Unit 1- Prose 1. The Refugee KA. Abbas {Al Warm-up exercise Can you imagine situation where jou are suet asked o vacate Your home in few hurt? Ina teblesisation? What can you takewithgou? What na yoo leave bind? This i happening ta lt of peopl in th worl even oy, {B) Note-on the writer Khwaja Ahmad Abbas (1914-1987) was an oustanding journals, film director and {Indo-Angtian weiter. His political novel ligullab (1955) has won wide acclaim. His short Story collections include Rice and Other Stories (1987) and Cages and Other Stories (1952). Abbas has also writen a fairly comprehensive biography of Indire Gandhi {C] Note on the lesson ‘ “The Refugee” sa moving and thougt- provoking tory of people who were uprooted ‘rom theirhomeand family In this story Maan was. a happy od woman ving in Rawalpindi (Cow in Pakistan) inher own house with a buffalo of her own giving her ll the milk she ‘needed and also a shop which gave her a regular income as rent. She was very happy, til ‘he partition of 1947 forod her to lave al his and go to Bombay ina refugee earavan Everything change. Her health deteriorated Stil she never complained. Sometimes she remembered he home in Rawalpindi and tears came to her eyes. TD] Reading The tragic storm of August- In October of tha: year of sorrowful September,1947, blew away nearly ten memories, this very storm lew two weak rilion people ike autumn eaves, rom one old Women into Bomb, hundreds of miles endothe country tothe ther—ffom Delhi away from thee respective home towns. to Karachi, fom Karachi to Bombay, from One of them was my awn mother and the Lahore to Delhi, fom Rawalpindi to Agra, other was the mother ofa Sith fiend and from Naokhali to Calcutta, from Calcutta neighbour of mine. Ore had come from the {0 Dacca, ffom Lyallpur 19 Panipat, from East Punjab and the other from the West Panipat to Montgomery! The thousand. Punjab one fem Panipat abd the ther fom ‘year-old joint family system was shattered Rawalpindi. By a strange chance they beyond repair. Age-old friends and eached Bombay on the same day. My neighbours were ruthlessly separated, other, along with other women and * Brother was torn away from brother children of my family, was evacuated from Uprooted from their ancestral homes, Panipat ine miltary muck and brought to rillions found themselves driventostrange sth. She stayed there for theee weeks tind alien ol, ‘erowded in a small rcom with two other aefamilies, and then came to Bombay by plane because it was still unsafe to travel y tra ‘My friend's mother, along with her old Isband, came in a refugee caravan from “Pind to Amritsar from thereto a refugee: camp in Delhi, and finally from shere to Bombay. | called my mather Amimaan, ahd my fiend calle his mother Manji, Wen both ‘ofthem arrived here I discovered that, that ‘vas about the only ‘ifference between these two old Women. ~ Maanjiused to liven Rawalpindi inher fown house. It was @ double-storeyed building, she told me one day. She oscupied the upper flor, while down below on the ‘round floor were shops, mostly tenanted by Muslim shopkeepers o artisans, Many other neighbours, oo, were Muslirs. There vasa close bond of good neighbouriness between al of them — Muslim or Hindu or Sikh, The Muslim women of the neighbourhood called the old Sidarni Behanji while the younger ones respsctfully addressed her Maanji ot Chachi. That was the pattern of living not-only in that neighbourhood, nt nly in Rawalpindi, but allover the Punjab 2 The town of Rawalpindi was the whole world for Manji. She hed never been kewhere. Her son worked First in Lahore, then in Caleuta, and finally in Bombay But toMaanji thes cities belonged to another, far-off world. If she had her way she would never have allowed her on to go far from home. She often argued with him, ‘What's the use of earning money, my son, when in those cities you got neither pure mill nor hee, nether apricots nor peaches, either grapes nor apples. And baggoogsshas? ‘Win inthe city they don't even know what Panorama — English for Communication thats" At home they hada butfal of their ‘own, giving no less than 10 seers of milk ‘every ay. After churning the curds to take ‘out butter, she would distribute the buttermilk to the whole neighbourhood. Everyone would thank her and say, “May your ‘on live a thousand years, Maanji'— ‘but that would remind her he on, eating hotel food in ety, and that