GASP® Polarimeter

TM
GASP-CS Polarimeter
TM
LCD-GASP Polarimeter
TM
Video-GASP System

INSTRUCTION MANUAL

STRAINOPTICS® GASP Grazing Angle Surface Polarimeter

Strainoptics, Inc.
 Table of Contents

A. Introduction 3
B. Compensator (Measuring Wedge) 3
C. Instrument Setup 4
D. Measuring the Practice Sample 5
E. Obtaining and Image on Your Glass 6
F. Measuring Surface Stress on Your Glass 7
G. Troubleshooting 8
H. Instrument Adjustments (Advanced) 12
I. The GASP-STATION Accessory 17
J. Maintenance 18
K. Spare Parts List 21
L. Warranty 23
M. Quick-Start Guides – Laser GASP 24
N. Quick-Start Guide – Laser GASP-CS 26

Note to LCD-GASP and Video-GASP users:

These operating instructions were written based on using the instrument with the standard
eyepiece; therefore, references to certain components may not be applicable to your
GASP model. This does not affect the procedure for obtaining an image or taking a
measurement.

Guide to on-screen LCD-GASP monitor adjustments (located at rear of display):

 Brightness
The Display on the LCD GASP must be powered on
 Contrast before each use by depressing the Power button on
 Saturation the rear panel. It will turn off automatically.
 Hue

Use “M” key to display Menu

= increases setting value
= decreases setting value

PLEASE READ THE IMPORTANT NOTICE ON PAGE 28 REGARDING THE LCD-GASP

BATTERY PACK AND CHARGING INSTRUCTIONS.

© Copyright 2012. All rights reserved. Reproduction of this manual, figures, photographs, or any part of its contents without written authorization
from STRAINOPTICS, INC. is prohibited.

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 STRAINOPTICS® GASP®
GRAZING ANGLE SURFACE POLARIMETER
A. Introduction
This manual describes the Strainoptics GASP portable Grazing Angle Surface Polarimeter,
and provides instruction on its use for non-destructively measuring surface stress in clear or
tinted architectural and automotive glass. The level of surface stress is recognized by ASTM
and other industry standards organizations to be representative of the relative load strength of
the glass, as well as indicative of its fragmentation characteristics (break pattern).

The GASP polarimeter is used to measure surface stress on the tin side of uncoated thermally
treated float glass to determine the level of annealing or to characterize it as heat-
strengthened or tempered (toughened). Since it measures stress at the surface, the GASP
polarimeter performs equally well on laminated or insulated glazing units as long as the tin
side to be measured is facing out. It cannot be used to evaluate interior plies or edge stresses.

The Strainoptics GASP polarimeter may be used to follow ASTM Standard Test Method
C1279, Procedure A, “Measuring Surface Stress in Flat Glass.” For measuring edge stress per
C1279, Procedure B, we recommend the Strainoptics GES-100 Glass Edge Stress Meter. For
material specifications, including acceptable surface stress ranges, refer to ASTM C1048 or
EN 1863-1 (Heat Strengthened) and EN 12150-1 (Toughened).

Since the measurement results from the proper use of the GASP polarimeter may be easily
correlated with the results of destructive tests for determining the mechanical strength of
toughened glass, the GASP polarimeter qualifies as an accepted “alternative method” for
Factory Production Control per EN 12150-2, thereby greatly reducing the need for destructive
sampling.

The Strainoptics GASP polarimeter is available in several different models; however, the
operating instructions for each model are similar. Where there are differences, they will be
noted in this manual. The various models are:
Laser GASP: For measuring relatively flat surfaces, with radius of curvature >20 in (500 mm)
Laser GASP-CS: For measuring flat or curved surfaces, radius of curvature >8 in (200 mm)
Auto-GASP: Video-GASP, but ac-powered with software for automatic calculation and reporting of angle and stress
LCD-GASP: Laser GASP with CCD camera and built-in 3.5” LCD monitor instead of eyepiece
Fiberoptic GASP: Halogen or metal halide light source for dark glass
Fiberoptic GASP-CS: Halogen or metal halide light source for curved dark glass
Video-GASP: Laser GASP with CCD camera and 9” monochrome CCTV monitor
Video-GASP-PC: Laser GASP with CCD camera for viewing on laptop or desktop PC
GASP-CS-TV: For measuring cathode ray tube TV glass (available laser or fiberoptic)

B. Compensator (Measuring Wedge)

Your instrument has been supplied with either a standard, high-sensitivity, or very high-
sensitivity compensator (also referred to as a measuring wedge). The selection of the proper
compensator is application-specific, i.e., the higher the sensitivity of the compensator, the
higher the resolution but over a more limited range. Generally, annealed glass would require a
2X (or higher) sensitivity compensator and heat-strengthened or tempered glass would require
the standard compensator. Since compensator assemblies are easily interchangeable, you may
order additional compensators from Strainoptics to accommodate your application. Specify
GASP-LWC-ST for a standard compensator and GASP-LWC-HS for a high-sensitivity
compensator.

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 NOTE: The factory stress conversion chart supplied with the instrument is valid only for the
compensator identified on the chart. A GASP polarimeter equipped with a standard 1X
compensator will have a different calibration characteristic than one supplied with a 2X or 3X
compensator. If you are using more than one compensator, be sure to refer to the correct stress
conversion chart.

