MiCOM P540 Series

Current Differential
Relays

MiCOM P540 Series

Current Differential Relays

T&D
Protection & Control
MiCOM P540 Series
Current Differential Relays

Introduction
The MiCOM Current Differential
Relays provide a highly selective
relaying system that is immune from
changes in the surrounding power
system. Applications to two and
three terminal lines, cables and
transformer feeders are fully
supported. The integration of many
functions allows application to a
wide range of electrical power
systems, providing both local and
remote backup protection.
Protection
Protection
Communications
• Direct optical fibre links
• Dual redundant communications
options
• Suitable for interface to
multiplexed systems
Control
• Inhibit differential protection
• Single and three phase multi-shot
autoreclose with check
synchronising Figure 1: MiCOM P541

• Differential protection • Circuit breaker control

• Phase current differential
• CT ratio correction
• Inrush and steady state
charging current compensation
• Transformer inrush restraint
• Vector compensation
• Stub bus protection
• 3 zone distance protection
• Directional/non-directional
overcurrent
• Phase overcurrent
• Standby earth fault
• Sensitive earth fault
• Wattmetric earth fault
• Thermal overload
• Direct and permissive
intertripping
• Overcurrent intertripping
• Distance intertripping
• Circuit breaker failure
• Broken conductor detection
• Voltage transformer supervision
• Programmable scheme logic
• Programmable allocation of
optically isolated inputs and relay
outputs
• Multiple settings groups
Measurements
• Comprehensive measurement
values
• Instantaneous
• Integrated
Post Fault Analysis
• Fault location
• Event and fault records
• Disturbance records
Monitoring
• Trip circuit supervision
• Breaker state monitoring
• Breaker condition monitoring
Communications
• A choice of protocols
• Front and rear communication
ports
Diagnostics
• Power-up diagnostics
• Continuous self monitoring
• Test facilities
User Friendly Interface
• Liquid crystal display with
backlight
• Programmable LED indications
• Password protection
• Optional secondary cover
Software Support
Available in conjunction with
MiCOM S1:
• Settings editor
• Programmable scheme logic
editor
• Viewing of fault diagnostics and
measurements
• Disturbance recorder viewer
• Menu text editor

2
Models Available

ANSI Feature P541 P542 P543 P544

Two and three terminal lines/cables • • • •
Feeders with in-zone transformers • •
Two breaker configurations •
87P Phase segregated current differential • • • •
Direct/permissive intertripping • • • •
Fibre optic signalling channels • • • •
Propagation delay compensation • • • •
Three pole tripping only • •
Single and three pole tripping • •
79 Multi-shot 3 pole autoreclose •
79 Multi-shot single/3 pole autoreclose •
25 Check synchronising •
50/51P Non-directional overcurrent • • • •
50/51N Non-directional earth fault protection • • • •
67/50/51P Directional overcurrent protection • •
67/50/51N Directional earth fault protection • •
67/50/51N Directional sensitive earth fault • •
32N/64N Directional wattmetric earth fault • •
21 Distance protection • •
78 Power swing blocking • •
49 Thermal overload • • • •
Fault locator • •
46BC Broken conductor • • • •
Voltage transformer supervision • •
CB control • • • •
CB monitoring • • •
CB fail • • • •
Trip circuit supervision • • • •
8 optically isolated inputs and 7 relay outputs •
16 optically isolated inputs and 14 relay outputs • • •
Menu configuration • • • •
4 setting groups • • • •

3
Application Figure 2a shows an application of
two MiCOM P543 Current
With the increased usage of long Differential Relays providing a
and heavily loaded two and three complete zone of protection for a
terminal lines, protection is required long line. The comparison of the
to cater for the problems associated currents entering and leaving the
with multiple infeeds, the effects of protected zone is achieved by
charging currents and high
exchanging information between the
impedance faults.
two line ends using the protection
The MiCOM P540 series relays communication signalling channels.
provide a complete package of As well as providing a selection of
protection, including true phase optical fibre interfaces, the P540
segregated current differential to series relays are compatible with a
achieve this. wide range of communication
equipment via additional interface
The MiCOM P540 series relays can units. In the event of a failure in the
be applied to all applications where protection communications, the
there is a suitable protection P540 series relays provide backup
communications signalling channel. overcurrent protection. The P543
and P544 also provide an
additional 3-zone distance backup
protection.
The MiCOM P540 relays can be
applied to two terminals lines, and
later upgraded to support three
terminal lines with only a
configuration setting change.
This is illustrated in Figure 2b.
Where a line is fed from a mesh
corner or a breaker and a half
switched station, as shown in Figure
2c, the P544 provides separate
inputs for each set of line CTs.
When the line isolator is open, the
P544 provides differential protection
across the stub zone.
The transformer magnetising inrush
restraint and ratio/vector
compensation allows the
MiCOM P541 and P542 relays to
be applied to transformer feeders,
or where the transformer forms part
of the protected zone. This is shown
in Figure 2d.

87 Current differential

67/50/51 Directional overcurrent and earth fault

21 21 Two or three zone distance
Single zone
distance
A B

Single or dual fibre optic communications

P543 P543 P540 P540
850nm
1300nm
1550nm P540

Electrical Multiplexed
P590 P590
interface link
Figure 2b: Upgrade to 3 terminal lines
Figure 2a: Application to 2 terminal lines

Bus A

P542 P541
P544
Figure 2c: Application to 2 breaker configurations
Figure 2d: Application to transformer feeders
Bus B

