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Directions for Assertion & Reason questions
These questions consist of two statements each, printed as Assertion and Reason. While answering
these Questions you are required to choose any one of the following four responses.
A. If both Assertion & Reason are True & the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
B. If both Assertion & Reason are True but Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
C. If Assertion is True but the Reason is False.
D. If both Assertion & Reason are false.
1. Assertion : Solid CO2 is called dry ice. 12. Assertion : PH3 is more basic than NH3
Reason : It sublimes without melting Reason : Electronegativity of 'P' is more then 'N'.
2. Assertion : Liquid NH3 is used in refrigeration. 13. Assertion : Zeolite is dehydrating agent.
Reason : NH3 has lower dielectric constant
Reason : It is porous catalyst.
than H2O
14. Assertion : Lyophobic Sols are more stable
3. Assertion : Nit rogen does n ot f orm
than Lyophilic Sols.
pentahalide.
Reason : Lyophilic contains more solvation
Reason : Due to absence of 'd' orbital.
energy.
4. Assertion : Both Cl2 and SO2 are bleaching agents.
15. Assertion : BF3 is more stable than BCl3.
Reason : The bleaching action of Cl2 and SO2
is by oxidation process. Reason : Due to small size of 'F' atom.
5. Assertion : FCl3 does not exist. 16. Assertion : R4Si does not form silicones.
Reason : Fluorine contains vacant 'd' orbitals. Reason : Due to large size of Si than 'R'
6. Assertion : PbI4 is not stable. 17. Assertion : 'Cu' forms hydrogen gas with dil HCl
Reason : Due to large size and reducing Reason : Position of Cu below H in electro
nature of I– ion and inert pair effect. chemical series.
7. Assertion : Dry green leaf can be bleached by 18. Assertion : The purest form of Fe is steel.
Cl2 gas.
Reason : Percentage 'C' in steel is approx
Reason : Cl2 is bleaching agent. 3%.
8. Assertion : Generally Na + does not form
19. Assertion : Hypo is used in photography.
complex.
Reason : It is a strong non-complexing agent.
Reason : It does not contain vacant 'd' orbitals.
20. Assertion : ZnO is amphoteric.
9. Assertion : A Mg wire burns in the presense of
CO2. Reason : It react with both acid and base.
Reason : Mg acts as a reducing agent. 21. Assertion : Fluorine has a less electron affinity
10. Assertion : Comman salt turns moist during than chlorine.
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11. Assertion : 'Al' Can not be extracted by 22. Assertion : Ionic radius of Li + in aqueous
smelting process. medium is larger than Cs+.
Reason : It has less affinity for oxygen than Reason : Due to high charge density, degree of
carbon. hydration in Li+ is greater than Cs+.
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23. Assertion : Li and Mg shows diagonal 33. Assertion : On cooling, the brown colour of NO2
relationship. disappears.
Reason : Li and Mg are placed diagonal to Reason : On cooling NO2 forms dimer (N2O4)
each other in the periodic table. resulting in the pairing of odd
24. Assertion : Na+ and F– are isoelectronic but the electron in NO2
Na+ has more electron affinity than F– 34. Assertion : Water is liquid but H2S is a gas.
Reason : The magnitude of effective nuclear Reason : Molecular weight of H2O is higher
charge in the outer shell of Na+ is than H2S.
greater than F–
35. Assertion : C2 is paramagnetic.
25. Assertion : Helium is a p-block element.
Reason : The highest occupied molecular orbital
Reason : Last filling electron goes into p-
is of s(sigma)-type.
subshell.
26. Assertion : F2 act as stronger oxidising agent 36. Assertion : Ice is less dense than liquid water.
than O2. Reason : There are vacant spaces between,
Reason : Bond strength of F2 is greater than hydrogen bonded water molecules
O2. in ice.
27. Assertion : Successive IP of an element goes 37. Assertion : CO2 is a non polar molecule.
on increasing.
Reason : In the molecule C-O bond is
Reason : On removing succeding electrons nonpolar.
Zeff decreases.
38. Assertion : NO2 is bent molecule.
28. Assertion : Element having 3d10 4s1 configuration
is placed in s-block. Reason : It is sp2 hybridised, having repulsion
in between an unpaired e- and bond
Reason : Last filling electron enters into s-
pairs.
subshell.
29. Assertion : Potassium and argon are the 39. Assertion : Ortho and para-nitrophenol can be
anomalous pair in the Mendeleeve's seperated by steam distillation.
periodic table. Reason : O-nitrophenol have intramolecular
Reason : They are no t placed in the H-bonding while p-nitrophenol
increasing order of their atomic exists as associated molecules.
numbers. 40. Assertion : MgO has higher thermal stability
30. Assertion : NaOH can not be stored in the than Na2O.
vessel made of Al or Zn. Reason : MgO is more ionic than Na2O.
Reason : A protective layer of oxide is formed
41. Assertion : Spots of iron rusting can be removed
on the surface of the metal.
by addition of oxalic acid.
31. Assertion : BaSO4 is insoluble in water but, readily
Reason : Water soluble complex is formed
dissolves in solution of sodium salt of
EDTA. with oxalic acid.
Reason : Ba+2 forms a very stable complex 42. Assertion : Optical isomerism is not shown by
with the anion of the sodium salt square planar complex.
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45. Assertion : Rut hano cene is a p -bonded 55. Assertion : Internal energy change in a cyclic
organometallic complex. process is zero.