would make her sad [Net far from "Pind they had @ bit‘of their own land leased to some farmers. ‘Twice a year, at harvest time, they would get their share ofthe produce — wheat or maize of bajra. Milk and butte? and ghee ‘were. of course, available at home. Then there was a small but steady income from thereat of the shops. And thus they lived— 1 contented old couple, at peace with ‘themseves, thei neighbours — and their God! ‘When in June 1947, the newspapers published the news of the impending Partition, it id not alarm oF even worry Mani or the old Sardati. Politics, they lays thought, was no coneérn of peaceful folk lke them Whether the country was called Hindustan or Pakistan, what did't matte? Their concer was only with theit ‘eightours, and with them thee relations had aiways been friendly, even cordial, ‘Therghad been iner-communal rots inthe past — “It was a fever of the ming, son, ‘wich seized the people now and then’— but never had they been involved in any ‘unpleasant incident. This time the fire of hate and violence raged more fiercely than ever before, but even then Maan was sure that it would soon coo! off. Her son wrote from Bombay asking them to come there, but Maanji would not agree to abandon herThe Refuaee 3 ‘beloved Rawalpindi, Many ofr relations the tngawallah was ile, They eld him and Sikh and Hindu neihbours went away because he was a Hindu — but they did to‘Baat Puna but she stayed on ier not pare cven the horse. You know a horse house, Whenever anyone sai that it was has nether religion nor caste. Ad yet ty dangerous fr Sisto lve in West Punjab, _ went on tabbingthe poor nial wth thee she would say, Who will harass us here? daggers til the poor, dum create bed “Aft ll the Muslims who five atound us _ death, Then | knew the madness had gone areal ike my wn chldren—are'tthey?” {00 far and human Butthencamethe Mustinrefgeesfrom someting els, somthing horrible and evi the East Punab, with biter fesling of that ws could no longer fee! safe in retenge ard hat. The svaon in ‘Pind: Raval became inreasingly dangerous for Hindus Andso se locked up her host leaving nd Sikhs, and some of Maaaj's own everything behind just as it was, She sil Maslimneighbourscametoherandpeaded di not imagine that she was. abandoning with her to gosmay to place of safey.. herheathand ome forever. The prevalent And yet there were some who reassured” madnes, she hoped; woud blow over one er and promised tht they would protet day and then she would eur home But Serle honourand property with theiown bythe tine we reached Deh sean with fives, Inparcular the ld lady remembers a sigh ny old eyes saw things horible thelyaldevtion ofa Musi ile a tenant things — both thee and here thet od ws «ftir, io kept watch night and day on that we 2uld never again g ton By {ier house.“May e live ong, she always thetimethey reached Bombay themetony esses him, he tly helped us and saved _ of her home in Rawalpindi was ey spa | unlike areal son * inter aged her. Some of the refuges from the East, In Rawalpindi shicusedto lve ina house Panjab wereSayingin ther neighbourhoos. with sx spacious rooms, wide veranda, Maanj was so moved up by ther pable and a big courtyard. In Bombay she and ‘condition that she voluntarily sent them her husband ive wth het son, ina single Aonations of fod sts, lathes, blankets, room ferement with dhobicocapyng tnd bedding — and it never occurred 10 the room on onesie, anda coashop on for tha they were Masins,suppuned Lo the other, There i @ small kichen which te the enemies of her people, and so she also series as dning-roors,batroom and cought otto hei them. Nor didshe imagine .storeroum. When my (lend Ined there ttatsoon se, too, woul beina plight very alone, the oom was always in a mest similar to theirs. books, newspapers, dirty linen and ‘Then something happened that snapped unwashed tex-cups lying about eveywhere the lat thread of her faith. On the road, in. But anyone who visits the same plice now ffont‘of her Rouse, & tongawallah was finds Wt completely changed, Wihin Ne stabbed to death, Ths is how Manji. "#rtw nis. eventhingis spotless clean, decribed th ih incident andher own | welarrnged. Ther are white shes on ‘slings tt. "Son, twas bad enough that thebeds with embroidered pillows, the :Floor shines with constant scrubbing, and there is not a particle of dust or di anywhere, In Rawalpindi Mean had two rmale-ervants