Figures 2a to 2d

4
Protection Functions
Phase current differential
protection
The primary protection element of
the P540 series relays is phase
segregated current differential,
providing high speed, discriminative
protection on 2 and 3 terminal lines,
cables and transformer feeders. For
application to three terminal lines,
the differential protection remains
available in the event of a signalling
failure of one channel. For 2
terminal lines, dual redundant
signalling channels allow
segregation of the protection signals
for extended dependability.
The differential protection has a
dual slope percentage bias restraint,
as shown in Figure 3, to ensure
stability for through fault conditions.
The initial bias slope ensures
sensitivity to low level faults. As the
fault level rises the bias slope is
increased to compensate for the
effects of current transformer
saturation.
When a trip is issued by the
differential element, in addition to
tripping the local breakers, the
P540 sends a differential intertrip
signal to the remote terminals.
This will ensure tripping of all ends
of the protected line.
The relays utilise 56/64 Kbits/s
digital communication signalling
channels for either direct optical
connection between ends, or via a
multiplexed link. Time alignment of
the current vectors ensures
synchronisation of sampled values
at each line end.
Ia Ib
Differential
current
|Idiff|
Ic
Operate
Percentage
bias k2
Percentage
bias k1
Restrain
IS1
IS2 Bias current
|Ibias|
|Idiff| = |Ia + Ib +Ic|
|Ibias| = 0.5 (|Ia| + |Ib| + |Ic|)
The relay operates when
(1) For Ibias ≤ IS2
Idiff > k1 Ibias + IS1
(2) For Ibias > IS2
Idiff > k2 Ibias – (k2 – k1) IS2 + IS1
Figure 3: Biased current differential protection
Steady state and charging Application to
current compensation
Transformer Feeders
The P543 and P544 relays ensure
protection stability when applied to Vector compensation
long lines and cables with high Vector compensation allows the
levels of capacitive charging P541 and P542 to be applied to
currents. Upon line energisation the feeders with in-zone transformers.
inrush charging currents are filtered Software interposing CTs provide
out. Compensation against steady the required compensation, with the
state charging currents is achieved additional flexibility of catering for
by extracting the charging current star and delta CT connections, and
from the measured current before compensation for different earthing
the differential quantity is arrangements. When used with
calculated. delta-star power transformers,
protection stability of the differential
CT ratio correction
elements is maintained by filtering
Where line CT ratios at either end out the zero sequence currents that
of the protected feeder are different, are normally present on the star side
the P540 contains a correction of transformers.
factor to compensate.
Transformer inrush restraint
Second harmonic restraint is used to
stabilise the protection against
magnetising inrush currents.
5
Application to mesh corner
and breaker and a half
switched substations
The MiCOM P544 provides two sets
of CT inputs for applications when
the line is fed from a mesh corner or
breaker and a half switched
substation. This provides a high
degree of stability in the event of
through faults and when CTs are not
closely matched.
Stub bus protection
When the line isolator is open, as
illustrated in Figure 4, the relay
provides differential protection for
the stub zone. For an internal fault,
the two circuit breakers will be
tripped 3 pole.
Protection
Communications
Communication interfacing
To ensure compatibility with a wide
range of communication equipment
and media the MiCOM P540 series
relays are designed to work with the
signalling bandwidth of a basic
56/64 kbps pulse code modulation
(PCM) channel.
Several options are available
including the ability to enable three
relays to operate together or two
relays with dual redundancy
communications. The options for
fibre optic communications include
850nm multi-mode, 1300nm single-
mode, 1300nm multi-mode and
1550nm single-mode.
Electrical interfaces conforming to
ITU-T G.821 recommendations for
V.35, G.703 and X.21 are
available via the MiCOM P590
series of interface units.
Optical fibres
P540
(a) Direct link using optical fibres
Figure 5: Protection signalling arrangements
P544 P543
Figure 4: Stub bus protection
Typical communication setting change on the existing
arrangements are shown in relays. The flexibility of the P540
Figure 5. series allows one end of a three
terminal line to be isolated, whilst
P540 uses a novel software
technique to continuously monitor
still providing unit protection with
the remaining two relays.
and measure the propagation delay
of the communications channel Communications supervision
during the process of obtaining
Each active protection signalling
current vector information from the
channel is independently monitored,
remote end. This technique assumes
and reports appropriate error
equal channel propagation delay
statistics in line with guidance from
for the data transmit and receive
ITU-T G.821. When applied to
paths.
3-ended systems or dual redundant
Typical direct
communication systems protection
Optical budget fibre length
availability is maintained even if
(km)
one of the protection communication
850nm multi-mode 1
paths fails.
1300nm multi-mode 30
1300nm single-mode 60 Channel propagation delay
1550nm single-mode 80 compensation
When applied to switched
Two and three terminal
communication networks, the P540
configurations
compensates for a transient unequal
The P540 series relays can initially
propagation delay by temporarily
be applied to protect two terminal
increasing the bias setting.
lines. If the line is upgraded to three
This characteristic provides stability
terminals, the unit protection can be
for all load conditions and will still
upgraded by introducing the third
allow tripping for most internal
P540 and only a configuration
faults.
P590
Optical fibres Electrical
connections
P540 P540 Multiplexed
PCM link
MUX
Other protection and
telecommunication
equipment
(b) Multiplexed link – relay connected to a remote PCM multiplexer
using optical fibres and via a P590 interface unit.
6
Back-up Protection
The MiCOM P540 series relays
provides integral back-up protection
to the current differential function.
Non-directional phase overcurrent
and earth fault protection is
available on all models.
The MiCOM P543 and P544 have
VT inputs and thus support
directional overcurrent and distance
protection. All overcurrent and
distance elements may be
independently configured to be
permanently enabled or enabled
during the loss of the protection
communication signalling.
Phase overcurrent
Three phase tripping with faulted
phase indication is provided for all
overcurrent protection functions.
Four independent stages are
available for each phase
overcurrent element.
Each stage may be selected as non-
directional or directional (forward/
reverse) on the P543 and P544.
All stages have definite time (DT)
delayed characteristics. Two of the
stages may also be independently
set to one of nine inverse definite
minimum time (IDMT) curves
(IEC and IEEE).
The phase fault directional elements
are internally polarised by
quadrature phase-phase voltages,
and will make a correct directional
decision down to 0.5V.
A synchronous polarising signal is
maintained for 3.2s after voltage
collapse to ensure that the
instantaneous and time delayed
overcurrent elements operate
correctly for close-up three phase
faults.
Earth fault
The earth fault protection elements
operate from a residual current that
is derived internally from the
summation of the three phase
currents. The directionality of the
earth fault elements is provided by
either residual voltage or negative
sequence voltage. All earth fault
elements have the same
directionality and IDMT
characteristics as for the phase
overcurrent functions.
Sensitive earth fault
The P543 and P544 provide
sensitive earth protection.
A core balance CT should be used
to drive the sensitive earth fault
function. The directionality of the
sensitive earth fault elements is
provided by the residual voltage.
Wattmetric
The sensitive earth fault protection is
also suitable for Petersen Coil
earthed systems by enabling a
wattmetric element. This form of
protection uses the sensitive earth
fault protection directional
characteristic but with a directional
residual power threshold providing
an additional constraint on
operation.
Distance protection
The P543 and P544 provide three
zones of phase to phase and phase
to earth distance protection.
All distance elements are
quadrilateral shaped, as illustrated
in Figure 6, allowing the resistive
reach to be set independently of the
impedance reach along the
protected circuit.
Residual compensation for each
zone is used to ensure accurate
reaches for the earth fault elements.
All phase and earth fault elements
are directionalised as follows:
• Zones 1 and 2 – directional
forward zones
• Zone 3 – directional forward or
reverse zone
X
Zone 3
Figure 6: Three zone quadrilateral distance protection
7
The three independent zones can be
configured to provide back-up
protection on adjacent lines.
Power swing blocking
The operation of the power swing
blocking element is selectable to
block the operation of all distance
zones.
Thermal overload
Thermal characteristics suitable for
cables and transformers are
available providing both alarm and
trip stages. The thermal element may
be set with either a single time
constant characteristic for the
protection of cables or dry
transformers, or a dual time constant
characteristic to protect oil filled
transformers. In the event of loss of
auxiliary supply, the thermal state is
stored in battery backed memory.
Direct and permissive
intertripping
There is an auxiliary signalling
facility whereby direct and
permissive intertrip commands are
sent over the protection
communication channel.
User configurable inputs can be
assigned for both of the intertripping
functions. When energised, the
communication message to the
remote relays is modified.
Zone 2
Zone 1
R
Direct intertripping
A typical application of the direct
intertrip facility is shown in Figure 7.
Upon receipt of this message the
remote relays will operate user
specified outputs for direct transfer Transformer
P541 P541
protection
tripping or blocking, and provide
indication of the remote intertrip.
This intertripping channel may also
be used to configure distance Opto
protection aided schemes.