53. Assertion : A reaction which is spontaneous Reason : Zinc has higher reduction potential
and accompanied by decrease of than copper.
randomness must be exothermic. 62. Assertion : Sulphur dioxide and chlorine are
Reason : All exothermic reaction are both bleaching agents.
accompanied by decrease of Reason : Both are reducing agents.
E randomness.
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63. Assertion : Hydrogen peroxide acts only as 71. Assertion : The ratio by volume of
Oxidising agent. NH3 : HCl : NH4Cl is 1:1:1 in the
Reason : All peroxides beh ave as t he reaction
oxidising agent only. NH3 (g) + HCl(g) ¾® NH4Cl(s)
64. Assertion : Fe+2 has 24 electrons hence, its Reason : Gay Lussac's law deals with gaseous
electonic configuration is similar to reaction and solid product only.
that of Cr(24)[Ar]3d5 4s1 72. Assertion : The number of Oxygen atoms in
Reason : All the five unpaired electrons in 3d 16 g of Oxygen and 16 g of O3 are
gives stability to the ion. same.
65. Assertion : Electronic configuration of K(19) is Reason : Each of these species represent
1s2 ,2s2, 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s1. 1g atom of Oxygen.
73. Assertion : The equation PV=nRT does not
Reason : Energy of 4s < 3d hence, 4s is filled
before 3d as decided by Aufbau applicable to real gas.
rule. Reason : For real gases the attractive forces
between the molecules can not be
66. Assertion : In an atom, the energy of the
neglected.
electron decreases as the value of
n increases. 74. Assertion : Helium shows on ly posit ive
deviation from ideal behaviour.
Reason : In an atom, the energy of electron
Reason : Helium is chemically inert noble
1 gas.
E µ- 2
n 75. Assertion : In CsCl crystal, the co-ordination
number of Cs+ ions is 6.
67. Assertion : Total spin of 2p4 electrons must be 1.
Reason : Cl – ions in CsCl adopt B.C.C
1 arrangement.
Reason : Total spin = × no. of unpaired
2 76. Assertion : In third energy level there is no
electrons. f-subshell.
68. Assertion : Heat of neutralization of HF(aq). Reason : For n=3, the possible value of l are
with N aOH(aq.) is less th an 0,1 and 2.
13.7Kcal. 77. Assertion : Size of the nucleus is very small as
Reason : Some heat is lost in the ionisation compared with size of the atom.
of a weak acid. Reason : Almost all the mass of the atom is
concentrated in the nucleus.
69. Assertion : In the following reaction.
78. Assertion : Isotopes of an element have almost
C(s)+O2(g)®CO2(g); DH=DE–RT
similar chemical properties.
Reason : DH is related to DE by equation. Reason : Isotopes have same electronic
DH = DE + Dng RT configuration.
70. Assertion : As temperature increases, heat of 79. Assertion : The orbital angular momentum of
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80. Assertion : The chemical reaction, 91. Assertion : Molarity of 0.02N solution of HNO3
3H2(g) + N2 (g) ¾® 2NH3(g) is 0.02 M.
is exothermic. Reason : Molarity and normality of a solution
Reason : The process passes into equilibrium are always equal for any acid.
state when DG becomes zero. 92. Assertion : 0.02m solutions of urea and
81. Assertion : DH° = S(DfH°)P - S(DfH°)R sucrose will freeze at same temp.
Reason : DH of the reaction does not change Reason : Freezing point of solution decreases
with changes in temperature of the with increase the concentration of
reaction. solution.
82. Assertion : Both DHcyclic and DEcyclic are equal 93. Assertion : Re lative lowering of vapo ur
to zero. pressure is equal to mole fraction
Reason : Cyclic process is another name of of the solvent.
reversible process. Reason : Re lative lowering of vapo ur
83. Assertion : Kp is related to Kc by the relation pressur e is not a colligati ve
Kp= Kc (RT)Dng property.
Reason : Kp has same dimensions as Kc 94. Assertion : In the reaction ,
84. Assertion : For the reaction,
1
N2(g) + O2(g) 2NO(g), increase in O + F2 ® OF2, F2 is oxidant.
2 2
pressure at equilibrium has no effect Reason : Fluorine cannot show positive
on the reaction. oxidation state.
Reason : The reaction is not accompanied by
95. Assertion : Conductivity of 0.1 M NH4OH
any change in number of moles of
solutio n is less th an t hat of
gaseous species.
0.001 M NH4OH solution.
85. Assertion : For a sparingly soluble salt, Ksp is
the maximum value of ionic product Reason : Dilution increases the degree of
of ions in a saturated solution. ionization of NH4OH.
Reason : Ksp corresponds to the ionic 96. Assertion : CuSO4 solution can not be stored
product of the salt in a saturated in iron vesel.
solution. Reason : Cu atoms are oxidised by iron ions.
86. Assertion : pH of 10–3 M HCl is equal to 3 97. Assertion : Electrolysis of molten KCl produces
Reason : HCl being a strong acid is Cl2 at anode.
completely ionized.
Reason : Electrode where reduction occurs is
87. Assertion : pH of a buffer solution does not
reffered to as cathode.
change on dilution.
98. Assertion : Solution of gum in water is a
Reason : On dilution the ratio of
concentration of salt and acid (or lyophilic sol.
bose) remains unchanged. Reason : Solution of gum in water is an
88. Assertion : An aqueous solution of NH4NO3 is irreversible sol.
acidic in character. 99. Assertion : The equilibrium constant for the
Reason : NH4NO3 in an aqueous solution. reaction
undergoes anionic hydrolysis. CaSO4 .5H2O(s) CaSO4 . 3H2O(s) + 2H2O(g) is
89. Assertion : For zero order reaction, the rate vs
time graph is a straight lineparallel [CaSO 4 .3H2 O][H2 O]2
Kc =
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116. Assertion : If water is heated to 350 K, pOH 126. Assertion : AgCN+KCN ¾® K[(Ag(CN)2]
will decrease. In this reaction Ag undergoes
Reason : Kw (io nic product of water) oxidation.
increases with increase in Reason : Increment in oxidation number is
temperature. called Oxidation.
