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Higher National Diploma in

HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT

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Table of Contents
Abstract............................................................................................................................................4

Introduction......................................................................................................................................5

Analyze the influence of culture, politics, and power on the behavior of others in an
organizational context......................................................................................................................6

Evaluate how to motivate individuals and teams to achieve a goal................................................9

Demonstrate an understanding of how to co-operate effectively with others...............................12

Apply concepts and philosophies of organizational behavior to a given business situation.........15

Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................16

References......................................................................................................................................17

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Abstract
In this report, the organizational systems of the LG company are discussed briefly. How LG
company influenced by culture, politics, and power is discussed. The motivational theories
needed in the LG company and their impact are showed in this report and included the
motivational techniques and models that are required for the LG company. The characteristics of
effective teams and ineffective teams and the reasons for failures of effective teams are briefly
demonstrated. The fundamental concepts and philosophies that are affected by the LG company
are evaluated.

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Introduction
The study of the behavior, culture, laws, etc. of the organization and the reaction of the
individual and the group is organizational behavior. Organizational behavior helps the individual
to make him fitted with the organization. It provides knowledge about the culture of an
organization and helps to learn the ways how to adjust to an organization. The leaders of the LG
can implement different leadership styles in the organization and also different philosophies in
the organization which makes the LG company’s environment and culture smoother and more
well-defined.

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Analyze the influence of culture, politics, and power on the behavior
of others in an organizational context.
An organization's trends or behaviors are depending on its culture. Organization’s rules,
regulations, laws, goals, objectives all are affected by the culture that builds in that organization.
It affects the organization's outcomes, functions, etc.[ CITATION jus14 \l 1033 ]

Types of Organizational Culture & their impact in the Organizations Performance:

 Creative Company Culture: This culture provides the opportunity for the employees to
express their creativity in the organization. The leaders of the LG can provide the
opportunity to think out of the box and that will increase the performance of the
employees as well as the team performance of the organization. This culture makes
employees more loyal and efficient in the organization.
 Collaborative Company Culture: This is the culture that mainly focuses on teamwork.
LG should make the environment in the organization which priority the team members
decision. This will increase the involvement of the employees to gain the goals
 Competitive Company Culture: This culture refers to achieve the goals or objectives of
the organization at any cost. For making this culture LG should more focus on individual

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 achievement than teamworking. This is a misleading culture in the organization which
sometimes take unethical activities to obtain the goals.
 Controlled Company Culture: It is a culture in which an organization making plans and
regulations for gaining the goals or objectives. For the sack of obtaining the goals, LG
can use controlled company culture and remove all the unbalanced of the organization
and ensured a smooth environment in the organization. In this culture no individual
achievements are done, all the activities are done to obtain the goals of the organization. [
CITATION Act19 \l 1033 ]

Impact of Politics in the Organization:

 The decrease in overall productivity: Politics makes employees dull in the workplace.
The employees who are interested in politics, he can not keep the attention in the
organization's activities. Ultimately, this will reduce the productivity of the LG.
 Affects Concentration: Because of the effect of politics, employees are losing their
concentration on the work and they try to spoil others. This will destroy the environment
of the LG company.
 Spoils the Ambience: The individual who related to politics are trying to make the
unwanted and negative situation in the organization. This will lead to a very
uncomfortable environment in the LG company.
 Changes the Attitude of employees: Because of the power of politics employees try to
change their attitudes. They become inactive in the work and they provide more focus on
politics. Their working mentality is changed totally because of politics.
 Demotivated Employees: The person who related to politics generally finds the extra
facilities without being active in the workplace. This factor is demotivated the active
employees in the organization.
 Wrong Information: Sometimes employees can be influenced by the different political
parties of the organization and provide misleading information in the organization. LG
will be misloaded by the wrong information. [ CITATION man19 \l 1033 ]

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Impact of Power in the Organization:

To influence or persuade others to complete any tasks by them is referred to as power. Power is a
must needed element for every organization. Power can be used positively as well as negatively
because that power has a direct impact on every organization. In LG company also power can
use for the betterment of the organization as well as misleading the company. There has a base of
power in the organization and has six bases of power. Some impact can be seen—

