Scientific

Research
Dr. Dina Salah
Lecture 4
Citation and Referencing
Monday, 12th Of March
Outline
•What is meant by citation and referencing?
•Why is citation and referencing important?
•How to use IEEE citation/referencing?
What is meant by citation and referencing?
Referencing is an academic convention designed to illustrate
that you can collate information from various sources [1].
Why is citation and referencing important?
• It indicates that you have selected, summarized and extended
information from your reading and can develop the discussion of a
subject to support your argument [1].
• It gives credibility to the information you present in assignments [1].
• It enables your tutors to check the accuracy and validity of the
evidence presented[1].
• It should also enable your tutors and other interested readers to
trace the sources you cite and to use the same evidence for their
own purposes [1].
• It avoids the accusation of plagiarism [1].
• It acknowledges the hard work of other researchers [1].
What is meant by IEEE citation/referencing?

• The IEEE citation style is now widely used in electrical,

electronic and computing publications. IEEE provides
instructions for authors for each type of publication such as
books, conference papers, journals, and websites.
How to use IEEE citation/referencing? (Slide 1 Of
In-text references
• Using this system, references are numbered in the order in
which they are first cited in the text. If the same reference is
cited later in the text, the same number is given. For
example

"The theory was first put forward in 1987 [1]

Scholtz [2] has argued that.......

Several recent studies [1], [3], [4], [15], [16] have suggested
that...
How to use IEEE citation/referencing? (Slide 1 Of 7)
Book
[Ref number] Author’s initials. Author’s Surname, Book Title,
edition (if not first). Place of publication: Publisher, Year.
Example
[1] I.A. Glover and P.M. Grant, Digital Communications, 3rd ed.
Harlow: Prentice Hall, 2009.
How to use IEEE citation/referencing? (Slide 2 Of 7)

Book chapter
[Ref number] Author’s initials. Author’s Surname, “Title of
chapter in book,” in Book Title, edition (if not first), Editor’s
initials. Editor’s Surname, Ed. Place of publication: Publisher,
Year, page numbers.
Example
[2] C. W. Li and G. J. Wang, "MEMS manufacturing techniques
for tissue scaffolding devices," in Mems for Biomedical
Applications, S. Bhansali and A. Vasudev, Eds. Cambridge:
Woodhead, 2012, pp. 192-217.
How to use IEEE citation/referencing? (Slide 3 Of 7)
Electronic Book
[Ref number] Author’s initials. Author’s Surname. (Year, Month
Day). Book Title (edition) [Type of medium]. Available:URL

[3] W. Zeng, H. Yu, C. Lin. (2013, Dec 19). Multimedia Security

Technologies for Digital Rights Management [Online]. Available:
http://goo.gl/xQ6doi
Note:
If the e-book is a direct equivalent of a print book e.g. in PDF
format, you can reference it as a normal print book
How to use IEEE citation/referencing? (Slide 4 Of 7)

Conference paper
[Ref number] Author’s initials. Author’s Surname, “Title of
paper,” in Name of Conference, Location, Year, pp. xxx.
[4] S. Adachi, T. Horio, T. Suzuki. "Intense vacuum-ultraviolet
single-order harmonic pulse by a deep-ultraviolet driving
laser," in International Conference of Lasers and Electro-
Optics, San Jose, California, 2012, pp.2118-2120.
How to use IEEE citation/referencing? (Slide 5 Of 7)

[Ref number] Author’s initials. Author’s Surname, “Title of

article,” Title of journal, vol. number, issue number, page
numbers, Month Year.
[4] F. Yan, Y. Gu, Y. Wang, C. M. Wang, X. Y. Hu, H. X. Peng, et al.,
"Study on the interaction mechanism between laser and rock
during perforation," Optics and Laser Technology, vol. 54, issue
1, pp. 303-308, Dec 2013.
How to use IEEE citation/referencing? (Slide 6 Of 7)

Theses/Dissertations
[Ref number] Author’s initials. Author’s Surname, “Title of
thesis,” Designation type, Deptarte., Abbrev. Univ., City of
Univ., State, Year. [10]
[5] J. O. Williams, “Narrow-band analyser,” Ph.D. dissertation,
Dept. Elect. Eng., Harvard Univ., Cambridge, MA, 1993.
How to use IEEE citation/referencing? (Slide 7 Of 7)
Websites
Note:
Include as much of the key information as you can find for a given website. If
a web page has no personal author, you can use a corporate author. Failing
that, you can use either Anon. (for anonymous) or it is permissible to use the
title of the site.
[Ref number] Author’s initials. Authors Surname.(Year, Month. Day). Title of
web page[Online]. Available: URL
[13] BBC News.(2013, Nov. 11). Microwave signals turned into electrical
power[Online]. Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-24897584
[14] M. Holland.(2002). Guide to citing internet sources[Online]. Available:
http://www.bournemouth.ac.uk/library/using/guide_to_citing_internet_sou
rce.html
Summary
•Citation and referencing definition
•Citation and referencing importance
•IEEE citation/referencing
•Using IEEE citation/referencing
Practice at Home
This is the reference list for this lecture, write the following references
in the correct format according to IEEE referencing style
1. https://www.surrey.ac.uk/library/documents/learning/IEEE%20refer
encing.pdf
2. http://guides.lib.monash.edu/citing-referencing/ieee
3. http://www.bath.ac.uk/library/help/infoguides/ieee.pdf