117. Assertion : NaCl solution in water will have 127. Assertion : 1- Butene on reaction with HBr in
higher pH than aqueous solution of the presence of a peroxide pro-
Na2CO3. duces 1-bromo butane.
Reason : NaCl hydrolyses to give HCl. Reason : It involves the formation of a
118. Assertion : Electrolysis of hard water produces primary radical
O2 and D2 . 128. Assertion : Alkanes containing more than three
Reason : Heavy hydrogen is called protium. carbon atoms exhibi t chain
isomerism.
119. Assertion : In a reaction of H2O2 and Na2CO3,
hydrogen peroxide acts as an acid. Reason : All the carbon atoms in alkanes are
sp2 hybridised.
Reason : H2O2 cannot act as acid.
129. Assertion : Althou gh F has mo re
120. Assertion : In the electrolytic reduction of
electronegativity than Cl; yet p-
alumina, cryolite is added to it.
fluoro benzoic acid is a weaker acid
Reason : Cryolite dissolves alumina readily than p-chloro benzoic acid.
and decrease fusion temperaute. Reason : Due to matching size of 2p- orbital
121. Assertion : Electrolysis of molten Calcium of F and C, F has a stronger +R
hydride produce hydrogen gas at effect than Cl.
anode. 130. Assertion : C2H 5OH is a weaker acid than
Reason : Hydrogen in Calcium hydride is phenol but it is stronger nucleophile
present as H– ion. than phenol.
Reason : In phenol, the lone pair of electron on
122. Assertion : Absolute value of E0red of an
oxygen are localized.
electrode cannot be determined.
131. Assertion : Reaction of CH3OH with phenyl
Reason : Neither oxidation nor reduction can magnesium bromide gives benzene.
take place alone. Reason : CH 3OH is a stronger acid than
123. Assertion : Alkali metal can be extracted from benzene.
the electrolysis of aqueous solution
132. Assertion : Melting point of neopentane is higher
of their halide.
than that of n-pentane but the boiling
Reason : Alkali metal reacts with water to
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133. Assertion : Pyrrole is less basic than pyridine. 144. Assertion : Benzene and Cl 2 react in the
Reason : In pyrrole, the nitrogen atom is sp2 presence of light to give BHC.
hybridized. Reason : BHC is also called gammexene or
134. Assertion : Ethyl acetate is more reactive than 666.
acetamide towards nucleophilic 145. Assertion : The nitrating reagent for carrying
substitution reaction out nitration of benzene contains
conc. H2SO4, and conc. HNO3.
Reason : More positive charge on carbonyl
carbon in ethyl acetate than Reason : In the presence of conc. H2SO4,
acetamide. HNO3 acts as a base and produces
Å
135. Assertion : Propene reacts with perbenzoic acid N O2 ions.
to produce 1, 2-epoxy propane.
146. Assertion : Glyptal is a polymer of phthalic acid
Reason : In this reaction propene acts as a
and ethylene glycol.
nucleophile.
Reason : Glyptal is a homopolymer.
136. Assertion : Cyclopropane and propene both gives
147. Assertion : A solution of table salt in water is
addition reactions readily.
homogeneous.
Reason : Both are isomers of each other.
Reason : Solution having same composition
137. Assertion : Acetylene reacts with sodamide to
throughout is heterogeneous.
evolve NH3 gas.
148. Assertion : The terms empirical formula and
Reason : Acetylene is a weaker acid than molecular formula bear the same
ammonia. meaning.
138. Assertion : Isocyanides are prepared by carbyl Reason : Molecular formula of a compound
amine reaction. defines the relative number of
Reason : Carbyl amines on reduction always constituent atom in the simplest
give 2° amines. ratio.
139. Assertion : Benzene readily undergoes electrophilic 149. Assertion : The molecular weight of Oxygen is
substitution reaction 32 amu.
Reason : The reaction is unionic. 167. Assertion : Benzaldehyde is less reactive than
158. Assertion : For the first order reaction half-life acetaldehyde towards nucleophiles
period is expressed as Reason : Be nzaldehyde is h eter ocylic
2.303 compound.
t (1 / 2)= log2
K
168. Assertion : HCHO undergoes Cannizzaro
Reason : The half-life time of a first order
reaction.
reaction is not always constant and
it depends upo n t he i nitial Reason : It has a- hydrogen.
concentration of reactants. 169. Assertion : Formic acid reacts with HgCl2
159. Assertion : Co mbustion of carbon is Reason : It has a carboxylic acid group.
exothermic, but coal stored in a coal
170. Assertion : In order to convert R—Cl to pure
depot does not burn automatically.
R—NH2 Gabriel phthalimide synthesis
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173. Assertion : During acid catalysed esterification Reason : Nitro group at benzene ring lower
th e electr on dens ity at t he
Oxygen atom of alcohol is present in
m-position only.
ester molecule.
183. Assertion : In isoc yani de t est, the alkyl
Reason : Est erif ication is a reversible isocyanide are converted into 1°-
reaction. amine.
174. Assertion : Anisole undergoes electrophilic Reason : Alkyl isocyanide is an isomer of 1°-
substitution at o- and p- positions. amine.