 Legitimate Power: Generally, the person or individual who set in the top position in the
organization has got this kind of power. He can implement any decision in the
organization. The CEO of LG company can regulate everything’s in the organization and
can show his power towards everyone.
 Reward Power: It is the power of providing some benefits, payments or extra facilities
for the exchange of some great performance in the organization. In LG company this
power can get the CEO, managers, department heads, etc.
 Coercive Power: This is the kind of power that is applied for getting some extraordinary
benefits by influenced others. This power generally showed by the autocratic leader
despite obtaining the goals of the organizations.
 Expert Power: Every organization has some extraordinary expert people who generally
take part in every management activity and they can influence every employee in the
organizations.
 Information Power: The individual who has a deal with all kinds of information related
to the organization has the power of information. Different device or machinery has
different information or system to handle them, in such a situation the individual has the
information can show the information power.
 Referent Power: The familiar character, directors, managers, etc. of an organization can
bear the referent power in the organization. The CEO of LG can show charisma and
attract the employees in the organization. [ CITATION lum19 \l 1033 ]

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Evaluate how to motivate individuals and teams to achieve a goal.
Theories of motivation:

 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

A.H. Maslow states that human needs are not the same as the differences between the
individual and needs always make changes according to the situation. And, Maslow
divided the five levels of needs into primary needs and secondary needs. Secondary needs
only come when the primary needs are satisfied. The employees of the LG company
firstly need to satisfy their lower-order needs such as food, safety, security, sleep, etc.
When lower-order needs satisfy then comes the higher-order needs such as social
affection, self-stem of the employees, also they have the needs of self-actualization in the
organization. [ CITATION Sim18 \l 1033 ]
 ERG Theory
According to Alderfer, employees have three types of needs such as existence,
relatedness, and growth. At first, employees face the need for existence needs which
include food, security, safety, working conditions, etc. Then, the employees realize the
needs of acceptance by others in the organization which is called the needs of relatedness.
And in the last stage, employees realize the needs of self-stem and self-actualization in
the organization which is the need for growth. The LG company should try to fulfill these
three needs to motivate the employees in the organization. [ CITATION Too19 \l 1033 ]
 Two-Factor Theory
Herzberg's research on the employees and found two factors for motivating the
employees in the organizations. According to Herzberg, employees need some
maintenance factors such as working conditions, payments, job security, relations with
the superior, etc. and they also motivated by motivational factors such as achievements,
recognition, responsibility, growth of the career, etc. If the LG company can provide
these two types of factors, the employees will be inspired and focus more attention on the
organization's betterment. [ CITATION Exp19 \l 1033 ]

Motivational Techniques:

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  Be positive: If the managers of the LG behave positively and take everything
happening with the employees simply, the employees will be shown high
involvement in the workplace.
 Job security: If the employees get job security in the LG company, they will
become more loyal and confident to work in the organization.
 Flexibility: If the workloads and responsibilities are flexible in the LG
company, employees will be more encouraged to work efficiently.
 Benefits: The more benefits employees got, the more they complete tasks
efficiently and effectively.
 Offer Rewards: When employees get the offer to complete any tasks
exchanging of rewards, they become more fruitful for the organization.
 Good Management: When employees know that the management system of
LG is efficient and effective, they become to rely on the management. As a
result, they can complete every instruction provided by the management of
LG. [ CITATION Fil19 \l 1033 ]

Motivational Models for LG:

 The Expectancy Model:

This is the motivational approach which is a combination of valence, expectancy, and
instrumentality. There is a great relationship between the effort and performance of the
employees, so the Lg company should focus on increasing the effort of the employees
and for that employee's needs for motivation. According to expectancy theory, individual
effort and performance are interrelated as well as performance relies on rewards and
rewards rely on the goals. [ CITATION You19 \l 1033 ]
 The Equity Model:
Employees out comers are depended on the organization's input of motivation. If the
motivation or benefits of the organization is higher than the expectation of the employees,
it will increase the involvement level of the employees in the workplace. If the level of
the benefits is equal to the expectation, the level of outcomes of the employees will be
equal to the expectation. But if the motivation is lower than the expectation of the
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employees, it will reduce the production rate in the workplace. So, for keeping balance in
the organization LG company should keep a balance input level for the employees.
[ CITATION Eco19 \l 1033 ]

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Demonstrate an understanding of how to co-operate effectively with
others.
Effective team: In an organization, the group of employees who try to achieve the
Organization's goals and objectives efficiently and within time and their work plan is definite and
well-decorated is referred to as an effective team of an organization. Effective team can be
characteristics by some of these factors—

1. Well-defined Direction: In an effective team, every step of the activities is defined

clearly and what is the responsibility and liability of the team members are divided
equally among the team members.
2. Trust: Trust is everything for achieving success when a group of individuals works for
that. When the leaders can build trust in the employees, it is become easier to obtain the
goals.
3. Collaboration: Without collaboration, no team can be effective. One of the main
characteristics of the effect is the team's all activities are happening to collaborate.
4. Encouragement: In an effective team of an organization, every member tries to motivate
and encouraged the other members included in the team. For this mentality, every
member of the team becomes more efficient and effective for the team.
5. Decision Making: In an effective team, every member of the team can take a role in the
decision-making process. Every member of the team can share their decision for and
against a certain plan.
6. Effective Communication: Every Successful team has the power of effective
communication among the members of the teams. The expertise of communication makes
the team more aggressive in obtaining the goals. [ CITATION Hyg18 \l 1033 ]

