Chemistry April 24, 2020 Form 4P

Topic: Molar and Mass Concentration

10 g of NaCl in 500 cm3 of water

Molar conc:

10g of NaCl to mols Na= 23 Cl= 35.5

Moles: given mass/molar mass = 10 g/58.5 = 0.17 moles

0.17 mole of NaCl in 500 cm3

Mol conc= mols/dm3 (amount of moles in 1 dm3 or 1000 cm3)

Mol conc of NaCl : 0.17 =500

? = 1000

= (0.17 x 1000)/ 500

= 0.34 mol/dm3

Example 1

250 cm3 KOH contains 8.4 g KOH

Mass Conc:

8.4 g = 250 cm3

? g = 1000 cm3

= (8.4 x 1000 )/ 250

= 33.6 g/dm3

Molar conc (M)= mass conc/ molar mass

= 33.6 g/dm3 divide by 56 g

= 0.6 mol/dm3

OR

Moles in 8.4 g of KOH = 8.4/ 56

= 0.15 moles

0.15 = 250 cm3

? = 1000 cm3 (remember to cross multiply)

= (0.15 x 1000) / 250 = 0.6 mol/dm3

Example 2

How many moles of Calcium nitrate is present in 200 cm 3 of a solution with conc 0.4 mol/dm3

What was given: Ca(NO3)2 , M : 0.4 mol/dm3, need # of moles in 200 cm3

0.4 mol = 1000 cm3

? = 200 cm3

= (0.4 x 200)/ 1000

= 0.08 moles

Example 3: What mass of NaOH is needed to produce 750 cm 3 of NaOH with conc 0.5 mol/dm 3

What is given: NaOH, conc: 0.5 M, need mass in 750 cm 3

Molar mass NaOH = 23 + 16 + 1= 40 g

Mass conc= 0.5 x 40 = 20 g/dm3

20g = 1000 cm3

? = 750 cm3

? = (20 g x 750 cm3)/ 1000 cm3

= 15 g

Question 8 a.

What mass of K2CO3 is needed to prepare 250 cm3 of a soln of conc 0.2 mol/dm 3

Need the mass in 250 cm3, conc: 0.2 M

Molar Mass of K2CO3 = (39 x2) + 12+ (16x 3) = 78 + 12+ 48 = 138 g

Method 1:

0.2 moles = 1000 cm3

? = 250 cm3

= (0.2 x 250)/1000

= 0.05 mol

Mass of K2CO3 in 0.05 moles = 0.05 x 138 = 6.9 g

Method 2: (find the mass conc first)

Mass conc= 0.2 mol/dm3 x 138

= 27.6 g/dm3

Mass in 250:

27.6 = 1000 cm3

? = 250 cm3

= (27.6 x 250 )/ 1000

= 6.9 g

8b. How many moles of NaOH are present in 200 cm3 of a soln with conc 16.5 g /dm 3?

Molar mass: NaOH = 23 + 16 +1 = 40 g

Know: the mass in 1000 cm3

Need: moles in 200 cm3

Method 1:

16.5 g = 1000 cm3

?g = 200 cm3

? = (16.5 x 200)/1000 = 3.3 g

Moles in 3.3 g: = 3.3 g / 40 g = 0.0825 mol or 0.083 mol to 3 d.p

Method 2:

Molar conc = 16.5 g/ dm3 divided by 40 g

= 0.4125 mol/dm3

Moles in 200 cm3

0.4125 mols = 1000 cm3

? = 200 cm3

Ans: (0.4125 x 200 cm3) /1000 cm3

When to multiply by molar mass:

 - From moles to mass
- From mole conc. to mass conc.

When to divide by molar mass:

- From mass to moles

- From mass conc. to mole conc.

Classwork:

1. Complete 8c. [4 marks]

2. What mass of Calcium Hydroxide is needed to prepare 400 cm 3 of a 0.25 M solution of calcium
hydroxide? [3 marks]
3. How many moles of potassium nitrate are in 650 cm 3 of a 0.7 M solution? [2 marks]
4. Kim needs to prepare a solution of Sodium phosphate with a molarity of 0.4 M.
a) What mass of sodium phosphate does Kim need to weigh out to make up the solution? [ 3
marks]
b) What mass of sodium phosphate would be in 300 cm 3 of the same solution? [1 mark]
c) How many moles would be in 250 cm3 of the same solution? [1 mark]
5. 55 g of Calcium phosphate is dissolved in 400 g of water. [3 marks]
a) Calculate the mass concentration
b) Calculate the molar concentration