Reason : Anisole is aromatic compound. 184. Assertion : Tertiary amines give alkanes with
alkyl magnisium halide.
175. Assertion : 2-Pentanol and 3-Pentanol cannot
Reason : Tertiary amines contain active -H
be distinguished by iodoform test.
185. Assertion : Phenol generally does not show
Reason : 2-Pentanol and 3-Pentanol both are protonation reaction.
primary alcohols. Reason : Lone pair of electrons in phenol is
176. Assertion : In formaldehyde, all the four atoms stable by resonance.
are in the same plane. 186. Assertion : Heterolytic fission involves the breaking
Reason : The carbon atom in formaldehyde is of a covalent bond in such a way that
sp2- hybridised. both the electrons of the shared pair
are carried away by one of the atoms.
177. Assertion : a-Hydrogen atoms in aldehyde and
Reason : Heterolytic fission occurs readily in
ketones are acidic.
polar covalent bonds.
Reason : Anion formed after loss of a- 187. Assertion : Cyclohexanone exhibits keto-enol
hydrogens are stabilized due to its tautomerism.
+I effect. Reason : For cyclohexanone, one form
178. Assertion : Ethers behave as bases in the contains the keto group (C=O)
presence of acids. while other contains enolic group
(-C=C-OH).
Reason : This is due to the presence of lone
pairs of electrons on oxygen. 188. Assertion : Staggered form is less stable than
the eclipsed form.
179. Assertion : At the isoelectric point of an amino
acid it does not migrate under the Reason : The conformation in which the bond
influence of an electric field. pairs of two central atoms are very far
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Reason : An amino acid at the isoelectric point from one another is called staggered
exists as a zwitter ion whose net charge form.
is zero.
189. Assertion : Carbon-oxygen bonds are of equal
180. Assertion : The main product of reaction of
length in carbonate ion.
silver nitrite with ethyl bromide is
nitroethane. Reason : Bond length decreases with the
Reason : Silver nitrite is ionic compound. multiplicity of bond between two
atoms.
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190. Assertion : Isobutane on oxidation with KMnO4 197. Assertion : Aryl halides undergo electrophilic
gives tert-butyl alcohol. substitutions more readily than
benzene.
Reason : Generally oxidising agents have no
effect on alkanes. Reason : Aryl halide gives a mixture of o-and
p-products.
191. Assertion : 2-Butanol on heating with H2SO4
gives major product as 2-butene. 198. Assertion : Addition of Br2 to cis-but-2-ene gives
racemic mixture.
Reason : Dehydration of 2-butanol takes
place according to Saytzeff rule. Reason : It is electrophilic addition reaction.
192. Assertion : Pro pene reacts with HBr in 199. Assertion : Nucleophilic substitution reaction on
presence of benzoyl peroxide to an optically active alkyl halide gives
yield 2-bromopropane. a mixture of enantiomers.
193. Assertion : Benzene is used as a solvent for the 200. Assertion : Propanol undergoes acid catalysed
Friedel Craft's alkylation of dehydration readily than tert butyl
nitrobenzene. alcohol .
Reason : CH3CH2l react slowly with strong Reason : Good yields of ethers are obtained
base as compare to CD3CH2l. when tert-alkyl halides are treated
with alkoxides.
CH3
203. Assertion : Ammonolysis of alkyl halides
196. Assertion : Cl is less reactive than involves the reaction between alkyl
halides and alcoholic ammonia.
Cl Reason : Reaction can be used to prepare
towards S N1 reactions. only 2° amines.
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205. Assertion : In water, orthoboric acid behaves as 214. Assertion : Allyl and benzyl carbocations are
a weak monobasic acid. stable than propyl carbocations.
Reason : In water, orthoboric acid acts as a Reason : Electron releasing groups stabilize
proton donor. carbocations.
206. Assertion : p-Hydroxybenzoic acid has a lower 215. Assertion : Chirality is the essential condition
boiling point than o-hydroxybenzoic for a molecule to be optically active.
acid. Reason : Chiral molecules can rotate the
Reason : o-Hydroxybenzoic acid has plane polarised light in clock wise
intermolecular hydrogen bonding. or anti clock wise direction.
207. Assertion : Boron always forms covalent bond. 216. Assertion : Structural isomers have different
Reason : The small size of B 3+ favours physical and chemical properties.
formation of covalent bond. Reason : Structral isomers have different
208. Assertion : Glucose gives a reddish-brown skelton of s covalent bonds so have
precipitate with Fehling's solution. different stability and polarity which
affect the chemical and physical
Reason : Reaction of glucose with Fehling's
properties of the compounds.
solution gives CuO and gluconic
acid. 217. Assertion : cis and trans –2–Butene have
different boiling point.
209. Assertion : Band gap in germanium is small.
Reason : The energy spread of each Reason : Geometrical isomers have different
polarities so have different physical
germanium atomic energy level is
properties.
infinitesimally small.
210. Assertion : Alkali metals dissolve in liquid
Br Br
ammonia to give blue solutions.
Reason : Alkali metals in liquid ammonia give
so lvated s pecies o f th e ty pe 218. Assertion : and
[M(NH3)n]+ (M = alkali metals). Br Br
211. Assertion : Molecules that are not
superimposable on their mirror are stereoisomers.
images are chiral. Reason : Stereoisomers have different
Reason : All chiral molecules have chiral orientation of group in space.
carbons.
219. Assertion : Corey-House reaction can be used
212. Assertion : Glycerol is purifield by distillation to prepare both symmetrical and
under reduced pressure. unsymmetrical alkanes.