Figure 1. GASP measuring wedge

C. Instrument Setup

BECOME FAMILIAR WITH THE PARTS AND THEIR FUNCTIONS

K. Prisms

B. Input Head
D. Output Head

I. Protractor
Dial
F. Input Head J. Vernier Indicator
Tilt-Adjust Knob

A. Battery Pack G. Mirror Pivot Lever

E. Input Head Locking Knob (not visible)
C. Six Screwheads H. Compensator
Figure 2. Laser GASP (Wedge) Assembly

Leveling Foot
(one on each side)

Figure 3. LASER GASP-CS Figure 4. LCD-GASP

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 Remove the GASP polarimeter from the carrying case. Be careful when picking up or handling
to avoid damaging or misaligning the components. Grasp the vernier support with one hand to
move the instrument, support the battery pack with the other hand, and do not allow the prisms
to touch any surface except when measuring. Between measurements, return the GASP to its
case or allow it to rest on its side. NEVER MOVE THE INSTRUMENT OVER THE
SURFACE OF THE GLASS

Figure 5. Proper way to handle GASP

D. Measuring the Practice Sample

1. Verify the “tin-side” of the practice sample supplied with the instrument (located behind the
foam padding in the case lid) using a UV light, Strainoptics UV-1301 or
equivalent. Compared to the “air side” of the glass, the tin side will seem hazy when
viewed under UV light. For best results, use in a dark or dimly lighted area.

Figure 6a. Method A Figure 6b. Method B

There are two methods of identifying the tin side of the glass using a UV light. In Method A, the
UV light is pressed flush against the surface of the glass and viewed from the other side. When a
haze appears through the glass, the tin side can be identified as the side against which the UV
lamp was placed. In Method B, position the UV lamp at a slight angle above the glass surface.
The side that exhibits a hazy appearance is the tin side

2. Place a drop (about 1/2” (12 mm) in diameter) of index matching fluid
(Strainoptics MIF-154) on the glass at the location where you will be making a measurement.
The refractive index of this fluid is designed for soda-lime float glass. Do not use other types of
fluids with the instrument; doing so may void the warranty and cause damage.

5
 3. With the power switch on the battery pack (Laser GASP) in the OFF position, insert the
small silver plug attached to the Input Head into the small jack on the side of the battery
pack. Turn the power switch to the ON position. Verify that the light is on by lifting the
instrument slightly and noticing the reflection on the surface of the glass or table. Note:
When the Laser GASP is not in use, always turn the power switch OFF and unplug the laser
to save battery power.

4. Place the GASP body onto its side, with the underside adjacent to the point to be
measured. Slowly raise the instrument to the upright position and lower it on the glass so that
the index fluid makes contact with both prism surfaces.

Figure 7. GASP polarimeter on practice sample.

5. Turn on the laser or fiberoptic light source and look through the instrument’s eyepiece. You
should see a bright image consisting of diagonal black lines on a red background (Laser GASP)
or diagonal color lines on a white background (Fiberoptic) or diagonal black and white lines
(Video GASP, LCD-GASP). The instrument is now set up properly for measurement. The
alternating diagonal lines are due to the presence of a wedge compensator. The inclination angle
and direction of tilt in these lines (called fringes) indicates the magnitude and type of stress
present (compression = left; tension = right)

If the image is poor, not visible, or if the black lines are vertical instead of diagonal, adjustment
of the optical components are required, you may have misidentified the tin side of the glass, or
the index fluid is not covering the prism surfaces. Repeat Steps 4-6.

6. Once you have verified that you are measuring on the tin side, but still cannot get a
satisfactory image, refer to the TROUBLESHOOTING section on Page 8.

E. Obtaining an Image on Your Glass

1. Using a soft tissue moistened with a commercial glass cleaner, gently clean
both the sample and prism surfaces, taking care to remove all abrasive particles
that could scratch the prisms.

2. Determine the tin side of your sample using a UV light as described on Page 5.

3. Place a drop (approx. ½” or 12 mm) of matching index fluid on the

measurement location.

4. LASER GASP: Insert the silver plug into the small jack of battery pack
BEFORE turning the power switch to the ON position to prevent possible
damage.

6
 5. Place the GASP on the sample so that the index fluid is covering the prism
surfaces as shown below.
Make sure that
these surfaces
are coated with
index fluid

6. Look through the instrument’s eyepiece or observe the image on the monitor.
You should see a bright image consisting of diagonal black lines on a red
background (Laser GASP) or diagonal color lines on a white background
(Fiberoptic GASP) or diagonal black and white lines (Video-GASP, LCD-GASP).

7. If the image is poor, not visible, or if the black lines are vertical instead of
diagonal, adjustment of the optical components are required, you may have
misidentified the tin side of the glass, or the index fluid is not covering the prism
surfaces. Repeat Steps 4-6.

NOTE: If using a standard GASP: Is the sample too curved at the point of
interest? The standard GASP is not recommended for surfaces with a radius of
curvature greater than 8 inches (200 mm). For curved surfaces, use the GASP-CS.
If using a GASP-CS:

a) position the instrument perpendicular to the curvature of the

glass. This will help maximize the contact between the prisms and
the glass surface.

b) Raise the two white leveling screws OFF THE GLASS so that you can easily
rock the instrument slowly back and forth (lengthwise) while looking
through the eyepiece and observing the quality of the image. When
you have a satisfactory image, lower the leveling screws to stabilize
the instrument.

c) The image quality may be further improved by slowly turning the

mirror pivot thumbscrew.

8. If you have verified that you are measuring on the tin side, but still cannot get a
satisfactory image, refer to the TROUBLESHOOTING section on Page 8.

F. Measuring Surface Stress on Your Glass

1. While looking through the eyepiece (or viewing on the video monitor), rotate the
protractor dial until the two black reticle lines are parallel to the observed diagonal
stress fringes, similar to the illustration in Figure 8. Note the angle reading at the vernier
mark (Figure 9).

2. Using the calibration chart supplied with your instrument, find the angle and read across for
the surface stress value in the desired units, MPa, psi, or Kgf/cm2 (Figure 10).

7
 IMPORTANT: THE SUPPLIED CALIBRATION CHART IS UNIQUE TO YOUR
INSTRUMENT AND IS NOT INTERCHANGEABLE. IF THIS CHART IS LOST OR
DESTROYED, CONTACT STRAINOPTICS FOR A REPLACEMENT. SPECIFY SERIAL
NUMBER .

Note: LCD and Video GASP Users will

observe fringes inclining to the right instead
of the left for surface compression.

