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Mechanics
session session session session session session
Mathematics Counselor
Housain Mahmoud Housain
MA.1.01 - Create, interpret and analyze trigonometric ratios that model real-world situations.
(Week 01 - Week 05)
Concepts:
‣ A. Unit circle
‣ B. Six trigonometric functions
‣ C. Related angles
‣ D. Sine law , cos law
‣ E. Angle of elevation and angle of depression
‣ F Directed angle
Evidence:
Problem Set 1.8 - BA #3, ST #6d
Problem Set 3.1 - BA #6, 10, ST #9
Problem Set 3.2 - BA #5, ST #7c
Problem Set 3.3 - BA #7, ST #8
Problem Set 3.6 - BA #1, ST # 8
Texts & References: Math Connections 2a sections 1.8, 3.1 - 3.4 , 3.6, 3.7
MA.1.03 - Understand similarity and use the concept for scaling to solve problems
(Week 07 - Week 8)
Essential Questions: Why are relationships predictable?
Skills:
‣ A. Determine axes of similarity
‣ B. Draw the image of a shape (using reduction and magnification)
‣ C. Solve problems and applications using proportionality theorems
‣ D. Prove the angle bisector theorem
‣ E. Stretching and Shrinking Angles and Areas
‣ F. Stretching and Shrinking Volumes
‣ G. Finding the scaling factor(area and volume)
‣ H. Solve problems related to geometric shapes "
Concepts:
‣ A. Similarity
‣ B. Transformation( reduction and magnification)
‣ C. Proportionality
‣ D. Parallel lines and proportional parts
‣ E. Angle bisectors
Math Connections 1a
Basic Application Problem Set 4.5 #1
Strategic Thinking Problem Set 4.5 #6
Math Connections 1b
Basic Application Problem Set 6.1 #2, Problem Set 6.3 # 3, Problem Set 6.4 #6 a through c, Problem set 6.6
# 2 (any of them)
Strategic Thinking Problem Set 6.1 #8, Problem Set 6.4 #6 d, Problem Set 6.6 #6c
Texts & References: Math Connections 1A 3.4 - 3.6, 4.4 - 4.5
MA.1.06 - Analyze, display and describe quantitative data with a focus on standard deviation.
(Week 14)
Essential Questions: ‣ How can graphical displays be manipulated to present misleading information?
‣ How can data analysis be used to predict future happenings?
‣ Does the data always lead to the truth? Why or why not?
Skills:
‣ A. Describe the overall pattern (shape, center, spread) of a distribution and identify any major
departures from the pattern (like outliers).
‣ B. Make a histogram, dotplot, boxplot or stemplot to display small sets of data and interpret the
data.
‣ C. Identify the shape of a distribution (symmetric or skewed) from a dotplot, stemplot, or histograms
‣ D. Calculate and interpret measures of center (mean, median) and spread (IQR, standard
deviation).
‣ E. Use appropriate graphs and numerical summaries to compare distributions of quantitative
variables.
Concepts:
‣ A. Shape, center, spread
‣ B. Outliers
‣ C. histogram
‣ D. Dotplot
‣ E. Boxplot
‣ F. Stemplot
‣ G. Skewed
‣ H. Symmetric
‣ I. IQR
‣ J. Standard deviation
Evidence:
The Practice of Statistics
Section (1-2) Exercises
Basic Application #38 a
Strategic Thinking #49b
MA.1.07 - Create, interpret and analyze quadratic functions that model real-world situations.
(Week 01 - Week 04)
MA.1.08 - Create, interpret and analyze exponential and logarithmic functions that model real-world
situations.
(Week 05 - Week 07)
http://betterlesson.com/community/document/219143/unit-08-
day-06-notes-guided-practice-properties-of-logs-logarithms-
pdf
MA.1.09 - Create, interpret and analyze trigonometric functions that model real-world situations.
(Week 08 - Week 09)
MA.1.11 - Create, interpret and analyze systems of linear functions that model real-world situations.
(Week 12 - Week 13)
Essential Questions:
‣ Why use shortcuts?
‣ Why is it essential to have different ways of reaching solutions?
Skills:
‣ A. Use the properties of determinants to determine the value of a determinant
‣ B. Solve real-world applications of determinants particularly finding the area of parallelogram and
triangle.
‣ C. Solve a system of linear equations using Cramer's Rule
MA.2.01 - Create, interpret and analyze polynomial and absolute value functions that model real-world
situations.
(Week 01 - Week 04)
Essential Questions: ‣ Why is modeling an indispensable tool?
‣ Why do we represent phenomena in multiple ways?