Reason : Organic compounds in liquid state Reason : The reactio n involves t he
are purified by distillation. interaction between lithium dialkyl
213. Assertion : Polarisation of one s bond caused copper with an alkyl halide both of
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237. Assertion : In the third group of qualitative 245. Assertion : To precipitate the cations of fourth
analysis, NH4OH is added in NH4Cl group in qualitative analysis,
medium. medium is made alkaline before
Reason : This is to convert the ions of group passing H2S gas.
into their respective chlorides. Reason : This is done to suppress the
238. Assertion : The pKa of a weak acid becomes ionisation of H2S.
equal to pH of the solution at the 246. Assertion : The rate of the reaction is the rate
midpoint of its titration. of change of concentration of a
Reason : The molar concentrations of proton reactant or a product per unit time.
acceptor and proton donor become Reason : Rate of reaction remains constant
equal at the midpoint of titration of during the complete reaction.
a weak acid. 247. Assertion : If in a zero order reaction , the
239. Assertion : The order of the reaction concentration of the reactant is
CH3 COOC2H5 + H2O ® CH3 COOH + C2H5OH doubled, the half-life period is also
is 2. doubled.
Reason : The molecularity of this reaction Reason : For a zero order reaction, the rate
is 2. of reaction is independent of initial
240. Assertion : Many endothermic reactions that concentration.
are not spontaneous at room 248. Assertion : A process is called adiabatic if the
temperature become spontaneous system does not exchange heat with
at high temperature. the surroundings.
Reason : Entropy of the system increases Reason : It does not involve increase or
with increase in temperature. decrease in temperature of the
241. Assertion : The molality of the solution does system.
not change with change in 249. Assertion : Molar heat capacity of a substance
temperature. is the quantity of heat required to
Reason : The molality is expressed in unit of raise the temperature of one gram
moles per 1000 gm of solvent. mass of a substance by one degree
242. Assertion : In diffusion the flow of solvent celcius.
molecules occur in one direction Reason : Molar heat capacity of solids are
only th rough semiper meable approximately equal to one
membrane. another.
Reason : In osmosis the flow of solvent 250. Assertion : For the combustion reactions, the
molecules occur in both directions value of DH is always negative.
through semipermeable membrane. Reason : The combustion reactions are
243. Assertion : Mixture of CH 3 CO OH and always endothermic.
CH 3COONH4 is an example of 251. Assertion : The dissolution of gases in water
acidic buffer. proceed with negative value of DS.
Reason : Acidic buffer contains equimolar Reason : The dissolution of gases in water
mixture of weak acid and its salt
always an endothermic process.
with weak base.
252. Assertion : Heat of neutralisation of perchloric
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244. Assertion : Ice water, if pressure is acid, (HClO4) with NaOH is same
applied water will freeze. as that of HCl with NaOH .
Reason : Increase of pressure pushed the Reason : Both HCl and HClO4 are strong
equilibrium towards the side in acids.
which number of gaseous mole
decreases.
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253. Assertion : If an aqueous solution of NaCl is 261. Assertion : CIF3 molecule is isoelectronic with
SF4 but its shape is T-shaped.
electrolysed, the product obtained
Reason : Five electron pairs present in SF4
at the cathode is H2 gas and not Na.
in total consist of two lps and three
Reason : Gases are liberated faster than the bps.
metals. 262. Assertion : In change from PCl3 ® PCl5, the
254. Assertion : In corrosion, a metal is reduced by hybrid state of P remain same.
gain of electrons. Reason : d-orbitals are not available for P to
expand its octet.
Reason : Corrosion does not coat the surfaces
263. Assertion : The oxygen-oxygen bonds in the O3
of metallic objects with oxides.
molecule are intermediate between
255. Assertion : The conductivity of solutions of a single and double bond.
different electrolytes in the same Reason : Resonance averages the bond
solvent and at a given temperature characteristic as whole.
is same 264. Assertion : In H CIO 4 , chlo rin e h as t he
oxidation number of +4.
Reason : The conductivity depends on the
Reason : HCIO4 (perchloric acid) has two
charge and size of the ions in which
peroxide linkages.
they dissociate, the concentration of
265. Assertion : Oxidation state of nitrogen in N3H
ions or ease with which the ions is +3.
move under potential gradient. Reason : Nitrogen is more electronegative
256. Assertion : One mole of NaCl co ntains than hydrogen
6.023 × 1023 molecules of NaCl. 266. Assertion : Bromide ion is serving as a reducing
agent in a reaction.
Reason : 58.5g of NaCl also contains
6.023 × 1023 molecules of NaCl. 2MnO4- (aq) + Br–(aq) + H2O.(I) ®
257. Assertion : Ionization enthalpy is the energy 2MnO2(aq) + BrO3- (aq) + 2OH– (aq)
released to remove an electron from
Reason : Oxidation number of Br increases
an isolated gaseous atom in its from –1 to 5.
ground state. 267. Assertion : Salt like KCl, KNO 3 i.e. inert
Reason : Every element has a tendency to electrolytes are used in salt bridge.
lose the electron to attain the stable Reason : An inert electrolyte can easily be
configuration. filled in the U-tube.
258. Assertion : More is the electron affinity greater 268. Assertion : Aluminium metal is used as a
is the reducing character. reducing agent in the extraction of
chromium.
Reason : Reducing character depends on
Reason : Copper pyrite is an ore of copper.
number of electrons gained.
269. Assertion : Leaching is a process of reduction.
259. Assertion : Pro pert ies of atom and its
corresponding ions remain same. Reason : Leaching involves treatment of the
ore with a suitable reagent so as to
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279. Assertion : Among nitrogen halides NX3, the 289. Assertion : All the octahedral complexes of Ni2+
dipole moment is highest for NI3 must be outer orbital complexes.
and lowest for NF3.