Figure 8. Representation of image through GASP eyepiece, showing proper position for reading
angle from protractor dial (reticle lines parallel to fringes).

Figure 9. Reading angle from protractor dial at vernier mark

Figure 10. Sample of calibration chart for reading surface stress from angular GASP reading

G. Troubleshooting

1. Light source is on, but cannot obtain good image

a. Possible causes and solutions:

(1) GASP is not on tin side of glass (Use UV light to confirm,
see Page 5)
(2) Insufficient index fluid (Ensure that prisms are coated, see
Page 7)
(3) Poor prism contact with curved surface (Review GASP-CS
adjustments on Page 7)
(4) Instrument optics not adjusted properly (See Adjustment
Notes Below)
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 (5) Light source needs alignment (See instructions on Page 12)
(6) Prisms are dirty (Follow instructions for cleaning on Page
18)
(7) Prism are scratched or chipped (Contact Strainoptics)
(8) Laser needs recharging or replacement (Recharge or contact
Strainoptics to order replacement laser module)
(9) Exit prism installed incorrectly (See Page 19)

2. LCD GASP: No video image, screen flickers or does not display image properly.

a. Possible solution:

(1) Battery pack needs to be charged. Battery pack should be fully

Check to See That Power to the
Monitor is On. Depress Power Button
Located on Rear Panel.
recharged after approximately 6 hours of use or sooner if image
degrades. Use only the supplied smart charger to charge the LCD
GASP and DO NOT allow the batteries to become fully depleted.
If battery pack will not accept a charge (green light does not come
on), use the provided 6V emergency charger for about one hour, then
switch to the smart charger to complete the charging cycle. The
instrument can also operate from ac power using the Smart
Charger while the battery pack is being charged, unless the batteries
are fully depleted. In that case, the emergency charger must be used.

ADJUSTMENT NOTES

To maximize light intensity – If possible, position the sample horizontally on a table so that you
can look into it from its edge. Place the GASP at a midpoint on the surface of the sample, with its
output head facing you. With your eyes level to the sample, you should be able to see the light
exiting the glass edge. Loosen the input head locking knob and, while observing the light
intensity, slowly move the input head backward or forward until maximum light intensity is seen.
Tighten the input head locking knob.

To optimize the light path – Slowly turn the input head tilt-adjust knob while observing the
light exiting the sample at the edge. Adjust the light path until it is as close to the top surface of
the sample as possible, without losing light intensity.

After optimizing the light path, look down into the eyepiece. If you DO NOT see fringes, slowly
move the mirror pivot lever until fringes are visible. Then, slowly rotate the tilt-adjust knob until
the fringe lines are well defined. If the image appears cut off at either end, slowly slide the wedge
compensator assembly left or right to center the image and maximize the viewing area.

IF YOU LOSE OR CANNOT OBTAIN A READABLE IMAGE, THE INSTRUMENT ADJUSTMENTS MAY
HAVE FALLEN OUT OF RANGE. TO RESET, MOVE ALL ADJUSTING CONTROLS AT OR TO THE MID-
POINT OF THE SCRIBED WHITE HASH MARKS AS SHOWN IN THE FIGURE 11.

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Once a good image is obtained, rotate the protractor dial until the reticle lines in the eyepiece
are aligned parallel to the black fringe lines in the image as shown below.
Reticle lines
(Choose one to work with)
Fringe Negative Space

Reticle not Placing a reticle directly Placing a reticle line “very close” to the
parallel to fringe. over the black fringe edge of a fringe creates a sliver of light
does not give the best between the two. This sliver of light
indication of parallelism. (negative space) is easily balanced for
uniformity along the entire edge of the
fringe. This will give the most consistent
indication of parallelism.
1. Instrument does not appear to be measuring correctly.
a. Instrument may be out of calibration
(1) Adjust zero and protractor following instructions on Page 12
(2) Verify with (or order) Strainoptics Cal-Plate, see Page 21
(3) Contact Strainoptics for recalibration and/or repair

2. Power switch is on, but light source is not.

a. Possible causes and solutions
(1) Batteries need recharging or replacement
(2) Laser module needs replacement (See Page 15)
(3) Lamp bulb needs replacement (See Page 11)

3. If the Laser GASP light source is not functioning:

a. Check the ac adapter shipped with the instrument and used to
charge the battery pack.

(1) The laser module is polarity sensitive. Applying the

incorrect polarity may damage it. Verify that the tip of the
adapter is configured to be positive. There is a "+" on the
plastic just beneath the tip. If the tip has been configured as
negative, this may have damaged the laser and/or the battery
pack.

(2). Use a voltmeter to verify that the adapter is supplying proper dc

voltage when connected to line power. NOTE: LCD-GASP “smart”
chargers will not show voltage output if batteries are not installed.

(a) If there is no voltage present or if low voltage is present, the

GASP batteries may not be recharging. Replace the ac
adapter and fully charge the batteries (24 hours or until green LED
on smart charger illuminates.)

b. (Not for LCD GASP) Replace the GASP rechargeable batteries with new,
non-rechargeable AA batteries as follows:

(1) Remove the four screws that hold the battery pack cover
plate in place.

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 (2) Remove the 4 rechargeable batteries and replace with new
non- rechargeable batteries (check the new batteries to be
sure that they are supplying their rated voltage).

CAUTION:
DO NOT HAVE THE AC ADAPTER PLUGGED INTO
THE GASP BATTERY PACK WHEN NON-
RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES ARE INSTALLED. GASP
DAMAGE MAY RESULT.

(3) Plug the laser module into the battery pack and turn the laser
ON.

(4) If the laser functions and measurements can be made, install

new RECHARGEABLE batteries and fully charge them
before using the GASP.

(5) If the laser does not function, contact Strainoptics for a

replacement battery pack and/or laser module.

c. It is possible to verify laser function by connecting it to a battery

pack of another Laser GASP that is functioning properly.