Permissive intertripping
There is an auxiliary signalling Figure 7: Direct intertrip
facility whereby a permissive
intertrip command is sent over the
protection communication channel
as shown in Figure 8.
A user configurable input can be
assigned for this purpose.
When energised, the Busbar
P543 P543
protection
communication message to the
remote relays is modified. Upon
receipt of this message, and
providing one or more phase Opto
currents are above the differential
setting (Is1), the remote relays will
initiate 3 phase tripping, operate
user specified outputs, and provide Figure 8: Permissive intertrip
indication of the remote intertrip.

Overcurrent intertripping Supervisory Functions Control

Upon operation of the third stage of
the overcurrent protection, it is
possible to configure the P540 to
send an intertrip signal to the
remote relays.
This intertripping command is phase
segregated and can be used in
conjunction with single phase
tripping arrangements.
Distance intertripping
All three zones can be
independently set to send an
intertrip signal to the remote relays.
This intertripping command is phase
segregated and can be used in
conjunction with single phase
tripping arrangements.
Broken conductor
The broken conductor protection
detects unbalanced conditions
caused by broken conductors,
maloperation of single phase
switchgear or single phasing
conditions.
Circuit breaker failure
protection
Two stage circuit breaker failure
protection may be used for tripping
upstream circuit breakers, and re-
tripping of the local circuit breaker if
required. The circuit breaker failure
logic may also be initiated
externally from other protection
devices. The P544 provides
segregated breaker fail outputs for
the two circuit breakers being
monitored.
Voltage transformer
supervision
Voltage transformer supervision is
provided to detect loss of one, two
or three VT signals, providing
indication and inhibition of voltage
dependent protection elements.
An opto-input may also be
configured to initiate the voltage
transformer supervision alarm and
blocking when used with MCBs or
other external forms of voltage
transformer supervision.
Inhibit differential protection
A user defined opto-input is
available to inhibit the operation of
the differential protection. The relays
at all terminal ends will indicate that
the differential protection is out of
service.
Circuit breaker control
Circuit breaker control is available
from the front panel user interface,
optically isolated inputs and
remotely via the substation
communications.
Autoreclose with check
synchronising
The P542 and P543 provide three
pole multi-shot autoreclose. The user
may select a single, two, three or
four shot autoreclose cycle, with
independently settable dead times
and reclaim time. More advanced
features of the P543 include a high
speed single pole autoreclose and a
multi-shot three pole autoreclose
with check synchronising.

8
Programmable scheme logic
Programmable scheme logic allows
the user to customise the protection
and control functions. It is also used
to program the functionality of the
optically isolated inputs, relay
outputs and LED indications.
The programmable scheme logic
comprises gate logic and 8 general
purpose timers. The gate logic
includes OR, AND and majority
gate functions, with the ability to
invert the inputs and outputs, and
provide feedback. The system is
optimised to evaluate changes to the
scheme logic signals and minimises
any delays in logic execution. Up to
250 gates are available.
The programmable scheme logic is
configured using the graphical
MiCOM S1 PC based software, as
illustrated in Figure 9. Figure 9: Programmable Scheme Logic Editor (MiCOM S1)

The required logic is drawn as

shown and is then downloaded
directly into the relay. The logic may
also be uploaded from the relay
and then modified using MiCOM
S1.
Independent protection
settings groups
The settings are divided into two
categories; protection settings, and
control and support settings.
Four setting groups are provided for
the protection settings to allow for
different operating conditions and
adaptive relaying. All settings are
stored in E2PROM.
Measurement and recording
facilities
The P540 series relays are capable
of measuring and storing the values
of a wide range of local and remote
quantities. All event, fault and
disturbance records are time tagged
to a resolution of 1ms using an
internal real time clock. An optional
IRIG-B port is also provided for
accurate time synchronisation.
A lithium battery provides a back-up
for the real time clock and all
records in the event of supply
failure. This battery is supervised
and easily replaced from the front of
the relay.
Power system measurements Phase currents and phase to neutral
The measurements provided, which voltages are available in true rms
may be viewed in primary or and fundamental quantities.
secondary values, can be accessed The P544 displays the summed
by the back lit liquid crystal display, currents of the two sets of local CTs.
or the communications ports. Protection communications
Phase notation is user definable measurements
using the MiCOM S1 text editor.
The P540 series relays record the
Instantaneous appropriate error statistics in line
with the guidance from ITU-T G.821
Measurements for each active channel.
All models Channel propagation delay
Local and remote phase currents Channel status
Local and remote neutral currents Number of valid messages
Phase differential currents Number of errored messages
Phase bias currents Number of severely errored seconds
Sequence currents Number of degraded minutes
Frequency
Thermal state
Models P543/544
Phase voltages
Line voltages
Single and three phase power factor
Active power
Reactive power
Apparent power
Check synchronising voltage
(P543 only)
Slip frequency (P543 only)

