Power and President
functions
1)Executive  All executive actions of the government of India are
power formally taken in his name
 He can make rules specifying the manner in which the
orders and other instruments made and executed in his
name shall be authenticated
 He can make rules for more convenient transaction of
business of the Union government, and for allocation of
the said business among the ministers
 He can seek any information relating to the
administration of affairs of the Union, and proposals for
legislation from the prime minister.
 He can require the Prime Minister to submit, for
consideration of the council of ministers, any matter on
which a decision has been taken by a minister but,
which has not been considered by the council.
 Appoints prime minister and other minister
 Appoints attorney general of india
 Appoints C & AG, CEC & other EC, UPSC, Governor of
states, Finance commissions.
 Appoint a commission to investigate conditions of SC ,ST
& Other Backward Classes
 Appoints an inter-state Council to promote Center-State
Relation
 Directly Administers the UTs through Administrators
appointed by him
 Can Declare any area as a Scheduled Area
Governor
 All executive actions of the government of India are
formally taken in his name
 He can make rules specifying the manner in which the
orders and other instruments made and executed in his
name shall be authenticated
 He can make rules for more convenient transaction of
business of the Union government, and for allocation of
the said business among the ministers
 He can seek any information relating to the
administration of affairs of the State, and proposals for
legislation from the Chief Minister.
 He can require the Chief Minister to submit, for
consideration of the council of ministers, any matter on
which a decision has been taken by a minister but,
which has not been considered by the council.
 Appoints chief minister and other minister
 Appoints advocate general of state
 Appoints state election commission, SPSC but they can
be removed by the president and not by the governor.
 Appoints Tribal welfare minister
(chattisgarh Jharkhand, orissa, Madhya pradesh)
 Recommend the imposition of constitutional
emergencies in a Stateto the president
 Acts as a Chancellor Of State universities & appoints
Vice Chancellors of state universities
4)Legislativ  He can summon or prorogue the Parliament and
e power dissolve the Lok Sabha. He can also summon a joint
sitting of both the Houses of Parliament, which is
presided over by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha.
 He can address the Parliament at the commencement of
the first session after each general election and the first
session of each year.
 He can send messages to the Houses of Parliament,
whether with respect to a bill pending in the Parliament
or otherwise.
 He can appoint any member of the Lok Sabha to preside
over its proceedings when the offices of both the
Speaker and the Deputy Speaker fall vacant. Similarly,
he can also appoint any member of the Rajya Sabha to
preside over its proceedings when the offices of both
the Chairman and the Deputy Chairman fall vacant.
 He decides on questions as to disqualifications of
members of the Parliament, in consultation with the
Election Commission
 He can promulgate ordinances when the Parliament is
not in session. These ordinances must be approved by
the Parliament within six weeks from its reassembly. He
can also withdraw an ordinance at any time.
 He lays the reports of the Comptroller and Auditor
General, Union Public Service Commission, Finance
Commission, and others, before the Parliament.
 He nominates 12 members of the Rajya Sabha from
amongst persons having special knowledge or practical
experience in literature, science, art and social service.
 He can nominate 2 members to the Lok Sabha from the
Anglo-Indian Community.
 He can summon or prorogue the State Legislature and
dissolve the State Legislative Assembly.
 He can address the State Legislature at the
commencement of the first session after each general
election and the first session of each year.
 He can send messages to the house or houses of the
State Legislature, whether with respect to a bill pending
in the State Legislature or otherwise.
 He can appoint any member of the State Legislature to
preside over its proceedings when the offices of both
the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker fall vacant.
Similarly, he can also appoint any member of the State
Legislative Council to preside over its proceedings when
the offices of both the Chairman and the Deputy
Chairman fall vacant.
 He decides on questions as to disqualifications of
members of the State Legislature in consultation with
the Election Commission
 He can promulgate ordinances when the Parliament is
not in session. These ordinances must be approved by
the Parliament within six weeks from its reassembly. He
can also withdraw an ordinance at any time.
 He lays the reports of the Comptroller and Auditor
General, Union Public Service Commission, Finance
Commission, and others, before the Parliament
 He nominates 1/6th of the members of the State
Legislative Council from amongst persons having special
knowledge or practical experience in literature, science,
art and social service.
 He can nominate 1 member to the State Legislative
  He can make regulations for the peace, progress and Assembly from the Anglo-Indian Community.
good government of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands,
Lakshadweep, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and
Diu.
 In the case of Puducherry also, the President can
legislate by making regulations but only when the
assembly is suspended or dissolved.
3) Financial  Money bills can be introduced in the Parliament only
Power with his prior recommendation.
 He causes to be laid before the Parliament the annual
financial statement (ie, the Union Budget).
 No demand for a grant can be made except on his
recommendation.
 He can make advances out of the contingency fund of
India to meet any unforeseen expenditure.
 He constitutes a finance commission after every five
years to recommend the distribution of revenues
between the Centre and the states.
4)Judicial  He appoints the Chief Justice and the judges of Supreme  He can grant pardons, reprives, respites and remissions
Power Court and high courts. of punishment or suspend, remit and commute the
 He can seek advice from the Supreme Court on any sentence of any person convicted of any offence against
question of law or fact. However, the advice tendered any law relating to a matter to which the executive
by the Supreme Court is not binding on the President. power of the state extends.
 He can grant pardon, reprieve, respite and remission of  He is consulted by the president while appointing the
punishment, or suspend, remit or commute the judges of the concerned state high court.. He makes
sentence of any person convicted of any offence: appointments, postings and promotions of the district
(i) In all cases where the punishment or sentence is by a judges in consultation with the state high court.
court martial;  He also appoints persons to the judicial service of the
(ii) In all cases where the punishment or sentence is for an state (other than district judges) in consultation with
offence against a Union law; and the state high court and the State Public Service
(iii) In all cases where the sentence is a sentence of death. Commission
Diplomatic No Diplomatic Powers
Military No Miltary Powers
Emergency