anda maid-sevant. Hereshe cooks with her own hands, washes the dishes, sweeps the floor. But she has a ‘naternal smileand a pleasant smile for any friend of her son who happens 16 drop in nd, of cours, she, would never let anyone fg0 away without eating something oF at least taking a cup of tea, Maanji has lost hee hearth and home, all he Kies savings and possessions. From a prosperous land lady in Rawalpindi, she has become a refigee in Bombay; but her hospitality has ‘ot ostts North Indian lavour and fervout! “Manji has fate complexion, rathor short stature and frail body, her hair which ‘was already grey has turned almost ‘completely shite since after the patton, And her health is not $0 good. She gets attacks of asthma and neuralgia. But she never sits ile for moment, never relaxes ‘or sleeps except for six hours at nigh. First to getup inthe morning, last to goto sleep, throughout the-day she is-constantly Panorama — Engi for Comineaton ‘working. Whether itis cooking for her son, for dating and mending her husband's ld clothes or making tenor lassi for a guest, she insiston doing everything With her own hands. Seeing her you would never imagine that she isa refugee who lost ad suffered so much, She never proclaims her tage. She never curses oF abuses' those who made he- leave her home. She still remembers her Muslim neighbours with affection and brightens up whenever her husband reads out a letter received trom Rawalpindi Only very occasionally a Sof, cold sigh escapes her lips, as she says: ‘Your Bombay may be'a great and grand city, son, But we can never forget our Rawalpindi — those pearsand apricots and apples, those grapes and melons and baggoogoshas that’ you never’ get in Bombay.” ‘And stddely se silent teas bubbtiig up ine ire, old eyen- Ase it seems that in the intensely human heat of his eee there is neither anger nor hated, either rancour ar sel-pity but oly memories — ‘nemoriesthat are soft like ripe apricots and fragrant like baggoogoshas. [E] Glossary refugee «person who flees fom his home or country to seek protection celewnere the storm of August-September, 1947 the communal hatred between the Hindus and Muslims and the consequent persecution of the minorities, that followed the formation of Pakistan in 1947 fom Delhi ro Karachi et: the persecuted Muslims fled from India ro Pakistan andvunder Similar compulsion Hindus fled from Pakistan india, refugee caravan + a large number of refugees travelling together Arwnaan (Hindi) + mother Ingullab (Urdy) + revolutionBehanji (Hindi) + sister Maanji (Hindi) + mother (Chachi (Hindi) paternal aunt ‘Saggooggshas : “a variety of pears grown in Kashonir impending bout to happen (especially, something unwelcome) Partition” * “the bifurcation of India into two nations ‘cordial ‘warm and genuine = calm down trouble; vex through repeated attcks ‘existing or occuring at that time ass off y | 00m or Set 6f rooms used as a Separate dwelling place inva confsed or jumbled state hard rubbing or brushing ain in a nerve or along the course ofa nerve rancour bitter hatred or ilwill = [F] Vocabiilary 1. Use the following words and phrases in sentences of your own, 1 ancestral Ge Steer 2. contented LEASH 2 3. cordial Se ee 4. blow over ee ee aA 5. cooloff ee eee ae TL Write down the difference in meaning between the words in each pair, 1. farmer emer: 2. chance choice : 3. plane plain 4 discover invent 5. story storey: HL Give the antonyms (opposites) of te following words. Ltragic x 3. uprooted x S.ruthless) x 2. reassured x 4 pitiable” 6 snapped x JV. Give the synonyms (meanings) of the following words. 1 contended = 3. impending - 5. refugee - 2. communal - 4biter —* 6. argued -6 _ Panorama —Englishfor Comicon Y. Fll inthe blanks and complete the story. It all happered in the year . Frignds and ere separated ‘They were from their homes. ‘The author's friend's mother hed come From along with her old husband in a She was called in Rawalpindi, ‘Maslin or SiR lived in and__=_, Manji loved ie Fresh milk he pears, the grapes and the apples. ‘i Im June 1967, they were In Rawalpindi she nad lived in 2 Now she lved'n a Sill everthing was ‘and wellarrange. Earlier she had 3 servants, Here she had to do everything herself Siill she retained her generous nature, She never those who made her leave her home, Stil when she remembers her od Home shes very sa, [G) Comprehension Answer the following questions in one or two sentences. | What des Abbas mean by the words the rage storm of August-September, 19477? 