Word Problems Involving Quadratic Equations With Solutions - GCSE 9-1, A - Level, IB, IIT JEE - Vivax Solutions

5/22/2020 Word problems involving quadratic Equations with solutions: GCSE 9-1, A -Level, IB, IIT JEE | Vivax
solutions: GCSE 9-1, A -Level, IB, IIT JEE | Vivax Solutions
The three sides of a right-angled triangle are x, x+1 and 5. Find x and the area, if the longest side is 5.
The hypotenuse = 5
x2 + (x+1)2 = 52 (Pythagoras' Theorem)
x2 + x2 + 2x + 1 = 25
-25 => x2 + x2 + 2x - 24 = 0
2x2 + 2x - 24 = 0
x2 + x - 12 = 0
(x - 3)(x + 4) = 0
(x + 4) = 0 or (x - 3) = 0
x = -4 or x = 3
x = 3;
Area = 1/2 x 3 x 4 = 6cm2
E.g.4
The product of two numbers is 24 and the mean is 5. Find the numbers.
Let one number = x; then the other = 24/x
(x + 24/x)/2 = 5
X 2 => x + 24/x = 10
X x => x2 + 24 = 10x
- 10x => x2 + -10x + 24 = 0
(x - 6)(x -4) = 0
(x - 6) = 0 or (x -4) = 0
x = 6 or x =4
The numbers are 6 or 4.
E.g.5
The sum of numbers is 9. The squares of the numbers is 41. Find the numbers.
These are quadratic simultaneous equations.
let the numbers be x and y.
x+y=9
x2 + y2 = 41
From the rst equation, y = (9-x)
Now substitute this in the second equation.
x2 + (9-x)2 = 41
x2 + 81 - 18x + x2 = 41
2x2 - 16x + 81 = 41
 2x2 - 16x + 40 = 0
x2 - 8x + 20 = 0
(x - 5)(x -4) =0
 (x - 5) = 0 or (x -4) =0
x = 5 or x = 4
 Substitute in the rst equation, y = 5 or 4
The numbers are 5 and 4.
凌
Mathematical Modelling with Quadratic Functions

There are quite a few real life situations that can be modelled by a quadratic function in an accurate way. For instance, the motion of a ball,
thrown upwards to move under gravity, can be easily modelled by a quadratic equation. Using the model, we can calculate the height of the
ball if the time is known or vice versa.
E.g.6
A ball is thrown upwards from a rooftop, 80m above the ground. It will reach a maximum vertical height and then fall back to the ground.
The height of the ball from the ground at time t is h, which is given by,
h = -16t2 + 64t + 80.
1. What is the height reached by the ball after 1 second?

2. What is the maximum height reached by the ball?
3. How long will it take before hitting the ground?
Follow the graph along with the calculation for a better understanding:
https://www.vivaxsolutions.com/maths/gcseqdrtcwrdproblems.aspx 3/13
5/22/2020 Word problems involving quadratic Equations with solutions: GCSE 9-1, A -Level, IB, IIT JEE | Vivax Solutions
1) h = -16t2 + 64t + 80
h = -16* 1*1 + 64*1 + 80 = 128m
2) Rearrange by the completing the square, we get:
h = -16[t2 - 4t - 5]
h = -16[(t - 2)2 - 9]
h = -16(t - 2)2 + 144
When the height is maximum, t = 2; therefore, maximum height = 144m.
3) When the ball hits the ground, h = 0;
-16t2 + 64t + 80 = 0
Divide the equation by -16
t2 - 4t - 5 = 0
(t - 5)(t + 1) = 0
t = 5 or t = -1
The time cannot be negative; so, the time = 5 seconds.
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E.g.7
A farmer wants to make a rectangular pen for his sheep. He has 60m fencing material to cover three sides with the other side being a brick
wall. How should he use the fencing material to maximize the space for his sheep? How should he choose length and width of the pen to
achieve his objective?
He just has to cover three sides; let the width be x.