Skills:
‣ A. Reveal and explain different properties of the algebraic function and its graph
‣ B. Model real-world situations using polynomial and absolute value functions.
‣ C. Perform operations with polynomials
‣ D. Find the roots of polynomial equations algebraically
‣ E. Construct a polynomial curve through specific points on a horizontal line
‣ F. Understand how the degree of the function determines the attributes of a graph. (turning points,
symmetry, even/odd)
‣ G. Find the inverse graphically and algebraically of a function
‣ H. Identify and use the reciprocal function and the absolute value function
Concepts:
‣ A. Polynomial
‣ B. Absolute value,
‣ C. Inverse of a function
‣ D. Algebraic function
‣ E. Operations with polynomials
‣ F. Roots of polynomial equations
‣ G. Polynomial curve
‣ H. Polynomial functions.
‣ I. Degree of the function
‣ J. Attributes of a graph. (turning points, symmetry, even/odd)
Evidence:
Recall: p. 88 #2e, #4
Basic Application: p.76 #2, p.97 #8
Strategic Thinking: p.76 #7, p.109 #6b, p.110 #7e
Essential Questions:
‣ Is order really important?
‣ Why predict the future
Skills:
‣ A. Use the Fundamental Counting Principle to solve counting problems
‣ B. Use permutations to solve counting problems
‣ C. Solve counting problems where some elements are alike
‣ D. Solve counting problems in which order is not important
‣ E. Determine a combination of n objects taken r at a time
‣ F. Use factorials count combinations
Essential Questions:
‣ Is order really important?
‣ Why predict the future
Skills:
‣ A. Know and understand the binomial theorem and row sums (Pascal's Triangle)
‣ B. Explain the expansion of (x+y)^n in powers of x and y for a positive integer n, where x and y are
any numbers.
Concepts:
‣ A. Pascal's Triangle
‣ B. Binomial Theorem
Evidence:
Recall:ِOnline Quiz http://www.cliffsnotes.com/math/algebra/algebra-ii/additional-topics/quiz-binomial-
coefficients-and-the-binomial-theorem
BA:
ST:
Texts & References: Math Connections 3a - pages 87 and 89
http://www.mathcentre.ac.uk/resources/tests/swf/Algebra/Exercises/2-05ae.swf
MA.2.06 - Identify and analyze continuity and limits and connect them to graphs of functions.
(Week 01 - Week 03)
Essential Questions:
‣ Why do we need limits?
‣ How close is close?
Skills:
‣ A. Determine and prove the limit of a function at a given x value if it exists, including limits involving
infinity. If not, explain, why?
‣ B. Differentiate between step, infinite and removable discontinuity
‣ C. When given a function, explain why it might not be continuous by using the definition of
"continuity" and determining which part(s) of the definition is not met.
‣ D. Given certain characteristics, sketch a graph.
Concepts:
‣ A. Limits
‣ B. Continuity
‣ C. Discontinuity: step, infinite and removable
Evidence:
Recall : p.43 #9, 10, p.64 R1,
Basic application: p.44 #19, P.68 #T9, p.70 #T18
Strategic thinking: p. 45 #23, p.67 #3, Exploration 2-5a #7, p.70 #T16
Texts & References: Foerster Calculus Concepts and Applications: Chapter 2
Foerster Calculus Concepts and Applications: Exploration 2-1a, 2-2a, 2-3a, 2-3b, 2-3b, 2-4a, 2-5a, 2-7a, 2-
7b
Capstone Connection: graphical representation of new business numbers
Grand Challenge Connections: Increase industrial base for Egypt
Topic: Continuity, Limits
MA.2.07 - Given the equation of a function, apply the derivative of that function to solve real-world problems.
(Week 04 - Week 06)
Essential Questions:
‣ How do you know if the information you have is enough, too little or too much?
‣ When is it better to memorize and when is it better to understand?
Skills:
‣ A. Given the equation of a function, calculate and analyze the derivative at a given point
algebraically, numerically and graphically.
‣ B. Graph the function and its derivative function and draw conclusions about the relationship
between the derivative function and the original function.
MA.2.08 - Analyze the rates of change of a sinusoidal, exponential and logarithmic functions in real-world
problems.
(Week 07 - Week 09)
Essential Questions:
‣ How do you know if the information you have is enough, too little or too much?
‣ When is it better to memorize and when is it better to understand?
Essential Questions:
‣ When can an action be undone?
‣ Is the whole the sum of its parts? Or, is the whole greater than the sum of its parts? Or is the whole
less than the sum of its parts?
Skills:
‣ A. Use the definite integral to find the area of a region between two graphs, to find displacement
given the velocity.
