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Group 6 - Agustin, Cuario, Olegario, Wang

Debate Topic - Pugad Lawin

Good day, Mr. Chairman (Sir Nestor) and to the opposing house. We are here today to
refute the proposition that the first Cry took place in Balintawak. We have gathered evidence,
facts, and proof that the first Cry actually took place in Pugad Lawin.

This house believes that the first cry took place at Pugad Lawin which sparked the event
of the rebellion. The place Pugad Lawin is now a part of the 75-year-old Quezon City, along with
equally historic Pasong Tamo, Banlat, Balintawak, Pasong Putik, and Kangkong, now renamed
as Barangay Apolonio Samson. The place is believed to be the venue where Bonifacio and the
other revolutionaries tore their cedulas which signifies their rebellion against the Spanish Rule,
that is the rebellion that led to the rise of a new era in the history of the Philippines and the
beginning of the first Philippine Revolution.

This proposition came about with the help and guide of sources, according to Pio
Valenzuela,the vice president of the Kapunan and one of the closest friends of Andres
Bonifacio, the first cry was held in Pugad Lawin supported by the reason that the first meeting
and discussion about the revolution against the Spaniard happened at the house of Juan
Ramos, the son of the Mother of Katipunan (Melchora Aquino). It was attended by 1000 of
Katipunero and in that gathering they have decided that the revolution will be conducted on
August 26, 1896. Teodoro Plata, Bonifacio’s brother in law, was also present in that meeting
and agreed with the said decision. Other important names were mentioned that were said to be
present in that discussion like Cipriano, Pacheco, Remedio, and San Pedro.

The circumstantial evidence is divided into three: the resolution, the tearing, and the first
fight. The resolution is the decision of the revolutionists to revolt against the Spaniards. Second,
the tearing is the ripping apart of their cedulas in the yard of Jose Ramos. Lastly, the first fight is
the first encounter of the Katipuneros and the Spaniards.

Futhermore, according to Isagani Medina, a historian, the tearing of the cedulas, the
symbol of slavery of Spaniards towards the Filipino, shown that this is the beginning of their
revolution against the Spanish colonialism and he also said that ​to cry is to ​pagpupuni​t
(Tearing). Additionally, In Medina’s way of gathering evidence, he found the letter of Noel
Ramos, son of Melchora Aquino, and it stated that the First Cry took place in Pugad Lawin.

It is true that the revolution started at Balintawak, however, we are talking about where
the tearing of the cedulas and the first cry took place. The first Cry is based more on the tearing
of the cedulas rather than the place where the fighting happened. Therefore, Balintawak cannot
be considered the place for the First Cry. This was also supported by Teodoro Agoncillo, a
well-known historian, writer, and also known for his book “The Revolt of the Masses”.

With the evidence and analization presented by Medina, Agoncillo and other historians,
it somehow cleared that the first cry of revolution happened in Pugad Lawin but it was not
Group 6 - Agustin, Cuario, Olegario, Wang

enough to stop the debate where the first cry took place. With that, in the year 2001, The
National Historical Institute re-examine and studied again the provided evidence, the persons
involved with this re- examination were 3 historians and 1 official of the supreme court. After
this, the National Historical Institute confirmed that the first cry of revolution took place on
August 23, 1896 in Pugad Lawin.

Today, the Pugad Lawin marker is at Bahay Toro, where Juan Ramos had supposedly
lived. But in previous decades, as will be discussed later, Pugad Lawin was said to have been
three kilometers or so to the northeast, where Ramos’ mother Melchora Aquino (“Tandang
Sora”) had lived near Pasong Tamo in barrio Banlat.

It is believed that the meeting before the revolution was initiated on August 23, while the
decision to revolt started on August 24. Many veterans believed that August 23 was the
historical day, however others specifically remembered the decision had not been taken until the
early hours of August 24. According to the Biak-na-Bato constitution of November 1897, one
signatories of the constitution was a participant of the “Cry”,Cipriano Pacheco, wherein it states
that, “the current war, initiated on August 24, 1896.”. According to Santiago Alvarez in his
memoirs Ang Katipunan at Paghihimagsik written on 1927, there are records entrusted to him
by the first leaders and fighters of the Katipunan contains the account of Ramon bernardo, a
Katipunan leader from Pandacan who was a participant in th “Cry” stated that the date of the
formal decision of the revolution was on August 24. It is also written on the “Borador ng pulong
ng Kataastaasang Sanggunian”, a rough copy of the Book of the Katipunan Supreme Council.

Sources coming from historians including Agoncillo and Medina believed that the “Cry” is
both the events of making the formal decision of the revolution and the tearing up of the
cedulas, and both of the said events took place at Pugad Lawin. Furthermore, they added that it
happened before the revolution at Balintawak. With sufficient evidence at hand, it is concluded
that the First Cry happened at the Pugad Lawin.

To sum up everything, our side of the house believes that the Cry first took place at
Pugad Lawin supported by relevant evidence such as the formal decision of the revolutionists to
revolt against the Spaniards and the ripping apart of their cedulas in the yard of Jose Ramos
which is both held on August 23, 1896 at Pugad Lawin, Quezon City. On 1963, due to Agoncillo
being one of the exceptional historians, President Macapagal declared that the 67th anniversary
of the “Cry of Pugad Lawin” on August 23 and will be a special public holiday in Quezon City.
This change was signaled formally in 1963 by President Macapagal, whose Proclamation 149
declared that the 67th anniversary of the “Cry of Pugad Lawin” on August 23 would be a special
public holiday in Quezon City. Proclamation 149 stated that the “pasya” was not the unang
labanan, hence Agoncillo’s definition of the “Cry” had become the official definition.
Group 6 - Agustin, Cuario, Olegario, Wang

References:

https://www.canadianinquirer.net/2014/06/08/cry-of-pugad-lawin-in-1896-a-showcase-of-the-fre
edom-loving-nature-of-the-filipino-people/

https://docs.google.com/document/preview?hgd=1&id=1FgVicButwUlb4xnwx0tIkK5MFk7LnwTd
YJmqEs2j_8w

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