS
B HMU IMPLEMENT and STEERING PUMP CIRCUIT
PILOT OIL CIRCUIT
B
P16 BOOSTED BRAKE OIL CIRCUIT
SOS LOAD SENSE CIRCUIT
SUPPLY LINE
P3
T1 P17
DRAIN / RETURN LINE
STEERING CYLINDER CIRCUIT
LIFT CYLINDER CIRCUIT
(2) Pump Gp - Secondary: TILT CYLINDER CIRCUIT
P6 280-7873 AUXILIARY CIRCUIT (LOADER VALVE)
(28D) AUX Section: P18
STABILIZER CYLINDER CIRCUIT
271-0523 BOOM CYLINDER CIRCUIT
(27) Diff. Pres. Switch:
AUX. 134-0404 STICK CYLINDER CIRCUIT
(11) MP Bucket Cylinders OPT: SWING CYLINDER CIRCUIT
226-5540 BUCKET CYLINDER CIRCUIT
E-STICK CYLINDER CIRCUIT
LOADER VALVE (5) Cooler: N/A AUXILIARY CIRCUIT (BACKHOE VALVE)

LINE PATTERNS
(28) Loader Vlave (2 Bank): 271-0512
(28E) Outlet Manifold: 269-1079
PUMP Pressure Line
(28) Loader Vlave (3 Bank): 271-0513
Pilot / Load Sensing Pressure

Drain / Return Lines

Component Group

(4) Tank Group: 245-0169 CALLOUTS

A A
YY Taps (Pressure, Sampling, Sensor - by letter)
(7) HMU: 270-1590 Callout Number Component
(Machine Location from (52) VALVE GP - CONTROL Name
P19 Component Locations Table)
138-1234 Part Number

450F BACKHOE LOADERS HYDRAULIC SCHEMATIC

(3) Hydraulic Tank: 272-0008 MEDIA NUMBER: UENR2370
PART #: 417-3441 CHG00
(8) Steer Cylinder: 238-5285 Components are shown installed on a fully operable machine with the key and engine off.
Refer to the appropriate Service Manual for Troubleshooting, Specifications and Systems Operations

8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
COMPONENT LOCATIONS VIEW
VIEW ALL CALLOUTS

28
27 25
26 24 4
29
15 22 12 6 23 3 9 10 8 5 11

14

16

13
14

12
18 1 7 9 10 11
19

17 19 4
16 14 18 1 3 10 5

13
15

12 22 6 23 7 9 8 11
29 26 24
27 25
28
IMPLEMENT / STEERING PUMP VIEW
Implement and VIEW ALL CALLOUTS
B Steering Pump
A

Loader Valve

C T2
H

The implement and steering pump on the 450E machines is similar to the "D" Series
machines, but now includes a torque control solenoid (not visible). The torque control solenoid
provides an additional pump setting.

The implement and steering pump is located below the floor plate in the cab. The pump control
valve (H) contains a torque control spool adjustment screw (B) and a flow compensator adjust-
ment screw (A). The adjustment screws and the load sensing pressure tap (T2) are accessible
from the cab.

T2

C
T1

E
G

T2

B
Drain

Drain

T1

These illustrations show the implement and steering pump out of the machine. The following compo-
nents are visible:

Torque control adjustment (A), Flow compensator adjustment (B), Load sensing pressure tap (T2),
Inlet port (C), Case drain port (D), Torque control solenoid (E), Discharge pressure tap (T1), Torque
limiter (F), Outlet port (G)
BOOSTED BRAKES VIEW
To Wheel To Tank From Pilot
Brake Accumulator

Slave Master Boost Brake

Cylinder Cylinder Valve

This illustration shows a sectional view of the boosted brake valve group. When the brake pedal is
depressed, the boost brake valve moves to the left and inlet oil from the pilot manifold is directed
to the master cylinder.

A E D C B
The 450E machines are equipped with hydraulically assisted master cylinders, which decreases the
amount of pedal effort when braking. This illustration shows the boosted brakes valve group, which uses
oil from the pilot accumulator to add boost to the master cylinder. The hydraulic force multiplies the pedal
effort so the operator can get more braking force with less effort.

The brake boost valves are connected to the master cylinder (A) at each brake pedal (B). Oil enters
the master cylinder through the supply hose (C) and exits the master cylinder through the return hose
(D). The oil flows to the service brakes through the hoses (E) at the bottom of the master cylinder.

The master cylinders can be removed from the machine from inside the operator's compartment.
BACKHOE VALVE VIEW

The pilot manifold can also be

accessed with the floor plate
removed. The pilot pressure tap
(T3) is located on the pilot
manifold. The pilot manifold routes
pilot oil to and from the loader and
backhoe pilot control valves.

Pilot Manifold

T3
View of pilot controlled backhoe valve with floor plate removed.

A N B C D E F G H I J

EIGHT BANK VALVE (PILOT OPERATED)

The 450E machines are equipped with a pilot controlled backhoe valve that is visible with the floor plate at the rear
of the cab removed.

This illustration shows a eight bank backhoe valve. The components in the backhoe valve are:

(A) Outlet Manifold (H) Auxiliary Control Valve

(B) Left Stabilizer Control Valve (I) Right Stabilizer Control Valve
(C) Extendable Stick Control Valve (J) Pilot On/Off Solenoid Valve
(D) Bucket Control Valve (K) Inlet Manifold
(E) Swing Control Valve (L) A Ports
(F) Stick Control Valve (M) B Ports
(G) Boom Control Valve (N) Load Signal Relief Valve

Note: The auxiliary Control Valve (H) is not avalible on the optional seven bank valve.
LOADER VALVE VIEW

SOS
Implement and
Steering Pump
Hydraulic Oil Filter

Loader Valve

C D
B
E
A

P
C D
B
E R

M F
J
K N
THREE BANK VALVE:
The 450E machines are equipped with a mechanically
controlled loader valve as shown in this illustration.

The loader valve is accessed from below the floor

plate. The loader control valve group contains:

(A) Outlet manifold. (J) Makeup and relief valve.

(B) Auxiliary control valve. (K) Magnetic detent for return
(C) Tilt control valve. to dig function.
View of mechanically controlled loader valve with floor plate removed. (D) Lift control valve. (M) Priority Valve.
(N) Mechanical detent for the
(E) Inlet manifold.
float.
(F) Load signal relief valve. (P) A ports.
(R) B ports.
 HYDRAULIC OIL FILTER VIEW
VIEW ALL CALLOUTS

The hydraulic oil filter is located below the

machine at the left frame rail. The hydraulic oil
filter bypass switch is mounted to the oil filter
base.

Temp Sensor

SOS

Filter Bypass
Switch

SOS Filter Bypass Switch Temp Sensor

RIDE CONTROL VIEW

B Travel at high speeds over rough terrain causes bucket movement. The
optional Ride Control System acts as a shock absorber by absorbing
bucket forces, which stabilize the machine.
A
The Ride Control System components include; ride control relay (A), ride
control solenoids (B), ride control accumulator (C), and ride control
pressure switch (D).

Two solenoids are now used on the "E" Series machines Ride Control
System.

The Ride Control System, on machines with the optional autoshift trans-
mission, is controlled by the Machine ECM. The Machine ECM monitors
D the position of the ride control switch and determines when to operate the
ride control system.

C
ECM