If laser module or lamp bulb needs replacement:

In older units (serial # 101 to 126), to replace the bulb, unscrew old bulb and
screw in new bulb, Strainoptic # GASP-323. For the Laser-GASP, replace
the complete Laser-light assembly, GASP-LM-5, and reconnect to the
battery pack.

For white-light GASP using a fiberoptic illuminator, the light bulb can be
easily replaced, since the light source is separated from the optical unit, and
the light is carried to the optical unit by a fiberoptic cable. The bulb used is a
GASP-EKE. The fiberoptic cable replacement ordering code is GASP-FO-
CA. To replace the bulb, DISCONNECT the power cable from the AC
source before opening the power supply. Open the cover and remove the old
bulb. Replace with the new one, making sure that the surface of the bulb is
clean. Close the power supply.

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H. Instrument Adjustments (Advanced)

Light Input Head

Light Output
Head

Figure 11. Laser GASP

1. Light Source Alignment

In all GASP instruments, the Light Input Head (see Figure 11) holding the light source
(Laser or Fiberoptic) and lenses produces a collimated light, projecting a very thin
rectangular beam on the edge of the entrance prism. The source must be aligned (by
rotation) to ensure that the long dimension of the light rectangle is parallel to the prism edge
and perpendicular to the plane of incidence (Figure 12).

Light beam must

be perpendicular
to the long axis of
the GASP body

Figure 12. Proper imaging position of collimated light through input head

To ensure that the beam is collimated and that the light source is properly installed, loosen
the INPUT HEAD translation lock, move the head toward the Output Head until the light
emerges from the bottom of the entrance prism.
Lift the instrument and place a white paper below. Observe the thin, illuminated line. Now
slowly move the INPUT Head back (away from the OUTPUT Head), until the light arrives
at the back edge of the prism.

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WHEN PROPERLY ALIGNED, the illuminated line on the paper below the instrument will
dim uniformly along its entire length. Rotate the light source until the thin illuminated line is
perpendicular to the plane of incidence (parallel to the edges of the prism) and dims
uniformly as you retract the INPUT HEAD to its operating position.

2. Verification of GASP Protractor/Zero Adjust

This alignment should be performed ONLY by those familiar with GASP
operation.

Please have available the small polarizer (this item looks like a small dark piece of
plastic approximately 20 mm x 25 mm) located in the small transparent plastic bag
along with the 1/16” and 0.050” hex wrenches that were originally shipped with your
instrument.

The protractor is used to determine the angle of the fringes formed by the compensator. The
angle measurement is made by aligning a dual-reticle contained in the protractor eyepiece
assembly, parallel with the fringe system.

The Eyepiece and Reticle Mount is inserted in the Output Head Assembly. This component
contains the reference line used with the protractor to determine the angle of the fringes; in
addition, it holds the eyepiece, which is used to focus simultaneously on the fringes of the
wedge and the crosshair. This assembly has been preset to read 0ºº for zero stress.

a. Loosen the crosshair adjust screw.

b. Rotate protractor to read 0º and tape the dial to the viewer.
c. Rotate the eyepiece to align the crosshair parallel with the
observed fringe system on a zero stress specimen.
d. Then retighten crosshair adjust screw and remove the tape.

When no "zero stress" sample is available, it is possible to reset the zero using a reference
Polarizer or using symmetry of fringe pattern.

TO VERIFY THE "ZERO" WHEN A REFERENCE POLARIZER IS NOT

AVAILABLE, PROCEED AS FOLLOWS:

a. Verify that when the dial reads 0ºº, the crosshair is aligned with the 0
and 180º marks on the protractor dial.

b. Set up the GASP for measurement on the "practice" sample as usual.

- Read the angle of stress (θ1) at a measurement location on the

practice sample (example: θ1 = 52º).
- Remove the wedge and reintroduce the wedge from the
opposite end. (This rotates the wedge 180ºº)
- Read the angle again and subtract the reading from 360 to
obtain θ2. (As an example, assume the angle = 304o. Subtract
304 from 360 to arrive at θ2, or 56o). The average reading is
θavg = (θ1 + θ2) / 2. In the example: θavg = (52 + 56) / 2 = 54º.
Your zero setting is 2º off. (θ1 = 52, θavg = 54)
- Replace the wedge in the initial position.

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 - Set the dial on θavg (54º in example)º and tape the dial to the
viewer.
- Loosen the "zero set" setscrew.
- Adjust the crosshair to become parallel to observed fringes.
- Tighten the setscrew.
- Remove the tape.

3. Verification of Illuminator Alignment

a. Set up your GASP on any glass sample exhibiting stress per the instrument
manual such that a clear image is seen through the eyepiece.
b. Locate the compensator assembly (measuring wedge) as seen in Figure 13
c. Locate the wedge slide knob as seen in Figure 13. Make note of the
location and position of the wedge slider knob since it must be reinstalled
in exactly the same way.
d. Locate the wedge tension screw as seen in Figure 13
e. Loosen the wedge tension screw. Do not remove the screw.
f. Remove the wedge slide knob. Do not dispose of this knob since it will be
reinstalled.

Wedge Slide
Measuring
Knob
Wedge
Wedge Tension Screw

Figure 13. Compensator (wedge) adjustments

Pull in this direction to

remove wedge assembly

Figure 14. Removing wedge assembly

g. Remove the wedge assembly (Figure 14). Make note of the location and
position of the wedge since it must be reinstalled in exactly the same way.
h. Remove the polarizer and 1/16” hex wrench from the small transparent
plastic bag
i. Set the protractor to 90 degrees and tape it in place to prevent movement.
14
 j. Place the polarizer on the eyepiece and view the image through the eyepiece.
k. If the illuminator is aligned correctly, the alternating red and black lines will
be strictly parallel to the reticle lines when the protractor is set at 90º .
l. If the lines are not parallel to the reticle lines, then locate setscrew 1 and
setscrew 2 of the input head tilt assembly as shown in Figure 15a or 15b.
m. Using 1/16” hex wrench, loosen (do not remove) setscrew 1 and setscrew 2.