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291. Assertion : K2SO4 . Al2(SO4)3 is not a complex 305. Assertion : He is a p - block element.
compound.
Reason : He is smallest in group.
Reason : It gives individual test of constituents
306. Assertion : Fe+3 gives H2 with HCl.
ions.
292. Assertion : CrCl3.6H2O gives white ppt with Reason : Fe+3 is above H in ECS.
AgNO3. 307. Assertion : Bond Energy of O–D is more than
Reason : It contains free chloride ion. O–H.
293. Assertion : CaCO 3 i s an or gan omet allic Reason : D is isotope of H.
compound.
308. Assertion : H2O2 is more acidic than H2O .
Reason : Ca is a s-Block metal.
Reason : H2O2 is half open book like but H2O
294. Assertion : Square planer complex Mabcd has
is planer.
three geomtrical isomers.
309. Assertion : Dielectric constant of D2O is more
Reason : It is an optically inactive.
than H2O.
295. Assertion : NF3 is a weaker ligand than NH3.
Reason : D2O is heavier than H2O.
Reason : Strong - I effect of Flourine.
310. Assertion : H2O2 can be prepared by KO2 &
296. Assertion : CCl4 is neither lewis acid nor lewis
H2SO4.
base.
Reason : KO2 is superoxide.
Reason : It is non planer.
311. Assertion : BCl3 is more acidic than AlCl3.
297. Assertion : NaCl is soluble in water
Reason : In NaCl U > H Reason : BCl3 contain back donation.
298. Assertion : Melting point of Li is highest in 312. Assertion : Bond energy of O–H is greater than
group. S–H.
Reason : Li is the smallest in group. Reason : S–H has more size difference.
299. Assertion : FI3 does not exist. 313. Assertion : CCl4 can not be hydrolysed but BCl3
Reason : Large size of I atom. hydrolyse.
300. Assertion : NO & N2O are neutral. Reason : CCl4 has no vacant 'd' orbital.
Reason : NO & NO 2 are inorgan ic 314. Assertion : Tl+ is more stable than Tl+3 .
compounds. Reason : Tl contains inert pair effect.
301. Assertion : Be is not alkaline earth metal. 315. Assertion : Borazole is called an inorganic
benzene.
Reason : Be is Amphoteric.
Reason : Borazole is planer, like benzene.
302. Assertion : EN of F is the lowest in group.
316. Assertion : Density of K is more than Na.
Reason : F has more Zeff.
Reason : K has more mass than Na.
303. Assertion : IP of B is more than Be.
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319. Assertion : Na does not form super oxide. 331. Assertion : The vander Waal's gas constants 'a'
and 'b' are depend on nature of
Reason : Absence of vacant 'd' orbital in Na.
gases.
320. Assertion : Na4C is not possible but Li4C is Reason : Volume of ideal gas is less than the
possible. volume of real gas.
Reason : Na+ is larger than Li+ . 332. Assertion : Universal gas constant does not
depend upo n the unit of
321. Assertion : Ag2S can not be concentrated by
measurment.
froth floation process.
Reason : Graham's diffusion law is applicable
Reason : Lumpes of Ag is settle down with for reacting gases.
impurities. 333. Assertion : The pressure of a fixed amount of an
322. Assertion : Ag2O gives Ag & O2 on heating. ideal gas is proportional to its
temperature.
Reason : Due to low oxigen effinity Ag2O is
Reason : Frequency of collisions does not
more oxidising metal oxide.
increase with temperature.
323. Assertion : ZnO is an amphoteric.
334. Assertion : The unit of 'a' in vander Waal's
Reason : Zn react with acid as well as base. equation is atm L2 mol–2.
324. Assertion : Hg is liquid at room temp. Reason : At relatively high pressure vander
Waal's equa tion reduces to
Reason : Hg is the smallest in group.
PVm = RT + Pb
325. Assertion : Na2CO 3 gives Na2O & CO 2 on 335. Assertion : The p-orbital is dumb-bell shaped.
heating.
Reason : Electrons present in p-orbital can
Reason : Na2CO3 is more covalent. have any one of the three values of
326. Assertion : 32 g of O2 and 48 g of O3 have magnetic quantum number i.e.,
+1, 0, –1.
same number of atoms.
336. Assertion : Energy of 3d-orbital is more than
Reason : Number of moles of O2 and O3 are
4s-orbital for multi-electron species.
different.
Reason : Orbital energy is calculated by (n+l)
327. Assertion : At STP 64g of SO2 and 80g of SO3 rule.
will occupy same volume.
337. Assertion : Most of the a - particles striking gold
Reason : At STP 1 mol of any ideal gas foil in Rutherford's experiment were
occupies 22.4 litre. deflected.
328. Assertion : In the reaction A + 2B ¾® C + 2D Reason : The size of nucleus is very small as
1 gram equivalent of A reacts with compared to the size of atom.
2 gram equivalent of B.
338. Assertion : 2p-orbitals do not have any spherical
Reason : Reactants react according to
node.
different equivalent.
329. Assertion : 35 g and 35.0 g both have two Reason : The number of spherical nodes in
significant figure. p-orbitals is given (n–2), where n is
Reason : Zeros are never sigificant. principal quantum number.
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330. Assertion : Dalton's law of partial pressure is 339. Assertion : KMnO4 acts as oxidant only.
not applicable for reactive gases.
Reason : Mn is in its highest oxidation state.