Then the length = (60-2x)
Area of the pen = x(60-2x)
= 60x -2x2
Now let's sketch a graph for the quadratic equation. Which is as follows:
As you can see, the curve peaks at x = 15; when the width = 15m, the area is maximum. A very useful way to use quadratic equations in real
life, indeed!
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E.g.8
 Two resistors, when connected in series, have a total resistance of 25 Ohms. If they are connected in parallel, the value goes down to 6
Ohms. Find the values.
 When they are in series, if one resistor is x, then the other is 25-x
When they are in parallel, 1/6 = 1/x + 1/(25-x)
1/6 = 25/[x(25-x)] = 25/[25x - x2]
凌 25x - x2 = 150
If ax2 + bx + c = 0, then
x = [-b ±√(b2 - 4ac) ]/ 2a
x2 - 25x + 150 = 0
a = 1; b = -25; c = 150
x = -(-25) ±√((-25)2 - 4(1)(150)) / 2(1)
x = 25 ±√(625 - 600) / 2
x = 25 ±√(25) / 2
x = (25 ± 5 )/ 2
x = 15 or x = 10
So, the resistors are 15 Ohms or 10 Ohms.
E.g.9
The following picture shows the shape of a certain grass patch. If the area of the patch is 80m2, nd k.
The total area = 5k + k(2k+1)

= 5k + 2k2 + k
= 2k2 + 6k
Since the area is 80m2
2k2 + 6k = 80
2k2 + 6k - 80 = 0
(2k - 10)(k + 8) = 0
k = 5 or k = -8
Since the length cannot be negative, k = 5.
E.g.10
The following picture shows the shape of a rectangle from which a smaller rectangular part is removed. If the remaining area of the larger
rectangle is 35cm2, nd k.

The remaining area = k(2k+6) - 3k
 = 2k2 + 6k -3k
= 2k2 + 3k
Since the area is 35cm2
凌 2k2 + 3k = 35
2k2 + 3k - 35 = 0
(2k -7)(k + 5) = 0
k = 3.5 or k = -5
Since the length cannot be negative, k = 3.5.
E.g.11
The shortest side of a right-angled triangle is 6cm shorter than its hypotenuse. The difference in length of other two sides is 3cm. If the
shortest side is n-3, show that 2n2 = 12n. Hence, nd n.
If the length of the shortest side is n-3, the length of the hypotenuse and the other side are n+3 and n respectively.
So, using Pythagoras Theorem,
(n-3)2 + n2 = (n+3)2
n2 - 6n + 9 + n2 = n2 + 6n + 9
n2 = 12n
n2 - 12n = 0
n(n - 12) = 0
n = 0 or n = 12.
Since the length cannot be zero, n = 12.
E.g.12
Two cyclists move away from a town along two perpendicular paths at 20 mph and 40 mph respectively. The second cyclist starts the
journey an hour later than the rst one. Find the time taken for them to be 100 miles apart.
Suppose the time taken by the rst cyclist is t; then the time taken by the other cyclist = (t-1)
The distances travelled by them are 20t and 40(t-1) respectively.
Using Pythagoras Theorem,
(20t)2 + [40(t-1)]2 = 1002
400t2 + 1600(t-1)2 = 10000
t2 + 4t2 - 8t + 4 = 25
5t2 - 8t -21 = 0
 (5t + 7)(t -3) = 0
t = 3 or t = -1.4
Since time cannot be negative, t = 3hrs.

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Modelling Stopping Distance of a Vehicle with Speed

With the available data, the stopping distance - sum of thinking distance and breaking distance - can be modelled by a quadratic function. It
is as follows:
Stopping Distance
Thinking Distance Breaking Distance
If the stopping distance = d and the speed = v,

d = 0.044v2 + 1.1v
The following animation shows how the stopping distance, modelled by the above equation, changes with the speed:
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In nite Square Root Problem