Tilt Assembly
Hinge

Setscrew 2
Knurled Tilt
Adjust Knob Laser Module

Setscrew 1

Figure 15a. Location of setscrews on input head tilt assembly, (Top View) in
Laser GASP

Setscrew 2 is
located on the right Setscrew 1 is
face of the tilt located on the
assembly. front face of the
tilt assembly.

Figure 15b. Location of Input Tube Setscrews on Laser GASP-CS

n. While viewing the image through the polarizer and eyepiece, carefully and
slowly rotate the laser module until the red and black lines are strictly parallel
to the reticle lines.
o. Tighten setscrew 1 and setscrew 2.
p. Remove the polarizer from the eyepiece.
q. Reinstall the wedge assembly.
r. Reinstall the wedge slider knob.
s. Tighten the wedge tension screw. Be sure to not tighten it in such a way as to
prevent the wedge from sliding if needed.

15
 t. Verify that the Laser GASP measured the correct stress of your traceable
standard or Strainoptics Cal-Plate.
u. Contact Strainoptics to order a Cal-Plate or for additional assistance if needed.

4. Instructions for Replacement of Laser Illuminator

The following instructions will ensure effective and efficient replacement of your Laser
GASP illuminator. Illuminator replacement should be performed ONLY by those familiar
with Laser GASP operation.

Please have available the 0.050” hex wrench originally shipped with your GASP.
a. Identify the laser module, lens barrel, battery pack, power switch, and laser
connector plug (Figure 16). For location of setscrews, see Figure 17.
b. Turn power switch OFF.
c. Disconnect laser plug from battery pack.
d. Use 0.050” hex wrench to loosen the two setscrews securing the laser module
in the lens barrel.

Laser Module

Lens Barrel

Power
Laser Connector Plug
Switch

Battery Pack

Figure 16. Laser module removed from lens barrel

Setscrew 1 Setscrew 2

Figure 17. Location of setscrews securing GASP laser module

16
 e. Remove the laser module from the lens barrel.
f. Insert the new laser module into the lens barrel.
g. Connect the laser plug to the battery pack.
h. Turn the power switch ON.
i. Hold the instrument a few inches above a clean, flat, white piece of paper.
j. Look for red laser light exiting the bottom of the GASP illuminating the paper

If no light is visible:
(1) Verify that the laser is connected properly.
(2) Verify that the rechargeable batteries are installed and fully charged.
(3) Verify that the battery pack is supplying approximately +5Vdc.
(4) Verify that the input head is positioned such that the laser light passes
through the entrance prism.

k. Carefully rotate the laser module (Figure 18a) until the red laser light seen on the paper is
of uniform width. It should resemble a thin rectangle.

18a 18b
Figure 18. Rotating laser module to obtain proper position of laser light

l. Stop rotating when the laser “rectangle” is perpendicular to the long axis of the GASP
body (Figure 18b)
m. Tighten the two setscrews.
n. The installation and adjustment of the replacement module is complete.
o. Carefully follow the instrument manual to verify the GASP performance against a
traceable standard. If one is not available, contact Strainoptics to order a Cal-Plate for
this purpose.

I. The GASP-STATION Accessory

The GASP-STATION accessory is a portable benchtop platform that safely holds any
Strainoptics Laser GASP® surface polarimeter when out of its carry case and not in use. It
protects the instrument’s prisms from accidental damage, while providing a built-in connection
for charging the battery pack from an ac outlet. It also comes with a refillable plastic dispenser
bottle and convenient holder for GASP index matching fluid.

17
 From Base to GASP

6 Vdc
from
Adapter
to Base

6V Adapter/Charger for STANDARD GASP Only.

NOTE: LCD GASP Uses SMART CHARGER Only.

J. Maintenance

1. Prism Installation and Cleaning of Optical Elements

The GASP is equipped with two prisms (Entrance and Exit) as described in Figure 21.

Attached to the beveled surface of the Entrance prism is a reflective coating. This coating is used
to guide the source light toward the glass to enable surface stress measurement. A black
protective coating has been applied over this reflective surface (Figure 19a).

For routine general cleaning of excess fluid from the Entrance prism beveled surface, it is not
necessary to remove the prism from the instrument. On occasion, it may be necessary to remove
excess fluid. Harsh scrubbing of this surface or application of cleaning solvents may cause
permanent damage to the protective coating and eventually the reflective surface (Figure 19b),
requiring replacement of the prism. To avoid this, gently dab the prism surface with an absorbent,
non-abrasive cloth – Do not use a scrubbing motion.

Figure 19a. New protective Figure 19b. Worn protective

coating on GASP entrance coating on GASP entrance
prism. prism.

If the reflective coating is damaged, a poor image may result. A poor image makes it more
difficult for operator to obtain accurate, reliable, and reproducible surface stress measurements.

18
Typically, repair of this prism surface is not possible and the problem can only be resolved by
prism set replacement.

Occasionally, excess index-matching liquid spills over the mirror and on the surfaces that should
remain clean. The cleaning is best accomplished with a lint-free soft tissue, and special care must be
exercised to avoid scratches of the prism mirror. To clean the prisms proceed as follows:

- Place the GASP on a clean towel or other soft, abrasive-free surface

- Loosen the four setscrews holding the prism
- Carefully remove the prism together
with the pressure plates (Figure 20)
- Gently clean the prism and pressure plates with commercial glass
cleaner
- Using a commercial glass cleaner and an absorbent
soft cloth, CAREFULLY dab any index fluid from the interior
track and the prism mirror. DO NOT RUB –Damage to the
prism coating may result. Do not remove the mirror for
cleaning.
- Insert the prisms back in position. Make sure that the exit
prism is mounted in the proper orientation! Clear faces
down and toward mirror.

Bottom surfaces
must be flush!
Figure 20. GASP Prism Installation

Set the instrument horizontal and allow the prisms to drop down flush on a flat surface. Tighten
the setscrew and check that the prism surfaces are indeed even with the bottom of the instrument.