9
Post Fault Analysis
Fault location
A fault location algorithm, available
on the P543 and P544 provides
distance to fault in miles, kilometres,
ohms or percentage of line length.
Event records
Up to 250 time-tagged event
records are stored in battery backed
memory, and can be extracted using
the communication ports or viewed
on the front panel display.
Fault records
Records of the last 5 faults are
stored in battery backed memory.
The information provided in the fault
record includes:
• Indication of faulted phase
• Protection operation
• Active setting group
• Fault location
• Relay and CB operating time
• Local currents, voltages and
frequency
• Remote currents
• Differential currents
• Bias currents
Disturbance records
The internal disturbance recorder
has 8 analogue channels, 32 digital
and 1 time channel. Data is
sampled 12 times a cycle and
typically 20 disturbance records,
each of up to 10.5 seconds
duration are stored in battery
backed memory. All channels and
the trigger source are user
configurable. Disturbance records
can be extracted from the relay via
the remote communications and
saved in the COMTRADE format.
These records may be examined
using MiCOM S1 or any suitable
software program.
Plant Supervision Modbus
Modbus is a master/slave protocol,
Trip circuit supervision whereby the master must have
Supervision of the trip circuit in both knowledge of the slave’s databases
breaker open and closed states can and addresses. The Modbus
be realised using optically isolated implementation supported by the
inputs and programmable scheme MiCOM P540 series is RTU mode.
logic.
IEC 60870-5-103
Circuit breaker state The relay is compliant with the
monitoring transmission protocol defined by the
An alarm will be generated if there specification IEC 60870-5-103.
is a discrepancy between the open
The standarised messages based on
and closed auxiliary contacts of the
the VDEW communication protocol
circuit breaker.
are supported.
Circuit breaker condition
DNP 3.0
monitoring
The DNP 3.0 protocol is designed
The circuit breaker condition
by the DNP User Group. Information
monitoring features available on the
about DNP 3.0, including the
P541, P542 and P543 models
protocol specifications can be found
include:
at the website: www.dnp.org.
• monitoring the number of breaker The relay operates as a DNP 3.0
trip operations slave and supports subset level 2 of
• recording the sum of the broken the protocol, plus selected features
current quantity ∑Ix, 1.0≤ x ≤2.0 from level 3.
• monitoring the breaker operating Local auxiliary
time communications
• fault frequency counter The front serial communications port
has been designed for use with
Local and remote auxiliary
MiCOM S1, which fully supports
communications
functions within the relay by
Two auxiliary communication ports providing the ability to program the
are available; a rear port providing settings off-line, configure the
remote communications and a programmable scheme logic, extract
front port providing local and view event, disturbance and
communications. These are for fault records, view the measurement
remote/local integration and are information dynamically and
independent of the protection perform control functions.
signalling communications. PAS&T can also be used with the
local communications port.
Remote auxiliary
communications
The remote communications are
based on RS485 voltage levels.
Any of the following listed protocols
can be chosen at the time of
ordering.
Courier/K-Bus
The Courier language is a protocol
which has been developed
specifically for the purpose of
developing generic PC programs
that will, without modification,
communicate with any device using
the Courier language.
10
Diagnostics Hardware Description
Automatic tests performed including All models within the MiCOM P540
power-on diagnostics and series relays include:
continuous self-monitoring ensure a
• A back-lit liquid crystal display
high degree of reliability. The results
of the self-test functions are stored in • 12 LEDs
battery backed memory. • Optional IRIG-B port
Test features available on the user
• RS232 port
interface provide examination of
input quantities, states of the digital • RS485 port
inputs and relay outputs. In • Download/monitor port
addition, a protection signalling
• Battery (supervised)
channel loop back test may be
carried out. • N/O and N/C watchdog
A local monitor port providing contacts
digital outputs, selected from a • Supervised +48V field voltage
prescribed list of signals, including
• Fibre optic protection signalling
the status of protection elements,
channels
may be used in conjunction with test
equipment. These test signals can The hardware variations between
also be viewed using the Courier or the MiCOM P540 series relay
Modbus communications ports, and models are:
the front panel user interface.
P541 P542 P543 P544
1A/5A dual rated CTs 4 4 5 9
100 – 120V VTs 0 0 4 3
Optically isolated inputs 8 16 16 16
Relay outputs 3 N/O 6 N/O 6 N/O 6 N/O
4 C/O 8 C/O 8 C/O 8 C/O

N/O = Normally open

C/O = Changeover

The assigned functionality of the

optically isolated inputs, relay
outputs and 8 of the LEDs are
preconfigured as a default, but may
be programmed by the user.
The optically isolated inputs are
independent and may be powered
from the +48V field voltage.
The relay outputs may be configured
as latching or self-reset. All CT
connections have integral shorting.
A system overview of the
MiCOM P543 is shown in
Figure 10.

11
 J11
Relay failed
J12
Watchdog
J13
Relay healthy
J14
+ J7
48V field voltage
C1 J9
C2 kA, kV, Hz
87P 1 4 0 0 kW, kVA, kVArs + J8
C4
kWh, kVArh 48V field voltage
C5 J10
Sequence components
50P 51P 49 + J2
C7 Measurements Thermal state Auxiliary voltage
C8 J1
50N 51N IN > 1 Start ON
C10
250 See note 4
In C11
Event
00:12:00 01/01/99
C14 37P 37N records Trip A B C ON IRIG-B Time synchronisation
00:12:01 01/01/99
C15
79 CTS RS232 Courier
See note 1
In sensitive See note 3 RS485 Courier
BC 50BF 20
Modbus
Disturbance IEC60870-5-103
C19 records LEDs
Diff trip
Back-up trip
C20 67 21 Thermal alarm
Fault A-B-C 15ms
Signalling fail User
5 Any start programmable
C21
67W VTS Fault Ia = 1000 A A/R in progress
reports Ib = 1000 A A/R lockout
Test logic block
Ic = 1000 A
C22

See note 2
52
H1
RL1 Direct intertrip
H2
1 RL2
H3
Signalling fail
& 1 & H4
H5
RL3 Any trip
C23 Programmable scheme logic H6
H7
25 RL4
H8 General alarm
C24 H9 User
No. trips = 100 H10 programmable
D2 Breaker SUM I2 = 1000 kA H11 CB fail timer 1
Setting group See note 2 monitoring RL5
H12
D1 CB opt time = 100 ms
D4 H13
Setting group RL6
H14 Control CB close
D3 H15
D6
Inhibit C diff. H16
D5
RL7
H17 Control CB trip
D8 H18
Reset interlock
D7
User D10 G1
programmable Reset relay/LEDs RL8 G2 Trip A
D9
G3
D12 RL9 Trip B
External trip A G4
D11 G5
D14 RL10
G6
Trip C
External trip B
D13 G7
D16
RL11 G8 A/R in progress User
External trip C G9
D15 programmable
G10
F2 RL12 G11 Successfull close See note 2
CB Aux A (52-B) G12
F1
G13
F4
CB Aux B (52-B) RL13 G14 A/R lockout
F3 G15
F6 G16
CB Aux C (52-B) G17 A/R in service
F5 RL14 G18
User F8
Direct intertrip
programmable F7
See note 2 F10 Tx
Perm. intertrip
F9
F12 Rx
Reset lockout F11
Fibre optic
F14
communication
CB healthy Tx (See Note 5)
F13
F16
Bar Rx
F15

ANSI Numbers

67/50P Instantaneous phase overcurrent 67W Wattmetric

67/51P Time delayed phase overcurrent 67 Directional
37P Phase undercurrent 87P Phase current differential
67/50N Instantaneous neutral overcurrent 21 Distance
67/51N Time delayed neutral overcurrent 50BF Breaker failure and backtrip
37N Neutral undercurrent 25 Check synchronising
49 Thermal overload BC Broken conductor detection
79 Autoreclose VTS Voltage transformer supervision

Note 1: All CT connectors have integral shorting. These contacts are made before the internal CT circuits are disconnected.
Note 2: Additional hardware depending on model selection.
Note 3: 5A CT connections shown, 1A CT connections available on the terminal blocks.
Note 4: The bridge rectifier is not present on the 24 – 48V dc version.
Note 5: Optical connectors are ST type.