2. What hapoened to the minority communities in the wake of patton? 53. What was Maanii’s reaction tothe “impending partition? 4, How did the Mustim neighbours show their affection for Maan? 5, How did Maan take the loss she had suffered?” TL. Answer the following in @ paragraph each, a 1. How do rfugees adapt to their new life in an unknown land? 2fs Maui angry with the people who made her lave her home? 5. Contrast tele of Manji before and after the partition. TI, Write an essay on the following. How does Abbas arouse the conscience of his readers through he story “The Refugee’?q r The Reger 7 (H] Functional Grammar Kinds of Sentences ‘A sentence isa group of words which gives complete meaning.-The fou kind of sentences are — ‘8. Declarative/ Assertive sentence: They stat facts, describe things or narrate evens, eg [lke dolls b, Interrogative sentence: They ask questions or make enquires eg How are you? {Imperative sentence: They may: be commands or requests which may be postive ‘OF negative. eg. Toke the pen. (postive; Don? be stubborn, (negative) 4. Exclamatory sentence: They express strong felings and emotions such assurprise, shock, admiration, wonder, pity ete. eg. What @ wonderful palace! ‘Task [Wdentify the kind of sentence and change the following as given in the brackets 1. All want freedom. (intéecogative) 2-13 it good to be proud? (assertive) 3. You have to answer all the questions. (imperative) 4. That was a terrible fal, (exclamatory) 5 Everyone wishes tobe ich, (nierrogatve) 6. Hurrah! We have.won the match. (assertive) ) Functional English L. Report Writing Read this model ofa report in a oeal newspaper. Dog found abandoned at New, colony yesterday evening, he found the Colony ‘whole place deserted. There was only a ‘The incessant rains forced the litle dog wandering onthe road. thad a inhabitants of New Colony to evacuate collar which had the name PINKY their homes. They left lastnight with inscribed on it. The dog refused to leave whatever they could pack in their the place. It waited patiently for its suiteases, When our reporter visited the owners to return‘ Panohama— Engl or Commarea Exercise Imagine'that you are‘a reporter who has een called to write @ rsport om the vacation of Maan ami. Give your report a suiable eke MAAN BIDS TEARFUL GOODBYE TO ‘PINDI “Writing . < hve yorscves into gouge, Rewrite he try ev ye were on te neiiiours of Maat: You gam star lke this. Maan to vein Ravan inhr own house, My ise was ine sane sree, just two houses away from her's2. The Postmaster : ‘Rabindranath Tagore (A] Warm-up exercise Discuss wih your clas student the diferene between Ordinary post, Speed post and Registered post Have e-mail gretngs made postal greetings obsolete? Do you stil fave the habit of sending pening cards fo your frends? [B] About the writer Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1961) came from a family that produced pionesring composers, painters, poets. He was the fist Indian member e the Indian Ci Service he was probably one ofthe fist Modems of the Victorian ag In 1913 he was awarded the Nobel Prize fer the Giana, collection of translations > his poms into English While Tagore played his part on the international stage as "ward poe he also continued tobe engaged in Bengal in what was hismost profound underaking the delving nt he subconscious ofthe midile clas, secular Bengal Poyhe. [C] About the story ‘The story by Tpgorehes servant gil Ratan anda postmaster asitscentra character. ‘Though writen in 1891, the story suprisingly modern. Tiss due to the heme, which steak of exile an alienation, longing for human companionship and separations, Iti a staiphforward simple story, ied with descriptive pasage, blige, and sounds ofeanre [D] Reading. As con ase tok up employment te Unfamiliar places fond hin become aloof postmaster found himself stationed at orawiward Which as wy he ian mi Uiapur was village of no censequece. too casly withthe local people. the other ‘Therewasanindigo plant's hme nearby. hand heGdhthaveenowork wo oceupy andthe ib had made every ffit 0 him. From time to time he step 4 pos ofc established inthe environs. write a poem or two. The sentiments he ‘Our postmaster was a young man ftom —expested in them were largely that life Calcutta. Arriving in