To ensure optical contact, the GASP prisms must be in proper position. These instructions
should be followed to properly set up the prism position for initial set-up or when re-installing
the prism after cleaning.

Turn the instrument upside down. Place a small drop of fluid on a the glass practice sample and
place it in contact with the instrument.

Before tightening the screws, verify alignment with a straight edge to ensure that the prisms are
flush with the divider.

Follow the procedure shown in Figure 20 to properly install the prisms after cleaning. Turn the
instrument upside down. Place a small drop of fluid on a flat glass sample and place it in contact
with the instrument. Refer to Figure 21 to ensure that proper techniques are followed.

19
Figure 21. Proper and Improper Prism Installation
Techniques

20
2. Power Supply

The fiberoptic-light operated GASP and GASP-CS include an adjustable power supply containing a
GASP EKE lamp, and fiberoptic cable connecting the light sources to the INPUT The battery pack is
connected to 120/220 Vac 50/60 Hz. No battery is required.

The GASP 3-volt bulb in older models is powered by a rechargeable module. The two 1.2 volt
rechargeable batteries supply power for five hours of continuous service. Overnight charging is
recommended.

The Laser GASP is powered by four rechargeable cells (total 4 x 1.2 volts) and an ac adapter, for
operation and recharging. The LCD GASP is powered by a rechargeable 12V battery pack,
which should only be charged with the supplied Smart Charger/ac adapter.

The Display on the LCD GASP must be powered on before each use by depressing the Power
button on the rear panel. It will turn off automatically.

TO RECHARGE THE BATTERIES:

(Non-LCD GASP) Leave the batteries in the battery pack. Switch the power supply into the 4.5 volt
position when adjustable supply is used or 6V when a single-setting power supply is used. Plug the
power supply into an AC source and connect the DC output plug into the re-charge socket. Turn the
GASP ON-OFF switch to OFF (lamp not lit) and charge batteries overnight using the 4.5 volt setting
of the power supply. For the Laser GASP, the 6-volt setting can be used if a fast charge is desired.
The tip of the power supply plug must be +.

Do not attempt to recharge batteries that are not rechargeable.

DO NOT ALLOW the LCD GASP Battery Pack to fully deplete.

Always keep it connected to the smart charger when not in use.
If batteries will not accept a charge, use the 6V charger for about
one hour and then use the smart charger.

3. Polarizing Filter

This filter provides the polarization necessary for stress analysis by polarimetric
means. It has been factory adjusted with its axis of polarization at 45° to the plane
of incidence. The position of the collimating lens has also been factory preset. Do
not disassemble. The polarizing filter can only be replaced/aligned at the factory.
The polarizer may be cleaned using commercial glass cleaner. Do not use acetone.

K. Replacement Parts

UV-1301 Ultraviolet lamp, for identifying the tin side of glass

UV-STI-26 Rechargeable double-tube handheld UV lamp, for identifying the tin-side of

glass

CAL-PLATE GASP calibration plate with known surface stress for instrument verification

21
GASP-MIF-154-01 Refractive index fluid refill 1 oz (30 cc)

GASP-MIF-154-04 Refractive index fluid refill 4 oz (120 cc)

GASP-MIF-154-16 Refractive index fluid refill 16 oz (473 cc)

GASP-MIF-154-128 chargeRefractive index fluid refill 128 oz (3784 cc)

GASP-VIDEO-CK Video display conversion kit with CCD camera, power supply, adapter
cables, and 9" b/w monitor. Converts any GASP to a Video-GASP

GASP-LWC-ST Standard quartz measuring wedge

GASP-LWC-HS High-sensitivity measuring wedge

GASP-LM-5 Laser-source replacement module

GASP-LM-CK Laser conversion kit (converts GASP to LASER-GASP)

Includes GASP-LM-5, rechargeable battery pack and AC adapter

GASP-FO-CK Fiber optic conversion kit (converts LASER-GASP to GASP)

Includes halogen light source, fiber optic cable and adapters

GASP-PS-EE GASP prism replacement set (includes 1 each entrance/exit prism)

GASP-MIRROR Replacement mirror with mount

GASP-STATION Charger Base

22
L. Limited Warranty

Strainoptics, Inc. warrants all instruments it manufactures to be free from defect in materials and
workmanship, and agrees to repair or replace any instrument that fails to perform as specified
within one year after date of shipment.

This warranty shall not apply to any instrument that has been:

i. repaired or altered by persons unauthorized by Strainoptics

in such a manner as to injure, in our sole judgment, the
performance,stability, or reliability of the instrument;
ii. subjected to misuse, negligence, or accident;
iii. connected, installed, adjusted, or used in a manner other than in
accordance with the instructions furnished by us.

At no charge, we will repair, at our plant or at an authorized repair station – or, at

our option, replace – any of our products found to be defective under this warranty.

This warranty is in lieu of any other warranty, expressed or implied. Strainoptics, Inc. sole
liabilities, and the buyer’s sole remedies, under this agreement shall be limited to the purchase
price, or at our sole discretion, to the repair and replacement of any instrument that proves to be
defective, when returned to our factory, transportation prepaid by the buyer, within one year from
the date of original shipment.

Return transportation charges of repaired or replacement instruments under warranty will be

prepaid by Strainoptics, Inc.

This warranty constitutes the full understanding between the manufacturer and buyer, and no
terms, conditions, understanding, or agreement purporting to modify or vary the terms hereof
shall be binding unless hereafter made in writing and signed by an authorized official of
Strainoptics, Inc.

23
 Strainoptics Laser GASP®
Quick-Start Guide
Note: These instructions are not meant to replace the full Strainoptics Laser GASP instruction manual
supplied with your instrument. If you are not yet familiar with the initial setup, general operation, and
maintenance requirements of the Laser GASP, or if questions arise, please refer to the complete manual
for further details.

CAUTION: TO AVOID EYE DAMAGE, DO NOT LOOK DIRECTLY AT THE LASER LIGHT.