Figure 10: MiCOM P543 system overview

(not intended for wiring purposes, refer to external connection diagram 10 P543 01 for connection details)

12

6
User Interface
The front panel user interface, as
shown in Figure 11, comprises:
(1) A 2x16 character back-lit liquid
crystal display.
(2) Four fixed function LEDs.
(3) Eight user programmable LEDs.
(4) Menu navigation and data entry
keys.
(5) “READ” and “CLEAR” C
keys for viewing and
acknowledging alarms.
1
7 8
Figure 11: User interface
(6) An upper cover identifying the
product name. The cover may
be raised to provide access to
the product model number,
serial number and ratings.
(7) A lower cover concealing the
front RS232 port, down load/
monitor port and battery
compartment. The front of the
cover can display the name of
the product, or any user defined
name.
(8) Facility for fitting a security lead
seal.
13
The user interface and menu text are
available in English, French,
German and Spanish as standard.
Labels supplied with the device
allow customised descriptions of the
LEDs. A user selectable default
display provides measurement
information, time/date, protection
functions and plant reference
information. The ability to customise
the menu text and alarm
descriptions is also supported.
Password protection
Password protection may be
independently applied to the front
user interface, front communications
port and rear communications port.
Two levels of password protection
are available providing access to
the controls and settings
respectively.
Protection Setting Ranges Autoreclose
• P542
Current differential
Delayed 3 pole shots
1 to 4
Biased current differential characteristic
Dead time (1,2)
Differential 0.01 to 300s
current
Percentage bias Dead time (3,4)
Idiff 0.01 to 9999s
Operate K2
Reclaim time
1 to 600s
Percentage bias
K1 • P543
Is1 Restrain
High speed single shots
0 to 1
Is2 Bias current (Ibias) Delayed 3 pole shots
1 to 3*
• Phase current differential Independent earth fault settings Single phase dead time
for each zone 0.02 to 5s
Is1 0.2 to 2.0In
Zone ground resistive reach Three phase dead time (1)
Is2 1.0 to 30In 0.2 to 30s
0.1 to 400/In Ω
K1 30 to 150% Three phase dead time (2)
Zone residual compensation
K2 30 to 150% 1 to 1800s
factor 0 to 7.00
Three phase dead time (3,4)
Back-up protection Zone residual compensation 1 to 3600s
• Phase fault angle –90° to +90°
Reclaim time
IDMT/DT stages 0.08 to 4.0In Zone timer 0 to 10s 1 to 600s
DT stages 0.08 to 32In Thermal overload Check synchronising
DT 0 to 100s Thermal alarm 50% to 100% 5° to 90°
Slip frequency
• Standard earth fault • Single time characteristic
0.02 to 1.00Hz
IDMT/DT stages 0.08 to 4.0In –t(k.IFLC)2
eτ = * If 3 pole tripping only, the
DT stages 0.08 to 32In I2 – IP2 number of 3 pole shots can be
DT stages 0 to 200s Where: increased to 4.
• Sensitive earth fault t= time to trip, following
application of the overload
IDMT/DT stages 0.005 to 0.1In
current, I
DT stages 0.005 to 0.8In
τ= heating and cooling time
DT 0 to 200s constant 1 to 200 minutes
• Wattmetric characteristic I = largest phase current
Power threshold (1A) 0 to 20W IFLC = thermal trip setting
Power threshold (5A) 0 to 100W k= 1.05 constant
The IEC and IEEE/ANSI IDMT IP = Steady state load current
curves for the above protection
• Dual time characteristic
settings are shown in Figure 12.
–t –t
• Distance 0.4 e τ1 + 0.6 eτ2
Independent phase fault settings
I2 – (k.IFLC)2
for each zone =
I2 – IP2
Zone reach 0.1 to 250/In Ω
Where:
Zone resistance 0.1 to 200/In Ω
τ1, τ2 = heating and cooling
Zone angle 20° to 85° time constants 1 to 200
Zone timer 0 to 10s minutes
Thermal trip current setting
0.08 – 4 In

14
 IEC/UK curves IEEE/US curves
TMS = 1 TD = 7

1000 100

100
Operating

10
time (s)

Operating
time (s)
10

UK LTI

IEC SI 1
IEEE MI
1
IEEE VI
IEC VI
US CO2

IEC EI US CO8
IEEE EI
0.1 0.1
1 10 100 1 10 100
Current (Multiples of Is) Current (Multiples of Is)

TMS 0.025 to 1.2 TD 0.5 to 15

0.14
IEC Standard inverse t = TMS x IEEE Moderately inverse
0.02

()I
Is
-1 t=
TD
x
0.0515
0.02
+ 0.114
7
()
I
Is
-1

13.5
IEC Very inverse t = TMS x IEEE Very inverse
( ) -1
I
Is t=
TD
x
19.61
2
+ 0.491
7
( ) -1
I
Is

80
IEC Extremely inverse t = TMS x IEEE Extremely inverse
2

( )-1I
Is t=
TD
x
28.2
2 + 0.1217
7
( ) -1
I
Is

120 US CO8 Inverse

UK Long time inverse t = TMS x
() I
Is
-1 t=
TD
x
5.95
2 + 0.18
7
( ) -1
I
Is

US CO2 Short time

inverse TD 0.02394
t= x 0.02 + 0.01694
7
()
I
Is
-1

Figure 12: IEC and IEEE/ANSI IDMT curves

15
Technical Data • Nominal current circuit when X/R < 40
Phase and neutral where Vk = knee-point voltage
Accuracies of the current
<0.1Ω at 1A
• Differential operating times transformer for
(typical) <0.02Ω at 5A through fault
Phase current 29ms (min 20ms) Thermal withstand stability (volts),