this village left him passed in great happiness in the day-long. feeling nct very unlike a freshwaier fish that Proximity of the tremor of trees and leaves ‘has been lifted onto a riverbank His office and of the cloudy sky—but the lord of his ‘vasa dak thatched shed far away thre ines self kw tat some wat out wate Rect ceaed fem warn ugison| of HAT ian nord were eters tha its borden. The agus and workers atthe anduproo none night thetrca wi th plantation had lilt on theishands and gree branches and leave amacadam oad were anyway unfit to mix with gentel i their place, several albuldings were Bae {0 chiterate the clouds inthe sy that were Moreover theyoungian fom Caleura "2 sary viable this blend progeny ‘was parteularly lacking in sosial skills,The Post Mester of bhadralok society would receive a new lease of life ‘The postnaster’s salary was negligible He had to cook himself, and a parentless Biel from the village would do his household ‘work, in exchange fora litle food. The girl, ‘was Ratan. She would have been twelve or thirteen yeits old. There seemed to be ‘no great possibilty of hee getting marred ‘When, in the evening, smoke, curving and coiling, rose from cowsheds in the villages, crickets began to be heard in the bushes, and intoxicated Baul mendicants the distance struck their drums and eymbals and launched into song in highpitched voices—when, sitting inthe dark porch ‘there would be a small palpitation even ing ‘poet's heart, thea, lighting slender wick in the comer of his room, the postmaster would call, ‘Ratan’. Ratan would be siting by tile oor awaiting the call, but would not come ito the room when she frst heard i; she'd say, "What is it babu, why ae you calling ‘The Postmaster: What are you doing? Ratan : U have to go right now to light ‘the stove—in the kitchen, ‘The Postmaster: Oh you can do your Ikitchen-work late—would you first bring sme my hookah? Alli later, Ratan would enter, blowing into the ookah, her cheeks inflated, Taking the hookah into his hands, the postmaster asked suddenly: ‘Ratan, do you remember {your mother?” That was a lengthy matter, ‘what she remembered, and What she dnt er father loved her more than her mothers she remembered him a little. He would return home in the evening after a day's hhard work; one or two of those evenings, {oro good reason, hd remained imprinted like pictures in het mind. As she spoke of these things. Ratan would gradually lower herself onto the floor beside the postmaster. ‘She would recall she had a younger brother—on a monsoon day years ago they hhadstood by a pool and, pretendiaga broken branch was. fishing-rod playeda: a make- believe game of catching fish—this memory came beck to her more fequenty ‘than more important events, They would talk in this way late into the night sometimes, andthe postmaster would fel too lazy then to cook anymore. The ‘moming’s leftovers would still be thre, and Ratan would. quickly light the stove and mabe a few chapatis—in this way they'd both make do forthe nights meal ‘On certain days in the evening, the postmaster, sitting upon the office bench in fone corner of that large shed, would introduce the subject of his own family — his younger brother, mother, elder sister, ‘thos people for whom his heart ached as he sat by himself in a foreign place. Things that he always remembered but couldn't speak of any circumstance o the agents atthe plantation were what he weuld tlk about with thisiliterate insignificant girl, ‘without thinking tin anyway inappropriate, ‘As a resul, the girl, in the course of the conersation, beyan to refer to the people in hs family as ‘mother’, “elder sister’. "elder brother.” as he did, She even drew, ‘rom imagination, their forms and features upor the small canvas of her heat (One day, during the monsoon, ¢ tender, slightly warm breeze was blowing on a cloudless aftemoon; sort of fragrance had risen from the wet grass and tres inthe sunlight; it seemed as if the war breath llama cle aatiofthe exhausted earth wore falling against ‘one’s skin; and somewhere a persistent bird repeated its complaint in one long-dravmn note before the court of nature's creation ‘the afternoon long. The postmaster had no ‘work on his hands— the movement of the rainwashed leaves on the tres, become smooth and satiny that day, and the ‘vanquished rains’ ruins—the piles of many- levelled clouds made white by the sun— ‘were