Ineffective Team: The group of the Organization which has no common goals and has no
collaboration and afraid to make a decision that called an ineffective team. We can
characteristics the team as—

1. Unorganized: After successful planning in the organization, there comes the need to
organize. Without a balanced organization, no plan can be successful.

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 2. Knowledge Gap: If the team has lacking's knowledge about the tasks, they cannot
complete the tasks. Without distinct information, no team can be effective.
3. Communication Gap: Communication is all about the success of a team. If there is a
miss of communication among the team members and the team leader, the team can not
obtain the ambition.
4. Lack of Unity: Everyone knows that unity is the main power of a team. But because of
the unity among the team members, a team will be ineffective. [ CITATION Biz17 \l
1033 ]

The reasons for making an effective team ineffective:

1. Lack of distinct goals: If there are no distinct goals to obtain by the team, the team
becomes inactive or ineffective. Because of the lack of a clear target, they cannot do any
tasks.
2. Lack of Accountability: If the team members have no clear responsibility for the
organization, he will be inactive. Ultimately, the whole team becomes ineffective.
3. Lack of shared information: Information is all in doing any tasks in a group. If the
members of the team have no clear information, they become ineffective.
4. Lack of determining the effort: The level of effort should be determined by the leader
of a team. If this cannot be defined, the team members are failed to perform as per the
expectation.
5. Lack of Trust: Every member of a team should have to trust each other in the team. If
there is a lack of trust, the team members attention is going wrong and ultimately the
team becomes ineffective.[ CITATION Lea19 \l 1033 ]

Theories available for Teambuilding:

 Bruce Tuckman’s Model of Team Stages: For building an effective team according to
the structure of the organization this theory is developed with four functions, such as—
i) Forming
ii) Storming

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 iii) Norming
iv) performing
 Belbin’s Theory of team roles: Every team member has some roles and responsibility
which should be maintained by them. Belbin stated nine roles such as—
i) Plant,
ii) Resource investigations’
iii) Team workers,
iv) Collaboration,
v) Evaluator,
vi) Implementers,
vii) Shapers,
viii) Specialist,
ix) Finisher,
 Isabel Briggs-Myers and her MBTI theory: This theory is based on a test of the team
members which known as a personality test. This test helps the team members to
understand each other of the team because every member knows the personality of the
other members. [ CITATION Tea14 \l 1033 ]

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Apply concepts and philosophies of organizational behavior to a
given business situation.
The key concepts and the philosophies of OB influenced in behaviors of the LG company in
different ways. The impact of Concepts and Philosophies of OB in LG company can be---

Impact of Key Concepts of Organizational Behaviors:

1. Individual Differences: Every individual is different in their skills and knowledge. So

LG company should be flexible in the dividing of selecting the employees for assigning
certain projects.
2. Perceptions: different people have a different perception; LG company should be
realized that can create pressure and dividing responsibilities according to the perception
level of the employees.
3. A whole person: LG company should be considered the employees a person not the
machinery or equipment for the organization and this mentality will make the employees
loyal and confident in the organization.
4. Motivation: By the differences in motivation, organizations' success also differs. If the
motivation's level is high in the LG company that will increase the productivity of the
organization.
5. Involvement Desirability: If the employees show high involvement, that will increase
the level of production of the LG company. But if the employees are not interested to
involve with the Lg company that will reduce the productivity of the organizations.
[ CITATION Ied19 \l 1033 ]

Philosophies Required For LG:

For LG company collegial model is more effective. It is a model that is based on the cooperation
of the employees in the organization. In this approach, all the activities are divided among the
employees and they support their best for achieving the organizational goals. In this model,
employees have built their self-disciple and they always try to complete their responsibilities and
they are self-motivated. [ CITATION Myo19 \l 1033 ]

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Conclusion
LG company should need to establish a stable environment in the organization so that employees
are more encouraged and comfortable to work in the organization. LG company should
implement different motivational theories such as Maslow's hierarchy theory, ERG theory or two
factors theory of Herzberg's. LG company also tries to implement different motivational
techniques for motivating the employees in the workplace. Ultimately it can say that
organizational behavior is interrelated with everything's happening in the LG company positively
or negatively.

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