60Hz operating times as above • AC current inputs Rct = resistance of the

minus 2 – 3ms current transformer
4.0In continuous secondary circuit
• Measurements 30In for 10s (ohms),
Voltage and amperes 100In for 1s RL = lead resistance of a
(local) < 1% single lead from the
• AC voltage inputs
0.2 – 2.0In ±0.5% relay to the current
2Vn continuous transformer (ohms).
0.2 – 2.0Vn ±0.5%
2.6Vn for10s
Amperes (remote) < 5% Earth fault protection
Current transformer Using core balance CT.
Derived values < 5%
requirements
Ratings Vk > 6(N) (In) (Rct + 2RL)
For applications where (maximum
where maximum X/R
Inputs value of through fault current x
ratio =5 and the
primary system X/R ratio) is less
• AC current (In) maximum earth fault
than 120In, and a typical setting of
current = 2 x In
1A/5A dual rated AC RMS IS1 = 20%, then
where
• AC voltage (Vn) For IS2 = 2In; Vk, Rct, RL = (See above)
100 – 120V nominal phase- k1 = 30%, k2 = 100%: N = Max. earth fault
phase
Vk > 95 (In) (Rct +2RL) current/core balance
• Rated frequency 50/60Hz CT rated primary
For IS2 = 2In;
Operative range current
k1 = 30%, k2 = 150%:
45 – 55Hz at 50Hz Note: N should not be greater than
Vk > 65 (In) (Rct + 2RL)
2. The core balance CT must
55 – 65Hz at 60Hz when X/R < 40
be selected accordingly.
• Auxiliary voltage (Vx) and
Digital inputs
Nominal Operative range Vk > 75 (In) (Rct +2RL)
(V) (V) when X/R < 70 Optically-isolated inputs may be
energised from the supervised 48V
dc dc ac For applications where (maximum
field voltage provided or an
value of through fault current x
24 – 48 19 to 65 – external battery.
primary system X/R ratio) is less
48 – 110 37 to 150 24 to 110 than 350In, and a typical setting of Operating voltage >30V dc
IS1 = 20%, then Max. input voltage 60V dc
110 – 250 87 to 300 80 to 265
For IS2 = 2In; AC immunity 50V rms
Outputs k1 = 30%, k2 = 100%: Contacts
• Field voltage supply Vk > 180 (In) (Rct +2RL) • Contact ratings:
48V DC (current limit: >100mA)
For IS2 = 2In; Make: 30A and carry for 3s
Burdens k1 = 30%,; k2 = 150%: Carry: 5A continuous
• DC auxiliary voltage Vk > 85 (In) (Rct + 2RL)
12W typical Break: dc 50W resistive
when X/R < 40 25W inductive
• AC auxiliary voltage For applications where (maximum (L/R = 40ms)
12W typical value of through fault current x ac 1250VA resistive
• Optically isolated inputs primary system X/R ratio) is less
than 700In, and a typical setting of ac 1250VA inductive
0.24W per input at 48V
IS1 = 20%, then (P.F. = 0.5)
• Nominal voltage circuit
For IS2 = 2In; Subject to maxima of 5A and
< 0.02VA at 110V 300V
k1 = 30%,; k2 = 150%:
Vk > 103 (In) (Rct + 2RL)

16
• Watchdog contact ratings • Cable length 15m max Three positive and three negative
dc 30W resistive • Connector RS232 DTE impulses of 5kV peak, 1.2/50µs,
9 pin D-type female 0.5J between all terminals and all
dc 15W inductive terminals and case earth.
(L/R = 40ms) • Protocol Courier
• Isolation ELV Electrical environment
ac 375VA inductive
(P.F. = 0.7) • Local access • DC supply interruption
• Durability IEC 60255-11 : 1979
IRIG-B Port
Loaded contact The unit will withstand a 20ms
• Carrier signal
10,000 operations minimum interruption in the auxiliary
Amplitude modulated
supply, in its quiescent state,
Unloaded contact • Cable type without de-energising.
100,000 operations minimum 50 ohm coaxial cable
• AC ripple on dc supply
Protection signalling channels • Connection BNC
IEC 60255-11 : 1979
Connection Point to point • Isolation SELV
The unit will withstand a 12% ac
Connector BFOC 2.5 (ST) Internal battery ripple on the dc supply.
Battery type: 1/ AA,
2 3.6V • AC voltage dips and short
Communication options:
interruptions
Wavelength Number of Download/monitor port
Fibre IEC 61000-4-11: 1994
channels This is a 25 pin D-type female
20ms interruptions/dips.
850nm 2 Multi-mode connector located on the front user
interface and is specifically • High frequency disturbance
1300nm 1 Multi-mode
designed for test purposes and IEC 60255-22-1: 1988 Class III
1300nm 2 Multi-mode software download.
At 1MHz, for 2s with 200Ω
1300nm 1 Single mode
• Isolation ELV source impedance:
1300nm 2 Single mode
• Local access 2.5kV peak between independent
1550nm 1 Single mode circuits and independent circuits
High voltage withstand
1550nm 2 Single mode and case earth.
This is not applicable to the RS232
1.0kV peak across terminals of
Rear communications port and down load/monitor ports.
the same circuit.
• Connection • Dielectric withstand
This is not applicable to the
Multidrop (32 units) IEC 60255-5: 1977 RS232 and down load/monitor
• Cable type 2kV rms for 1 minute between all ports.
Screened twisted pair case terminals connected together • Fast transient disturbance
and the case earth.
• Cable length 1000m max IEC 60255-22-4 : 1992 Class IV
2kV rms for 1 minute between all
• Connector Screw terminals 4kV, 2.5kHz applied directly to
terminals of independent circuits
auxiliary supply
• Signal levels RS485 with terminals on each
independent circuit connected 4kV, 2.5kHz applied to all inputs.
• Isolation SELV
together. This is not applicable to the
• Remote access
ANSI/IEEE C37.90-1989 RS232 and down load/monitor
Protocols supported (r1994) ports.
• Courier 1kV rms for 1 minute across the • Surge withstand capability
• Modbus open contacts of the watchdog IEEE/ANSI C37.90.1 (1989)
relays.
• IEC 60870-5-103 4kV fast transient and 2.5kV
1kV rms for 1 minute across open oscillatory applied directly across
Note: An interface to an optical
contacts of change over output each output contact, opto input
fibre, type 850nm, BFOC
relays. and power supply circuit.
2.5 (ST) connector is
available for 1.5kV rms for 1 minute across • Radiated immunity
IEC 60870-5-103. open contacts of normally open
C37.90.2 - 1995
output relays.
• DNP 3.0 25MHz - 1000MHz, zero and
• High voltage impulse
Front communications port 100% square wave modulated.
IEC 60255-5: 1977 Field strength of 35V/m.
• Connection Point to point
• Cable type Multi-core

17
• Electrostatic discharge Atmospheric environment Additional information
IEC 60255-22-2 : 1996 Class 4 • Temperature MiCOM P540 Series
15kV discharge in air to user IEC 60255-6:1988
Operation Guide OG8613
interface, display and exposed Operating
metal work. Technical Guide TG8613
–25°C to +55°C
IEC 60255-22-2 : 1996 Class 3 Storage and transit Courier
8kV discharge in air to all –25°C to +70°C Communications R4113
communication ports. 6kV point IEC 60068-2-1: 1990/A2:1994 MiCOM S1
contact discharge to any part of Cold User Manual R8610A
the front of the product.
IEC 60068-2-2: 1974/A2:1994 MiCOM P590 Series
• Surge immunity Dry heat Interface Units R6627
IEC 61000-4-5: 1995 Level 4 • Humidity Midos Parts Catalogue
4kV peak, 1.2/50µs between all IEC 60068-2-3: 1969 and Assembly
groups and case earth. Instructions R7012
56 days at 93% RH and +40°C
2kV peak, 1.2/50µs between PAS&T R8514
terminals of each group. • Enclosure protection

This is not applicable to the IEC 60529 : 1989

RS232 and down load/monitor IP52 Protection (front panel)
ports. against dust and dripping water
• EMC compliance at 15° to the vertical.