truly something to look at; the postmaster was contemplating this sight and ‘thinking, ifat this time there wee someone near who was truly my own—st one with my heart, a human figure that was a tender ‘object oflove. Gradually it appeared him ‘that that hird too was saying this very thing repeatedly, and that wha the branches were ‘murmuring in the midst of that humanless seclusion of forest shade was of more or less the same nature, Noone. Would believe it nor cometo know oft, bu, inthe midst of profound silence on a long off-day, ‘thoughts like these arose in the mind of & eglgiby-salried ubpossterin small village. ‘The postmaster sighed deeply and calle: “Ratan’. Ratan was then, legs outstretched, beneath a guava tree, eating & guava: hearing her master eall she ran to him without delay—out of breath, she said, "Dadababu, did you want me?” The postmaster said, ‘I'm going to teach you to rea ate every day’. So saying he spent the entire afternoon teaching her 1 speak the alphabet. And inthis way, ony afew ays. they had gone past the stage of the compound letters. ‘There was no end to the rain‘in the ‘month of Sravan. Canals, lakes, and rains filled with water. For twenty-four hours the Panorema— English for Cnmmunlesion sound of frogs and ofainfal. The paths of, ‘the village were, in one sense, out of use— people had to go in canoes to the market square, ‘One day it was very-eloudy at dav. ‘The postmaster's student had been siting expectant fora long time atthe door, bu, ‘not hearing the call, which on other days ‘vas punctual as eould be, slowly entered the room with her small bundle of books. She saw the postmaster was Iying in the string-bed. Supposing him to beresting, she began again leave the room while taking ‘are not to make a sound. Suddenly she Theard—"Ratan!”, Quickly returning she said, “Dadababu, were you asleep?” The ‘postmaster, sad in & woeful voice, I don’t (ould you touelt my Hire inthis quite companionless fren ple, inthe heavy downpour, the aficted body longed fora ite Joking after: What ‘ame {0 mind was the touch ofa mother or an elder sister by one's side; and this imigrant’s desire didn't remain unfulfilled. The litle git Ratan didn’t stay a litle ge. A that instant she was transformed into a smother. She got the local yaidya to pay 3 visit, gavethe postnaster the medicinal pill atthe right times, remained awake all night by the bedside, cooked the sick men’s food by herseif and would ask repeatedly, “Tell me, dadababu, are you beginning to fee a lie better?” Many day’ ater the postmaster, much thinner, abandoned the sickbed; he'd ecided; No.more have to get a transfer ‘out of here somehow, Citing a loca illness. the immediately sem femal request othe authorities in Caleuta for a teansfe. Hor service atthe sickbed having come to anThe Post Master ‘nd, Ratan returned to her ol place outside the door tothe room. But she wasn't called in as before. She'd occasionally peep in to See that the postmaster, in an extremely bsentminded way, was siting onthe bench {rad Iain down on the string-bed. While Ratan sat waiting in hope of being ‘summoned, he was impatiently awaiting the reply to his request, The gil sat down by the door and reread her old textbook ‘numberless times, What if she was suddenly calle agin and, on tat day, found herself completely confused about the compound letters: this was the cause of some trepidation Inthe end, after about & ‘week had passed, there was cal for her ‘one evening: Her heart brimming with excitement. Ratan entered the house and said, ‘Dadababu, were you calling me?” ‘The Postmaster sai, “Ratan, I'm leaving tomorrow", Ratan: Where are you going, dadababu? ‘The Postmaster: Home, ‘Ratan: When willyou come back gain? ‘The Postmaster: I won't come back: Rutan ‘didn’t ask “sion any other ‘questions ‘The postmaster informed her ofis own ‘accord that te had applied fora transfer. and that ‘the application had been denied. and so he was putting in his resignation and Fetuening home. No one spoke for long ‘hile. The light ofthe earthen lamp began to licker weakly and in one part ofthe room Fainwater fell drop by drop, through an aperture in the ageing roof, upon an carthenware vessel below, After some time, Rata rose slowly and ‘began to knead some dough inthe kitchen Her task wasnt finished as quickly as it was on other days. Probably thoughts travelled in and out of her