B. Input Head
D. Output Head

I. Protractor Dial
A. Battery
Pack J. Vernier Indicator

F. Input Head Tilt-

Adjust Knob
E. Input Head
Locking Knob
G. Mirror Pivot
Lever
C. Six (not shown)
Screwheads H. Compensator Assembly

1. Place your glass sample and the Laser GASP on a clean, flat, and level surface with the TIN SIDE up.
To verify that you are measuring on the tin side of the glass, use a UV lamp (available from Strainoptics,
part #UV-STI-4).

2. With the power switch on the battery pack (A) in the OFF position, insert the small silver plug attached
to the Input Head (B) into the small jack on the side of the battery pack. Turn the power switch to the ON
position. Verify that the laser light is on by lifting the instrument slightly and noticing the red reflection on
the surface of the glass or table. Note: When the instrument is not in use, always turn the power switch
OFF to save battery power.

3. To minimize the possibility of damage to the Laser GASP’s prisms, be sure that the point of
measurement is free of abrasives. Place a few drops of index matching fluid (approximately 1/2-inch
diameter) on the sample where the measurement is to take place.

Carefully lower the Laser GASP body onto the glass so that the pool of fluid completely covers the prism
faces on the bottom of the instrument. This is the area directly underneath the six screwheads (C) located
on the side of the Laser GASP body. Move the instrument back and forth (lengthwise) slightly to distribute
the fluid evenly over the prism faces. Both prisms should have good contact with the glass.

24
4. For the best viewing image, the intensity of the laser light passing through the sample should be
maximized. For reading accuracy, the light path must be directed to travel through the stress layer near
the surface of the glass. If these adjustments have not been made, follow these instructions using the
practice sample supplied with your Laser GASP:

To maximize light intensity – Position the practice sample lengthwise on the table, perpendicular
to your body so that you can look into the sample from its edge. Place the Laser GASP at a
midpoint on the surface of the sample, with its output head (D) facing you. With your eyes level to
the sample, you should be able to see the laser light exiting the glass edge. Loosen the input head
locking knob (E) and, while observing the light intensity, slowly move the input head (B) backward
or forward until maximum light intensity is seen. Tighten the input head locking knob.

To optimize the laser light path – Slowly turn the input head tilt-adjust knob (F) while observing
the laser light exiting the sample at the edge. Adjust the light path until it is as close to the top
surface of the sample as possible, without losing light intensity.

5. While looking down into the eyepiece, slowly adjust the mirror pivot lever (G) until a red laser light or
alternating red and black lines (known as fringes) are visible. Slowly rotate the tilt-adjust knob (F) until the
lines are well defined. If the image appears cut off at either end, slowly slide the wedge compensator
assembly (H) left or right to center the image and maximize the viewing area.

6. Once a good image is obtained, rotate the protractor dial (I) until the reticle lines in the eyepiece are
aligned parallel to the black fringe lines in the image. NOTE: The reticle lines do not have to be placed
over the fringe lines. To ensure parallelism, position the reticle lines slightly offset from the fringe lines and
use the “negative space” between the fringe line and the reticle lines to arrive at the proper position (refer
to illustration). Note the angle of the protractor scale at the zero point of the vernier indicator (J).

Reticle lines
Fringe (Choose one to work with) Negative Space

Placing a reticle directly

Reticle not over the black fringe Placing a reticle line “very close” to the
parallel to fringe. does not give the best edge of a fringe creates a sliver of light
indication of parallelism. between the two. This sliver of light
(negative space) is easily balanced for
uniformity along the entire edge of the
fringe. This will give the most consistent
indication of parallelism.

Note: LCD and Video GASP Users will

observe fringes inclining to the right instead
of the left for surface compression.

7. To convert the angle reading to a stress value, use the angle vs. stress table that came with your
instrument. This conversion chart was calibrated specifically for your Laser GASP and is not
interchangeable with any other instrument.

8. If you are having difficulty using the Laser GASP, and cannot solve the problem by referring to the
complete instruction manual, please contact a Strainoptics Technical Support Representative.

Strainoptics, Inc. 108 West Montgomery Ave.

North Wales, PA 19454
www.strainoptics.com Tel: (215) 661-0100
Fax: (215) 699-7028
E-mail: stress@strainoptics.com

25
 Strainoptics Laser
GASP®-CS
Quick-Start Guide
Note: These instructions are not meant to replace the full Strainoptics Laser GASP-CS instruction manual
supplied with your instrument. If you are not yet familiar with the initial setup, general operation, and
maintenance requirements of the Laser GASP-CS, or if questions arise, please refer to the complete
manual for further details.

CAUTION: TO AVOID EYE DAMAGE, DO NOT LOOK DIRECTLY AT THE LASER LIGHT.

B. Input
Head
D. Output Head

I. Protractor Dial
J. Vernier
Indicator

H. Compensator
Assembly

G. Mirror Pivot
A. Battery Pack Thumbscrew
(not shown)

C. Leveling Screws (2) E. Input Head Locking Knob F. Input Head Tilt-Adjust Knob

1. Place your glass sample on a clean, flat, and level surface with the TIN SIDE up. To verify that you are
measuring on the tin side of the glass, use a UV lamp (available from Strainoptics, part #UV-STI-4).

2. With the power switch on the battery pack (A) in the OFF position, insert the small silver plug attached
to the Input Head (B) into the small jack on the side of the battery pack. Turn the power switch to the ON
position. Verify that the laser light is on by lifting the instrument slightly and noticing the red reflection on
the surface of the glass or table. Note: When the instrument is not in use, always turn the power switch
OFF and unplug the laser to save battery power.

3. For the best viewing image, the intensity of the laser light passing through the sample should be
maximized. For reading accuracy, the light path must be directed to travel through the stress layer near
the surface of the glass. When using the Laser GASP-CS on curved glass, it can require more fine
adjustments to obtain a satisfactory image than when using the instrument on flat glass. It is critical that
BOTH prisms make contact with the glass surface at the same time.