‣ B. Use properties of indefinite and definite integral
‣ C. Use Reimann sums
‣ D. Use Fundamental theorem of Calculus
‣ E. Use integrals in applied problem situations: area, displacement given velocity, work and heat
problems.
Essential Questions:
‣ Why is the normal distribution essential?
‣ How does one asses normality?
Skills:
‣ A. Use percentiles to locate individual values within distributions of data.
‣ B. Interpret a cumulative relative frequency graph.
‣ C. Find the standardize value of an observation. Interpret z-scores in context.
‣ D. Describe the effect of adding, subtracting, multiplying by, or dividing by a constant on the shape,
center, and spread of a distribution of data.
‣ E. Approximately locate the median and the mean on a density curve.
‣ F. Use the standard Normal distribution to calculate the proportion of values in a specific interval.
‣ G. Use the standard Normal distribution to determine a z-score from a percentile.
Concepts:
‣ A. Percentiles
‣ B. Cumulative relative frequency graph
‣ C. z-scores
‣ D. Density curve
‣ E. Standard Normal Distribution
Evidence:
Section (2-1) page 99-103 problem 1-32
Section (2-2) page 128-133
MA.3.01 - Determine and use the implicit differentiation and apply this method to solve real-world problems.
(Week 01 - Week 02)
Essential Questions:
‣ How do you know if the information you have is enough, too little or too much?
‣ When is it better to memorize and when is it better to understand?
Skills:
‣ A. Find the derivative y with respect to x, and show by graphing that the answer is reasonable.
‣ B. Use the derivative of an implicit function to analyze a graph."
Concepts:
‣ A, Implicit relation
‣ B. Implicit function
‣ C. Derivative of an implicit function
‣ D. parametric differentiation
Evidence:
Can be found on pages 172 through 174
Recall (quick review 1 - 9)
BA (Q1 - Q24)
ST(Q27 - 28)
Texts & References: Foerster Calculus Concepts and Applications Section 4-8 p169-174
Foerster Calculus Concepts and Applications Exploration 4-8a
Capstone Connection: communication and information transfer rates
Grand Challenge Connections: Increase opportunities for Egyptians to stay and work in Egypt,Reduce
pollution fouling our air water and grounds
Topic: Implicit differentiation
Essential Questions:
‣ Why do we need an imaginary world?
‣ How can things be real and imaginary?
Skills:
‣ A. Perform operations with complex numbers
‣ B. Graphically represent complex numbers and their operations on the Argand diagram
‣ C. Find the conjugate of a complex number and use it to find moduli and quotients of complex
numbers
Essential Questions:
‣ Why do we need an imaginary world?
‣ How can things be real and imaginary?
Skills:
‣ A. Graph using both rectangular and polar coordinates.
‣ B. Prove and use De-Moivre's theorem.
‣ C. Find the nth roots of unity
Concepts:
‣ A. Polar coordinates
‣ B. DeMoivre's Theorem
‣ C. nth roots of unity
Evidence:
Recall
BA
ST
*****Please provide specific evidence.
Texts & References: In the Unit Materials folder, “Complex Numbers Part 2”
Capstone Connection: Electromagnetic communication represented by complex numbers, or any periodic
function that can be represented by and exponential with complex arguments.
Grand Challenge Connections: Improve the use of alternative energies to reduce our reliance on extracted
Essential Questions:
‣ why we study pattern ?
Skills:
‣ A. Determine the type of sequence
‣ B. Determine the first term and constant difference or ratio
‣ C. find the sum of terms of Arithmetic or geometric sequence
‣ D. series
Concepts:
‣ A. arithmetic sequence
‣ B. Geometric sequence
‣ C. series
Evidence:
MA.3.05 - Analyze the behavior of functions by investigating critical points using first and second derivatives.
(Week 09 - Week 11)
Essential Questions:
‣ Why is position important?
‣ What makes something critical?
Skills:
‣ A. Determine if the y-value is a local max or min
‣ B. Determine point of inflection
‣ C. Sketch the graph and/or find the equation of the function given the local (relative) max or min
‣ and critical point.
‣ D. Determine concavity
Concepts:
‣ A. Local max or min
‣ B. Point of inflection
‣ C. Critical point
MA.3.06 - Given a solid or plane figure, analyze the derivative to determine maximum or minimum value and
to solve real-world problems.
(Week 12 - Week 14)
Key Concepts:
A. Parameter
B. Sampling distribution
C. Population distribution
D. SRS
E. p-hat
F. Normal
G. Central Limit Theorem
Skills:
A. Distinguish between a parameter and a statistic.
B. Understand the definition of a sampling distribution.
C. Distinguish between population distribution, sampling distribution, and the distribution of
sample data.