head. When the postmaster's diane was over. the i asked him, ~Dadababu, will you take me home With you? The postmaster laughed and said, How can | do that?” He di’t think it ‘necessary to explain to her the reasons that. ‘made it impossible for him o give any other All night long, in ber sleep and dreams, the sound ofthe postmaster’'slughter rang in het ears—"How can I do tht?” Early in the niorning the postmaster woke up to see that the water ‘or his bath ‘was ready; in keeping with the customs of Calcutta, he used to bathe in water hat had been collected in a pail For seme reason, ‘the girl hadn't been able'to bring herself ask him at what time he'd set ut, she'd one late at night to the river to colest the Water incase he peeded'it at dawn, When the bath ended, Ratan was summoned, Ratan entered the house soundlssly and, vaiting directive, gazed silently upon her master’s face. Her master said, ‘Ratan I'l tell the man who's going to come in'my place he'll take care of you jut as t did, you don’t have to worry besause I'm Jeaving”. That these Sentiments came from ‘2-most tender and’ compassionate heart there was no doubt, but its difficult to fathom a feminine heart. Ratan had for many days silently tolerated many sharp Femarks from her master, but couldn't endure these gentle words. Overcome, she cried, "No no, you don’t have to say anything to anybody. | don’t want to stay here’ ‘The postmaster had never sien Ratan lichave inthis way; he was astonished,2 Panorama — English for Communication ‘The no postaster rived. After ft mek tht warlabandoned ortan caputiogto nhs hid chil wh rebut he dha poumese wasn) tetany. reached lhe so en a ate lvng heeled Ratan ond tient ad hig behind ar, ‘Rat, ve nor ber alto giveyou te reat pyres ot Banks could be teyog Today. bore pg raving seenands eared by. the river the soretingbersen.yolfodtllbajove_ tert elon, nd a sow ight foo do {ckhsSh ih hemind Tere sorny Tica suanynbiiiheiy aeeeeae Mime ieee pe eS | leo ltt Micteteoce for the expenses of the journey. Then Ratan Whom in this world? faltotieduwtndenbracing set sig- But no rch sight cre 10 Rata’s ‘Dads! lstyourte fees flat md. Sx wen unig, eny Sear rrarne each epee we, Cans ee tead atn aes evn. ger nf noone lg ofc pon offen: Pepe Ces ‘eas to mo abet mean hen Ina was ensut hope abe er 0d th Dart fdped fal fom it plan deat Sing nck—apped a od ‘The ex-postmaster sighed, hung the herself unable to go far from where she carpet-bag from one arm, balanced the WAS roaming, Alas, the mistaken human Umbrella on one shoulder, having lied the heart! ks delusions never end, the laws of athena a HO ea Selecteer oc ania ty ort has fe hope wth both raed sett ted etna bot and Rad ST pwns arte oy, srs ere: inst binning Se te od an cig te nm, ete of ttf teen erie aera y iri sutoing face of en crdnry rr sturto oes ight eect andthe mind ast uling fc of anor rly rena 0 embrace Ie ext ‘encompassing, inarticulate pain. At one ‘18/0 pointe feta grest desire "Let me back, Translated from the Bengali by ‘AmitChaudhuri {E] Glossary indigo - + very dark blue in colour rmacadem 1 a road surface made of layers of broken stones, mixed with tar smendicant =, (especialy of meters of religous groups) living hy ~ asking peopl for money ad fod trepidation : grat ‘worey or fear about something unpleasat that may’ happen . aperture + smal opening in somethingThe Post Master ® canoe Aliph narrow boat which you move along inthe water with a paddle ‘inarticulate (of people) no able to express ideas or felings clearly oreasily negligible small quantity that need not even be considered progeny offipring: descendants obliterate blot out combals: bronze or brass plates struc to make sound seclusion privacy woeful distressed delusion false impression [F] Comprehension 1. Complete the folowing statements by selecting the best alternative. 1. The postmaster was a young men from - (Bombay; Delhi: Calcutta) 2. The postmaster would write at times when he was fre. (poem: story; diary) 3. Ratan always sat by the of the postmaster's room, (window: tile doo; clock) 4. Thepostmster mostly had {or diner. (rice chapats; sweets) ‘5. When the postmaster left the vlage he gave —— to Ratan, (a bag: ‘money; pet) IL State whether the following statements are true oF false. ‘The job at Ulapur was the fist jot of the postmaster Ratan didnot come as soon as she was called as she was very proud, ‘The postmaster taught Ratan the English alphabet. Ratan nursed the postmaster when he fell ‘The postmaster offered Ratan partof his salary before leaving. IIL Answer the following questions in « paragraph cach. “1. What sort of place was Ulapur? 