Solve the following in nite square root problem:
20 + x = x2
x2 - x - 20 = 0
x = (1 ± √1 + 80)/2
4. The length and width of a rectangular garden are 150m and 120m. A foot path of regular width is added to the boundary of the
garden and the total area of the garden becomes 2800m2 more than its original area. Find the width of the footpath.
5. Adam is about to embark on a journey on a narrow country lane that covers 32km and decides to go at x km/h. On second thoughts,
he calculates that if he increases the speed by 4km/h, his journey time can be cut down by 4 hrs. Find x.
6. The reciprocal of the sum of reciprocals of two numbers is 6. The sum of numbers is 25. Find the numbers.
7. The speed of an ant is (2t + 10) and after travelling for t minutes, it covers a distance of 12m. Find t.
8. Two chords and a diameter form a triangle inside a circle. The radius is 5cm and one chord is 2cm longer than the other one. Find the
perimeter and the area of the triangle.
9. The sum of a number and it reciprocal is 26/5. Find the number.
10. The product of two numbers is 20. The sum of squares is 41. Find the numbers.
11. The dimensions of the glass plate of a wedding photo are 18cm and 12cm respectively. A new frame of equal width is about to be
tted around the glass so that the area of the frame is the same as that of the glass. Find the width of the frame.
12. A group of acquaints went to a restaurants for a meal. When the bill for £175 was brought by a waiter, two of the cheeky ones from
the group just sneaked off before the bill was paid, which resulted in the payment of extra £10 by each remaining individual. How
many were in the group at rst?
13. Ashwin and Donald decided to set out from two towns on their bikes, which are 247 miles apart, connected by a straigh t Roman road
in England. When they nally met up somewhere between the two towns, Ashwin had been cycling for 9 miles a day. The number of
days for the whole adventure is 3 more than the number of miles that Donald had been cycling in a day. How many miles did each
cycle?
14. When a two-digit number is divided by the product of the two digits, the answer is 2 and if 27 is added to the number, the original
number turns into a new number with the digits being swapped around. Find the number.
15. There are three numbers: the difference of the differences of them is 5. The sum and product are 44 and 1950 respectively. Find the
numbers.
16. Find the two numbers, whose sum is 19 and the product of the difference and the greater, is 60.
17. A boy was asked his age: "If you add the square root of it to half of it, and then subtract 12, the answer will be nothing," replied the
boy. What was his age?
18. A group of army cadets, consisting of 1066 men, form two squares in front of a garrison. In the side of one square, there are 4 more
men than the other. How many men are in each side of the squares?
19. The height of a triangle is 4cm less than three times its base length. If the area is 80 cm2, nd the lengths of the base and height.
20. An isosceles triangle is inscribed in a circle in such a way that its longest side, which goes through the centre is √50cm. Find the area
of the triangle.
21. A butcher bought some pheasants for £100.00. Had each cost £1 less, he would have bought 5 more. How many pheasants did he
buy?
22. The sum of reciprocals of two consecutive integers is 13/42. Find the integers.
23. The product of two numbers and the difference between them are 289 and 20 respectively. Find the numbers.
24. The sum of two numbers is 20. The sum of squares is 250. Find the numbers.
25. The area of a square exceeds twice that of another by 56cm2. If the difference of the perimeter between the two is 24cm, nd the
 area of the smaller square.


Answers

Move the mouse over, just below this, to see the answers:
1. 10, 12
凌 2. 10cm, 24cm
3. 8cm
4. 5m
5. 4km/h
6. 10, 15
7. 1
8. 24cm, 24cm2
9. 5
10. 5 and 4
11. 3cm
12. 7
13. 117 and 130 miles
14. 36
15. 6, 13, 25
16. 12,7
17. 16
18. 21 and 25
19. 8cm, 20cm
20. 12.5cm2
21. 20
22. 6, 7
23. 27, 7
24. 15, 5
25. 100 or 4
Now that you have read this tutorial, you will nd the following tutorials very helpful too:
Solving Quadratic Equations - interactive
This is how these cubes work:
Cube Books 1 - Arrows & Human Body
🏆 Challenging Question of the Day
 Solve the following equation and nd all the possible values of x:

(x² - x - 5)x² - 2x - 3 = 1


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Now, in order to complement what you have just learnt, work out the following questions:
Questions
1. The sum of squares of two consecutive even numbers is 244. Find the numbers.
2. The base length of a triangle is 2cm more than its height. The area is 24cm2. Find the length of hypotenuse and the perimeter of the
triangle.
3. The length of a square is increased by a 5th so that its new area is 44cm2 more than the original value. Find the difference in perimeter
of two shapes.
The book covers every single topic in depth and offers plenty of questions to practise. The questions progress well so that
students can get a good conceptual understanding of every major topic. A disciplined practice through this book prepares the
students for both examinations fully. There is enough coverage on new additions to the syllabus with a signi cant amount of
questions.
The following animation is interactive: by clicking on the button, you can generate a random equation and its solutions appear at the same
time. If there are no solutions - the graph being above the x-axis - instead of solutions, the word, unde ned, appears in those places.
凌
In order to learn how to solve quadratic equations by four different methods, please follow this tutorial.
This tutorial assumes that you have already got a good skill in solving quadratic equations as explained in the above tutorial. This tutorial
primarily focuses on solving real-world problems involving quadratic equations.
E.g.1
The sum of two numbers is 27 and their product is 50. Find the numbers.
Let one number be x. Then the other number is 50/x.
x + 50/x = 27
X x => x2 + 50 = 27x
- 27x => x2 - 27x + 50 = 0
(x -25)(x -2) = 0
(x -25) = 0 or (x -2) = 0
x = 25 or x = 2.
E.g.2
The length of a rectangle is 5 cm more than its width and the area is 50cm2. Find the length, width and the perimeter.
Let the width be x. Then the length = x + 5.
x(x + 5) = 50
x2 + 5x = 50
-50 => x2 + 5x - 50 = 0
(x + 10)(x -5) =0
(x + 10) = 0 or (x -5) =0
x = -10 or x = 5 - x = -10 is impossible to be a width
Width = 5cm; so, the length = 10cm.
Perimeter = 30cm.
E.g.3
x = (1 ± √81)/2
x = (1 ± 9)/2
x = 5 or x = -4
Since the square root of a negative number cannot be found, x = 5. So, the value of the above in nite square problem is 5.
Recommended Book
This is a book designed for IGCSE, the international GCSE examination in the UK and the Commonwealth countries - in the age
group 14 - 16. The questions, however, are superb for anyone who want to master mathematical concepts in this age group,
regardless of the examinations that they sit for.
The book contains lots of exercises, graded progressively from simple to harder, covering almost all the topics. If they are practised
in the order given, the con dence of the students are naturally boosted to such an extent the need for any more resources
becomes non-existent.
There are two books in this series - book one and book two. I strongly recommend both for students. Please click the image, which
will take you to Amazon book store.
Factorise and Solve Quadratic Functions - interactive

You can enter a quadratic expression to factorise or an equation to solve. Enter the function into the box exactly in the same form and press
Enter. You will be amazed at its potential!
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5/22/2020 Word problems involving quadratic Equations with solutions: GCSE 9-1, A -Level, IB, IIT JEE | Vivax

solutions: GCSE 9-1, A -Level, IB, IIT JEE | Vivax Solutions

Mathematical Modelling with Quadratic Functions

1. What is the height reached by the ball after 1 second?

 Reach The Top Of Your Writing Game Like Never Before

He just has to cover three sides; let the width be x.

Amazon Best Sellers:

The total area = 5k + k(2k+1)

Modelling Stopping Distance of a Vehicle with Speed

If the stopping distance = d and the speed = v,

Shop Related Products

In nite Square Root Problem

Solving Quadratic Equations - interactive

This is how these cubes work:

Cube Books 1 - Arrows & Human Body

🏆 Challenging Question of the Day

 Solve the following equation and nd all the possible values of x:

 Ad:The author's fully interactive tutorial on differentiation

Learn Differentiation from scratch through this course

148 Comment Share

Factorise and Solve Quadratic Functions - interactive

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