89/336/EEC Mechanical environment

• Vibration
Compliance to the European
Commission Directive on EMC is IEC 60255-21-1 : 1996
claimed via the Technical Response Class 2
Construction File route.
Endurance Class 2
Generic Standards were used to
• Shock and bump
establish conformity:
IEC 60255-21-2 : 1995
EN50081-2: 1994
Shock response Class 2
EN50082-2: 1995
Shock withstand Class 1
• Product safety
Bump Class 1
73/23/EEC
• Seismic
Compliance with European IEC 60255-21-3 : 1995 Class 2
Commission Low Voltage
Directive. Cases
Compliance is demonstrated by P541 MiCOM 40TE
reference to generic safety
P542, P543 & P544 MiCOM 60TE
standards:
• Weight
EN61010-1: 1993/A2: 1995
P541 6.8 kg
EN60950: 1992/A11: 1997
P542 8.3 kg
P543 9.4 kg
P544 11.5 kg

18
Case
23.30 155.40 8 off holes Dia. 3.4
The MiCOM relays are housed in a
specially designed case providing a A B BA
Sealing strip
high density of functionality within 177.0
159.00 168.00 (4U)
the product, a customisable user
AB BA
interface, and additional functions/
10.35 181.30 483 (19” rack)
information concealed by upper and 202.00
lower covers. Physical protection of Flush mounting panel
A = Clearance holes
the front panel user interface and B = Mounting holes
Panel cut-out detail
prevention of casual access is
provided by an optional transparent 200.00 Note: If mounting plate
front cover, which can be fitted or is required use flush
mounting cut out dimensions
omitted according to choice since
the front panel has been designed All dimensions in mm
to IP52 protection against dust and
water. The case is suitable for either
rack or panel mounting as shown in Secondary cover (when fitted)
Figures 13 and 14. 240.00
Front view
Incl. wiring

177.00 157.5 max

Side view
206.00 30.00

Figure 13: Case sizes P541 (40TE)

116.55 142.45 Sealing

23.25 12 off holes Dia. 3.4 strip
AB A B BA
168.00

177.0
159.00 (4U)

AB B A BA

10.30 155.40 129.50

483 (19” rack)
305.50
A = Clearance holes
B = Mounting holes
303.50

All dimensions in mm

Secondary cover (when fitted)

240.00
Front view Incl. wiring

177.00 157.5 max

Side view
309.60 30.00

Figure 14: Case sizes P542, P543 and P544 (60TE)

19
MiCOM P540 Series Thermal protection with single and The vendor shall be able to provide
dual time constant characteristics software support for local and
Relays Specification
suitable for cables and transformers remote programming, and
A current differential relay shall be shall be provided. The thermal state extraction of records from the
suitable for two and three ended shall be stored in battery backed device.
lines, cables and transformer memory.
A comprehensive range of
feeders. For application to three
Programming of the device shall be instantaneous and integrated
terminal lines, the differential
possible using a front panel user measurement values shall be
protection shall remain available in
interface, local and remote available for viewing on the user
the event of a signalling failure of
communications ports. interface and the communications
one channel.
A configuration feature shall be ports. The relay shall also make
The relay shall compensate for provided to enable selection of available the values of the remote
unequal primary current transformer required functions. This shall allow phase and neutral currents, and
ratios to ensure correct operation of menu customisation, removing provide error statistics in line with
the differential elements. unwanted functions and setting guidance from ITU-T G.821.
groups from the settings displays.
For application to long lines or
The front panel user interface shall
cables, the differential elements shall
provide independent keys for the
compensate for inrush and steady
viewing and acknowledgement of
state charging currents.
alarms. This shall be complemented
For application to transformer by a graphical PC based software
feeders, the relay shall provide the program.
appropriate compensation for
Fixed and programmable scheme
transformer inrush conditions, and
logic shall be provided.
support different power transformer
Programmable scheme logic for
configurations and earthing
configuring custom logic schemes
arrangements.
shall be uploadable from relay to
The protection signalling channel PC, and from PC to relay. The relay
shall work with the signalling shall store factory default protection
bandwidth of a basic 56/64 kbps and scheme logic settings for
pulse code modulation (PCM) restoration or upload to a PC.
channel. Electrical interfaces
Time-tagged event, fault and
conforming to ITU-T G.821
disturbance records shall be stored
recommendations may also be
in battery backed memory.
provided for interfacing to
The internal disturbance recorder
multiplexed systems.
shall have a capacity to store 20
The relay shall provide integral records, each record shall store
backup protection to the differential sampled data from 8 analogue and
functions and the power system. 32 digital channels over a period of
Three zones of phase to phase and 10 seconds.
phase to earth distance protection,
with power swing blocking shall be
provided.
Four stages of directional phase
overcurrent and earth fault
protection shall be provided, with a
selection of nine IDMT
characteristics for two of the stages.
An additional CT shall be provided
for sensitive earth fault protection.

20
Information Required with Order

Relay type MiCOM P 5 4 1

Current Differential Protection

Version (Note 1)
Standard version 1
With 3 pole autoreclose 2
With distance backup, 1/3 pole autoreclose
and check synchronising 3
With distance backup, suitable for
2 breaker configurations 4

Vx Aux Rating
24 – 48V dc 1
48 – 110V dc (30 – 110V ac) 2
110 – 250V dc (100 – 240V ac) 3

Hardware Options
Standard version 1
IRIG-B input 2
Fibre optic converter (IEC 60870-5-103) 3
IRIG-B input and fibre optic converter (IEC 60870-5-103) 4

Protection communications (Note 2)

850nm dual channel A
1300nm SM single channel B
1300nm SM dual channel C
1300nm MM single channel D
1300nm MM dual channel E
1550nm SM single channel F
1550nm SM dual channel G

Protocol options
K-Bus 1
Modbus 2
IEC60870-5-103 (VDEW) 3
DNP 3.0 4

Note 1: The P541 can be used with the P542, and the P543 can be used with the P544.
The P541/P542 cannot be used with the P543/P544.
Note 2: Details of other combinations of Protection Communications are available on request.