Reason : The average kinetic energy of a gas
340. Assertion : When Zn strip is added to a solution
is directly proportional to the
of CuSO4, blue colour of CuSO4
absolute temp.
disappears.
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351. Assertion : There is no effect of pressure on
Reason : Zn reduces Cu 2( aq+ ) to Cu (+aq ) ions.
the dissociation equilibrium.
341. Assertion : Both KMnO4, KClO4 act as oxidant Reason : High pressure favours that reaction
only while HNO2, HNO3 act as in which number of moles increases.
reductant only. 352. Assertion : At high pressure melting of ice is
favoured.
Reason : In these molecules central atom is
Reason : Density of ice is less than water.
in its highest oxidation state.
353. Assertion : Mixing of inert gas at constant
342. Assertion : In H2SO5, O.N. of S is +6. volume does not effect the
equilibrium.
Reason : There is one peroxide linkage.
Reason : At constant volume concentration of
343. Assertion : HClO4 is a stronger acid than HClO3. reactant and product remain
Reason : Oxidation state of Cl in HClO4 is +7 unchanged.
and in HClO3 +5. 354. Assertion : 0.1 M NaCN + 0.05 MHCl solution
on mixing in equal volume forms a
344. Assertion : Decrease in Gibb's free energy
buffer solution.
causes spontaneous reaction.
Reason : The solution is a mixture of salt and
Reason : Spo ntaneous reactio ns are acid, thus acts as a buffer.
invariably exothermic. 355. Assertion : The pH of pure water is less than 7
345. Assertion : Heat of neutralization of HF is more at 60° C.
than that of HCl. Reason : As the temperature increases, pure
water becomes slightly acidic.
Reason : HCl is stronger acid than HF.
356. Assertion : Heat of neutralization of CH3COOH
346. Assertion : Standard enthalpy of formation of vs NaOH is numerically less than
diamond is taken as zero. 57.1 kJ/eq.
Reason : In its most stable form the standard Reason : Some heat is used to ionise weak
acetic acid.
enthalpy of formation is taken as
zero. 357. Assertion : If a solution with pH = 3 is diluted
to double the volume, then pH of
347. Assertion : Hess's law is an extension of I law of the solution will fall to 2.699
thermodynamics. Reason : pH is inversely proportional to the
Reason : It is used to calculate the energy of volume of the solution.
st eps which are practically 358. Assertion : Addition of NaCN to a saturated
impossible. solution of AgCN increases the
348. Assertion : Conversion of N 2 to NO is solubility of AgCN.
endothermic. Reason : NaCN produces common ion effect
when added to a saturated solution
Reason : NºN bond is very strong and so has
of AgCN.
high bond energy.
359. Assertion : Amorphous solids are isotropic.
349. Assertion : Dissolution of CaO is disfavoured Reason : Amorphous solids lack a regular
at high temperature. three dimensional arrangement of
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361. Assertion : In NaCl structure, Na+ ions occupy 369. Assertion : Hydrolysis of ethyl acetate in acidic
–
octahedral holes and Cl ions occupy medium is pseudo unimolecular first
CCP. order reaction.
Reason : The distance between nearest H Å
Reason : CH 3COOC2H5 + H 2O ¾¾¾ ®
neighbours in NaCl structure is
CH3COOH + C2H5OH.
a/2 where a is the edge length of
water does not take part in this
the cube.
reaction
362. Assertion : Crystalline solids exhibit long range
370. Assertion : Fraction of total molecules having
order.
energy equal to or greater than
Reason : Crystalline solids have irregular
arrangement of particles. K
activation energy = = e - Ea / RT
363. Assertion : Strength and Normality are two A
different methods of expressing the Reason : Activation energy of a given
concentration of a solution. chemical reaction is always constant
Reason : Streng th i s always equal to at a given temperature.
normality of a solution. 371. Assertion : Temperature coefficient of the
364. Assertion : If 100 cc of 0.1 N HCl is mixed reaction lie between 2 to 3.
with 100 CC of 0.2 N HCl, the Reason : The rate of a reaction increase
normality of the final solution will between 2 to 3 times by 10°C rise
be 0.30. in temperature.
Reason : Normality of Similar solution like 372. Assertion : In first order reaction successive half
HCl can be added lives are equal.
365. Assertion : NaCl in water and organic acids in Reason : Half life of first order reaction does
benzene show abnormal molecular not depend on initial concentration
mass. of reactants.
Reason : Abn ormal mo lecu lar mass is 373. Assertion : 1 Faraday char ge liberates
obtained when the substance in the 5.6 litre O2 at S.T.P., during the
solution undergoes dissociation or electrolysis of water.
association. Reason : Equivalent volume of O2 is 11.2 litre
366. Assertion : The boiling point of 0.1 m urea solution at S.T.P.
is less than that of 0.1 m KCl solution.
374. Assertion : Lead storage battery is a secondary
Reason : Elevation of boiling point is directly
cell.
proportional to the number of
Reason : It works as galvanic cell while
solute species present in the
solution. discharging and electrolytic cell
while recharging.
367. Assertion : If a liquid solute more volatile than
the solvent, is added to the solvent, 375. Assertion : In electrolysis the quantity of
the vapour pressure of the solution electricity needed for depositing
should increases i.e. PS >P°solvent. 1 mole of silver is different from that
Reason : In the presence of a more volatile required for 1 mole of copper.
liquid solute, only the solute will Reason : The atomic weights of silver and
form the vapours and solvent will copper are different.
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not.
