Cyan cells are input cells

Yellow cells are output cells

Symbol Term
Vh Velocity head
V Gas Velocity in duct
g Gravitational Acceleration

Q Volume of gas
Qn Normal Volume of gas
Qg Normal mass of gas
D Duct Diameter
A Cross Sectional Area
VP Velocity Pressure
ρ Actual Air Density at different temp. and pressure
ρn Air Density at NTP
t Gas Temperature
Pa Barometric Pressure
H Altitude of place in metres
PS Suction Pressure

Friction Loss in Straight Duct

V Velocity in ducts
f coefficient of friction for steel
L Length of ducts including developed bends
d diameter of duct
v specific volume of air, corrected for altitude and temp
T Absolute temp of air in Kelvin
Floss Friction loss in straight round ducts

Dh Hydraulic Diameter
p wetted perimeter of the duct

Friction Loss in Bends

V Velocity in ducts
K1 Coefficient of friction for bends (from figure)
Floss Friction loss in pipe bends

Lift Loss
L Vertical Lift
Wm Weight of material being lifted
Wa Weight of air/gas lifting the material
K Constant = density of water/density of air (Operating)
Density of water = 1
Density of air at NTP = 1.29 kg/m3
 K at NTP = 1/1.29 = 0.775
R
Lloss Lift Loss

Acceleration Loss
m1 mass of material
m2 mass of air
M m1 + m2
V Final velocity af air and material
Wm weight of material
Wa weight of air
R
Aloss Acceleration Loss
Formula Value Unit
V²/2g 8.384575 m
12.81943 m/sec 9.868363 m/sec 12.00434
9.8 m/sec²

146.9405 m³/sec 528985.8 m³/h 228064

80.15833 Nm³/sec 288570 Nm³/h 124412.47584221
103.4043 kg/sec 372255.3 kg/h 160492.09383646
3.82 m 2.508244 m
π D²/4 11.46233 m²
Vh x ρ 5.900353 mmwg 5.2 mmwg
ρn x 273/(273+t) x Pa/10335 0.703715 kg/m³
1.29 kg/m³
190 deg C
10335 x (1-0.0000226 x H)^5.255 9561.72 mmwg 0.925179
650 m
250 mmwg

12.81943 m/sec
0.018
16 m
3.82 m
1.42103 m3/kg
463 kelvin
13.866 x V² x L x f / (d x v x T) 0.261116 mmwg 2513.318037 181.25761120949
(f L V²/2gd)xρ 0.444843 mmwg 0.6321355127
f(L/Dh) (V²/2g) 0.632136 mmwg 4.1884816754 8.3845752029556
4A/p 3.82
πD 12.00244

12.81943 m/sec
1.08
(K1 x V²/2 x g) x ρ 6.372381 mmwg

9.055341

10 m
2 kg
2
1
 1

(Wm/Wa) 1
RxL/K 10 mmwg

Lift Loss When material is lifted from one level

18 Acceleration When material is introduced in a
m1 x g Loss ducting and attains velocity of
m2 x g Frcition Loss carrying gases
Due to flow of gases (also dust laden)
(Wm/Wa) #DIV/0!
R x V²/2g #DIV/0! mmwg
m/sec

m3/h 137.5977 m³/sec

Nm³/h
kg/h

Losses in ducts
material is lifted from one level
material is introduced in a
and attains velocity of
gflow
gases
of gases (also dust laden)