We strongly recommend following the instructions in Steps 4-9 using the supplied practice sample until
you are completely comfortable with the techniques described before attempting to use the instrument on
your curved glass specimens.

4. To minimize the possibility of damage to the Laser GASP-CS prisms, be sure that the point of
measurement is free of abrasives. Place a few drops of index matching fluid (approximately 1/2-inch
diameter) on the sample where the measurement is to take place. Carefully lower the Laser GASP-CS
body onto the glass so that the pool of fluid completely covers the prism faces on the bottom of the
instrument and BOTH prisms are in contact with the glass surface.
 TIP: When measuring curved glass, wherever possible, position the Laser GASP-CS perpendicular to the
curvature of the glass. This will help maximize the contact between the prisms and the glass
surface.

5. To maximize light intensity, loosen the input head locking knob (E) and, while observing the light
intensity through the eyepiece, slowly move the input head (B) backward or forward until maximum light
intensity is seen. Tighten the input head locking knob.

6. Raise the two white leveling screws (C) above the glass so that you can easily rock the instrument
slowly back and forth (lengthwise) while looking through the eyepiece and observing the quality of the
image. (When the instrument is set up correctly on heat-strengthened or tempered glass, you should
observe inclined black lines (stress fringes) on a red background through the eyepiece.) Lower the
leveling screws to stabilize the instrument.

7. Image quality may be improved by slowly turning the mirror pivot thumbscrew (G).

IMPORTANT: On heat-treated glass, straight or absent fringes are indications that the prisms are not in
proper contact with the glass. No image, or a very dim image, indicates that adjustments to the light path
are necessary.

To optimize the light path, slowly turn the input head tilt-adjust knob (F) while observing the
image through the eyepiece, without losing light intensity. If you still cannot obtain a satisfactory image,
repeat Steps 4 and 6 to ensure adequate optical coupling between the prisms and the glass surface.

8. If the image appears cut off at either end, slowly slide the wedge compensator assembly (H) left or right
to center the image and maximize the viewing area.

9. Once a good image is obtained, rotate the protractor dial (I) until the reticle lines in the eyepiece are
aligned parallel to the black fringe lines in the image. NOTE: The reticle lines do not have to be placed
over the fringe lines. To ensure parallelism, position the reticle lines slightly offset from the fringe lines and
use the “negative space” between the fringe line and the reticle lines to arrive at the proper position (refer
to illustration). Note the angle of the protractor scale at the zero point of the vernier indicator (J).

Reticle lines
(Choose one to work with)

Fringe Negative Space

Placing a reticle directly

Reticle not over the black fringe Placing a reticle line “very close” to the
parallel to fringe. does not give the best edge of a fringe creates a sliver of light
indication of parallelism. between the two. This sliver of light
(negative space) is easily balanced for
uniformity along the entire edge of the
fringe. This will give the most consistent
indication of parallelism.

Note: LCD and Video GASP Users will

observe fringes inclining to the right instead
of the left for surface compression.

10. To convert the angle reading to a stress value, use the angle vs. stress table that came with your
instrument. This conversion chart was calibrated specifically for your Laser GASP-CS and is not
interchangeable with any other instrument.

108 West Montgomery Ave.

Strainoptics, Inc. North Wales, PA 19454
Tel: (215) 661-0100
www.strainoptics.com
27 Fax: (215) 699-7028
E-mail: stress@strainoptics.com
 IMPORTANT NOTICE! Please Read Immediately.
If proper charging procedures are not followed, your LCD GASP instrument could lose the
ability to use battery power. To avoid this, it is important to follow these instructions carefully:

1. Your instrument was supplied with two chargers as pictured below (Figure 1 and
Figure 2).

Figure 1. Smart Charger Figure 2. 6V Emergency Charger

2. To recharge the battery pack, use ONLY the Smart Charger shown in Figure 1.
However, do not allow the battery pack to discharge completely before recharging.
If the remaining battery voltage is too low, the Smart Charger will not be able to
recharge the battery pack. When the instrument is not in use, it should always be left
connected to the Smart Charger and used to maintain a charge in the battery pack.
Protective circuitry in the Smart Charger will prevent the battery pack from being in an
overcharged or undercharged condition. When the battery pack requires immediate
recharging, you will notice the image on the LCD screen go dark, turn white or flicker.
The instrument can also operate from ac power using the Smart Charger while the battery
pack is being charged, unless the batteries are fully depleted. In that case, the 6V emergency
charger must be used as instructed below.

3. In the event the Smart Charger fails to recharge the battery pack, use the 6V emergency
charger shown in Figure 2 to recharge the battery pack for about an hour. Then, switch over to
the Smart Charger to complete the charging cycle. When charging is in progress, the indicator
light will be red. When charging is complete, the indicator light will turn green.

The 6V emergency charger is only provided for a temporary charge in order to bring the battery
pack voltage up to a level where the Smart Charger can be used.

108 W. Montgomery Ave. stress@strainoptics.com

North Wales, PA 19454 USA www.strainoptics.com

28
Need Help? Technical support from a responsive Strainoptics engineer is only a phone call or
email away. A complete list of authorized Strainoptics representatives and distributors is also
available on our website, and we can provide operator and technical training for your staff at our
headquarters in North Wales, PA (outside of Philadelphia) or at your facility anywhere in the
world.

Strainoptics is the world leader in glass stress inspection and measurement, with a full line of
manual and PC-based instruments for applications including architectural glass, automotive
glass, container glass, and optical glass. We also offer certified calibration services for any brand
of polariscope or polarimeter, and a range of instruments for measuring optical distortion.

Thank you for choosing Strainoptics! We value your business and look forward to serving you in
the future.

Strainoptics, Inc.
108 W. Montgomery Avenue
North Wales, PA 19454 USA

Tel: 215 661-0100 Fax: 215 699-7028

E-mail: stress@strainoptics.com
Technical Support: stress2@strainoptics.com
Website: www.strainoptics.com

29