21
Accessories Please quote on order

The P590 interface devices for electrical interfaces Refer to Pub. R6627

Rack frame, (in accordance with IEC 60297). FX0021 001

Case to rack sealing gaskets are available to improve the overall IP

rating of the panel, (10 per order). GN2044 001

M4 90° pre-insulated ring terminals:

Blue – Wire size 1.04 - 2.63mm2 (100 per order). ZB9124 900
Red – Wire size 0.25 - 1.65mm2 (100 per order). ZB9124 901

Secondary cover: P541 Size 40TE GN0037 001

P542, P543, P544 Size 60TE GN0038 001

Blanking plates: Size 10TE GJ2028 002

Size 20TE GJ2028 004
Size 30TE GJ2028 006
Size 40TE GJ2028 008

Push-on tab: 4.8 x 0.8mm converter for 18 way medium duty terminal block (20 per order) ZA0005 104

Px40 – Monitor/Download port test box ZG1094 001

2 metre long, 3-wire serial communications cable kit for use with:
PC to KITZ or ZA0012001
PC to MiCOM relay via front port

22
ALSTOM T&D Protection & Control Business contact addresses
PCB Head Office
ALSTOM T&D P&C
3 Parc des Grillons
60 Route de Sartrouville
B.P. 58. 78230 Le Pecq Cedex
FRANCE
Tel: +33 (0)1 34 80 79 00
Fax: +33 (0)1 34 80 79 13
protection.control@tde.alstom.com
Western Europe
and Africa
United Kingdom and Northern Europe
ALSTOM T&D P&C Ltd
St Leonards Works
Stafford. ST17 4LX
UNITED KINGDOM
Tel: +44 (0)1785 223251
Fax: +44 (0)1785 212232
pcb-wea.uk@tde.alstom.com
France, Belgium and Luxembourg
ALSTOM T&D P&C SA
Avenue de Figuières
34975 Lattes Cedex
FRANCE
Tel: +33 (0)4 67 20 54 54
Fax: +33 (0)4 67 20 54 99
pcb-wea.france@tde.alstom.com
Italy
ALSTOM FIR S.p.A
Viale Giulio Cesare, 29
24124 -Bergamo
ITALY
Tel: +39 035 5791611
Fax: +39 035 5791662
pcb-wea.italy@tde.alstom.com
Spain and Portugal
ALSTOM T&D, S.A
Paseo de la Castellana, 257
28046 Madrid
SPAIN
Tel: +34 91 334 59 43
Fax: +34 91 334 59 42
pcb-wea.spain@tde.alstom.com
Mediterranean and Africa
ALSTOM T&D P&C SA
Avenue de Figuières
34975 Lattes Cedex
FRANCE
Tel: +33 (0)4 67 20 54 54
Fax: +33 (0)4 67 20 54 99
pcb-wea.africa@tde.alstom.com
Germany
and Eastern Europe
Germany and Switzerland
Russian Speaking Countries
ALSTOM ENERGIETECHNIK GmbH
Bereich Schutz- und
Schaltanlagenleittechnik
Lyoner Straße 44-48
D 60528 Frankfurt/Main
GERMANY
Tel: +49 69 66 32 33 33
Fax: +49 69 66 32 25 48
pcb-gee.germany@tde.alstom.com
South East Europe
ALSTOM AUSTRIA AG
Hietzinger Kai 169
A1130-Vienna
AUSTRIA
Tel: +43 1 87893 726
Fax: +43 1 87893 750
pcb-gee.austria@tde.alstom.com
Central Europe
ALSTOM T&D P&C SA
uI. Strzegomska 23/27
58-160 Swiebodzice
POLAND
Tel: +48 748 54 84 10
Fax: +48 748 54 85 48
pcb-gee.poland@tde.alstom.com
Middle East Asia
and Pacific
Middle East Asia
ALSTOM T&D P&C Ltd
12th Floor, Crescent Tower
Buhaira Corniche
PO Box 25448, Sharjah
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
Tel: +971 6 556 3971
Fax: +971 6 556 1082
pcb-map.uae@tde.alstom.com
India and South Asia
ALSTOM INDIA Ltd
Protection & Control Division
19/1 GST Road, Pallavaram Works
Chennai (Madras) 600 043
INDIA
Tel: +91 44 236 8621
Fax: +91 44 236 7276
pcb-map.india@tde.alstom.com
South East Asia
ALSTOM T&D P&C Ltd
31 Kaki Bukit Road 3
#07-03, Techlink
Singapore 417818
SINGAPORE
Tel: +65 843 3130
Fax: +65 846 1796
pcb-map.singapore@tde.alstom.com
China and North East Asia
ALSTOM T&D P&C
Room 910-912, 9th Floor
New Kowloon Plaza
38 Tai Kok Tsui Road
Kowloon, Hong Kong
CHINA
Tel: +852 2833 6265
Fax: +852 2834 5279
pcb-map.china@tde.alstom.com
23
Australia and Pacific Islands
ALSTOM AUSTRALIA Ltd
Protection & Control Division
PO Box 22, 25 Princes Road,
Regents Park, NSW 2143, Sydney
AUSTRALIA
Tel: +61 29 645 0777
Fax: +61 29 743 8488
pcb-map.australia@tde.alstom.com
North and South America
USA and Panama
ALSTOM USA INC
Protection & Control Division
4 Skyline Drive - Station M
Hawthorne
New York 10532-2160
USA
Tel: +1 914 347 5166
Fax: +1 914 347 5508
pcb-nsa.usa@tde.alstom.com
Canada
ALSTOM CANADA INC
5112 Timberlea Boulevard
Mississauga, Toronto
Ontario L4W 2S5
CANADA
Tel: +1 800 263 0646
Fax: +1 905 624 8855/8466
pcb-nsa.canada@tde.alstom.com
Mexico
ALSTOM T&D SA DE CV
Alce Blanco 13-A
Naucalpan de Juarez
CP 53370 Mexico City
MEXICO
Tel: +52 5 358 27 22
Fax: +52 5 358 83 93
pcb-nsa.mexico@tde.alstom.com
Caribbean, Central and South America
ALSTOM INTERNATIONAL (PERU)
Edificio Las Naciones
Avenida Central 643 - Piso 1
San Isidro
Lima 27
Tel: +51 1 221 7954/1208
Fax: +51 1 221 1209
pcb-nsa.peru@tde.alstom.com
Brazil
ALSTOM T&D Ltd
Protecção e Control
Avenida Interlagos 4211
CEP-04661-300 São Paulo
São Paulo
BRAZIL
Tel: +55 11 5524 1044
Fax: +55 11 5548 3429
pcb-nsa.brazil@tde.alstom.com
South America
ALSTOM ARGENTINA SA
Protección y Control
Av. Leandro N. Alem 896 - Piso 5
1001 Buenos Aires
ARGENTINA
Tel: +54 11 4891 9600/9666
Fax: +54 11 4311 1040
pcb-nsa.argentina@tde.alstom.com
TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION Protection & Control, HQ, 60 Route de Sartrouville, BP58, 78230 Le Pecq Cedex, France
Tel: +33 (0) 134 80 79 00 Fax: +33 (0) 134 80 79 13 Email: pcs.enquiries@tde.alstom.com Internet: www.alstom.com

©2000 ALSTOM. ALSTOM, the ALSTOM logo and any alternative version thereof are trademarks and service marks of ALSTOM.
Other names mentioned, registered or not, are the property of their respective companies.

Our policy is one of continuous development. Accordingly the design of our products may change at any time. Whilst every effort is made to produce up to date literature, this brochure should
only be regarded as a guide and is intended for information purposes only. Its contents do not constitute an offer for sale or advice on the application of any product referred to in it.
We cannot be held responsible for any reliance on any decisions taken on its contents without specific advice.

Publication R6613C 110030 CPS Printed in England.