D. Find the mean and standard deviation of the sampling distribution of a sample proportion
for an SRS of size n from a population having proportion p of successes.
E. Use Normal approximation to calculate probabilities involving p-hat
F. Use the sampling distribution of p-hat to evaluate a claim about a population proportion.
G. Find the mean and standard deviation of the sampling distribution of a sample mean x-bar
from an SRS of size n.
H. Calculate probabilities involving a sample mean x-bar when the population distribution is
Normal.
I. Explain how the shape of the sampling distribution of x-bar is related to the hape of the
population distribution.
J. Use the central limit theorem to help find probabilities involving a sample mean x-bar.
Essential Questions:
How can modeling predict the future?
What is randomness?
Textbook and Resource Materials: Practical of statistics Introduction of statistics Basics of statistics
Evidence of Learning: section (7-1) page 436-439 section (7-2) page 447-449 section (7-3) page 461- 464
Capstone Connection: Communication
SEC Topic & Code: data collection, surveys, sampling
Key Concepts:
A. Scatterplot
B. Correlation(pearson)
Spearman rank correlation coefficient
C. Least squares regression line
D. Residuals
E. r
Skills:
A. Make a scatterplot to display the relationship between two quantitative variables and
recognize outliers.
B. Describe the direction, form, and strength of the overall pattern of a scatterplot.
C. Calculate and interpret correlation, knowing the basic properties of correlation.
D. Explain how the correlation is influenced by extreme observations.
E. Use technology to find the least squares regression line.
F. Calculate and interpret residuals.
G. Construct and interpret residual plots to assess if a linear model is appropriate.
H. Use r squared to assess how well the line fits the data.
I. Identify the equation of a least squares regression line from calculator output.
J. Explain why association does not imply causation.
K. Recognize how the slope, y-intercept, standard deviation of the residuals, and r squared
are influenced by extreme observations.
Essential Questions:
How can graphical displays be manipulated to present misleading information?
How do patterns affect your life?
How are correlation and causation connected?
Textbook and Resource Materials: Practical of statistics Introduction of statistics Basics of statistics
Evidence of Learning: section (3-1) page 159-164 section (3-2) page 193-200 test page 203-205
Capstone Connection: differentiate between association and causation in your communication schema
SEC Topic & Code: association, causation, correlation, causation, graphing
Essential Questions:
‣ When can an action be undone?
‣ Is the whole the sum of its parts? Or, is the whole greater than the sum of its parts? Or is the whole
less than the sum of its parts?
Skills:
‣ A. Given a function, analyze displacement and distance
‣ B. Calculate average velocity and use in problem solving situation
Concepts:
‣ A. Velocity
‣ B. Acceleration
‣ C. Displacement
‣ D. Average velocity
Evidence:
ST: (10-1) 1-5 & (10-2) 1-16
*****Please provide recall and basic application evidence. Also, reexamine the items that are listed as
strategic thinking. Some might be recall or basic application.
Texts & References: Foerster Calculus - Concepts and Applications
Sections 3.5, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3
Foerster Calculus - Concepts and Applications Exploration 3-5a, 3-5b, 10-2a, 10-3a
Grand Challenge Connections: Increase opportunities for Egyptians to stay and work in Egypt,Recycle and
retain garbage for recycling
Topic: Displacement, velocity, acceleration, distance
MA.3.09 - Recognize and justify when to use a particular technique of integration and apply to real-world
situations
(Week 07 - Week 9)
Essential Questions:
ST3.04 -Learning Outcome: Apply Bayes' Theorem to solve problems in medical diagnosis and
mathematics.
( Week 08 - Week 14)
Key Concepts:
A. Base rate problem
B. Baye's Theorem
C. Probability
D. conditional probability
Skills:
A. Base rate problem: Explain why a positive or negative test result is insufficient information
for determining the probability that a particular condition (e.g. a disease) is present.
B. Use Bayes' theorem to compute probability of an event (e.g. disease presence) given a
test result and a base rate.
C. Use Bayes' theorem to compute conditional probabilities in non-medical as well as
medical contexts.
D. Use the concepts of specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value, and negative
predictive value to evaluate testing instruments.
Essential Questions: What is sufficient? What is not sufficient?
Textbook and Resource Materials: Practical of statistics Introduction of statistics Basics of statistics
Evidence of Learning: section (5-2) page 314-317 section (5-3) page 333-337
SEC Topic & Code: Baye's Theorem, probability, diagnosis