Control Valve

gain and transfer function

Reference: Principles and Practices of Automatic Process Control

(Armando Corripio & Carlos Smith, 2006)
 OBE attainment

 PO (Program Outcome)
PO1: Apply knowledge of mathematics, sciences, engineering fundamentals and
engineering specialization to solve complex engineering problems.

 CO (course Outcome)
– CO1- Select suitable control elements for a particular control system
Control valve gain and transfer function
Gain
• Gain of the valve – change in output divided by the
change in the input
• Output of valve – flow
• Input of the valve is the controller output signal (in
percent controller output)
df gpm Ib/hr or scfh
Kv 
dm %CO

• The valve gain obtained from three term

– Dependence of the valve position on the controller output
– Dependence of the Flow coefficient, Cv on the valve position
– Dependence of the Flow on the flow coefficient , Cv

dvp dCv df
Kv 
dm dvp dCv
• Dependence of the valve position on the controller
output
– Simply the conversion of percent controller output to
fraction valve position

– +ve sign for valve fails closed (air-to-open)

– -ve sign for valve fails open (air to close)
=

• Dependence of the Flow coefficient, Cv on the

valve position
– Linear characteristic

- Equal percentage
• Dependence of the Flow on the flow coefficient , Cv
– For liquid service
• Constant valve pressure drop

• Variable valve pressure drop

 Constant valve pressure drop
• The gain of a valve with linear characteristic

The gain of a valve with equal percentage

characteristic
 Variable valve pressure drop
• The gain of a valve with linear characteristic

• The gain of a valve with equal percentage

characteristic
•
 Question 1
• Find the gain and the valve position
• Cv,max=2000
• Cv=500
• Density of liquid =800kg/m3
• Inlet pressure =100 psig
• Outlet pressure =80 psig
• α (rangeability parameter) = 50
• Consider both a valve with linear characteristics
and equal percentage valve
• Transfer function
 Question 2
• Using the valve gain obtained in Question 1,
1. Write the transfer function of the valve if the
time constant of the valve actuator is 0.3 min
2. Draw the block diagram of the valve