7.1.

5 Unicellular Organisms

20 minutes

24 marks

Page 1 of 9
Q1. (a) The diagrams show the structures of a yeast cell and a bacterial cell.

(i) Both the yeast cell and the bacterial cell have structures A and B.

Name structures A and B.

A .......................................................

B .......................................................
(2)

(ii) The yeast cell and the bacterial cell have different shapes and sizes.

Give one other way in which the structure of the bacterial cell is different from the
structure of the yeast cell.

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................
(1)

Page 2 of 9
(b) Sourdough bread is light in texture and tastes slightly sour. The bread is made using
two types of microorganism, a yeast and a bacterium. The bacterium can make acids
such as lactic acid. The acid makes the bread taste sour.

The graph shows how the growth rates of the yeast and the bacteria change with
temperature.

Temperature in °C

(i) Sourdough bread rises fastest at 27°C.

Use information from the graph to explain why.

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................
(2)

(ii) The bread tastes most sour if it rises at 32°C.

Use information from the graph to explain why.

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................

...............................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 7 marks)

Page 3 of 9
Q2. The diagram below shows a single-cell organism called Chlamydomonas. It lives in
pond water.

Use the information in the diagram to help you answer the questions below.

(a) Give two features of Chlamydomonas which show that it is more like a plant cell than an
animal cell.

1. ..................................................................................................................

2. ..................................................................................................................
2 marks

(b) Chlamydomonas makes a sugar called glucose.

(i) Give the name of the process in which Chlamydomonas makes glucose.

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(ii) Chlamydomonas produces starch grains from glucose.

Suggest what will happen to the number of starch grains in the cell if
Chlamydomonas is kept in the dark.

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

Page 4 of 9
(c) The diagram below shows another single-cell organism called Amoeba.
It also lives in pond water. Amoeba traps a Chlamydomonas and digests it.

not to scale

Starch is a carbohydrate. Amoeba's digestive enzymes break down the starch in the
Chlamydomonas.

Suggest what substance is produced from the starch and what it is used for.

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................
2 marks
Maximum 6 marks

Page 5 of 9
Q3. The diagram below shows details of Chlamydomonas which is a single-celled organism
adapted for living in ponds and ditches.

(a) Explain how the eyespot, the flagella and the chloroplast enable Chlamydomonas to
photosynthesise.

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................
3 marks

(b) (i) Water diffuses into Chlamydomonas from the pond. Water is also produced by
respiration inside the cell.
Give one function of water inside the cell.

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

(ii) If there is too much water in the Chlamydomonas cell, the water collects in two small
vacuoles. The vacuoles can contract to get rid of the water.
What effect does extra water have on the cell?

.............................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................
1 mark

Page 6 of 9
 (c) Large numbers of Chlamydomonas cells are found in ponds rich in nitrates. Nitrates are a
source of nitrogen.
What compound does Chlamydomonas make from nitrogen?

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................

.....................................................................................................................
1 mark
Maximum 6 marks

Q4. The diagram below shows an organism called Euglena.

It is made of only one cell. It lives in ponds and streams.
Euglena have features of both plants and animals.

(a) Look at the diagram of Euglena.

Give two pieces of evidence which suggest it is an animal cell and not a plant cell.

1. ....................................................................................................................
1 mark

2. ....................................................................................................................
1 mark

(b) Plant cells can carry out photosynthesis.

How can you tell from the diagram that Euglena can carry out photosynthesis?

........................................................................................................................
1 mark

Page 7 of 9
(c) Complete the word equation for photosynthesis.

carbon dioxide + ................................... → glucose + ...................................

2 marks
maximum 5 marks

Page 8 of 9
Page 9 of 9