CONSTRUCTION
TECHNOLOGY I
WEEK 1 | SEMESTER 1/20192020 | VOLUME 1.3
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF CONSTRUCTION
In accordance to revised RIBA plan
of work, the erection of a building
involves:
A. Appraisal: Identification of
client’s requirements & of
possible constraints on
development. Preparation of
studies to enable the client to
decide whether to proceed &
to select the probable
procurement method.
*
LOCAL AUTHORITIES
http://jkt.kpkt.gov.my/
Website related to
planning approval and
controlling development
https://osc.ppj.gov.my/
B. Strategic Briefing: Preparation of
Strategic Brief by or on behalf of
the client confirming key
requirements & constraints.
Identification of procedures,
organisational structure & range
of consultants & others to be
engaged for the project.
WEEK 1 | SEMESTER 1/20192020 | VOLUME 1.3
C. Outline Proposal: Commence
development of Strategic Brief into
full Project Brief. Preparation of
Outline Proposals & estimate of cost.
Review of procurement route.
D. Detailed Proposal: Complete
development of the Project Brief.
Preparation of Detailed Proposals.
Application for full Development
Control Approval.
E. Final Proposal: Preparation of Final
Proposals for the project sufficient for
co-ordination of all components &
elements of the project.
K. Construction to Practical Completion:
Administration of the building contract up
to & including practical completion.
Provision to the contractor of further
information as & when reasonably required.
THE BUILDING TEAM
The parties involved in constructing a building
are:
o Client Team
o User Team
o Design Team
o Research Team
o Legislative Team
o Manufacturing Team
o Construction Team
o Maintenance Team
F. Production Information: F1 – Preparation of production information
in sufficient detail to enable a tender or tenders to be obtained.
Application for statutory approvals. F2 – Preparation of further
production information required under the building contract.
G. Tender Documentation: Preparation & collation of tender
documentation in sufficient detail to enable a tender or tenders to
be obtained for the construction of the project.
H. Tender Action: Identification & evaluation of potential contractors
and/or specialists for the construction of the project.
I. Mobilisation: Letting the building contract, appointing the
contractor. Issuing of production information to the contractor.
Arranging site handover to the contractor.
L. After Practical
Completion:
Administration of the
building contract after
practical completion.
Making final inspections &
settling the final account.
CLIENT TEAM
The client has the responsibility for defining the building
to suit needs, establishing & providing the necessary
finances, agreeing design & construction phases,
timetabling and, fulfilling the management & running of
the completed project. The client may appoint an
architect as the project coordinator.
USER TEAM
A building User Team forms a link between design
concepts & built reality. User requirements may be
straightforward when client & occupants are the same.
However, the Design Team often has to draw
independently upon the expertise, experience on a
client’s own interpretation of user requirements for a
proposed building. Eg. school, police station etc.
WEEK 1 | SEMESTER 1/20192020 | VOLUME 1.3
DESIGN TEAM
There are two types of building
designers: principal designers with the
responsibility for the overall design of the
project, and specialist designers who
provide expertise concerning certain
aspects of a building and ofter
coordinated by the principal designer.
Cost control and financial advice to
client, principal & specialist designers is
generally provided by a quantity
surveyor.
“The Design Team may act as Legislative
Team which they start negotiation with the
local authority in order to clarify certain legal
requirements (eg planning process).”
CONSTRUCTION METHOD
Communication between team includes
drawings, specification of works & bill of
quantities, contracts, fee accounts & certificates
of payments, programmes of work &
maintenance manual.
Figure 1.3 shows an outline of activities
(sequence of activities) for a two-storey house.
MANUFACTURING TEAM
The Manufacturing Team supplies the materials, components &
equipment which are used during the construction processes of a
building. Commonly, supply of readily available materials that
converted into forms or sizes are relied when constructing a
building (rationalised traditional construction procedure). Open-
system building is when the component design is coordinated
between manufacturers of different products so that they can be
used together without alterations or become interchangeable.
CONSTRUCTION TEAM
Construction Team usually grouped under trade headings according
to their skills such as bricklayer, carpenter, concreter, electrician, floor
tiler, plasterer, painter & decorator, scaffolder, metalworker and
plumber. Commonly, the construction team consists of main
contractor, sub-contractors and nominated sub-contractors.
In addition, project such as
railway track between
Singapore and Malaysia may
engage a Legislative Team
consists of lawyers to assist in
the law requirements for both
countries.
References:
1. Osbourn, D. and Greeno, R.(2007). Mitchell’s
Introduction to Building. Pearson Education Ltd:
England.
2. https://www.architecture.com/-
/media/gathercontent/riba-plan-of-
work/additional-
documents/ribaoutlineplanofwork2007revised2008
pdf.pdf
3. https://www.architecture.com/knowledge-and-
resources/resources-landing-page/riba-plan-of-
work