2. “How did the postmaster become acquainted with Ratan? 3. What were the usual stores ditcussed by the two? 4. Why did the postmaster speak of hs family to Ratan? ‘5. Why did the postmaster deve to lave Ulapur? IV, Essay. “Friendship and separation are an inevitable part of life’. Comment with reference to the story “The Postmaster« Panorama — English for Conitmunication {G] Vocabulary 1. Write he plural form ofthe words given and use them in sentences of your own. 1 analysis: 2. forum 3, sumo 4, ese 5. foot [TL Expand the following abbreviations. 1. MBBS 4. YWCA 2. PTA 5. UNO 3. Var, 6. VPP. 1, From the following pairs of sentences identify the correct sentence. |, She even may help you if you ask. She may even help you if you ask. 2, Thee never had been an Orchestra ike this. “There had never been an Orchestra like this. 3. Heplays violin wel bute no very wel a singing -Heplays violin well bt he ent ery good at singing. 4, Vhinly request yu todo thio ne request yu Kindly odo th forme. 1 shall be much grateful to ou if you could do this forme. 1 shal be much great o you fyou could do this for me. (H] Functional Grammar Articles “There are tne articles in English the indefinite aries ae aand am andthe iit article the “Ais used before guns begining wit a consonant (team) and with vowels having the sound of consonants (a univers). ‘Anis used before words bepinning with vowel (an elephant) and wih words where the nal hs silent (an ba). : “Theis sed before a thing known reference, named of bulfings, ordinal (seco). soon reper nouso, paral uncounable pun, only oe of i kind (the su) anes {he religious books, ves, deans, seas lands, superaive degre (the Best)The Post Master 8s Task Fill in the blanks with suitable articles. 1. Binstein became one of greatest thinkers of the word 2 hatchlings are kept in open in__ basket for hour of 3 ‘tm seemed to breakout from behind the clouds 4. He gave_one hundred-rupee note to honest bay 5. Heis undergraduate student in ‘univers 1) Functional English Informal or Personal Letters ‘Persénal leters are those written to relatives, friends and acquai ‘consists ofthe following. + Adress and date: The writer’ addres and date are given atthe righthand top come ofthe page. + Greeting: The greeting may be formal, beginning with the word “dear + Body ofthe leter: This isthe text containing the nessage. The paragraphs may be indented, ‘ + The complimentary close: This is «shor expression in a few words. * The sguaure tne: This bears the name and signature ofthe sender + A sample showing a ler of congratulations on winning an award. TNo.12, Lake View ‘Nungambakkam Chennai 600 024 19 Nov. 2006 Dear Arundhati, || was extremely delighted to know that you have won the national award for the “Best Teacher of the Year. This is well-deserved honour and I fel that ths recognition should have come to you much earlier | know your dedication tothe profession and have had the opportunity to see the love you have for your students. I remember how you were voted the favourite teacher inthe college year after year. At last your herd work, ‘dedication and commitment have been recognized {fel so happy for you My parents join me in felcitating you on this occasion. Hearty congratulations once again. I am sure you will continue your god ‘work. May more and more honours come your way ll through your carer, Sincere,Eaercne «weston you ond conganlating hin otis psing lA sania, + Wks este your puodter ying 30 re pleming 0 Ped our voles wae ;The Posi Master TL Writing Paragriph Writing = + Given below is a set of jumbled séniences. Arrange them in propet onder tv form a coherent paragraph and give an appropriate ttle Sree) a ‘A person has to give the fax numberof the receiving machine and the document ‘to be sent, {Inno time does your message reach atthe other end asa photo print. 4 government telegraph office. fax facilities are available to the publi. ‘The machines are connected through telephone lines. 3 ‘Now many governments, as well as, private offices aid individuals have this faciy. " Fax is one ofthe quickest means of transmitting facsimile or exact copies of ‘documents, (fist sentence) 3