376. Assertion : According to Kohlrausch's law, the
368. Assertion : In a multistep reactio n, t he molar conductance of a strong
molecularity of over all reaction has electrolyle at infinite dilution is sum
no significance.
of molar conductances of its ions.
Reason : In multistep reaction molecularity
Reason : The current carried by cation and
refers to the molecularity of rate
anion in always equal.
determining step.
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377. Assertion : For the daniell cell, 386. Assertion : Ethanolic brine water on electrolysis
Zn | Zn +2
|| Cu | Cu
+2 given chloroform as a major product.
with E°Cell = 1.1 volt, the application Reason : All primary alcohol gives haloform
of opposite potential greater than test.
1.1 volt, results into flow of
electrons from cathode to anode. 387. Assertion : SN 2 reactions lead to Walden
inversion.
Reason : Zn is deposited at anode and cu is
dissolved at cathode. Reason : During tranisition state formation
378. Assertion : Monochlorination of Iso pentane nu cleo phile at tacks th e si de
gives tertiary product as a major opposite to that where halide is
product. attached.
Reason : Selectivity of chlorination is less than 388. Assertion : Acetyl chloride is more reactive
that of bromination. than et hyl acetate towards
379. Assertion : CH3–CºCH CH3 CH = CH2 nucleophilc substitution reaction.
(Major )
Reason : Leaving ability of Cl– is more than
Reason : Birch reduction is completed via
carbocation intermediate. that of OC2 H5 group.
380. Assertion : Cis-alkene on reaction with alkaline 389. Assertion : Anisole gives iodo benzene and
KMnO4 (1%) gives Meso compound.
methyl alcohol on reaction with HI.
Reason : Meso form is optically inactive due
Reason : Reaction with HI, the larger iodine
to internal compensation .
always remains with small group.
I
CCl 4 390. Assertion : Formic acid reduce tollen's reagent.
381. Assertion : R–CºCH + I2 R – C = CH
(Excess) (Major)
I Reason : Tollen's reagent is Ammonical silver
nitrate containing few drops of
Reason : Due to large size of iodine only
alkali.
diiodo product with alkyne is
formed. 391. Assertion : Phenoxide ion is more reactive for
382. Assertion : Rate of halogenation of benzene is electrophilic substitution reaction than
equal to deutero benzene. phenol.
Reason : C–H bond Energy is less than that Reason : O– have +I and + M effect where
of C–D bond Energy. as –OH group have – I and +M
383. Assertion : ter -but yl chloride pref erably effect.
undergo hydrolysis by SN 1 392. Assertion : Boilng point of tert - butyl alcohol is
mechanism. more than that of n-butyl alcohol.
Reason : SN1 mechanism completed in two Reason : Bo ilin g point increase s with
steps. branching.
384. Assertion : CHCl3 more acidic than that of 393. Assertion : m-dinitro benzene on reduction
CHF3. with ammonium sulphide gives m-
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phenylene diamine.
Reason : CCl Q3 is stablised by back bonding.
Reason : (NH4)2S is strong reducing agent.
385. Assertion : Aryl ha lide easily unde rgo 394. Assertion : Dimethyl amine is stronger base
nucleophilic substitution reaction. than that of trimethyl amine in
Reason : Due to part ial double bond aqueous medium.
character nucleophilic substitution Reason : In tertiary amine inductive effect is
reaction becomes easier. more than that of secondary amine.
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395. Assertion : 2- methyl-2-nitro propane is 397. Assertion : Nitration of aniline gives m- nitro
insoluble in NaOH. aniline as one of the major product.
Reason : Nitro group is strong deactivating Reason : Aniline gives anilinium ion in acidic
and meta-directing group. medium which is metadirecting
396. Assertion : Total possible structural amine of (strong deactivating in nature).
C4H11N are eight.
Reason : Primary secondary and tertiary
amine are functional isomer to each
other.
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ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. A B A C C A D C B A C D B D B
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. C D D C A B A B A D C C D C C
Que. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
Ans. A A A C D A C A A C A A C B A
Que. 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Ans. A A B A D A B C B A D B A A A
Que. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75
Ans. C C D D A D D D D D D A A B D
Que. 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
Ans. A B A A B C C C A A A A C A A
Que. 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105
Ans. C B D B D C B C D D A C D C D
Que. 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
Ans. C D A C D A D B A A B D D C A
Que. 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135
Ans. A A D B A D C C A C B A B A A
Que. 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150
Ans. B C B B C C A C B A C C D A A
Que. 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165
Ans. C D C B B A D C A A C D D A C
Que. 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180
Ans. A C C B C A A B B D A C A A C
Que. 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195
Ans. D C D D A B B D B B A D D D C
Que. 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210
Ans. D D B A D A D C B C D A C B B
Que. 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225
Ans. C B B B A A A D A D B B C C D
Que. 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240
Ans. C D B B C D D D B B A C A D B
Que. 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255
Ans. B D D D C C B C D C C A C D D
Que. 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270
Ans. B D D D A D D A D D A C B D A
Que. 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285
Ans. D D C B B C A C B C B D B C B
Que. 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300
Ans. D A B B B A A D B A B C A B B
Que. 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315
Ans. A D D D D D B B D D C A A A B
Que. 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330
Ans. D D A C A A A A C D D A D D B
Que. 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345
Ans. C D C B B A D A A C D A B C B
Que. 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360
Ans. D C A A A D A A C C A D D A C
Que. 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375
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Ans. B C C D A A D B C B A A C A B
Que. 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390
Ans. D B D D B A B B A D C A A D B
Que. 391 392 393 394 395 396 397
Ans. A D D B B B A
E 23
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IMPORTANT NOTES
ALLEN
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