HVDC TRANSMISSION

Time Allotted: 1HourFull Marks:30

Group A
1. Multiple choice questions 10x1=10

i. Which of the following fault is self-clearing a) DC line fault b) single commutation failure c) multiple commutation failure d)
arc back & arc through
ii. Bypass valve is mainly used to clear a) temporary faults that occur in valve bridges b) pole to pole fault at converter terminals c)
arc back and arc through in valves d) faults on DC side of the converters.
iii. Advantage of DC link for power transfer is a) easy controllability b) more economical c) it is an asynchronous tie d) less
insulation requirement.
iv. Commutation failure usually occurs in a) rectifiers b) inverters c) both inverters and rectifiers d) controllers
v. If pulse number is = p, and k is an integer, the voltage harmonic generated on the AC side is a) pk b) 2pk c) pk ± 1d) 2pk ± 1
vi. Filters used in 12pulse converters usually on the AC side are a) 5th, 7th and high pass b) 11th,13th and high pass c) 6th, 12th and high
pass d) only high pass filters.
vii. Harmonic filters are protected by a) overcurrent relays b) lightning arresters c) spark gaps d) none of the above.
viii. VDCOL controlling is done and is necessary when a) low voltage due to faults b) to regulate DC current depending on DC
voltage due to fault on AC side c) To regulate DC current under faults d) to regulate AC current under faults.
ix. Power reversal in DC link is done a) operating rectifier(α) close to 180° and inverter γ close to zero b) operating both α and γ
close to zero c) operating α at 90° and γ close to zero d) operating γ close to 90° and α near zero.
x. In a 12 pulse bridge , if one transfer Y-Y has turns ratio 1:1, the other transformer Y- Δ will have turns ratio a)1:1b) 1: √ 3 c) √ 3
:1 d) 1: √ 2
xi. In HVDC-VSC schemes filters are used a) only on the AC side b) only on the DC side c) both AC and DC side d) No filter is
needed.
xii. Most frequent type of fault in DC system is a) converter internal fault b) DC line fault c) commutation failure d) arc back & ac
through
xiii. A surge diverter is used across the DC CB to a) limit recovery voltage b) limit fault current c) absorb the arc energy d) all of the
above.
xiv. Valve group protection is done using a) overcurrent comparison b) differential protection c) current control limiter d) HRC fuses
in each group
xv. Extinction angle γ is optimized of Dc systems a) CC and CEA control is adopted b) α control, CC and CEA is adopted c) only
CEA control is adopted d) only CC control is adopted.
xvi. Control of DC power in a DC link is done by a) α control b) γ control c) transformer tap changing d) all of the above.
xvii. In a 2nd order or 3rd order filter, which of the components R,L or C are to be rated to full AC power frequency voltage? a)
Inductor b) Capacitors c) Resistors d) Both inductors and capacitors.
xviii. Converter transformer act as a source of generation of harmonics because of a) magnetostiction b) Nonlinear nature of B-H
curve of iron core c) Magnetizing current d) None of the above.
xix. In a 12 pulse converter, the phase difference between the two six pulse bridges is a) 0° b) 60° c) 30° d) 15°
xx. The principle of DC CB is a) forcing a current zero and extinguishing the arc b)Limit the arc voltage and absorb the arc energy
c) lengthening the arc and quenching it d) diverting the arc into another circuit.

Group B
Short answer type questions 5x2=10

2.Explain the necessity of VDCOL control used in HVDC system? What do you understand by extinction angle control? 3+2
3.What are the different types of converter faults? What is the importance of harmonics study?3+2